Testosterone and Aggressive Behavior

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How does testoasterone effect in behavior• Men with high testosterone levels can be aggressive and can

engage in violent behavioral law? At least, the popular opinion around steroids seems to be so.

• Research on the effects of testosterone shows that it helps to stimulate competition, increase self-esteem and promote happiness. However, historically, this androgen usually has a reputation for promoting the dangerous behavioral characteristics of humans.

• At the center of many anti-crime and violence protests, people focused on singing, claiming that "the world needs less testosterone.

High Testosterone and Aggression

• High testosterone levels or elevated basal concentrations are associated with aggressive performance, while high cortisol concentrations are associated with submissive behavior. The biological balance between testosterone and cortisol is psychologically equivalent. This statement is usually supported by the role of testosterone in stimulating aggression in mammals. For this reason, casting has been practiced in animal husbandry for centuries, and the testicles are the main source of testosterone production, while the orchiectomy process is the case.

• Studies in rodents have shown that castration can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of combat, which in turn is related to testosterone. In primates like baboons, people with higher testosterone levels are generally in higher social status. This main behavior is also believed to be the result of testosterone.

Testosterone Effects on Human Behavior

• In recent decades, the effects of high testosterone on human behavior have been the focus of various studies. However, there are too many factors involved, so it is difficult to determine whether there is a direct link between high testosterone levels and aggressiveness.

• In any case, there have been many studies on the effects of excessive use of anabolic steroids on weightlifters and its role in steroid irritation. It is widely believed that violent prisoners have higher testosterone levels compared to prisoners with less violence.

• Scientists, however, believe that violence can be one of many by-products of strong biological and reproductive dominance.

• Therefore, reviewing the results so far, it can be assumed that testosterone is not the main cause of violence. Instead, it encourages individuals to seek supremacy in the social hierarchy. In addition, testosterone does not seem to be enough to promote violence.

• More and more scientific evidence shows that testosterone has a much smaller influence than other hormones and chemicals in the body. Only as their accomplices in stimulating human aggression, antisocial or status-seeking behavior.

Influence of testosterone on neural

circuit• Research investigates the effects of testosterone on brain structures involved in attack

and threat processing. There is evidence of a link between the two teenagers.

• During the study, a group of young people took medications that inhibit testosterone. Followed by placebo or testosterone to normalize their hormone levels. Then these individuals were assigned face matching tasks and their brain activity levels were examined under functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

• It was observed when angry facial expressions were observed. Men who took testosterone showed increased activity in the amygdala, hypothalamus, and gray areas around the aqueduct.

• These areas also help determine the brain's threat response and advance the fly-to-fight decision-making process. In return, they are affected by fear and aggression. Men who took placebo had much lower responsiveness in these areas.

• Although studies have shown that testosterone has a profound effect on neural circuits related to human aggression and threat processing. This result is consistent with men taking testosterone only once.

Effects of testosterone based on personality

• In a recent study on the link between testosterone and male behavioral aggression, scientists determined that the subject's responsiveness to elevated testosterone levels is also affected by personality and genetic factors.

• The role of testosterone• Each person’s personality characteristics, baseline testosterone level and DNA were extracted from

personality questionnaires, saliva and mouthwash samples.

• Then, the participants were given a testosterone stimulating nasal gel or a placebo, and paired to play a decision game. Provide participants with personal interview questions and show the answers to their partners.

• In the next stage, they ask to participate in a decision-making game where you can steal points from others. The game is designed to measure the behavioral attacks caused by stealing points.

• The researchers also asked participants what they thought of the game and their partners. Most interestingly, the subjects were asked whether they were angry at any stage to gain insight into this ancient question: Does high testosterone cause anger?

• The results show that men with higher dominance are related to higher independent self-construction and lower self-discipline. These people are considered to have dangerous personality traits and may be aggressive due to high doses of testosterone.

Testosterone and aggression in females

• Most experts on this subject believe that this time there is too little research to fully determine the neural mechanisms that promote female aggression.

• Studies have shown that the degree of influence and indirect correlation of testosterone on female aggression is the same as that of men. The effect of cortisol on female aggressiveness remains unclear. Some evidence suggests that women with higher testosterone levels and lower cortisol levels may exhibit more aggressive behavior.

• However, in another study, it has been observed to promote only higher testosterone levels. When women think they are being treated unfairly in negotiations.

• The researchers randomly chose testosterone and administered it to some women. A placebo was also made available to other women in the study group. However, some women who received testosterone told them that they were given a placebo. Some people who received a placebo said it was testosterone.

Bottom-Line• Most studies have shown that the effects of

testosterone alone on human aggression is inconclusive. However, in promoting the same behavioral characteristics of men and women, androgens may be the periphery of other highly effective hormones.

• In addition, testosterone seems to have a great effect on the promotion of male dominant behavior. Although some species may react in a radical way to establish their dominance. In accordance with social protocols, people are more likely to practice non-aggressive ways to demonstrate this behavior.

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