TERRORISM - A GLOBAL THREAT

Acts that intend to create fear

These acts are perpetrated for an ideological goal.

These also may include acts of unlawful violence & war

Civil disorders : a form of collective violence interfering the peace &

security and normal functioning of the community.

Political terrorism : violent behavior designed primarily to generate fear in

the community for political purpose

Non- political terrorism : terrorism is not aimed at political purpose but exhibit

conscious design to create & maintain high degree of fear.

Official / state terrorism : referring to nations whose rule is based upon fear &

oppression that reach similar to terrorism . These are terrorist act carried out by government in pursuit of political objectives.

Srilanka - LTTE (Liberation Tigers Of Tamil Elam ) Campaign against the Srilankan government since 1970

Headed by Vellupillai Prabhakaran

Objective is to create a separate Tamil state

Attracts the Tamil youth who are dissatisfied by government’s role towards concerns of the Tamil

community

China

Primarily committed by separatist militants in the Xinjiang, Uyghur & Tibet autonomous regions .

Aim is that Uyghur gains independence from China and want to establish a state of East Turkistan

Pakistan : Results mainly because of its support of terrorist activities in its

neighboring countries namely in India & Afghanistan. Pakistan’s intelligence agency ISI accused of playing a role in major

terror attacks all over the globe like September 11, 2001 , Mumbai train blasts, London bombing, Varanasi bombing

ISI also supports Taliban forces & in recruiting & training mujahedeen .

Terror groups are: Al-Qaeda, Lashkar- e -Omar, Lashkar – e –Toiba, Sipah-e-saba.

Jammu & Kashmir: JKLF( Jammu & Kashmir liberation front) - split into 2 headed by

Amanullah khan & Yasin Malik. Objective was to achieve independence

These activists are supported by people expelled from POK (Pakistan occupied Kashmir)Eg: Hijacking Of Indian Airlines Flight

Killing of Indian deputy high commission in Birmingham Operate from London. ISI gained entry into India because of them.

Bihar : Existence of groups like Ranvir Sena, Balbir militias as they frequently attack

policemen & politicians. There are massacres due to caste groups. This state is also the transit point for fake currency, drug deals from Nepal &

Bangladesh.

Assam: ULFA ( United Liberation Front Of Asom): 2 goals: Independence of Assam & establishment of socialist government ULFA has links with Naxalites. Most of their operations are carried out from

Kingdom of Bhutan.

Andhra pradesh Naxalites majorly operate in the Telangana district. Their objective is to create

equality in society, hence attack the rich & powerful. Eg: attempts of assassination of former AP- CM, Mr. Chandrababu Naidu, targets

senior officials as well.

The State Police and its intelligence set- up The National Intelligence community Physical security agencies Paramilitary forces The Army Intelligence-sharing with other countries

The state police and its intelligence set-up: Under India's federal Constitution, the responsibility for policing and maintenance of law and order is given to individual states. The central government in New Delhi provides advice, financial help, training and other assistance to strengthen their professional capabilities.

The national intelligence community: This consists of the internal intelligence agency (the ministry of home affairs' Intelligence Bureau), the external intelligence agency (the Cabinet secretariat's Research and Analysis Wing), the Defense Intelligence Agency that was set up a year ago, and the intelligence directorates general of the armed forces.

The Army: They are defenses last resort when the police and paramilitary forces fail to cope with a terrorist circumstances. But in view of Pakistan's large-scale infiltration in Jammu and Kashmir, the army has a more active, permanent role in counter-terrorism operations here. What India is facing in J&K is not just terrorism, but a proxy war being waged by the Pakistani armed forces through its jihadi surrogates.

Intelligence sharing with other countries : Even before 9/11, arrangements for intelligence-sharing on terrorism amongst the agencies of different countries existed. 9/11 brought the realization that terrorism is an absolute evil whatever be the cause and that unless the intelligence agencies of the world network themselves as effectively as the terrorist organizations, they might not be able to eradicate this menace. This has improved intelligence-sharing.

The UN has 13 universal conventions against terrorism

The Security Council resolution 1373, the most important which comprises of Prevention and suppression of terrorist financing International cooperation Prevention and criminalization of terrorist acts Establishment of the Counter-Terrorism Committee

Steps Initiated by the US Government:

Designated Terrorists and Their Supporters Freezing of Terrorist Assets Improved Coordination at Home International Cooperation, Outreach and Coordination Improving Domestic Tools to Stop Financing Terrorism

Cyber-Terrorism Biological warfare Nuclear Threat Corporate Hijackings

Cyber-Terrorism: The world is getting flatter, transactions are held in cyberspace, everything is going the electronic way. This new e-era is the next zone for wars and terrorist activities. More and more terrorist are becoming tech savvy and have come to understood the true potential for waging war in cyberspace. Hacking financial institutions, decrypting military networks and gathering sensitive information has become the new theme for terrorists

Biological warfare: A terrorist group is likely to conduct an attack using biological weapons by 2020, according to a report released Thursday by a CIA think tank. Acts of bioterrorism would be "particularly suited" to these smaller and better-informed terrorist groups, indeed, the bioterrorist's laboratory could well be the size of a household kitchen, and the weapon built there could be smaller than a toaster.

Terrorist use of biological agents is therefore likely, and the range of options will grow. The report also warns of the development of advanced biological weapons agents and the possible development of chemical agents intended to circumvent the verification regime of the Chemical Weapons Convention.

Nuclear Threat: More and more countries are arming themselves with nuclear weapons and terrorists could obtain a nuclear weapon. They are expected to continue to attempt to do so over the next 15 years through theft or purchase, particularly in Russia or Pakistan. The likelihood that a terrorist attack involving a nuclear weapon occurs before 2020 cannot be ruled out.

Corporate Hijackings: Since the global economy is going the electronic way another way for the terrorists to vent out crimes could be kidnapping and hijacking the big Corporates. A countries economy is generally built on its corporate houses and a hostile takedown of several of the large corporate houses could result in the economy tumbling this threat is eminent and very real.

USA : safest country to reside , the steps taken by the nation generally are very quick & very effective

Security checks in the nation will have quadrupled by then – borders & airports.

People may have to carry baggage which are totally transparent.

Vigilant regarding the steps or moves taken by other nations.

Aims : Controlling Lebanon's Hizbullah Promoting success of Iraqi election process Securing oil-fields in Arabian gulf region.

Al-Qaeda : regional war against America aims at opening a jihadist triangle of terror beginning

with Afghanistan, Iran , South Iraq & ending with Southern Turkey

Will aim at USA not achieving its objectives

Agro-terrorism : terrorist groups would attack the poorer so that there will be a huger disparity between the rich & the poor .

Done by introducing certain malicious plants & animal pathogens to cause devastating disease in agriculture sector

Increase in bio-terrorism : release of biological agents ( bacteria,

viruses) affecting & killing large number of humans , plants & animals. Anthrax attacks, plague.

Environmental terrorism : this would enhance Target would be the natural resources - bombing of the mines,

destruction of forests.

Terrorism based on religion: it would certainly enhance

Unity should become our strength

If not controlled it may spread like an epidemic.

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