testing times ahead - tcp online home hc to to to hc tp/cp mc main cross-connect ic intermediate...

P. O. Box MT65, LEEDS, LS17 8YD. United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 113 232 3721 Fax: +44 (0) 113 232 3724© 2001 The Cabling Partnershipwww.e-readybuilding.comwww.it-cabling.com

e-Ready BuildingNext Generation IT infrastructures

The CablingPartnershipϕ

Introduction

AGENDA

The Status of the StandardsWhat Can We Test?

Copper: The “Real World”

LunchOF: Testing PhilosophiesDuplex and SFF Testing

Gigabit EthernetLaunch Conditions

Question Time

The Differing RequirementsBreak

Copper: Testing Philosophies

OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time


Testing Times AheadTHE LATEST PROPOSALS FOR TESTING COPPER AND OPTICAL FIBRE CABLING

Prepared and delivered by The Cabling Partnership

BSI, Chiswick, London: 15th October 2001Wandsworth, London: 19th November 2001





Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Mike GilmoreThe Cabling Partnership

www.it-cabling.come-Ready Building

www.e-readybuilding.comPO Box MT65, LEEDS, LS17 8YD, United KingdomTel: +44 (0) 113 232 3721 Fax: +44 (0) 113 232 3724

ISO/IEC JTC1 SC25 Secretary: WG3: Generic Cabling

Member: Project Team: SOHO

CENELEC50173 Ed.2 (2002)

Convenor: TC215 WG1: IT Cabling

BSIChairman TCT7/-/1: IT CablingChairman TCT7/-/3: IT Cabling

Fibreoptic Industry Association Standards Director Technical Director

Mike Gilmore




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Agenda




Introduction

AGENDA





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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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The status of the standardsISO, EN and USStructureMaximum ImplementationsInter/Cross-connectsCordsInterfaces

EquipmentTest

Implementation Rules

Application SupportCabling Life CycleChannel ComponentsContents - ISO/IEC and EN

ISO and ENUS




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OTDR vs. LSPM

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ISO, EN and US

EN 50173 Ed.2 (2002)

Information technology-

Generic cabling systems

ISO/IEC 11801 Ed.2 (2002)

Information technology-

Generic cabling forcustomer premises

ANSI/TIA/EIA 568 B Series

Commercial buildingtelecommunications cabling

standard

• SE Completed• 6MP begins July, 2001• 3MV begins Q2, 2002• publication Q4, 2002

• 2nd CD Completed• FCD NOW (N739)• FDIS Q2, 2002• publication Q4, 2002

• B.1 General Requirements• published

• B.2 Balanced Twisted-pair Cabling• published• Addendum 1

• Category 6• Draft 9a (08/01)

• B.3 Optical Fibre Cabling• published




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Structure

optional cables

TO TO TO

CP

BD

CD

BD

FDFD

TO TO TO

FD

CP

CD Campus distributorBD Building distributorFD Floor distributorCP Consolidation pointTO Telecommunications outlet

TO TO TO

TP/CP

IC

MC

IC

HCHC

TO TO TO

HC

TP/CP

MC Main cross-connectIC Intermediate cross-connectHC Horizontal cross-connectCP Consolidation pointTP Transition pointTO Telecommunications outlet

ISO/IEC and EN ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Maximum Implementations

WA

CD

BD FD

2000 metres

100metres

WA

MC

IC HC

800 metres: Cu2000 metres: MMF3000 metres: SMF

100metres

ISO/IEC and EN

ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1

500 metres: Cu1700 metres: MMF2700 metres: SMF

300metres

WA Work area

WA Work area




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Inter/Cross-connects

Mated connectionCC Crossconnect panelPP Patch panel

PPCC Crossconnect channel implementationsPP

PPInterconnect channel

implementations

Splice

ISO/IEC, EN and ANSI/TIA/EIA




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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Cords

Horizontal cabling implementation

with Consolidation PointPP CP TOCC

Equipment cord Patch cord

PPCC PP CC

Backbone cabling implementation

Patch cord Equipment cord

CP cord Work area cord





Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Equipment Interfaces

PPCC PP CC


EQUIPMENT INTERFACES



PP

CP TO

CC WA




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Test InterfacesISO/IEC and EN


PPCC PP CC


PP

CP TO

CC WA

TEST INTERFACES



PP

CP TO

CC WA

TEST INTERFACES




Introduction

AGENDA





Question Time



OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time


PP CP

TO

CC

FD

WA

100 metres max.

No. of connections2

3 inc. CP4

H = (106-31-FX-CY)/TH = (105-FX-CY)/TH = (107-FX-CY)/T

H = (109-FX)/T3 w/o. CP H = (107-FX)/T

H = (107-31-FX)/TH = (106-31-FX)/T

H = (106-31-FX-CY)/TH = (105-31-FX-CY)/T H = (105-41-FX-CY)/T

H = (106-31-FX)/TH = (107-21-FX)/T

Class D/Category 5 Class E/Category 6 Class F/Category 7

T = 1 + (t-20) x α where t = maximum design temperature within link

α = 0.2 for t>20oC = 0.4 for 20oC<t<40oC= 0.6 for 40oC<t<60oC

for screened cables for unscreened cables

Note 1: this length reduction is provides margin for insertion loss deviation.

C

F1 F2

F = F1 + F2 X = cord attenuation premiumY = CP cable attenuation premium (if any)

X and Y 1.5 typically 1.2 typically

90 metres max.

H, 15 metres min.

ISO/IEC and EN




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OTDR vs. LSPM

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PP CP

TO

CC

FD

WA

100 metres max.

H = (102-FX)

Class D/Category 5 Class E/Category 6


F1 F2

F = F1 + F2 X = cord attenuation premium

X 1.5 typically 1.2 typically

H, 90 metres max.

15 metres min.


No. of connections

2,3 or 4




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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Contents - ISO/IEC and EN

FOREWORDINTRODUCTION

SCOPENORMATIVE REFERENCES

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONSCONFORMANCE

STRUCTURE

CABLESCONNECTING HARDWARE

CORDS

ELECTROMAGNETIC PERFORMANCE

Screening practicesAdministration

Mech/env. testing for connecting hardware

Acronyms for balanced cablesSUPPORTED APPLICATIONS

Calculation of links and channelsLINK AND CHANNEL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS OF PREVIOUS EDITIONS

Bibliography

12

1.123

1.24

43

55

6

PERFORMANCE68

REFERENCEIMPLEMENTATIONS

78

7810

9

9

Annex D Annex D

111213

Test procedures

Annexes A/B

Annex BAnnex C

Annex EAnnex F Annex C

Annex EAnnex GAnnex HAnnex I

Copper and OF links

ISO/IEC FCD 11801 Ed.2 (N739) EN 50173 Ed.2 (6MP)

Copper channels and links*OF channels and linksCopperOF Copper and OF

Copper and OF channels

Annex A Copper links (full requirements)




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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Contents - ISO/IEC and EN

FOREWORDINTRODUCTION

SCOPENORMATIVE REFERENCES

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONSCONFORMANCE

STRUCTURE

CABLESCONNECTING HARDWARE

CORDS

ELECTROMAGNETIC PERFORMANCE

Screening practicesAdministration

Mech/env. testing for connecting hardware

Acronyms for balanced cablesSUPPORTED APPLICATIONS

Calculation of links and channelsLINK AND CHANNEL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS OF PREVIOUS EDITIONS

Bibliography

12

1.123

1.24

43

55

6

PERFORMANCE68

REFERENCEIMPLEMENTATIONS

78

7810

9

9

Annex D Annex D

111213

Test procedures

Annexes A/B

Annex BAnnex C

Annex EAnnex F Annex C

Annex EAnnex GAnnex HAnnex I

Copper and OF linksCopper channels and links*OF channels and linksCopperOF Copper and OF

Copper and OF channels

Annex A Copper links (full requirements)

ISO/IEC FCD 11801 Ed.2 (N739) EN 50173 Ed.2 (6MP)

Worst case




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What can we test?

ChannelGeneric Link (1995)Basic Link (1997)Permanent Link (2000)Permanent Link (2001)Permanent Link (2002)CP Link (2002)

Test Measurement ValidityChannel Misconceptions

Link Limit Definition




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OTDR vs. LSPM

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The Channel

PPCC PP CC



Channel


PP

CP TO

CC WA




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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Generic Link (1995)

PPCC PP CC


ISO/IEC 11801 Ed.1 and EN 50173 Ed.1

Generic link


PP

TO

CC WA

Generic link




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Basic Link (1997)TIA/EIA-TSB67

Basic link


PP

TO

CC WA

Basic link test configuration

TE TE




Introduction

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Permanent Link (2000)

PPCC PP CC


ISO/IEC 11801 Ed.1.2 (2000) and EN 50173 Ed.1 Amendment 1 (2000)

Permanent link


PP

TO

CC WA

Permanent link




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time


PPCC PP CC



Permanent link


PPCC WA

CP TO

Permanent link




Introduction

AGENDA





Question Time



OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time


PPCC PP CC


ISO/IEC 11801 Ed.2 (2002), EN 50173 Ed.2 (2002) and ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1

Permanent link


PPCC WA

CP TO

Permanent link




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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CP Link (2002)ISO/IEC 11801 Ed.2 (2002) and EN 50173 Ed.2 (2002)

CP link


PPCC WA

CP TO

A point of contractual transfer




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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Link Limit DefinitionISO/IEC 11801 Ed.2 (2002), EN 50173 Ed.2 (2002) and ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1

There are no restrictions on the length of:• equipment and patch cords;

• CP cords/cables;• work area cords.

CP link


PP WA

CP TO


PPCC WA

TO

PPCC PP CC


Permanent link

Permanent link

CC




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Link Measurement ValidityISO/IEC 11801 Ed.2 (2002) and EN 50173 Ed.2 (2002)

“Channel performance shall be explicitly verified where a channel is created by adding more than onecord to either end of a link meeting the requirements of Annex A”.

CONFORMANCE

CP link


PP WA

CP TO


PPCC WA

TO

PPCC PP CC


Permanent link

Permanent link




Introduction

AGENDA





Question Time



OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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Channel Misconceptions

PPCC PP CC



Channel - Transmission


PP

CP TO

CC WA

Channel - Physical

Equipment cords are NOT patch cords




Introduction

AGENDA





Question Time



OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time

Break




Introduction

AGENDA





Question Time



OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time

The Differing Requirements

Channel RequirementsSummary

Attenuation/Insertion LossModels

Permanent Link RequirementsSummary

Return LossMaximum Models

Attenuation/Insertion LossCP Link Requirements

SummaryModel




Introduction

AGENDA





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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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Channel Requirements SummaryParameter

Return lossAttenuation/insertion loss

NEXTPS NEXT

PS ACRACR

ELFEXT PS ELFEXT

d.c. loop resistanced.c. resistance unbalance

d.c. current carrying capacity

Propagation delayDelay skew

Transmissionparameters

Protocol functionparameters

Current carryingparameters

ISO/IEC and EN 568-B.1Category 5eClass D (2002)

ISO/IEC and EN 568-B.2.1Category 6Class E

Harmonized1 Harmonized1

HarmonizedHarmonized

HarmonizedHarmonized Harmonized

Harmonized


Harmonized HarmonizedHarmonized Harmonized

Not specifiedNot specifiedNot specified


Not specifiedNot specified


NEXT2

PSNEXT2NEXT2

PSNEXT2

Not harmonized Not harmonized

NOTE 1: 3dB get-out clause in ISO/IEC and ENNOTE 2: 4dB get-out clause in ISO/IEC and EN

Other parameters Length Not specified Not specified




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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Channel Models

PP CP TOCC

FD

WA

100 metres

90 metres

ISO/IEC and EN

IEC/EN cables with 50% additional attenuation

PP CP TOCC

FD

WA

100 metres

90 metres

ANSI/TIA/EIA

TIA/EIA568-B.2 cables with 20% additional attenuation

IEC/EN cables

TIA/EIA568-B.2 cables




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Attenuation/Insertion Loss


568-B.2.1Category 6Class E

1,05*(1,9108*sqrt(f)+0,0222*f+0,2/sqrt(f))+4*0,04*sqrt(f) 4dB min

1,05*(1,82*sqrt(f)+0,0169*f+0,25/sqrt(f))+4*0,02*sqrt(f))4dB min.

1,02*(1,967*sqrt(f)+0,023*f+0,2/sqrt(f))+4*0,04*sqrt(f))

1,02*(1,808*sqrt(f)+0,017*f+0,2/sqrt(f))+4*0,02*sqrt(f)) + 0,0003*f1.5

3dB min.

0

5

10

1520

25

30

35

40

1 10 100 1000

Frequency (MHz)

dBChannel

Class D/Cat. 5e

Class E/Cat. 6

f dB16 9,1

100 24,0

dB9,124,0

Class D Cat. 5e

f dB16 8,3

100 21,7

dB8,021,3

Class E Cat. 6

200 31,7 31,5250 35,9 36,0




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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PL Requirements Summary


NEXTPS NEXT

PS ACRACR

ELFEXT PS ELFEXT







Harmonized1,3 Harmonized1,3


HarmonizedHarmonized Harmonized

Harmonized


Harmonized HarmonizedHarmonized Harmonized





NEXT2,3

PSNEXT2,3NEXT2,3

PSNEXT2,3

Not harmonized Not harmonized

Parameter ISO/IEC and EN 568-B.1Category 5eClass D (2002)


NOTE 1: 3dB get-out clause in ISO/IEC and ENNOTE 2: 4dB get-out clause in ISO/IEC and ENNOTE 3: TO-CP get-out clause in EN 50173 6MP

SpecifiedChannelChannel

SpecifiedChannelChannel

Other parameters Length Not specified Not specified




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Maximum PL Models

PP CP TO

90 metres

ISO/IEC and EN

PP CP TO

90 metres

ANSI/TIA/EIA

IEC/EN cables

TIA/EIA568-B.2 cables




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Return Loss

568-A Addendum 5 568-B.1Category 5eCategory 5e

17-7log(f/20), 17,0 dB max. 19-10log(f/20), 19,0 dB max.

0

5

10

1520

25

30

35

40

1 10 100

Frequency (MHz)

dB

568-B.1 requirementsare significantly more stringent

568-A-5

568-B.1

PL




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Attenuation/Insertion Loss


568-B.2.1Category 6Class E

0,9*(1,9108*sqrt(f)+0,0222*f+0,2/sqrt(f))+3*0,04*sqrt(f) 4dB min

0,9*(1,82*sqrt(f)+0,0169*f+0,25/sqrt(f))+4*0,02*sqrt(f))4dB min.

0,9*(1,967*sqrt(f)+0,023*f+0,2/sqrt(f))+3*0,04*sqrt(f))

0,9*(1,808*sqrt(f)+0,017*f+0,2/sqrt(f))+3*0,02*sqrt(f)) + 0,00015*f1.5

3dB min.

0

5

10

1520

25

30

35

40

1 10 100 1000

Frequency (MHz)

dBMaximum PL

Class D/Cat. 5e

Class E/Cat. 6

f dB16 7,7

100 20,4

dB7,921,0

Class D Cat. 5e

f dB16 7,0

10027,1

dB7,1

27,4

Class E Cat. 6

20018,5 18,6

250 30,7 31,1




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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CP Link Requirements Summary


NEXTPS NEXT

PS ACRACR

ELFEXT PS ELFEXT







Parameter ISO/IEC and EN 568-B.1Category 5eClass D (2002)


NOTE 1: 4dB get-out clause in ISO/IEC and EN

Not specified Not specified

PLPL

PL

PLPL

PLLength dependent

Length dependentLength dependentLength dependent

ChannelChannel

Length dependentLength dependentLength dependent

ChannelChannel

NEXT1

PSNEXT1 PSNEXT1NEXT1

Length dependent

PL++PL++

PL++PL++




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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CP Link Model

PP CP TO

L metres

ISO/IEC and EN

IEC/EN cables



PP

CP TO

CC WA

TEST INTERFACES




Introduction

AGENDA





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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Channel and Link Test LimitsTest Equipment LimitationsISO/EN Length DependenciesISO/EN Return LossISO/EN NEXT/PSNEXTISO/EN Outstanding Items




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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Channel and Link Test Limits

ISO/IEC and EN

Channel

ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-BDesign independent

Fixed limitDesign independent

Fixed limit

Permanent Link Design dependentFixed maximum implementation limit

Design independentFixed limit

CP Link No specified limitsDesign dependentFixed maximum implementation limit

Complex requirement-

Difficult to verify

Simple requirement-

Inadequate QA

PP

TO

Note 1: CP cable may have different attenuation

PP CP

TO

C1H

H

PP PP

B

PP CP

H




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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Theoretical Link Limits - I


PP PP


PP

CP TO

Permanent link


PP

CP

CP link

Configuration A

PP

TO


Configuration B

Configuration C

Configuration D

Test interface x Test interface y

-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+N*10^(function of log(f)))-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+N*10^(function of log(f)))

Channel + 2 dBFormulae taking the form

-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+n*10^(function of log(f)))-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+n*10^(function of log(f)))

n = 2 for Configurations A, B and D, n = 3 for Configuration C

NEXTPSNEXT

Return loss

ELFEXTPSELFEXT

N = 1 for Configurations A, B and DN = 1 for Configuration C at “Test interface x” and N=2 at “Test interface y”




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Theoretical Link Limits - II


PP PP


PP

CP TO

Permanent link


PP

CP

CP link

Configuration A

PP

TO


Configuration B

Configuration C

Configuration D


Formulae taking the form(L/100)*(0,534+0,036/sqrt(f)) + n*0,0025Propagation delay

(L/100)*0,045 + n*0,00125Delay skewn = 2 for Configurations A, B and D, n = 3 for Configuration C

L = LPL + LCPLPL = length of fixed cable (m), LCP = length of CP cord (where present) (m)




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

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Theoretical Link Limits - III


PP PP


PP

CP TO

Permanent link


PP

CP

CP link

Configuration A

PP

TO


Configuration B

Configuration C

Configuration D


(L/100)*22 + n*0,4 d.c. loop resistance(L/100)*(A*sqrt(f)+B*f+C/sqrt(f)) + n*D*sqrt(f)Insertion loss/attenuation

Formulae taking the form

n = 2 for Configurations A, B and D, n = 3 for Configuration C3%d.c. resistance unbalance Within a pair

L = LPL + LCP*YLPL = length of fixed cable (m), LCP = length of CP cord (where present) (m)

Y = the ratio of CP cable attenuation (dB/m) to fixed horizontal cable attenuation (dB/m)




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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Test Equipment Limitations

TEST EQUIPMENT CANNOT MEASURE LENGTH TEST EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERSDO NOT WANT TO INCREASE LIMIT COMPLEXITY

TEST EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERSFEAR

“FAILS”

CONFIGURATION-DEPENDENT LIMITS

MULTIPLE ATTENUATION VALUES(Y in Configuration C)

NO

NO




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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ISO/EN Length DependenciesFormulae taking the form

(L/100)*(0,534+0,036/sqrt(f)) + n*0,0025Propagation delay(L/100)*0,045 + n*0,00125Delay skew

L = LPL + LCPLPL = length of fixed cable (m), LCP = length of CP cord (where present) (m)

(L/100)*22 + n*0,4 d.c. loop resistance(L/100)*(A*sqrt(f)+B*f+C/sqrt(f)) + n*D*sqrt(f)Insertion loss/attenuation

n = 2 for Configurations A, B and D, n = 3 for Configuration C3%d.c. resistance unbalance Within a pair

L = LPL + LCP*YLPL = length of fixed cable (m), LCP = length of CP cord (where present) (m)

Y = the ratio of CP cable attenuation (dB/m) to fixed horizontal cable attenuation (dB/m)

Where the maximum lengths of channel components to be added to the link are known and specified for the cabling,the margin between the measured value of ……. and the channel limits shall exceed the total ……. of:

• the specified maximum lengths of cords used to create the channel;• the specified maximum lengths of additional cables/connections, where appropriate, used to create the channel.

FCD ISO/IEC 11801 (N739) contains a practical alternative

A practical method of meeting this requirement is to demonstrate that the margin between the measured value andthe channel limits are adequate to accommodate any additional cabling components used to create the channel.

An improved wording is proposed for EN 50173 3MV




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ISO/EN Return Loss

For configuration C ….. close proximity of TO and CP connections can ….FAIL

Such results are compliant provided that:a) the measured link values at test interface “y”, and a complete channel, comply with the channel requirementsorb) a complete channel complies with the channel requirements.

-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+N*10^(function of log(f)))-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+N*10^(function of log(f)))




NEXTPSNEXT

Return loss

ELFEXTPSELFEXT

N = 1 for Configurations A, B and DN = 1 for Configuration C at “Test interface x” and N=2 at “Test interface y”

CP TOPP


EN 50173 6MP contains Configuration C get-out clause




Introduction

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EN NEXT/PSNEXT

For configuration C ….. close proximity of TO and CP connections can ….FAIL

Such results are compliant provided that the measured link values at test interface “y” comply with the channelrequirements.

-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+10^(function of log(f)))-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+10^(function of log(f)))




NEXTPSNEXT

Return loss

ELFEXTPSELFEXT

CP TOPP


EN 50173 6MP contains Configuration C get-out clause




Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

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ISO/EN Outstanding Items


PP PP


PP

CP TO

Permanent link


PP

CP

CP link

Configuration A

PP

TO


Configuration B

Configuration C

Configuration D


-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+10^(function of log(f)))-20*log(10^(-0,05*(function of log(f))+10^(function of log(f)))




NEXTPSNEXT

Return loss

ELFEXTPSELFEXT




Introduction

AGENDA





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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time

Copper: the “real world”

Implementation RulesChannel DesignAttenuation and Delay Skew




Introduction

AGENDA





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OTDR vs. LSPM

Break

ConclusionsClose

Question Time


PP CP

TO

CC

FD

WA

100 metres max.

No. of connections2

3 inc. CP4

H = (106-31-FX-CY)/TH = (105-FX-CY)/TH = (107-FX-CY)/T

H = (109-FX)/T3 w/o. CP H = (107-FX)/T

H = (107-31-FX)/TH = (106-31-FX)/T

H = (106-31-FX-CY)/TH = (105-31-FX-CY)/T H = (105-41-FX-CY)/T

H = (106-31-FX)/TH = (107-21-FX)/T

Class D/Category 5 Class E/Category 6 Class F/Category 7

T = 1 + (t-20) x α where t = maximum design temperature within link

α = 0.2 for t>20oC = 0.4 for 20oC<t<40oC= 0.6 for 40oC<t<60oC


Note 1: this length reduction is provides margin for insertion loss deviation.

C

F1 F2

F = F1 + F2 X = cord attenuation premiumY = CP cable attenuation premium (if any)

X and Y 1.5 typically 1.2 typically

90 metres max.

H, 15 metres min.

ISO/IEC and EN




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Channel Design


PPCC PP CC


PP

CP TO

CC WA

Maximum lengths, X and Y to be defined by designer

Where the maximum lengths of channel components to be added to the link are known and specified for the cabling,the margin between the measured value of ……. and the channel limits shall exceed the total ……. of:

• the specified maximum lengths of cords used to create the channel;• the specified maximum lengths of additional cables/connections, where appropriate, used to create the channel.

Margin statementsindicate that only

attenuation/insertionloss and delay skewneed to be checked.




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Attenuation and Delay Skew

The highest measured attenuation/insertion loss occurs at the highestmeasurement frequency.

The test equipment will have to report the margin between themeasured value and the channel limit at:• 100 MHz for Class D compliance;• 250 MHz for Class E compliance.

The installer has to check that the margin is acceptable.

Class EClass DConnection 0,2 dB 0,32 dBSolid cable 0,21 dB/m 0,33 dB/m

Stranded cable0,25 dB/m 0,40 dB/mUnscreened cable0,32 dB/m 0,50 dB/mScreened cable

ATTENUATION/INSERTION LOSS

DELAY SKEW

Delay skew is constant with frequency The installer has to check that the margin is acceptable.

Class EClass DConnection 1,25 ns

Cable 0,45 ns/m




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Introduction

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OTDR vs. LSPM

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Lunch




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OF - Testing Philosophies

Reference PointsGeneral ImplementationsThe Alternative ApproachesTesting RegimesLSPM Test Methods

Cabling ConfigurationsGlossary

Configuration A

Impact of Incorrect Methods

Test Methods

Configuration BConfiguration C

LSPM Measurement Accuracy




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Reference Points

Channel

PP

PP

Link

Mated connectionPP Patch panel




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General Implementations

Channel

PP

PP

Link

FP FP

Link

Mated connectionPP Patch panelFP Free plug

FPPP

Link




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The Alternative Approaches

“Channel” approach

APPLICATION

Optical power budget (dB)

850nmMMF SMF

1300nm 1310nmISO/IEC 8802-3: 10BASE-FL/FB 12,5 (6,8)ISO/IEC 8802-5: TR 4/16 Mbit/s 13,0 (8,0)

CD 14165-1: Fibre Channel-1062 6,04,0

ISO/IEC 9314-3 FDDI 11,0 (6,0)ISO/IEC DIS 9314-4 FDDI 10,0

ISO/IEC 8802-3: 100BASE-FX 11,0 (6,0)

IEEE 802-3: 1000BASE-SX 2,6 (3,56)IEEE 802-3: 1000BASE-LX 2,35 5,0

TR 100 Mbit/s 11,0 (6,0)

“Overall loss” approach

“Component loss” approach

x dB z dBy dBMaximum values

x dB z dBy dBMaximum values

< x dB < z dB< y dBActual values

Link < (x + y + z) dBActual value




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Testing RegimesTEST REGIME TEST TOOLTESTING APPROACHITEMS UNDER TEST

OTDR

LSPMOverall loss

Component LSPM

ComponentCablesComponent Acceptance

Cords

Links and channelsLegacy Cabling Acceptance

LSPMOverall loss

Component OTDR

Installed Cabling Acceptance Links and channels

LSPMOverall loss

Component OTDR

Fault Diagnosis Links and channels Component OTDR

Partial Completion Tests Links Component OTDR




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LSPM Test MethodsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

EUROPEAN STANDARDS BRITISH STANDARDS

ISO/IEC11801 Ed.2 (2002)

EN (future BS EN)50173 Ed.2 (2002)

BS7718 (1996)

US STANDARDSANSI/TIA/EIA

568B.1 (2001)

Multimode SinglemodeANSI/TIA/EIA526-14-A

ANSI/TIA/EIA526-7-A

Multimode SinglemodeIEC

61280-4-1IEC

61280-4-2

Multimode SinglemodeIEC

61280-4-2

EN (future BS EN)50346 (2002)

Multimode Singlemode




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LSPM Test Method GlossaryTITLEARENA REFERENCE

IEC 61280-4-1

IEC 61280-4-2

EN 50346

TIA/EIA 526-14-A

TIA/EIA 526-7

OFSTP-14A Optical Power Loss Measurement of Installed Multimode FiberCable Plant (ANSI/TIA/EIA-526-14A-98)

OFSTP-7 Measurement of Optical Power Loss of Installed Single-Mode FiberCable Plant (ANSI/TIA/EIA-526-7-98)

Fibre optic communication subsystem basic test procedures -Part 4-1: Fibre optic cable plant - Multimode fibre optic cable plant attenuation

Fibre optic communication subsystem basic test procedures -Part 4-2: Fibre optic cable plant - Single-mode fibre optic cable plant attenuation

Information Technology - Testing of installed cabling




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Cabling Configurations

Channel

PP

PP

Link

Configuration A

Configuration C

FP FP

Link

FPPP

Link

Configuration B

Configuration B




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Configuration A Test MethodMated connection

PP Patch panelFP Free plug

Reference measurement P0

LS S PMD

Launch cord

LS S

Launch cord Test measurement P1

PMD

Tail cordLink under test

PP

PP

Link

Configuration A

Loss = P1 - P0 (dB)

MMF: not applicable

SMF: IEC 61280-4-2 Method 1.A

MMF: EN 50346 Method 1


MMF: ….-526-14-A Method B

SMF: ….-526-7 Method A.1

BS 7718: Configuration A

Measured loss




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Configuration B Test MethodMated connection


LS S


PMD


Loss = P1 - P0 (dB)

MMF: not applicable

SMF: IEC 61280-4-2 Method 1.C



MMF: ….-526-14-A Method C

SMF: ….-526-7

BS 7718: Configuration B

LS S

Launch cord Reference measurement P0

PMD

Tail cordDummy cord

FP FP

Link

Configuration B

Measured loss




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Configuration C Test MethodMated connection


LS S


PMD


Loss = P1 - P0 (dB)

MMF: not applicable

SMF: IEC 61280-4-2 Method 1.B

MMF: ….-526-14-A Method A

SMF: ….-526-7

BS 7718: Configuration C

LS S


PMD

Tail cord

Configuration C

FPPP

Link

Measured loss




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Impact of Incorrect MethodsINSTALLED LINK RESULTMETHOD APPLIED

CONFIGURATION A

CONFIGURATION BCONFIGURATION A

CONFIGURATION C LOW BY 1 CONNECTION

LOW BY 2 CONNECTIONS

CORRECT

CONFIGURATION A

CONFIGURATION BCONFIGURATION B

CONFIGURATION C

HIGH BY 2 CONNECTIONS

CORRECT

HIGH BY 1 CONNECTION

CONFIGURATION A

CONFIGURATION BCONFIGURATION C

CONFIGURATION C


CORRECT

LOW BY 1 CONNECTION

INSTALLED CHANNEL RESULTMETHOD APPLIED

CONFIGURATION A

CONFIGURATION BCONFIGURATION B

CONFIGURATION C

HIGH BY 2 CONNECTIONS

CORRECT


All measurements are subject to the fundamental accuracy of the technique




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−=

2

1

210log10

ddLossd2d1

CORE

CORE

CORE

NA1 NA2

dx

dB from large core to small core(0 dB from small to large)

dB from large NA to small NA(0 dB from small to large)

−=

2

1

210log10

NANALoss

−

−= −

dxe

xdeLoss

π2tan

901log10 1

10

5.02

1

−=

dxe

dB in both directions




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−=

2

10 5347log10Loss4753CORE

CORE

CORE

NA = 0.215 NA = 0.185

50 µm2 µm

= -1.04 dB

−=

2

10 215.0185.0log10Loss

Loss

= -1.30 dB

= -0.47 dB

Applied statisticsand

real manufacturing tolerances

suggestcombined value

< -0.35 dB per joint

Measurement accuracy of LSPM systems = 0.7 dB plus other mismatches




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Duplex and SFF Testing

Duplex Cabling

Duplex Test Equipment

Uni-Directional Test EquipmentConfiguration A

General Test Methods

SFF Connections

Configuration AConfiguration B

Specific Test Methods

Bi-Directional Test EquipmentChannel

Configuration A

Configuration AChannel

Specific Test Methods

The Importance of Cords




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Duplex Cabling

Channel

PP

PP

Link

Configuration A

Configuration C

FP FP

Link

FPPP

Link

Configuration B

Configuration B





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Configuration A Test MethodMated connection



LS S PMD

Launch cord

LS S


PMD


PP

PP

Link

Configuration A

Loss = P1 - P0 (dB)

MMF: not applicable




MMF: ….-526-14-A Method B

SMF: ….-526-7 Method A.1

BS 7718: Configuration A

Measured loss




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Configuration B Test MethodMated connection


LS S


PMD


Loss = P1 - P0 (dB)

MMF: not applicable




MMF: ….-526-14-A Method C

SMF: ….-526-7

BS 7718: Configuration B

LS S


PMD

Tail cordDummy cord

FP FP

Link

Configuration B

Measured loss




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Duplex Test Equipment

LS S PMDS D

EQUIPMENT TYPE EQUIPMENT TYPE

Uni-directional duplex

Bi-directional duplexLSPM S LSPMD

D S

Link testing rulesConfiguration A: test as channelConfiguration B: OKConfiguration C: test as channel

Channel tests: OK

Link testing rulesConfiguration A: OKConfiguration B: OKConfiguration C: OK

Channel tests: OK

GENERAL RULES




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Link Configuration A Test - IMated connection


PP

PP

Link

Configuration A

Reference measurement P01/ P02

LS S PMD

Launch cord

S D

LS S

Launch cord Test measurement P11/P12

PMD


S D

Lossx = P1x - P0x (dB)

Measured loss

UNI-DIRECTIONAL LSPM




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Link Configuration A Test - IIMated connection


PP

PP

Link

Configuration A


LSPM S LSPMD

Cord A

D S

LSPM S

Cord A

Test measurement P11

LSPMD

Cord BLink under test

D S



Test measurement P12 will be influenced by removal of Cord A from RH LSPMUnless LSPM guarantees that coupled power into Cord B is the same as Cord A, measurement error may occur

Loss1 = P11 - P01 (dB), Loss2 <=> P12 - P02 (dB)

BI-DIRECTIONAL LSPM




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Channel Test

Ref. measurement P01

LSPM S LSPMDD S

LSPM S

Cord A


LSPMD


D S



Cord A Cord BDummy cord


Measured loss

BI-DIRECTIONAL LSPM


FP FP

Link

Configuration B




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Link Configuration A Test


LSPM S LSPMDD S

LSPM S

Cord A

LSPMD


D S




Measured lossTest measurement P11


BI-DIRECTIONAL LSPM


PP

PP

Link

Configuration A

Short channel

cords

Short channel

cords




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SFF Connections

Mating dimensions and gauging of TO connection IEC 60874-19-1 SC Duplex

ConnectionMultimode OF Singlemode OF

AllAttenuation (dB max)

Return loss (dB min)Splice

95%<0,5100%<0,75 100%<0,3

Wavelength

95%<0,5100%<0,75 100%<0,3

All 20dB NA 35dB NAConnection Splice

ISO/IEC 11801 Ed. 2 (2002)

BS EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)

EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)

2nd CDV: Document N696

6MP Document

IT CABLING STANDARDS




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SFF Connections

ISO/IEC 11801 Ed. 2 (2002)

BS EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)

EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)


6MP Document


Mating dimensions and gauging of TO connection IEC 60874-19-1 SC Duplex

ConnectionMultimode OF Singlemode OF

AllAttenuation (dB max)

Return loss (dB min)Splice

95%<0,5100%<0,75 100%<0,3

Wavelength

95%<0,5100%<0,75 100%<0,3

All 20dB NA 35dB NAConnection Splice

Requirements for areas other than the telecommunications outlet

The optical fibre connectors used shall meet the requirements ..., with exception of the physical dimensions.... In areasother than the work area, the choice of connecting hardware is open to all types of optical fibre connectors standardizedby IEC.

When high density is an important consideration …………….. Small Form Factor connector designs that accommodate atleast two fibres within the footprint of an EN 60603-7 connector are recommended.

However, where detail specifications produced by IEC or CENELEC in accordance with requirements of …. do not existthen assurance should be sought from suppliers that the combinations of components within connecting hardwareare able to meet the optical and mechanical requirements of this clause.




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Symmetric and Asymmetric

Symmetric Interface

Asymmetric Interface

Asymmetric Interface

x y




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Configuration A Link Testing

Reference measurement P01/ P02

LS S PMD

Launch cord

S D

y2LS S

Launch cord Test measurement P11/P12

PMD


S y2 D

Measured loss


LSPM S LSPMDD S

LSPM S

Cord A

LSPMD


D S





x2x2

x1x1

x1x1

x1x1

y1y1

x1x1

y1y1

y2y2

x2x2

UNI-DIRECTIONAL LSPM

BI-DIRECTIONAL LSPM




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Channel TestingRef. measurement P01

LSPM S LSPMDD S

LSPM S

Cord A

LSPMD

Cord B

D S


x1 x2y1

Cord A

y2

Cord BDummy cord

x1y1 x2 y2



x1y1x1y1

x2 y2x2 y2

BI-DIRECTIONAL LSPM




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The Importance of Cords

cord I.D.A B

cord I.D. B

A1

A2

cord I.D.

A1

A2

B1

B2




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Break




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Gigabit Ethernet

Optical Fibre CategoriesOptical Power BudgetsMeasurement ErrorPass/Fail Indicators




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Optical Fibre Categories

OM1 OM2 OM3 OS1

Multimode OFSinglemode OF

850nm1300nm

Attenuationcoefficient (dBkm-1 max)

3,51,5

1,01,0

850nm1300nm

Modal bandwidth OFL (MHz.km min)

200500

500500

500500

850nm1300nm

Modal bandwidth LL (MHz.km min)

ffsffs

ffsffs

2000ffs

50/125 or 62.5/125

850nm1300nm

Propagation delay (ns.m-1 max) 5

1310nm1550nm

1310nm1550nm 5

Wavelength Wavelength

ISO/IEC 11801 Ed. 2 (2002)

BS EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)

EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)


6MP Document





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Optical Fibre Categories

OM1 OM2 OM3 OS1

Multimode OFSinglemode OF

850nm1300nm

Attenuationcoefficient (dBkm-1 max)

3,51,5

1,01,0

850nm1300nm

Modal bandwidth OFL (MHz.km min)

200500

500500

1500500

850nm1300nm

Modal bandwidth LL (MHz.km min)

--

--

2000-

50/125 or 62.5/125

850nm1300nm

Propagation delay (ns.m-1 max) 5

1310nm1550nm

1310nm1550nm 5

Wavelength Wavelength

ISO/IEC 11801 Ed. 2 (2002)

BS EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)

EN 50173 Ed. 2 (2002)

FCD: Document N739

Next draft (3MV)

50/125

Legacy OF Legacy OF





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Optical Power Budgets

1610

100

Max. length (m)

OPB max. (dB)

50/125 (OM2) 62.5/125 (OM1)

850 nm

1300 nm

15141 20006.8 12.518571 20008.0 13.02000 20006.0 11.0

1000 550 2753.56 2.6850 nm1000 550 5502.35 2.351300 nm10000 82 331.80 1.60850 nm

10000 300 2.59850 nm

Max. length (m)

OPB max. (dB)

50/125 (OM3)

Token Ring4 18571 20008.0 13.0

EthernetEthernetEthernetEthernet

EthernetToken Ring

Ethernet

10000 300 3002.46 2.46CWDM/1300Ethernet

Mb/s Network λ

Application Optical Fibre

1 Calculated values using 1.5dB of connecting hardware losses




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Measurement Error

PP

PP

Link

Configuration A

99.75% spread (2 x 0.5dB + 3.0dBkm-1 x L)

99.75% spread + ME

99.75% spread - ME

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

5.0dB

4.0dB

3.0dB

2.0dB

1.0dB

-1.0dBLink length (m)

Optical loss budget




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Typical Results

-0.01

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

-0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

Link attenuation (dB)

% o

f res

ults




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Pass/Fail Indicators

Test equipment that not only

measures but also

ADJUDICATES

Application support based upon:• length (requiring the modal bandwidth of the optical fibre to be input);• measured link/channel loss.

Cabling performance against calculation of optical loss budget based upon:• number and type of joints • length;• measured link/channel loss.

PASS/FAIL INDICATORS ARE VERY SUSCEPTIBLE TO SHORT LENGTH SYNDROME

(measurement error)




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Launch Conditions

Test Cord Launch ConditionsMMF Mandrel Wrap

LASER LSPM EquipmentCladding Mode Stripping




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Test Cord Launch Conditions

n1(r)

n2

n1(r)

n2

n1(r)

n2

Reference measurementcontains unwantedcladding modes.

Test measurement readsHIGH.

Reference measurementdoes not contain allmodes.

Test measurement readsLOW.

Reference measurementdoes not containcladding modes but doescontain all modes.Test measurement readsCORRECTLY.




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MMF Mandrel Wrap

MMF: not applicable MMF: EN 50346 6MP MMF: ANSI/TIA/EIA B.1

50/12550/125

62.5/12562.5/125

25222017

50/12562.5/125

1520

5 TURNS

50/125 18

62.5/125 17

CableSCOFCableSCOF

CableSCOFCableSCOF




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Cladding Mode Stripping

Source Detector

Cladding modestripper

Cladding modestripper

Mandrel wrap and cladding mode stripper aim to present an equilibrium launch condition

MMF LAUNCH CORDCladding mode stripper

provides “core only” light to detector

MMF TAIL CORD

Removes requirement for bi-directional test




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LASER LSPM Equipment

n1(r)

n2

Reference measurement does notcontain all modes.

Test measurement reads LOW.

Test results can vary with test leadhandling.

There is an argument to suggest that MMF cabling to support LASER-based applications should be tested with LASER sources

Unless explicitly allowed and documented such equipment should not be used




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OTDR vs. LSPM

SHORT LENGTH SYNDROMEcalls LSPM measurements into question

(unless measurement error is “allowed for” in adjudication)

OTDRs can be used to assess and measure individual components(subject to appropriate techniques)

COMPONENT UP VERIFICATION MAY BECOME MORE COMMON




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FIA Documentation Update

INSTALLATION

SAFETY

DESIGNOPTICAL FIBRE CABLING: LAN APPLICATION SUPPORT GUIDE

TESTING OF INSTALLED CABLING:ATTENUATION USING LSPM EQUIPMENT

OPTICAL POWER: SAFETY LEVELS

OPTICAL FIBRE: HANDLING OF PROCESSING CHEMICALS

OPTICAL FIBRE: DISPOSAL OF WASTE

MODELLING TOOLSCABLING STRUCTURES COST MODEL

FIA-TSD-2000-1-1

FIA-TSD-2000-4-2-1

FIA-TSD-2000-5-1

FIA-TSD-2000-5-2

FIA-TSD-2000-5-3

JANUARY 2001

Revision to include mode conditioning cords and 10GBASE-xyz JANUARY 2002

JANUARY 2002

DECEMBER 2001

DECEMBER 2001

TESTING OF INSTALLED CABLING:ATTENUATION USING OTDR EQUIPMENTFIA-TSD-2000-4-2-2 mid 2002




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Conclusions

READ THE CABLING SPECIFICATION

KNOW YOUR LIMITS• which standard?

• which issue?

PLAN FOR FAILURE• can “FAIL”s be expected? • under which conditions?

• what happens next?• agree process with client

TEST CORDS - TEST CORDS TEST CORDS - TEST CORDS

UNDERSTAND THE MARGINS• undertake a channel design review• make sure the client understands it




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Close

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