text to greek philosophy

8/17/2019 Text to Greek Philosophy

1/132


2/132

EX

BiBLIOTHECA

FRANCES

A.

YATES

|


3/132


4/132


5/132

Texts to illustrate

a Course of

Elementary Lectures

on

the

History

of

Greek

Philosophy


6/132


7/132

Texts

to

illustrate

a

Course

of

Elementary

Lectures

on

the

History

of

Greek

Philosophy

from

Thales

to

Aristotle

,

MeN

tinac

AgIac,

oi Ae

reNece^i

'

reroNAciN

London

Macmillan

and

Co.,

Limited

New

York

:

The

Macmillan

Company

190

I


8/132


9/132

TO MANY

FRIENDS

tuhose

questions^ criticisms^

mid

suggestions,

have

helped

and

encouraged

ine in the

past,

I dedicate

this

compilation,

prepared

for

the use

of

their successors

in

the

lectuj^e-room

of

Trinity

College.

HENR Y

J

A

CKSON.

3

I

filly

1

90

1

«


10/132


11/132

PEEFACE

Under

regulations

recently

made

by the

Senate

of the

University

of

Cambridge

for

Part

I

of

the

Classical

Tripos

Examination,

short

passages illustrative

of

Greek and

Eoman

philosophy

will,

after

1902,

be set

for

translation

and

comment.

In

order that

candidates for

this ex-

amination

who

attend my lectures may have before them

the

passages

which

I

shall

discuss or refer to, I

have

prepared

this

volume

of

selected

texts.

I

have

however

included in

it,

together

with

the

passages

required

for

my

primary

purpose,

some

others,

likely to be

of

use

to

any

of

my hearers who,

later

in their

Academic

career,

may

make

a

more exact

study

of

the

subject.

In preparing

the

paragraphs

which

represent

the

Prae-

platonics,

I

have

made

frequent use

of

the

Historia

Fhilosophiae

Graecae

of

H.

Ritter

and

L.

Preller.

It is

a

pleasure

to

me

to

have

here

an

opportunity

of

expressing

the

sincere

gratitude

which

I

have

long

felt,

both

to

the

authors

of

this

work,

and

to

its

present

editor,

Ed.

Wellmann,

whose

labours

have

made

the

recent

editions

indispensable

to

all

serious

students

of

early

Greek

philosophy.

In

the

chapter

on

Plato,

my

method

has

been

to

select

from

each

of

the

principal

dialogues

a

passage

or

passages

which

will

give

me

an

opportunity

of

explaining

what

I

suppose

to

be

that

dialogue's

contribution

to

the

system.


12/132

viii

TEXTS

FOR LECTURES ON

GREEK

PHILOSOPHY

In

the

chapter

on Aristotle,

I

have drawn

for

the most

part

upon

certain

of the

more

important

philosophical

treatises

:

and,

as

far as

my limitations permitted,

I

have

tried

to

secure

continuity

of

exposition.

The

excerpts

from

the organon

do

not

pretend

to represent

the treatises

from

which they

are taken

:

they are added

because

they

will

be

wanted

for

reference.

Paragraphs

about

the

ethics are introduced in the hope

that they

will

help

students

who

are

reading

that instructive treatise

for

the

first

time, to

undei'stand

its

scope

and

to follow

its

argument.

In

my

lectures,

and

therefore in

this

compendium,

my

aim

is, not

so

much to record

the details of

Greek

philo-

sophical systems,

as

rather to

trace

the

development

of

Greek philosophical thought.

On

this

subject,

quot homines

tot

sententiae : and I acknowledge

that I have views

of

my

own.

The

passages

which I

have chosen are

however, for

the most

part, such

as

would

be

generally

acknowledged

to

be important

:

and it is conceivable that

my

selection,

though

made with

a view

to

the

exposition

of

particular

interpretations, should

provide texts for

teachers

who

have

no

sympathy

with

my

heresies.

In the hope

that

my

little book

may

be

useful

in this w^ay,

I

\^nture to

publish

what

I had originally intended for

private

circulation only.

H. J.

Trinity

College,

Cambridge

21

September 1901.


13/132

CONTENTS

Section

1-3

•

Introductory

I The

Ionian

Monists

5

Thales

6-8

Anaximander

9-11

Anaximenes

12-18

Heracleitiis

II The

Pythagoreans

19-21

III

The

Eleatic

Monists

23,

24

Xenophanes

25-30

Parmenides

31,

32

Zeno

11

12

12

15

IV

The

Pluralists

33-38

Empedocles

.

39-42

Anaxagoras

.

43-47

Leucippiis

and

Democritus

18

21

24


14/132

TEXTS

FOR

LECTURES ON GREEK PHILOSOPHY

V The

Sophists

Section

Page

48

.

.

. .

.

.28

49

Protagoras,

Hippias

.

.

.

.

.29

50

Gorgias

.

.

. .

.

.29

51

Thrasymachus

. .

.

.

.30

52

Euthydemus

and Dionysodorus .

. .30

53

Isocrates .

. . .

.

.31

VI

Socrates

and

Minor

Socratics

54-58

Socrates

.....

59,

GO

Aristippus

.....

61,

62

Antisthenes

....

63

Eucleides

and Eubulides

64

Stilpo

.....

65

Phaedo

and Menedemiis

VII

Plato and the Old

Academy

66

Euthypliro

....

41

67

Me^io

....

41

68,

69

Phaedrus

....

42

70

symposium

....

44

71-74

republic

....

45

75,

76

Phaedo

.... 49

77-83

Parmenides

51

84-86

Philehus

....

55

87

Theaetetus

....

57

88-92

sophist

....

58

93

politicus

....

62

94-100 Timaeus

....

63

101

laws

....

68

102,

103

Aristotelian

evidence

69

104-106

Speusippus

and

Xenocrates

.

. 71

107

The

Old

Academy

.

73

36

37

38

39

39


15/132

CONTENTS

xi

VIII

Aristotle

Section

Pa.re

108-114 metaphysica

.

.

.

.

.74

115-121

metaphysica

.

.

.

.

.80

122,

123

de generatione

et corruptione

.

.

.

.86

124-129

de

anima

.

.

. .

.

.88

130-132

categoriae

.

.

.

.

.94

133-137

analytica

priora

.

.

.

.

.95

138

analytica

posteriora

. .

. .

.98

139-141

topica

.

.

.

.

. .99

142-149

ethica Nicomachea

.

.

. .

.102

150

politica

.

.

.

,

.

.110


16/132


17/132

1-3]

INTRODUCTOEY

1

Diogenes

Laertius l

1

2

^

^

vOayopa^

kavrov

.

. . .

yap

elvaL

[]

'

.

Plato

symposium

203

ovSeU

'

9

jeveaOat'

'

ovV

el

rt?

aXko


18/132

2

TEXTS FOR

LECTURES

ON

GREEK PHILOSOPHY

[3

,

6

, 6\

-

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,

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,

irepLiraTetv

{jyieoa.

Compare

A

3.

983a24

and

sphysica

2.

194

b

23.


19/132

6]

I

THE

IONIAN

MONISTS

4

Aristotle

metaphysica

A

3.

983

b

7

iv

etSet

^

elvai,

yap

,

^^

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5

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5

Plutarch

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3

6\

Thales

^

^

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5

.

iogenes

Laertius

23

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.

8

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Aristotle

metaphysica

A

3.

983b20

&

6

[cf.

§

4]

[sc.

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/

.

6

Simplicius

in

physica

^' /cat

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J

^

^


20/132

4

TEXTS

FOR

LECTURES

ON

GREEK PHILOSOPHY

[

'

aireipov

^

'^

y,

,

ypv ,

35

.

8

Aristotle jpliysica

A

4. 187

a

20

ol

'

\

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21/132

12]

ANAXIMANDER,

ANAXIMENES,

HERACLEITUS

5

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6

TEXTS

FOR

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ON GREEK

PHILOSOPHY [l2

,

'

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de

EI 8

6

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23/132

18]

HERACLEITUS

7

,

*

,

ovSe

Vi^dSj^'

'

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avvayec,

Be

ovBe

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'

,

3

16

Heracleitus,

Heracleitiis

allegoriae

Homericae

24

re

-

,

6

.

Plutarch

consolatio

ad Apolloniwn

10

y

,

evi

,

-

Jopb

,

veov

^

'yap

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Heracleitus,

Sextus

Empiricus

VII

126

'^

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-

].

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17

Heracleitus,

Stobaeus

florilcgium

ill

84

.

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yap

'

yap

2

7yvea.

'

Sextus Empiricus

133

Bib

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·

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fa.^v*


24/132

8 TEXTS

FOR

LECTURES

ON GREEK

PHILOSOPHY

[l8

BoKei,

%6',

,

elvai

he

erepov

,

ovnrep

.

35

8€


25/132

20]

II

THE

PYTHAGOREANS

19

Aristotle

metapliysica

A

.

985

b

23

iv he

irpo

ol

^

llvOayopeLOL

,

iv

-^-»·*

·


26/132

10

TEXTS

FOR LECTURES

ON GREEK

PHILOSOPHY

[20

,

irap

Xojov

yap iyeveTO

cvAM^tjQ*^*^

^^

yepovTi

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22]

III

THE

ELEATIC MONISTS

22

Aristotle

metapliysica

A

.

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b

9

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Tive


28/132

12

TEXTS

FOR

LECTURES

ES

ON

GREEK

PHILOSOPHY

[23

Xenophanes

23

Xenophanes

'

r.

·

'

,

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26] XENOPHANES,

PARMENIDES

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32

Xevaae

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30/132

14 TEXTS FOR

LECTURES

ON GREEK

PHILOSOPHY

[27

27

Plato

sophist

2-44

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31]

PARMENIDES,

ZENO

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32/132

16

TEXTS

FOR

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PHILOSOPHY

[31

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33/132

32]

ZENO

17

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7€

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[33

THE

PLURALISTS

Empedocles

33

Sextus Empiricus

VII

123

Se

[sc. 'EyLtTre-

8\

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-

<

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EMPEDOCLES

jg

'

'

^

,l....v,,r,.

',

aveXiaOac

if

6,

^Xio,

el^relv

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^poiac

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\\

yhp

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6

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20

s

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^

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pvKe

voec

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36

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333

2

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de

sensu

7

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25

[sc.

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]

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Usener

],

'

so

.

ristotle

de

anima

3.

427

a

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36/132

20

TEXTS

FOR

LECTURES

ON

GREEK PHILOSOPHY

[36

36

Empedocles

^''

'

€

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elvac

61

,

'

ifKeov etvat.

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EMPEDOCLES,

ANAXAGORAS

r

,

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eTrrjei

Imj

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38/132

22

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[39

,

[codd.

aXXo)?]

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ovre

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aWa

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physica

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fr.

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42]

ANAXAGORAS

23

'

^

re

,

vLyeaL·

.

1

Diogenes

Laertius

6

.

. .

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Trj

€7€6,

^^^

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s

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8€€.

/

Anaxagoras,

Simplicius

in

physica

33 ,

35''

fr.

8

,

,

V

el

yap

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,

l

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ev

yap

eveaTiv,

ev

XeKefCTai,

eyeva,

''

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yap

is

yvv

y

yLov,

y

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,

.

,

[codd. ']

^-^^^

,

.

yev

eyv

.

,

, ,

,

25

6

.

-

.

.

.

.

.

'

,

.

35

42

Plato

FJiaedo

97

'

,

,

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40/132

24

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FOR

LECTURES ON GREEK

PHILOSOPHY

[42

\€<

iarlv

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44]

LEUCIPPUS

AND

DEMOCRITUS

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Kevov,

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Be

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yap

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42/132

26

TEXTS

FOR


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81/132

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postcriora

17 Platonis

autem

auctoritate,

qui

uarius

et

multiplex

et

copiosus

fuit,

una

et

coDsentiens

duobus

uocabulis

philosophiae

forma

instituta

est,

Acaclemicorum

et

Peripateticorum,

qui rebus

cougruentes

nominibus

differebant.

.

. .

ita

facta

est,

quod

minime

Socrates

probabat,

ars

quaedam

philosophiae

et

rerum

ordo

et

descriptio

disciplinae.

quae

quidem

erat

primo

duobus,

ut

dixi,

nominibus

una

;

nihil

enim

inter

Peripateticos

et

illam

ueterem

Academiam

differebat.

22

communis

haec ratio

et

utrisque

hie

bonorum

finis

uidebatur,

adipisci,

quae

essent

prima

natura

quaeque ipsa

per

sese

expetenda,

aut

omnia

aut maxima

: ea sunt autem

maxima,

quae

in

ipso

animo

atque

in

ipsa

uirtute

uersantur.

itaque

omnis

ilia

antiqua

philosophia

sensit

in

una

uirtute

esse

positam

beatam uitam,

nec tamen

beatissimam,

nisi

adiungerentur

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dicta sunt,

ad

uirtutis

usum

idonea.

ex hac

descriptione

agendi

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aliquid in

uita

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ipsius initium

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erat

in conseruatione earum

rerum quas natura

praescriberet.

hinc

gignebatur

fuga desidiae uoluptatumque

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34

Speusippus autem et

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auctoritatemque

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eos

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Arcesilas

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Arcesilam

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peracute

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