test on thursday, march 7 dna review answers. question #1 what are the 3 parts of a dna nucleotide?...
TRANSCRIPT
T E S T O N T H U R S DAY , M A RC H 7
DNA REVIEW ANSWERS
QUESTION #1
•What are the 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide?• Sugar – deoxyribose• Phosphate group•Nitrogen base – A, G, C, or T
QUESTION #2
•During DNA replication, what will the complementary strand be if the parent strand is GCATTG?• CGTAAC
QUESTION #3
• What is the shape of a strand of DNA?•Double helix
QUESTION #4
•What are the 3 differences between RNA and DNA?• Sugar is ribose instead of deoxyribose•Uracil instead of thymine• Single-stranded instead of double
QUESTION #5
•Match the following.•mRNA – contains the code for making proteins• tRNA – bring the amino acids to the ribosome• rRNA – make up the main part of a ribosome
QUESTION #6
•What are introns?• Sections of RNA that do not code for the protein (“in the way”)
•What are exons?• Sections of RNA that do code for the protein (“expressed”)
QUESTION #7
•Which nitrogen bases are pyrimidines?• Cytosine, uracil, and thymine (CUT)
•Which one are purines?• Adenine and guanine
QUESTION #8
•What is transcription?•Making RNA from DNA
QUESTION #9
•What is translation?•Making the proteins from the mRNA (“translating the code”)
QUESTION #10
•Match the following.• Replication – making a copy of the DNA• Transcription – making RNA from DNA• Translation – making a protein from the mRNA
QUESTION #11
•Where in the cell does translation occur?• ribosomes
•Where in the cell does transcription occur?• nucleus
QUESTION #12
•Complete the following base pairing rules for DNA:• Adenine – thymine•Guanine – cytosine• Cytosine – guanine• Thymine – adenine
QUESTION #13
•How many bases make up a codon?• 3
QUESTION #14
•How many codons are needed to get 5 amino acids?• 5
QUESTION #15
•How many codons are there?• 64
•How many amino acids are there?• 20
QUESTION #16
• If you are given the DNA: GACCTTGGAACT, what would the mRNA be?• CUGGAACCUUGA
QUESTION #17
•Which amino acid has the codon UGC?• Cysteine (Cys)
QUESTION #18
•Which type of RNA has an anticodon?• Transfer RNA (tRNA)
QUESTION #19
•Match the following.• Insertion – an extra nucleotide is added•Deletion – a nucleotide is left out• Point mutation/substitution – one nucleotide is substituted for another
QUESTION #20
•The genetic code in DNA depends on the order of the bases.
QUESTION #21
•Match the following.•Watson & Crick – discovered the structure of DNA• Avery – showed that DNA is the transforming factor•Griffith – studied transformation in pneumonia
QUESTION #22
•What percentage of DNA codes for proteins/polypeptides?• 1-2%
QUESTION #23
•What is the anticodon for the codon UGC?• ACG
QUESTION #24
•What is the start codon in DNA?• TAC
QUESTION #25
•What is the start codon in RNA and what amino acid does it code for?• AUG•Methionine (Met)
QUESTION #26
•What does adenine pair with in RNA?• uracil
QUESTION #27
•Fill in the table below.
DNA RNA
Type of sugar deoxyribose ribose
Nitrogen bases A, G, C, T A, G, C, U
Single or double stranded
double single