terrestrial biomes chapter 50 ( part 2). slide 2 of 21 terrestrial biomes large regions of earth ...
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Terrestrial Biomes
Chapter 50 (Part 2)
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Terrestrial Biomes
Large regions of earth
Dependent on Rainfall & Temperature
Characterized by specific vegetation & animal life
Characteristic biomic progression in terrestrial latitude & altitude in a mountain range
Aquatic biomes are very stable due to the high specific heat of water which is due to ________ _____ .
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Terrestrial Biomes
Tundra
Coniferous Forrest
Temperate Broadleaf Forest
Chaparral Temperate Grassland
Savanna Desert
Tropical Rain Forest
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Slide 5 of 21
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Slide 6 of 21
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Terrestrial Climograph
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Tropical Rain Forest
Found near to the equator
Abundant rainfall, stable temp., & high humidity
Only cover 4% of the surface, but accounts for 20% of the Earth’s carbon fixation
Most diverse biome
4 vertical zonations – floor, understory, lower canopy, & Dense upper canopy
Canopy prevents most light from reaching floor Allows rain water to drip down to the floor
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Vertical Zonation
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Epiphytes
Many trees are covered with epiphytes Photosynthetic plants that grow on other trees rather than
supporting themselves Not parasites, but may block too much light
thus leading to death of the host plant
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Desert
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Desert
Insufficient rainfall to even support grass growth Rainfall < 10 inches
Most extreme temperature fluctuations of any biome
May feature cacti, sagebrush, and other hardy bushes
Some small, temporary plants Germinate only after rain – only around for a few weeks
CAM plants are common
Most animals are active at night (nocturnal) During the day - they burrow underground or hide in shade Reptiles & rodents
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Savanna
Grassland with a few trees
Fire is a dominant abiotic factor
Migrating mammals
Plant growth is substantial during rainy season, but adaptations to dry climate
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Chaparral
Mild rainy winters & long, dry summers
Plants are adapted for fires
Shrubs & small trees highly adapted to dry conditions
Southern California & Mediterranean
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Temperate Grassland
Covers large swaths of land in both the temperate & tropical regions of the world
Characterized by low annual rainfall of seasonal occurrence of rainfall Inhospitable for trees or forests
Grazing mammals bison, gazelle prairie dogs
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Temperate Broadleaf Forest
Located Primarily in the Northeast US & most of Europe
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Temperate Broadleaf Forest
Also called a Deciduous forest Seasonal loss of leaves Many mammals hibernate in the winter
Dense strands of deciduous trees
Shows vertical stratification of plants & animals Canopy (upper layer) contains 1 or 2 strata of trees Shrubs are beneath @ bottom, a herbaceous layer (die at the end of the growing
season)
Soil is rich due to decomposition of leaf litter
Squirrels, deer, foxes, & bears
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Coniferous (Boreal) Forest
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Coniferous Forest
Also called “Taiga” or Boreal Forest
Conifers are the most common primary producer Pine, Spruce, and fir = Christmas trees Conical shape of leaves prevents snowfall accumulation
and subsequent destruction of leaves
Very cold winters
Largest terrestrial biome
Heavy snowfall
Moose, black bear, lynx, elk, & wolverines
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Tundra
Permafrost Frozen subsoil found in the extreme North, such as Alaska
Commonly referred to as the frozen desert What little rainfall is received cannot penetrate the frozen
ground
Appearance of gently rolling plains, dotted with lakes & ponds
Insects are abundant in summer, hence many birds nest in the tundra during the summer
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Tundra