Hand-out Texts

Textbook 3 VWO3

2013-2014

TEXT SHEET 15

Text Sheet 15 - Greatness still the goal 3v-3  Greatness still the goal Simon O’Hagan discusses the qualities of Johan Cruyff, the Dutch mystery managing Barcelona’s fortunes. The greatest sportsmen often have their mysterious side, but this seems to be more true of Johan Cruyff than most. The manager of Barcelona is still a puzzle to his long-time assistant, Tonny Bruins Slot, a man who knows him as well as anybody. 5   ‘Every day he surprises you,’ Bruins Slot says. ‘You think he’s settled on a team and then suddenly he will say, “I want this player in, that player out” when you are least expecting it. But more often than not he is right.’ Bruins Slot then offers another, rather odd, illustration of how difficult it is to keep pace with Cruyff – and he means it literally. It concerns the moment when the time comes to make 10  the short journey form dressing-room to team bus. Even if Bruins Slot leaves before him, somehow Cruyff always gets there first. ‘That is typical of him,’ Bruins Slot says. When the Dutch national team played the 1974 World Cup final, we thought we were about to see the rightful crowning of one of the finest international teams in history, with the genius Cruyff as their captain and inspiration. But, of course, it wasn’t to be. And while there 15  is an aura of sadness that attaches to any great sportsman in retirement – simply because they are not what they were – this is especially the case with Cruyff. For all that Cruyff achieved, the feeling is still that he could, and should, have achieved more. No amount of success as a manager can make up for that. At his best, the footballer Cruyff had a princely authority. He had pace, balance and could 20  do extraordinary things with the ball, but his individualism always served the needs of the team. As the glory years went by, Cruyff turned into not just an incomparable player but a powerful figure within the politics of Dutch football – an irresistible area to one whose cleverness was matched only by his strength of will. Cruyff’s lobbying did much to improve the lot of the average Dutch footballer, in terms of pay and conditions. 25   He was quite happy to be controversial – like the time he refused to go to Poland for an international match when he discovered the players were not insured. Then there was his Adidas protest. The Dutch Football Association had done a deal with the shirt manufacturer, but Cruyff felt the players were insufficiently rewarded. So he wore his Adidas shirt with its three-leaf logo taped over. 30   The last six years have been among the most settled in Cruyff’s career, this in spite of his suffering a heart attack in 1991. He was then a heavy smoker, and the experience has had a favourable effect. Buins Slot says that ‘before his heart attack he wanted to win both on the pitch and off. Now he only worries about winning on the pitch.’ Barcelona have started this season’s European campaign with a new name on 35  everybody’s lips. Only it is not so unfamiliar. He is Jordi Cruyff, the 20-year-old son of Johan, scorer of two goals in the match against the Turkish champion Galatasaray. ‘It’s so difficult for him with that name,’ Cruyff says. ‘He is just another person. But he has done well, and naturally I am very proud of him.’ Over the years the Cruyffs have detached themselves so much 40  form all things Dutch that Jordi is in the process of gaining Spanish citizenship, so if he ever does play internationally, it will not be in the orange that his father wore so gloriously. Cruyff still returns to Holland. He will be forever a hero in the hearts of the Dutch people, although his tendency to assume an 45  expertise in almost any subject from cars to politics does not always go down well. Cruyff does not go out of his way to seek publicity. You won’t find him juggling little footballs with Pavarotti at the draw for the World Cup. His way of handling the media pressure is to give 50  regular press conferences, but no ‘one-to-one’ interviews. If any manager of a club of Barcelona’s stature can be said to have got things under control, it is Johan Cruyff. But having control over his destiny was always his way. 55   ‘Independent on Sunday’, October 16, 1994

Text Sheet 15 - Greatness still the goal 3v-3 A Give the meaning of the following words (paragraph numbers in brackets)

1. illustration (9)

11. to refuse (26)

2. to concern (10)

12. insured (27)

3. to attach (16)

13. insufficiently (29)

4. retirement (16)

14. in spite of (31)

5. to achieve (18)

15. to detach (40)

6. incomparable (22)

16. citizenship (42)

7. to improve (24)

17. tendency (45)

8. average (25)

18. to assume (45)

9. conditions (25)

19. pressure(50)

10. controversial (26) 20. destiny (54)

B Beantwoord de volgende vragen:

1. What can be concluded about Bruins Slot’s attitude to Johan Cruyff from paragraphs 1 & 2?

A Bruins Slot admires Cruyff so much that he refuses to accept any criticism of Cruyff.

B Bruins Slot dislikes Cruyff’s habit of changing his mind at the last minute.

C Bruins Slot finds it hard to predict Cruyff’s behaviour, but respects his judgement.

D Bruins Slot is Cruyff’s personal frien in spite of their disagreements over the team.

2 What does the word ‘there’ (line 12) refer to?

3 What does Bruins Slot want to illustrate, according to paragraph 3?

A Cruyff always tries to get the best seat on the team bus.

B It is always difficult to what Cruyff’s next move will be.

C It is Cruyff’s habit to play jokes on his assistant.

4 What do lines 13 – 15 (‘When … inspiration.’) make clear about the 1974 World Cup final?

A Although the Dutch were expected to win, they did not.

B The match had only one real star player, Johan Cruyff.

C The match marked the end of Cruyff’s career as a player.

5 Which word from paragraph 4 shows most clearly that the writer feels that the Netherlands would have deserved to win the World Cup:

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

Text Sheet 15 - Greatness still the goal 3v-3  Greatness still the goal Simon O’Hagan discusses the qualities of Johan Cruyff, the Dutch mystery managing Barcelona’s fortunes. The greatest sportsmen often have their mysterious side, but this seems to be more true of Johan Cruyff than most. The manager of Barcelona is still a puzzle to his long-time assistant, Tonny Bruins Slot, a man who knows him as well as anybody. 5   ‘Every day he surprises you,’ Bruins Slot says. ‘You think he’s settled on a team and then suddenly he will say, “I want this player in, that player out” when you are least expecting it. But more often than not he is right.’ Bruins Slot then offers another, rather odd, illustration of how difficult it is to keep pace with Cruyff – and he means it literally. It concerns the moment when the time comes to make 10  the short journey form dressing-room to team bus. Even if Bruins Slot leaves before him, somehow Cruyff always gets there first. ‘That is typical of him,’ Bruins Slot says. When the Dutch national team played the 1974 World Cup final, we thought we were about to see the rightful crowning of one of the finest international teams in history, with the genius Cruyff as their captain and inspiration. But, of course, it wasn’t to be. And while there 15  is an aura of sadness that attaches to any great sportsman in retirement – simply because they are not what they were – this is especially the case with Cruyff. For all that Cruyff achieved, the feeling is still that he could, and should, have achieved more. No amount of success as a manager can make up for that. At his best, the footballer Cruyff had a princely authority. He had pace, balance and could 20  do extraordinary things with the ball, but his individualism always served the needs of the team. As the glory years went by, Cruyff turned into not just an incomparable player but a powerful figure within the politics of Dutch football – an irresistible area to one whose cleverness was matched only by his strength of will. Cruyff’s lobbying did much to improve the lot of the average Dutch footballer, in terms of pay and conditions. 25   He was quite happy to be controversial – like the time he refused to go to Poland for an international match when he discovered the players were not insured. Then there was his Adidas protest. The Dutch Football Association had done a deal with the shirt manufacturer, but Cruyff felt the players were insufficiently rewarded. So he wore his Adidas shirt with its three-leaf logo taped over. 30   The last six years have been among the most settled in Cruyff’s career, this in spite of his suffering a heart attack in 1991. He was then a heavy smoker, and the experience has had a favourable effect. Buins Slot says that ‘before his heart attack he wanted to win both on the pitch and off. Now he only worries about winning on the pitch.’ Barcelona have started this season’s European campaign with a new name on 35  everybody’s lips. Only it is not so unfamiliar. He is Jordi Cruyff, the 20-year-old son of Johan, scorer of two goals in the match against the Turkish champion Galatasaray. ‘It’s so difficult for him with that name,’ Cruyff says. ‘He is just another person. But he has done well, and naturally I am very proud of him.’ Over the years the Cruyffs have detached themselves so much 40  form all things Dutch that Jordi is in the process of gaining Spanish citizenship, so if he ever does play internationally, it will not be in the orange that his father wore so gloriously. Cruyff still returns to Holland. He will be forever a hero in the hearts of the Dutch people, although his tendency to assume an 45  expertise in almost any subject from cars to politics does not always go down well. Cruyff does not go out of his way to seek publicity. You won’t find him juggling little footballs with Pavarotti at the draw for the World Cup. His way of handling the media pressure is to give 50  regular press conferences, but no ‘one-to-one’ interviews. If any manager of a club of Barcelona’s stature can be said to have got things under control, it is Johan Cruyff. But having control over his destiny was always his way. 55   ‘Independent on Sunday’, October 16, 1994

6 Which of the following is true, according to paragraph 5?

A The footballer Cruyff became an important figure off the field as well as on the field.

B The footballer Cruyff got involved with political matters, which he should not have done.

C The footballer Cruyff made sure he was the best-paid Dutch football player of his day.

7 Waarom had Cruyff het Adidaslogo op zijn shirt afgeplakt (alinea 6)?

8 Quote two words from par. 7 which could logically follow the word “off” (line 34)?

9 How has Johan Cruyff changed after his heart attack (paragraph 7)?

A He has stopped protesting form the sideline during matches.

B He is even more determined to get the best players.

C He is not so upset anymore when his team loses a match.

D He now only concentrates on getting the best results from his team.

10 What does the word “it” (line 36) refer to?

11 Which of the following can be concluded from paragraph 8 about Jordi Cruyff?

A Being Cruyff’s son, he is always compared with his father.

B He got the chance to play for Barcelona because of his father’s position there.

C His style of playing is completely different from his father’s.

12 Waarom zal Jordi Cruyff waarschijnlijk nooit voor Oranje spelen (alinea 9)?

13 What is the attitude of the Dutch people towards Cruyff according to paragraph 10?

A They are still very fond of him, but they don’t like his criticism of Dutch affairs.

B They still admire him, but his outspoken opinions sometimes irritate them.

C They still remember his reputation, but do not think much of his present activities.

D They still respect his achievements, but dislike his wealth and power.

14 Why would Cruyff not give any “one-to-one” interviews (line 51)?

A He dislikes giving away the initiative.

B He prefers spending his time on his job as Barcelona’s manager.

C He thinks he can reach a larger public by giving press conferences.

Text 2 – Valentine in the Daily Mail

This year, send your loved one a very special Valentine in the Daily Mail

Be romantic and write your personal message in the boxes below (min 3 words), or on separate sheet if it contains more than 16 words. Send together with full payment of £2.25 per word (inc VAT). Please write your own name and address on the cheque /PO which should be made payable to the Daily Mail. Also enclose the name and address of that special person and an anonymous card will be sent free of

charge telling your Valentine to look out for that special message in the Daily Mail on Friday 14th February. So don’t delay! Send in your message by 12th February and keep your Valentine sweet. Send to: Daily Mail (Valentines) Northcliffe House, Kensington, London W8 5TT.

Or… it’s now even easier to send your message! Phone the Credit Card line on 0171-9386401/6302

1 De bovenstaande advertentie komt uit de krant de Daily Mail.

Wat gebeurt er met de persoonlijke boodschap die je kunt opsturen? A Deze boodschap zal op Valentijnsdag in de krant verschijnen.

B Deze boodschap zal op Valentijnsdag per telegram worden bezorgd.

C Deze boodschap zal samen met Valentijnssnoepjes aan huis worden afgeleverd.

D Deze boodschap zal worden afgedrukt op een Valentijnskaart.

2 Hoe kun je voor deze actie betalen?

A Per cheque of postwissel

B Uitsluitend cash

C Met een creditcard

D Met een creditcar, cheque of postwissel.

Text 3 – My brother’ s a pain “My brother’s a pain.” I have a real problem. Every time my 14-year-old brother sees me talking to a boy he always shouts out and embarrasses me. I’m trying to think of a way to get back at him. Can you help? Barbara Believe me, the best revenge is silence. He does this just to get you embarrassed and to see your reaction. The angrier you get and the more you react, the funnier he’ll think it is. Ignore him and he’ll soon get tired of his silly little games. Brothers can be a pain but they do eventually grow up. 3 Welk advies krijgt Barbara?

A Behandel je broer op dezelfde manier als hij jou behandelt.

B Doe alsof je de opmerkingen van je broer niet hoort.

C Praat niet meer met je broer totdat hij belooft normal te zullen doen.

D Schakel deskundige hulp in voor de problemen met je broer.

TEXT SHEET 16

Text Sheet 16 - Passionate for the paranormal 3v-3  Passionate for the paranormal   Paranormality is the craze. What is it that makes so many people want to know their future? Why do they turn to astrologers, clairvoyants, psychics and readers of tarot cards? 60   Edina, the anti-heroine of the BBC series Absolutely Fabulous, seldom makes a move without consulting her psychic on the mobile phone. Decisions about when to buy, sell, fall in love, stay home or simply pay the gas bill can’t be made until mysterious 65  verses have been read and the tarot cards shuffled by a modern version of the old-fashioned witch. Edina is not alone. Most of the fashion world does not get out of bed unless the stars in the heavens are behaving nicely. And it is not just the fashion designers: Princess Diana leans on a string of astrologers, while the Duchess of York uses the services of the Islington-70  based psychic, Madame Vasso. So what is it that astrologers, tarot readers and clairvoyants can offer these people? I asked some people who have studied the paranormal for their views. According to Keiran Peak, who is writing a book about the interaction between tarot reader and client, ‘nearly all tarot readers have good basic counselling skills, even though they don’t 75  have any formal qualifications. Tarot readers charge less than psychotherapists. You can usually see one immediately without an appointment. Most importantly, you don’t’ have to have made the decision that there’s something wrong with your mind.’ Those who do not believe in the paranormal are worried that for the public the distinction between psychic consultation and psychotherapy is getting vague. Karen Christopher, 32, a 80  PR executive, recalls how a period of intense unhappiness brought her to total dependency upon paranormal practices. ‘I just wanted to hear form someone that I was going to get my boyfriend back’, she says. ‘It got to the point where I was seeing a couple of different people a week. If they told me that the omens for his return weren’t good, I’d simply go n to the next person.’ 85   In the end she came to the conclusion that what she needed was a psychotherapist rather than a psychic. ‘The trouble with going to see a clairvoyant is that it puts you into a passive role. You’re always waiting for next week or next month when you’ve been promised that something good is going to happen.’ ‘It is the sense that there is something or someone looking after you which accounts for 90  the current enthusiasm for the paranormal,’ says Chris French, senior lecturer in psychology at Goldsmith’s College, London University. He points out that ‘when a country goes to war then a sudden increase of interest in astrology is almost bound to follow. The same it rue when the economy looks shaky.’ Susan Blackmore, senior lecturer in psychology at the University of the West of England, 95  says a trip to the tarot reader represents a need to grasp at any bits of comfort. ‘Our lives are becoming more and more incomprehensible. We are surrounded by faxes, computers and televisions, but we don’t have a clue how they actually work. Having your future predicted by a psychic gives you some sense of being back in control of your life.’ Chris French maintains there is no evidence for psychic power. ‘Most so-called psychics 100  are very intuitive people. They may truly believe that they have paranormal powers, but actually they are simply skilled readers of body language.’ He visited four leading paranormal practitioners and was impressed by the experience. ‘After all, who would not enjoy learning you are intelligent and creative? And what could be nicer than being told that people find themselves drawn to my warmth, with and 105  understanding?’ Kathryn Hughes in ‘The Observer’, January 16, 1994

Text Sheet 16 - Passionate for the paranormal 3v-3 A Give the meaning of the following words (paragraph numbers in brackets)

1. clairvoyant (3)

11. dependency (25)

2. to consult (7)

12. omen (29)

3. decision (7)

13. the sense (34)

4. unless (12)

14. current (35)

5. according to (18)

15. increase (37)

6. counselling (19)

16. incomprehensible (41)

7. skills (19)

17. to predict (42)

8. qualification (20)

18. to maintain (44)

9. psychotherapist (20)

19. intuitive (45)

10. distinction (23)

20. experience (47)

B Beantwoord de volgende vragen:

1. Why does the text begin by describing Edina’s dependence on psychics?

A To demonstrate the increasing importance of modern communication technology.

B To illustrate that life is getting more and more complicated.

C To introduce the topic of people’s life being controlled by the paranormal.

D To make clear that consulting a psychic does not really help.

2 ‘Edina is not alone’ (12).

She is not alone in depending on (what? – quote 5 words from paragraph 2)

3 What are the examples of Princess Diana and the Duchess of York meant to illustrate (paragraph 2)?

A Belonging to the Royal Family is not the same as being happy.

B Even people high p in society rely on paranormal help.

C Royal people use the same paranormal advisers as fashion designers.

D The higher one’s position in society, the more paranormal help one needs.

4 What is the main advantage that tarot readers have in comparison to psychotherapy, according to

paragraph 3?

A It is less expensive to consult tarot readers than psychotherapists.

B People can consult tarot readers without admitting to psychological problems.

C Tarot readers are better at solving their clients’ problems than psychotherapists.

D Tarot readers take more time for their clients than psychotherapists do.

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

Text Sheet 16 - Passionate for the paranormal 3v-3  Passionate for the paranormal   Paranormality is the craze. What is it that makes so many people want to know their future? Why do they turn to astrologers, clairvoyants, psychics and readers of tarot cards? Edina, the anti-heroine of the BBC series 5  Absolutely Fabulous, seldom makes a move without consulting her psychic on the mobile phone. Decisions about when to buy, sell, fall in love, stay home or simply pay the gas bill can’t be made until mysterious verses have been read and the tarot cards shuffled by 10  a modern version of the old-fashioned witch. Edina is not alone. Most of the fashion world does not get out of bed unless the stars in the heavens are behaving nicely. And it is not just the fashion designers: Princess Diana leans on a string of astrologers, while the Duchess of York uses the services of the Islington-based psychic, Madame Vasso. So what is it that astrologers, tarot readers and clairvoyants 15  can offer these people? I asked some people who have studied the paranormal for their views. According to Keiran Peak, who is writing a book about the interaction between tarot reader and client, ‘nearly all tarot readers have good basic counselling skills, even though they don’t have any formal qualifications. Tarot readers charge less than psychotherapists. You can 20  usually see one immediately without an appointment. Most importantly, you don’t’ have to have made the decision that there’s something wrong with your mind.’ Those who do not believe in the paranormal are worried that for the public the distinction between psychic consultation and psychotherapy is getting vague. Karen Christopher, 32, a PR executive, recalls how a period of intense unhappiness brought her to total dependency 25  upon paranormal practices. ‘I just wanted to hear form someone that I was going to get my boyfriend back’, she says. ‘It got to the point where I was seeing a couple of different people a week. If they told me that the omens for his return weren’t good, I’d simply go n to the next person.’ In the end she came to the conclusion that what she needed was a psychotherapist rather 30  than a psychic. ‘The trouble with going to see a clairvoyant is that it puts you into a passive role. You’re always waiting for next week or next month when you’ve been promised that something good is going to happen.’ ‘It is the sense that there is something or someone looking after you which accounts for the current enthusiasm for the paranormal,’ says Chris French, senior lecturer in psychology 35  at Goldsmith’s College, London University. He points out that ‘when a country goes to war then a sudden increase of interest in astrology is almost bound to follow. The same it rue when the economy looks shaky.’ Susan Blackmore, senior lecturer in psychology at the University of the West of England, says a trip to the tarot reader represents a need to grasp at any bits of comfort. ‘Our lives are 40  becoming more and more incomprehensible. We are surrounded by faxes, computers and televisions, but we don’t have a clue how they actually work. Having your future predicted by a psychic gives you some sense of being back in control of your life.’ Chris French maintains there is no evidence for psychic power. ‘Most so-called psychics are very intuitive people. They may truly believe that they have paranormal powers, but 45  actually they are simply skilled readers of body language.’ He visited four leading paranormal practitioners and was impressed by the experience. ‘After all, who would not enjoy learning you are intelligent and creative? And what could be nicer than being told that people find themselves drawn to my warmth, with and understanding?’ 50   Kathryn Hughes in ‘The Observer’, January 16, 1994

5 Geef de eerste twee voordelen die Keiran Peak noemt van tarot-lezers boven pscychiaters (alinea 3).

1.

2

6 What worries those ‘who do not believe in the paranormal’ (line 23)? The fact that

A Clients will lose confidence in professional psychotherapists.

B Paranormal practitioners may not have any objection to manipulating their clients.

C People may wrongly expect help with their psychological problems from paranormal practitioners.

6 Karen Christopher (24) is “PR executive” (hoofd voorlichting). Waarom vindt de schrijver het belangrijk om haar beroep er bij te noemen?

7 What does Karen Christopher make clear in paragraph 5?

A She could not decide which psychic’s advice she liked best.

B She did not trust any of the psychics she visited.

C She got confused by all she heard from the psychics she visited.

D She went from psychic to psychic in order to hear what suited her.

8 What, according to Karen Christopher, is the ‘trouble with going to see a clairvoyant’ (line 31)?

A Clairvoyants will never tell their clients about the bad things they see in the future.

B For most people it takes too long before they see any positive results from their visits.

C It may stop you from taking responsibility for your own life.

9 Chris French geeft in alinea 7 twee voorbeelden van momenten waarop meer mensen zich tot de astrologie wenden. Welke twee?

1.

2.

10 Compare the views of Chris French and Susan Blackmore on the paranormal (paragraphs 7 & 8).What can

be concluded?

A Chris French and Susan Blackmore hold more or less the same views.

B Chris French and Susan Blackmore hold totally opposite views.

C Chris French is much more sympathetic towards the paranormal than Susan Blackmore.

12 Volgens Chris French is er voor paranormale begaafdheid geen bewijs te vinden (regel 44). Hoe verklaart hij de successen van sommige mediums?

Text 2 – Breaks with a difference

Breaks with a difference Britain’s first company specialising in arranging

holidays for people with dogs had its first customers this week.

The company has been set up by Margaret McCabe, a dog-trainer, and offers holidays in and around the historic fishing village of Anstuther.

Ms McCabe, who is from Anstruther, decided to create Dog Days Activity Holidays after disappointing holiday experiences with her own dog. “Even in places that claim to be dog-friendly, you sometimes have to feed you dog in the car,” she said. “Our hostels and B&Bs have a bone system of grading,

which will be determined by what facilities are available, such as access to enclosed gardens and dog-sitting.”

The holidays are designed to offer dogs “a break from their normal routine” and include activities such as guided country walks, agility games, orienteering, rounders and even canoeing, aromatherapy and spinning dog’s hair into yarn. Sessions with dog handlers and behaviourists can be added to the package holidays, which lasts for two to five days. Rosemary Behan

• further details: 0133 312 260 or www.dog-days.co.uk

1 Waarvoor is dit bedrijf opgezet?

A Om honden die tijdens de vakantie achtergelaten worden op te vangen.

B Om honden en hun bazen een plezierige vakantie te bieden.

C Om opvoedingscursussen voor honden aan te bieden.

2 ‘Our hotels and B&Bs have a bone system of grading (3e alinea).

Waarover geeft dit system informatie?

3 Waarom heeft Magaret McCabe dit bedrijf opgezet?

A Ze vond dat het maar moeilijk was om een goede plek te vinden om met haar hond naar toe te gaan.

B Ze vond dat haar hond zich slecht gedroeg in de vakantie en dus opgevoed moest worden.

C Ze vond dat ze vaak te ver moest rijden met de auto om een geschikte plek voor een vakantie met haar hond te vinden.

One jump ahead: a new company is offering breaks with a difference for canines in Scotland

TEXT SHEET 17

Text Sheet 17 - Dress with feeling 3v-3  Dress with feeling

Fashion is fundamentally visual, so how do the blind choose their clothes? Of the one million visually impaired persons (VIPs) in Britain, 72 per cent are women. Many of these are denied the option of a casual browse around the shops on a Saturday afternoon. Most will 55  rely on a sighted friend or relative, and while many sighted women prefer to shop for clothes with a friend to provide a second opinion, the VIP’s helper has to be able to describe what is on sale as well as advise. Michelle Osborne, 30, a remedial therapist, runs her own health therapy clinic at Copthall Stadium, Hendon, north London, and specialises in sports injuries. Her appearance gives no 60  clue to her visual disability. She relies on her sister Jenny, 25, for clothes advice, and while she is able to buy basics, such as leggings, on her own, she values Jenny for a second opinion for most purchases. ‘We will try to shop for specific garments, as it takes too much time to go through everything in the shops,’ said Michelle. They share similar tastes but many VIPs will rely on an older relative who may not have 65  the same idea about clothes. Having to buy what is someone else’s taste is a problem for many VIPs. And Michelle insists that VIPs have no more excuse than the fully-sighted for being badly dressed. ‘People often think that they can’t criticise those who are blind,’ she says, or, worse still, they think it does not matter how VIPs dress because they cannot see themselves. 70   Inadequate labelling is the biggest cause of complaint among VIPs. Prices are often in such small print that even those who have partial vision cannot read them. Washing instructions are usually tucked away in a side seam, impossibly small, and sizes are often not marked clearly. I was told of VIPs being questioned rudely in shops by security guards because they held clothes to their eyes or took them to a window to try to read information. 75   Once VIPs have discovered helpful assistants and have become familiar with a shop layout, they are likely to prove more loyal than sighted customers. Jan Nesbitt, personnel officer at the Royal National Institute for the Blind, said she would gladly spend a little more on shoes at her regular shoe shop because she could trust staff. Buying clothes is only the beginning. The real challenge is to know what is in the 80  wardrobe and what goes together. VIPs are, of necessity, much tidier than sighted people. Each object has its place and is easily found. There are many systems that individuals use to determine what is what. Michelle Osborne can identify everything in her wardrobe by touch. ‘My brain does not think in a sighted way. Each garment has some kind of detail that tells me what it is.’ 85   Once, labels in braille were available to sew into garments to distinguish colours, but these proved unsuccessful and have now been superseded by a colour button system, which is particularly useful to those who have lost sight in later life. Each button is a clearly defined shape; a triangular button is used for pink, for example. A VIP would automatically know that a top and a skirt with triangular buttons sewn in would go together. Others have individual 90  systems. One uses safety pins in different positions to determine colour. Visually impaired women need fashion information, too. Braille magazines and audio tapes can give this to them. Michelle Osborne enjoys The Clothes Show TV programme, but complains that it gives little spoken information. Just 95  because VIPs cannot see the clothes does not mean they are not interested. Sight is not a criterion of style. Lucinda Alford in ‘The Observer’, May 16, 1993

Text Sheet 17 - Dress with feeling 3v-3 A Give the meaning of the following words (paragraph numbers in brackets)

1. visual (1)

11. inadequate (19)

2. impaired (2)

12. complaint (19)

3. to deny (3)

13. partial (20)

4. to rely (4)

14. likely (25)

5. to provide (5)

15. regular (27)

6. appearance (8)

16. challenge (28)

7. disability (9)

17. to determine (31)

8. purchase (11)

18. garment (34)

9. similar (13)

19. to distinguish (34)

10. to insist (15) 20. to supersede (35)

B Beantwoord de volgende vragen:

1. How do the blind choose their clothes, according to paragraph 1?

A They are guided by their fine sense of touch, as their hands are their eyes.

B They ask someone to come along and help them choose.

C They do it with the help of a shop assistant.

D They do not do it themselves, but ask friends to buy the clothes they need.

2 Twee functies van degene die een “VIP” helpt bij het kopen van kleding (alinea 1) zijn:

1.

2.

3 Why is Michelle Osborne introduced in paragraph 2?

A She is an example of a VIP who can do her job very well in spite of her visual handicap.

B She is an example of a VIP who has a relative to help her out in clothing matters.

C She is an example of a VIP who has a very individual taste in clothing.

D She is an example of a VIP who is lucky enough to have a sister who makes clothes for her.

4 De reden waarom Michelle gericht op zoek moet naar bepaalde kledingstukken als ze gaat winkelen is

(alinea 2) …

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

Text Sheet 17 - Dress with feeling 3v-3    Dress with feeling

Fashion is fundamentally visual, so how do the blind choose their clothes? Of the one million visually impaired persons (VIPs) in Britain, 72 per cent are women. Many of these are denied the option of a casual browse around the shops on a Saturday afternoon. Most will rely on a sighted friend or relative, and while many sighted women prefer to shop for clothes with a friend to provide a second opinion, the VIP’s helper has to be able to describe what is 5  on sale as well as advise. Michelle Osborne, 30, a remedial therapist, runs her own health therapy clinic at Copthall Stadium, Hendon, north London, and specialises in sports injuries. Her appearance gives no clue to her visual disability. She relies on her sister Jenny, 25, for clothes advice, and while she is able to buy basics, such as leggings, on her own, she values Jenny for a second 10  opinion for most purchases. ‘We will try to shop for specific garments, as it takes too much time to go through everything in the shops,’ said Michelle. They share similar tastes but many VIPs will rely on an older relative who may not have the same idea about clothes. Having to buy what is someone else’s taste is a problem for many VIPs. And Michelle insists that VIPs have no more excuse than the fully-sighted for 15  being badly dressed. ‘People often think that they can’t criticise those who are blind,’ she says, or, worse still, they think it does not matter how VIPs dress because they cannot see themselves. Inadequate labelling is the biggest cause of complaint among VIPs. Prices are often in such small print that even those who have partial vision cannot read them. Washing 20  instructions are usually tucked away in a side seam, impossibly small, and sizes are often not marked clearly. I was told of VIPs being questioned rudely in shops by security guards because they held clothes to their eyes or took them to a window to try to read information. Once VIPs have discovered helpful assistants and have become familiar with a shop layout, they are likely to prove more loyal than sighted customers. Jan Nesbitt, personnel 25  officer at the Royal National Institute for the Blind, said she would gladly spend a little more on shoes at her regular shoe shop because she could trust staff. Buying clothes is only the beginning. The real challenge is to know what is in the wardrobe and what goes together. VIPs are, of necessity, much tidier than sighted people. Each object has its place and is easily found. There are many systems that individuals use to 30  determine what is what. Michelle Osborne can identify everything in her wardrobe by touch. ‘My brain does not think in a sighted way. Each garment has some kind of detail that tells me what it is.’ Once, labels in braille were available to sew into garments to distinguish colours, but these proved unsuccessful and have now been superseded by a colour button system, which 35  is particularly useful to those who have lost sight in later life. Each button is a clearly defined shape; a triangular button is used for pink, for example. A VIP would automatically know that a top and a skirt with triangular buttons sewn in would go together. Others have individual systems. One uses safety pins in different positions to determine colour. Visually impaired women need fashion information, too. 40  Braille magazines and audio tapes can give this to them. Michelle Osborne enjoys The Clothes Show TV programme, but complains that it gives little spoken information. Just because VIPs cannot see the clothes does not mean they are not interested. Sight is not a criterion of style. 45   Lucinda Alford in ‘The Observer’, May 16, 1993

5 What does Michelle think of VIPs and clothes, according to paragraph 3?

A She thinks that VIPs often do not accept the advice they get on what to buy.

B She thinks that VIPs should be just as well-dressed as other people.

C She thinks that VIPs will feel better when they know they are well-dressed.

7 “many VIPs will rely on an older relative” (line 13)

Dit kan een problem veroorzaken, namelijk …

8 Het woord ‘them’ in regel 20 verwijst naar …

9 What opinion does Michelle express in paragraph 4?

A She does not like other people’s comment on her clothes.

B She thinks people should not be judged by the way they dress.

C She thinks that the way VIPs dress deserves to be taken seriously.

10 In paragraph 5 several examples of “inadequate labelling” are given. Write down the third example.

11 What is the main point made in paragraph 6?

A It is very important for VIPs to be treated as ordinary customers.

B Most VIPs go to the same shops again and again because they know how to get there.

C Shop assistants could do a lot more to meet VIPs’ special needs.

D VIPs prefer shops where they know their way and get good service.

12 Why is buying clothes ‘only the beginning’ (line 28)?

A It is not easy for VIPs to find out whether their clothes look nice on them.

B It is quite a job for VIPs to recognise their clothes and to combine them.

C VIPs find it hard to know whether their clothes will be warm or cool enough.

D VIPs have to spend extra energy on keeping their clothes clean.

13 What does the word ‘these’ (line 35) refer to?

14 Quote one word from paragraph 8 that could logically follow the word ‘One’ (line 39)

15 What has Michelle missed up to now, according to paragraph 9?

A Fashion magazines specially written for and by VIPs.

B Fashion programmes on TV with good descriptions of the clothes shown.

C Fashion shows organised especially for VIPs.

Text 2 – Tall tales and short stories

Teenagers can suffer terribly because of their height, says Annabel Ferriman. But attempts at cure can be worse.

Growing up is painful for most people, but growing up

the ‘wrong’ shape or size can make puberty a misery. Teenagers who are considered to be too tall or too short, too fat or too thin, can suffer teasing, bullying and humiliation from other youngsters and develop strong feelings of inferiority that follow them into later life.

To achieve the perfect figure, teenagers themselves can go to extraordinary lengths. To reach the right height, however, requires more drastic action. In these cases, the parents are often even more … 1 … than the child, many having suffered teasing themselves when they were young. Where do these people turn for help and what are the choices open to them?

‘It is relatively easy to treat girls who …2…,’ says Professor Charles Brook, who runs a growth clinic at the Middlesex Hospital, London, treating about 600 patients a year. ‘We know that girls grow only 30 cm from the start of puberty, so if you do not want a girl to grow to more than 180 cm, you need to induce puberty early, when she is no more than 150 cm.’ Puberty can be brought on artificially early by giving girls small doses of the hormone oestrogen.

Helping children who are going to be exceptionally small is …3 …, however. Professor Brook’s clinic has, in the past, offered human growth hormone injections for children who are likely to remain small, but such treatment rarely adds more than an inch to their final height. ‘Human growth hormone should be reserved for those who have too little of it themselves. Otherwise, children would suffer 10 years of daily injections, costing £7,000 a year, to gain just one inch.’

Professor Brook believes strongly that medical intervention should be used sparingly. ‘When children are being given human growth hormone, it is the parents who have to administer the injections. Each time they do so, they

are giving the child the message that there is …4… . We have often had to provide a great deal of psychological support for those who have gone through the treatment.’

‘We as parents do not always make the best decisions for our children,’ Professor Brook adds. ‘It is often better to help them to accept their height than to …5….’

Dr David Weeks, a consultant psychologist at the Royal Edinburgh Hospital, who knows all about the problem since he is only 156cm, …6…. ‘Parents should try to accept the imperfections of their children. I know a very tall teenage girl whose father wanted her to have an operation to remove some of the bone from her legs to make her shorter. She said to him: “Look, I am training to be an engineer and I know that if you break things that support weight they …7… afterwards. Thanks, but no thanks.”’

For many parents it is extremely painful to watch their children struggle with growing problems. So what should they do? ‘It is important that parents do not …8…,’ says Dr Weeks. ‘Kids have enough worries about their bodies without parents adding to them. Parents should help their children understand that we are all different and that a person’s physique is not all there is to someone.’

Dr Weeks is convinced that …9… is a powerful factor for a teenager’s self-respect. ‘All the evidence shows that parents are as important to teenagers as they are to young children, but in a different way. This is a …10… period for parents, because teenagers are often hostile towards them, but research shows that teenagers do not want their parents to say: “OK. Go ahead. You are on your own now.”

‘The Independent on Sunday’, May 22, 1994

Kies bij iedere open plek het juiste antwoord uit de gegeven mogelijkheden 1 A careful 6 A agrees B optimistic B disagrees C worried C is doubtful D is pessimistic 2 A are going to be too fat B are going to be very tall 7 A are never as strong C have eating problems B become smaller D remain too short C get stronger D will be too long 3 A cheaper 8 A act as if everything is ok B harder B discuss the problem at all C less painful C express their own worries D more effective 4 A a new cure for them 9 A a beautiful body B nothing to worry about B expert advice C only little chance of success C medical help D something wrong with being small D the parents’ attitude 5 A just keep talking about it 10 A good B laugh at their problem B hard C stop the treatment altogether C hopeless D try and change it D quiet

TEXT SHEET 18

Text Sheet 18 - The one who fixes things 3v-3    The one who fixes things Richard Dowden talks to Norman Mlungisi Mhkiize, a black South African from Durban, who ended up rebuilding the pianos of leading pianists and orchestras in London. Norman is rather sniffy about the £9,000 grand piano in his shop window. It’s only six years old and Norman does not really approve of pianos made in the past 40 years. Norman’s shop is in Islington, North 50  London, and he is one of Britain’s leading piano restorers. He is also a Zulu who grew up in poverty on the outskirts of Durban in South Africa. It is not easy to find out how Norman, a black boy in apartheid South Africa, has become what he is today. ‘I think Mr Dowden here needs a fact or two,’ said his English wife, Catherine. She spoke in the tone of one who, many times, has seen Norman display his 55  brilliant repertoire of characters and places, successes and failures, incidents of love and luck. She knows the magic of it and loves it and its creator. But she sensed my frustration when Norman began every reply a long way from the question, bounded off through several anecdotes, doubled back through a couple of hilarious memories (giving on the way his fierce opinions on good manners and the future of South Africa), and seldom ended up anywhere 60  near the answer. So I do not know how old he is (neither does he), nor when he came to Britain, nor how he came to own the Islington Piano Galleries. But I do know that he was raised in strict Zulu tradition. ‘My aunt brought home a gramophone. I thought there were little people in there so when she went off to work I took it apart. But I was too little to put it together again. When she 65  came home it was in pieces all over the floor. I was beaten –past the point when you know there is pain. Being brought up a Zulu is like being locked up in a cage, it’s very strict, very dogmatic.’ Norman was named Mlungisi at birth; in Zulu it means ‘the one who fixes things’. He began his career by taking the family clocks apart. But he attributes his success to his school 70  and his mother: ‘When people ask me how a black from South Africa can set up a piano business in London, I see Loran school and my teachers and then I see my mother sitting like the Queen of England telling me what to do and teaching me respect.’ He worked in a Durban theatre for a man named Cecil Hayter who later paid Norman’s fare to England. ‘He was one of the most important people I have come across – and he 75  taught me everything about pianos.’ Working in the theatre meant that Norman was often out late at night in the white part of town. For that he needed a special pass, but sometimes he forgot it or the police did not believe it was genuine. Time and again he ended up detained at a police station or in prison overnight. He decided there was little future for him in South Africa. 80   After 23 years what does he say about racism in Britain? He laughs. ‘What happens is this: I answer the telephone, “Norman here”, and someone says, “I’ve got a piano which needs to be restored”. So we discuss it and make an appointment. A couple of days later I knock at their door and someone opens it and says, “What do you want?” And I say, “I’ve come to talk about the piano.” Then there’s a gap – you can count one, two, three. Then they 85  say, “Ah … they’ve sent you”. So I say, “We spoke on the phone.” Then it comes: “Oh, you must be Norman!”’ He collapses in laughter again. Has he ever lost business because he is black? ‘Sometimes, but I don’t care, I don’t need their business. But on the whole England is full of clubs with signs outside which are not written. You can embarrass yourself badly by walking into a place only to find out you are not 90  welcome. But it’s all class really – nothing to do with race.’ Last year Norman went back to South Africa for the first time in 23 years and took Catherine and their three children. He says the whites’ treatment of blacks has changed immensely. ‘In the old days I was hit by a white man just for walking on the pavement. Now my niece tells me she sometimes walks along the pavement and deliberately bumps into a 95  white person just to hear him say “I’m sorry”.’ The Independent on Sunday, January 30, 1994

Text Sheet 18 - The one who fixes things 3v-3 A Give the meaning of the following words (paragraph numbers in brackets)

1. sniffy (1)

11. dogmatic (21)

2. to approve of (2)

12. to attribute (23)

3. poverty (4)

13. fare (28)

4. to display (8)

14. genuine (32)

5. failure (9)

15. detained (32)

6. reply (11)

16. to restore (36)

7. to bound off (11)

17. to collapse (40)

8. several (11)

18. to embarrass (43)

9. fierce (12)

19. immensely (47)

10. opinion (13) 20. deliberately (48)

B Beantwoord de volgende vragen:

1. What is paragraph 1 meant to make clear about Norman?

A How much he knows about the history of pianos.

B How much his life has changed for the better.

C That he does not very much like old pianos.

D That he is now a famous person in Britain.

2 Which of the following is true about Norman’s wife Catherine, according to lines 8-10 (‘She … creator.’)?

A She had done much to make Norman’s career successful.

B She herself does not know all about Norman’s former life.

C She is still fascinated by Norman’s stories about his life.

D She loves talking about Norman’s eventful life.

3 What is it Catherine loves according to paragraph 2?

1.

2.

4 What is it that frustrates the author of this article according to paragraph 2?

The fact that he …

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

Text Sheet 18 - The one who fixes things 3v-3    The one who fixes things Richard Dowden talks to Norman Mlungisi Mhkiize, a black South African from Durban, who ended up rebuilding the pianos of leading pianists and orchestras in London. Norman is rather sniffy about the £9,000 grand piano in his shop window. It’s only six years old and Norman does not really approve of pianos made in the past 40 years. Norman’s shop is in Islington, North London, and he is one of Britain’s leading piano restorers. He is also a Zulu who grew up in poverty on the outskirts of Durban in South Africa. 5   It is not easy to find out how Norman, a black boy in apartheid South Africa, has become what he is today. ‘I think Mr Dowden here needs a fact or two,’ said his English wife, Catherine. She spoke in the tone of one who, many times, has seen Norman display his brilliant repertoire of characters and places, successes and failures, incidents of love and luck. She knows the magic of it and loves it and its creator. But she sensed my frustration 10  when Norman began every reply a long way from the question, bounded off through several anecdotes, doubled back through a couple of hilarious memories (giving on the way his fierce opinions on good manners and the future of South Africa), and seldom ended up anywhere near the answer. So I do not know how old he is (neither does he), nor when he came to Britain, nor how 15  he came to own the Islington Piano Galleries. But I do know that he was raised in strict Zulu tradition. ‘My aunt brought home a gramophone. I thought there were little people in there so when she went off to work I took it apart. But I was too little to put it together again. When she came home it was in pieces all over the floor. I was beaten –past the point when you know there is pain. Being brought up a Zulu is like being locked up in a cage, it’s very strict, very 20  dogmatic.’ Norman was named Mlungisi at birth; in Zulu it means ‘the one who fixes things’. He began his career by taking the family clocks apart. But he attributes his success to his school and his mother: ‘When people ask me how a black from South Africa can set up a piano business in London, I see Loran school and my teachers and then I see my mother sitting like 25  the Queen of England telling me what to do and teaching me respect.’ He worked in a Durban theatre for a man named Cecil Hayter who later paid Norman’s fare to England. ‘He was one of the most important people I have come across – and he taught me everything about pianos.’ Working in the theatre meant that Norman was often out late at night in the white part of 30  town. For that he needed a special pass, but sometimes he forgot it or the police did not believe it was genuine. Time and again he ended up detained at a police station or in prison overnight. He decided there was little future for him in South Africa. After 23 years what does he say about racism in Britain? He laughs. ‘What happens is this: I answer the telephone, “Norman here”, and someone says, “I’ve got a piano which 35  needs to be restored”. So we discuss it and make an appointment. A couple of days later I knock at their door and someone opens it and says, “What do you want?” And I say, “I’ve come to talk about the piano.” Then there’s a gap – you can count one, two, three. Then they say, “Ah … they’ve sent you”. So I say, “We spoke on the phone.” Then it comes: “Oh, you must be Norman!”’ He collapses in laughter again. 40   Has he ever lost business because he is black? ‘Sometimes, but I don’t care, I don’t need their business. But on the whole England is full of clubs with signs outside which are not written. You can embarrass yourself badly by walking into a place only to find out you are not welcome. But it’s all class really – nothing to do with race.’ Last year Norman went back to South Africa for the first time in 23 years and took 45  Catherine and their three children. He says the whites’ treatment of blacks has changed immensely. ‘In the old days I was hit by a white man just for walking on the pavement. Now my niece tells me she sometimes walks along the pavement and deliberately bumps into a white person just to hear him say “I’m sorry”.’ 50   The Independent on Sunday, January 30, 1994

5 What does the word ‘there’ (line 17, 2e) refer to?

6 What is the overall impression that Norman gives of his youth in paragraph 3?

A He was often bored, which made him do silly things.

B It was so unpleasant that he does not want to be reminded of it.

C There was very little freedom for him.

D The warmth of the family made up for the punishments he got.

7 Why is the name Norman received at birth such a good fit? Explain.

8 What does paragraph 5 make clear?

A How Mr Hayter helped Norman to become a piano restorer in England.

B How Norman has always made his own decisions about life.

C How Norman’s life in South Africa contrasted with his life in England.

9 How did being out late at night in Durban pose a problem for Norman (paragraph 6)?

10 What is Norman’s experience with racism in Britain (paragraph 7)?

A He is not always allowed to enter a client’s house.

B He is often asked to show his papers proving that he is indeed a piano restorer.

C He sometimes has to ask another piano repairer to come and help him.

D People may at first be unwilling to make an appointment with him.

E People may at first find it difficult to accept that a black person is the boss.

11 What does the word ‘they’ (line 39) refer to?

12 What does Norman make clear in lines 42-44 (‘But … race.’)

In England…

A it is not easy to find a good place to go out to at night.

B one is supposed to move only within one’s own social group.

C there is more racism than one would think at first sight.

13 What is the story about Norman’s niece meant to illustrate?

A Black people in South Africa are no longer afraid of talking to white people.

B Black people in South Africa are still hostile to white people.

C White people in South Africa are now afraid of touching black people.

D White people in South Africa now show respect to black people.

Text 2 – Even young wizards have a lot to learn.

Even young wizards have a lot to learn

1 2 3 4

When Tolga Kenan, 12, slight and dark, was picked as a ‘double’ to stand in as ‘Harry’ during lightning rehearsals for the Harry Potter film that premiered last week, the first thought of Tolga’s mother was “What about his education?”, Tolga, than 11, had been at secondary school, Bishop Stopford comprehensive in Enfield, for just a month: “I was expecting the school to raise concerns, but they thought t was a fantastic chance and he should take it,” says his mother. So, Tolga stood in for Daniel Radcliffe to give the Potter star time for his own tutoring.

Every day, by law, child actors must receive a minimum of one hour’s education and a maximum of five hours. Therefore, all 450 child stars, doubles and extras acting in Harry Potter carried on with normal education through the past year in a specially established school at Leavesden studios in Hertfordshire.

“The teacher attention the children get in groups of three or five – Harry, Ron (Rupert Grint) and Hermione (Emma Watson) have their own individual tutors – means filming can improve their schoolwork” says Janet Willis, the Harry Potter head tutor. And Willis ought to know, she has been in films and theatre for 25 years, children in films such as Empire of the Sun, The Borrowers, and Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom.

As Harry Potter filming could last for seven films and seven years – some children’s entire secondary school careers – the studio has invested in specialist tutors, textbooks and science equipment.

“Step into the Harry Potter classrooms, where teachers are working with small groups of children in (perhaps Malfoy, Dudley and Crabbe in one, two or three uncannily similar Harry and Hermione doubles in another), and all the children will be doing different work set by their individual schools,” says Willis.

According to parents, children and teachers, endless interruptions to learning re the biggest disadvantage to film acting; the needs of the film override everyone and everything else. “One or two decided not to come back after the first film,” says Willis. “They go to high-flying schools and I think they have made a very wise decision.”

All the children go back to their own schools for exams – the next Harry Potter film has been scheduled so the Weasley twins in particular are free for their GCSEs.

‘The Sunday Times’

5 6 7

1 What can be concluded from the first paragraph?

A Tolga Kenan’s mother expected the film studio to make arrangements for her son’s education.

B Tolga Kenan’s mother thought her son wouldn’t learn much from being a stand-in actor.

C Tolga Kenan’s mother was certain her son would not be permitted to work as an actor.

D Tolga Kenan’s mother was worried about her son’s school career and the reaction of his teachers.

2 What makes learning difficult for the child actors according to paragraph 6?

A The boring every-day routine on the film set.

B The high demands their parents make with regard to their education.

C The priority that is given to their film work at all times.

D The special attention they get from the people around them.

3 What can be concluded from paragraph 7?

A Some schools have arranged extra privileges for the young actors.

B The film company takes the education of their actors quite seriously.

C The studio school does not teach at secondary education level.

“Child actors run the risk of falling behind in their schooling but personal tuition on set can actually improve their work.” Karen Gold reports  

TEXT SHEET 19

Text Sheet 19 - The most hated men in town? 3v-3    The most hated men in town? Driving off to begin his day’s work, Derek Hislop doesn’t seem in the least surprised when a total stranger standing at a corner mouths ‘bastard’ at him as his lorry passes by. Nor when a pretty girl in a car at the traffic lights twists her lips unprettily into what is clearly a 55  stream of silent abuse. ‘Be a lot of that before the day’s out. And worse. I don’t try to lipread. Because I know I am never going to answer back.’ Nevertheless, there have been moments when Derek wished he had his very, very distant American cousin, cowboy film star John Wayne, riding shotgun beside him instead of his mate, Andy Whittle. 60   The pair are a tow-away team, crewing one of those hated blue-and-white lorries contracted by the police to haul illegally parked cars off to the pound. Squeezed between Derek and Andy as the convoy of 20-plus tow-away vehicles left the west London pound, we got that first taste of public hostility before doing a few hundred yards. ‘I got a real volley my first day,’ says Andy. ‘Was called a slag. And I was very hurt. 65  Now? I don’t hear it. Or if I do, I smile. Because I know it will get worse. And I never know when they may start hitting.’ It once got very much worse for Derek. He shows us a horrific scar stretching from his palm to above the wrist. ‘That took 30 stitches. Bloke with a beer glass. Now we watch each other’s backs very carefully. We’re told “never argue, never fight back”. But I won’t just stand 70  and take it – not next time.’ Suddenly there’s a look in his eye that suggests that the blood line to John Wayne is not all that long. The radio gives us our first call. Derek explains the drill: what usually happens is a traffic warden calls a police officer who alone can place the yellow sticker on the parking ticket, authorising removal. 75   If the owner returns before they hitch him up, he can drive away. ‘But we can be quick, too. The rule is, once we get all four wheels off the ground – even an inch – it’s goodbye car.’ Can they put the car down? Can, but don’t. Never? ‘If the owner has a real case, say an obviously pregnant woman, an invalid, then yes. But quietly. We’d go round the corner and drop it. One team had a famous person who gave them all the verbals about who he knew, 80  and they dropped his car. Someone rang the papers and there was hell to pay.’ Sob stories? ‘We have heard them all. Like one girl coming out of a shop with a clock: “My dad’s just died, and I need the alarm so my mum doesn’t miss the funeral.” Bribes? With a tow fee of £ 85, plus £ 16 parking fine, and £ 12 per day storage, the temptation for car owners to wave ten pound notes must be strong. ‘Try it all the time. But no chance: our 85  bosses or the police could be testing us.’ We are at the first ‘lift’ of the day; a fool has left his car at the peak of the hairpin bend opposite Barons Court tube. Derek eases his truck in and starts the crane. One minute, nine seconds later, the car is airborne. Two minutes, 37 seconds … we are gone. So is the car. In a quieter spot, Derek completes a minute inspection for visual damage: ‘Since 1988, I have 90  shifted 10,000 cars. And damaged four. But guess the number turning up at the pound wanting a complete respray – until we show them this form.’ Andy’s cab computer feeds the registration details to Scotland Yard. This car is left at the pound, and it’s off for the next. Crews average ten a day: ‘Could get more, if it weren’t 95  for the traffic jams.’ And no, ruining the myth, although their company is paid by results, crews do not get commission for cars captured: just a straight £ 4.30 per hour for often a 65-hour week. When, soon, London increases the penalties and gives 100  the job of ordering removals to traffic wardens, who lack police authority and power of arrest, we may need men a bit more like John Wayne for the great round-ups on our roads. From an article in ‘Radio Times’, 21 September, 1991 105  

Text Sheet 19 - The most hated men in town? 3v-3 A Give the meaning of the following words (paragraph numbers in brackets)

1. abuse (4)

11. sob stories (30)

2. nevertheless (6)

12. tow fee (32)

3. to haul (10)

13. parking fine (32)

4. pound (12)

14. storage (32)

5. hostility (12)

15. temptation (32)

6. volley (13)

16. opposite (36)

7. slag (13)

17. visual damage (38)

8. drill (21)

18. commission (45)

9. to authorise (23)

19. to increase (48)

10. obviously (27)

B Beantwoord de volgende vragen:

1. What does Derek Hislop make clear by saying ‘Be a lot … out.’ (line 4)?

A He is not very good at dealing with people.

B He is quite used to people being rude to him.

C He thinks that only few people are good drivers.

2 How does the writer make the reader curious in paragraphs 1 & 2?

By not making clear

A what could be the reason for John Wayne to be in London.

B what some people are actually saying to Derek Hislop.

C who the stranger at the corner and the girl in the car are.

D why people are behaving aggressively towards Derek Hislop.

3 What do Derek Hislop and Andy Whittle do for a a living, according to paragraph 3?

A They clear the streets of cars that have become too old.

B They put clamps on wrongly parked cars, to prevent them from driving away.

C They take cars of parking offenders to a special area.

D They transport cars that have been involved in an accident.

4 Wie is de opdrachtgever van de blauw-witte auto’s (alinea 3)?

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

Text Sheet 19 - The most hated men in town? 3v-3    The most hated men in town? Driving off to begin his day’s work, Derek Hislop doesn’t seem in the least surprised when a total stranger standing at a corner mouths ‘bastard’ at him as his lorry passes by. Nor when a pretty girl in a car at the traffic lights twists her lips unprettily into what is clearly a stream of silent abuse. ‘Be a lot of that before the day’s out. And worse. I don’t try to lipread. Because I know I am never going to answer back.’ 5   Nevertheless, there have been moments when Derek wished he had his very, very distant American cousin, cowboy film star John Wayne, riding shotgun beside him instead of his mate, Andy Whittle. The pair are a tow-away team, crewing one of those hated blue-and-white lorries contracted by the police to haul illegally parked cars off to the pound. 10   Squeezed between Derek and Andy as the convoy of 20-plus tow-away vehicles left the west London pound, we got that first taste of public hostility before doing a few hundred yards. ‘I got a real volley my first day,’ says Andy. ‘Was called a slag. And I was very hurt. Now? I don’t hear it. Or if I do, I smile. Because I know it will get worse. And I never know when they may start hitting.’ 15   It once got very much worse for Derek. He shows us a horrific scar stretching from his palm to above the wrist. ‘That took 30 stitches. Bloke with a beer glass. Now we watch each other’s backs very carefully. We’re told “never argue, never fight back”. But I won’t just stand and take it – not next time.’ Suddenly there’s a look in his eye that suggests that the blood line to John Wayne is not all that long. 20   The radio gives us our first call. Derek explains the drill: what usually happens is a traffic warden calls a police officer who alone can place the yellow sticker on the parking ticket, authorising removal. If the owner returns before they hitch him up, he can drive away. ‘But we can be quick, too. The rule is, once we get all four wheels off the ground – even an inch – it’s goodbye car.’ 25   Can they put the car down? Can, but don’t. Never? ‘If the owner has a real case, say an obviously pregnant woman, an invalid, then yes. But quietly. We’d go round the corner and drop it. One team had a famous person who gave them all the verbals about who he knew, and they dropped his car. Someone rang the papers and there was hell to pay.’ Sob stories? ‘We have heard them all. Like one girl coming out of a shop with a clock: 30  “My dad’s just died, and I need the alarm so my mum doesn’t miss the funeral.” Bribes? With a tow fee of £ 85, plus £ 16 parking fine, and £ 12 per day storage, the temptation for car owners to wave ten pound notes must be strong. ‘Try it all the time. But no chance: our bosses or the police could be testing us.’ We are at the first ‘lift’ of the day; a fool has left his car at the peak of the hairpin bend 35  opposite Barons Court tube. Derek eases his truck in and starts the crane. One minute, nine seconds later, the car is airborne. Two minutes, 37 seconds … we are gone. So is the car. In a quieter spot, Derek completes a minute inspection for visual damage: ‘Since 1988, I have shifted 10,000 cars. And damaged four. But guess the number turning up at the pound wanting a complete respray – until we show them this form.’ 40   Andy’s cab computer feeds the registration details to Scotland Yard. This car is left at the pound, and it’s off for the next. Crews average ten a day: ‘Could get more, if it weren’t for the traffic jams.’ And no, ruining the myth, although their company is paid by results, crews do not get commission for 45  cars captured: just a straight £ 4.30 per hour for often a 65-hour week. When, soon, London increases the penalties and gives the job of ordering removals to traffic wardens, who lack police authority and power of arrest, we may need men a bit 50  more like John Wayne for the great round-ups on our roads. From an article in ‘Radio Times’, 21 September, 1991

5 What does Andy point out, according to paragraph 4?

A He has learnt how to deal with aggression in people.

B He is glad about the fact that his hearing is not very good.

C He knows that people do not really mean what they shout at him.

D He thinks it is important that he is able to protect himself.

6 What do the sentences ‘We’re … long.’ (lines 18-20) make clear about Derek?

A Although he has had some bad experiences, he will not use violence himself.

B He now carries a weapon to guarantee his safety.

C If he gets the chance, he will take revenge on the person who wounded him once.

D If he is attacked again, he is going to defend himself.

7 The word ‘us’ in line 21 refers to …

8 Heel soms zetten de slepers de auto weer op de grond. Welke twee voorbeelden geeft Derek (al. 8)

1.

2.

9 The word ‘it’ in line 33 refers to …

10 “Bribes? (...) Try it all the time. But no chance: our bosses or the police could be testing us” (ll. 31-34). Wat is de belangrijkste reden voor Derek Hislop om zich niet te laten omkopen?

11 Which word can be added after number (l. 39)?

‘number’ is short for “number of …

12 Wat is de reden dat er niet meer auto’s worden weggesleept?

13 Welke ‘mythe’ wordt in regels 44-47 uit de wereld geholpen?

Het idee dat …

14 What does the writer suggest in paragraph 12 about tow-away teams in London in the future?

A It is a good idea to give them more responsibility.

B There is a chance that they will meet with more violence.

C They run the risk of losing their jobs.

D They should be specially trained to take over some police work.

Text 2 – In a stew

In a stew “I was going to a party and wanted to wear my white miniskirt. But the day before, I’d worn it and got a grass stain on it. My mum was away and I’m hopeless with washing machines so I decided to boil the skirt on the hob. I filled the saucepan with water and stewed it for ages. It worked and the stain came out. However, I forgot to move the pan, so you can imagine my horror when I came downstairs later to find my dad boiling vegetables for our tea in the pan! I can only hope he changed the water – I certainly wasn’t very hungry that night, anyway!” Laura, 16, Norfolk 1 Waarom had Laura niet zo veel zin om tee ten volgens bovenstaande ingezonden brief?

A Ze had die avond nog een feestje met allerlei hapjes.

B Ze vond het vreselijk dat ze haar rokje bij het wassen had verknoeid.

C Ze was bang dat de groenten in het waswater van haar rokje waren gekookt.

D Ze was moe van het urenlang in de keuken staan.

Text 3 – Letter of the Fortnight

Genuine or Fake? I’m writing to complain about people who take the public for fools. I recently saw a homeless person asking for money but when he turned round I noticed a mobile phone in his back pocket. I feel sorry for the homeless who really need help because people who would like to give are put off as they’re afraid of giving to a fake. Don’t these people have a conscience? Angela, London Thanks for your comments, Angela. If you want to help the homeless, contact Shelter, the charity set up to help homeless people. You can find out how to raise funds that will be put to good use. Write to Shelter, 88 Old Street, London, EC1V 9HU

2 Waar klaagt Angela over in bovenstaande brief?

Over het feit dat volgens haar

A sommige daklozen andere opbellen als er ergens iets te halen valt.

B sommige mensen bedelen terwijl ze het geld niet echt nodig hebben.

C sommige mensen daklozen voor de gek houden.

D sommige mensen geen geld aan bedelaars willen geven.

TEXT SHEET 20

Text Sheet 20 - Women come out fighting 3v-3  Women come out fighting Fresh female army recruits are training, and sharing barracks, with men for the first time. Bradley Graham reports. When they entered basic army training two months ago, private James Lane and private Teri Rutter were unsettled to learn that they’d be doing their drills in mixed company. Mr Lane, 22, worried the women would be a drag, or worse might outperform him. Ms Rutter, 18, feared that the men would laugh at her mistakes and make life miserable for her and the other women. 5   But sitting in their co-ed barracks at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, cleaning gear after a three-day field exercise, Lane and Rutter said their misgivings began to disappear as male and female trainees began helping each other. In fact, officers said the first results of the recent shift to what the army calls gender integrated basic training, show little change in the performance of men but great progress in that of women. 10   Top-ranking officers are counting on this. When the 178 trainees of Alpha Company graduate, they will become the first group to make it through co-ed basic training for the numerous non-combat jobs now open to both sexes. Rutter said the women, often challenged to do better by the men, found ways to motivate them. ‘Some of the guys weren’t good at remembering things, so we’d make up rhymes to 15  help them,’ she said. ‘In the field, I’d go behind a guy who was having trouble and say, “Hey, you won’t let a girl beat you, will you?” and that would motivate him.’ ‘At first the guys tried to help us do everything, as if we couldn’t do without them,’ said Private Elisa Suarez, 18. ‘Then they stopped, realising we could hold our own.’ Officers say they try as much as possible to treat both sexes equally. Male and female 20  recruits train on the same courses, shoot the same rifles, carry the same gear and wear the same boots. But the physical performance requirements for men and women do differ. They men must be able to doe 32 push-ups and 42 sit-ups and run two miles in about 17 minutes to receive an average score; the corresponding standards for women are 13 pus-ups, 40 sit-ups 25  and a two-mile run in 20 minutes. ‘The aim is to obtain the same amount of expenditure of energy by men and women,’ said colonel Franklin Hagenbeck, commander of the training brigade. ‘But that’s a hard point to make with some of the male trainees. They really don’t want to hear this explanation when they are sweating and the drill-sergeant is chewing their ears off and they feel like throwing up 30  and the women around them are doing fewer repetitions.’ More than a year of planning went into the decision to integrate basic training, but the army has not worked out all the hitches yet. Women still complain about too few toilets. Female trainees also have teen suffering higher sickness rates – a result, commanders suspect, of the women pushing themselves too hard. 35   Critics worry that mixing women with men in basic training will open the door to allowing women in combat jobs. Advocates of integration, however, say because women now serve with men in all of the army’s non-combat positions, it makes little sense to train them separately during their first eight weeks. At pilot programmes the army experimented with various 40  mixes, concluding that the best was about a 75/25 male/female ratio. ‘The males in the 75/25 combination felt much better about their training, they felt they were still in control,’ said Jackie Mottern of the Army Research Institute. ‘When we went to a 50/50 mix, there was more role confusion.   45   Still, unexpected aspects of mixed training have come up. ‘This sounds like a macho comment but you find out the women are more emotional,’ said Lieutenant Colonel Ron Perry, the battalion commander. ‘For instance, when they stand on the rifle range and are told they’ve failed, many of the women will break 50  down, while the guys will kick a stone and curse.’ ‘The Washington Post’, December 4, 1994

Text Sheet 20 - Women come out fighting 3v-3 A Give the meaning of the following words (paragraph numbers in brackets)

1. recruit (intro)

11. requirements (23)

2. unsettled (2)

12. average (25)

3. drag (3)

13. to obtain (27)

4. to outperform (3)

14. expenditure (27)

5. misgiving (7)

15. to chew somebody’s ears off (30)

6. recent (9)

16. repetition (31)

7. progress (10)

17. decision (32)

8. numerous (13)

18. separately (39)

9. to hold your own (19)

19. ratio (42)

10. equally (20) 20. confusion (45)

B Beantwoord de volgende vragen:

1. What do paragraphs 1 and 2 make clear?

A How a male and a female recruit first reacted to the idea of men and women being trained together.

B That it will be long time before female soldiers will be just as good as male soldiers

C That training in one group does not have the same effect on male as on female soldiers.

D Why male and female soldiers cannot get on with each other.

2 What does the word ‘that’ (line 10) refer to?

3 Geef voor elk van deze stellingen aan of ze wel of niet in overeenstemming zijn met alinea 3.

1. Male recruits have so far shown themselves better soldiers than female recruits. wel / niet

2. Mixed training has a positive effect on women’s results. wel / niet

3. Mixed training has gradually become accepted by those involved. wel / niet

4. Women recruits set a good example in looking after army equipment. wel / niet

4 Hoewel de basis training gemengd is, worden de vrouwen voorlopig alleen opgeleid voor een bepaald type functie, namelijk …

5 Which word(s) can be put before ‘found’ in line 14?

A accidentally

B first

C in turn

D seldom

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

Text Sheet 20 - Women come out fighting 3v-3  Women come out fighting Fresh female army recruits are training, and sharing barracks, with men for the first time. Bradley Graham reports. When they entered basic army training two months ago, private James Lane and private Teri Rutter were unsettled to learn that they’d be doing their drills in mixed company. Mr Lane, 22, worried the women would be a drag, or worse might outperform him. Ms Rutter, 18, feared that the men would laugh at her mistakes and make life miserable for her and the other women. 5   But sitting in their co-ed barracks at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, cleaning gear after a three-day field exercise, Lane and Rutter said their misgivings began to disappear as male and female trainees began helping each other. In fact, officers said the first results of the recent shift to what the army calls gender integrated basic training, show little change in the performance of men but great progress in that of women. 10   Top-ranking officers are counting on this. When the 178 trainees of Alpha Company graduate, they will become the first group to make it through co-ed basic training for the numerous non-combat jobs now open to both sexes. Rutter said the women, often challenged to do better by the men, found ways to motivate them. ‘Some of the guys weren’t good at remembering things, so we’d make up rhymes to 15  help them,’ she said. ‘In the field, I’d go behind a guy who was having trouble and say, “Hey, you won’t let a girl beat you, will you?” and that would motivate him.’ ‘At first the guys tried to help us do everything, as if we couldn’t do without them,’ said Private Elisa Suarez, 18. ‘Then they stopped, realising we could hold our own.’ Officers say they try as much as possible to treat both sexes equally. Male and female 20  recruits train on the same courses, shoot the same rifles, carry the same gear and wear the same boots. But the physical performance requirements for men and women do differ. They men must be able to doe 32 push-ups and 42 sit-ups and run two miles in about 17 minutes to receive an average score; the corresponding standards for women are 13 pus-ups, 40 sit-ups 25  and a two-mile run in 20 minutes. ‘The aim is to obtain the same amount of expenditure of energy by men and women,’ said colonel Franklin Hagenbeck, commander of the training brigade. ‘But that’s a hard point to make with some of the male trainees. They really don’t want to hear this explanation when they are sweating and the drill-sergeant is chewing their ears off and they feel like throwing up 30  and the women around them are doing fewer repetitions.’ More than a year of planning went into the decision to integrate basic training, but the army has not worked out all the hitches yet. Women still complain about too few toilets. Female trainees also have teen suffering higher sickness rates – a result, commanders suspect, of the women pushing themselves too hard. 35   Critics worry that mixing women with men in basic training will open the door to allowing women in combat jobs. Advocates of integration, however, say because women now serve with men in all of the army’s non-combat positions, it makes little sense to train them separately during their first eight weeks. At pilot programmes the army experimented with various 40  mixes, concluding that the best was about a 75/25 male/female ratio. ‘The males in the 75/25 combination felt much better about their training, they felt they were still in control,’ said Jackie Mottern of the Army Research Institute. ‘When we went to a 50/50 mix, there was more role confusion.   45   Still, unexpected aspects of mixed training have come up. ‘This sounds like a macho comment but you find out the women are more emotional,’ said Lieutenant Colonel Ron Perry, the battalion commander. ‘For instance, when they stand on the rifle range and are told they’ve failed, many of the women will break 50  down, while the guys will kick a stone and curse.’ ‘The Washington Post’, December 4, 1994

6 What is the point made in paragraph 6?

A The men frequently irritated Elisa Suarez.

B The men gradually understood that women could look after themselves.

C The women could do almost anything the men could.

D The women were often too proud to ask the men for help in difficult situations.

7 What can be concluded from paragraphs 7 and 8 about mixed basic training?

A The physical performance of women is just as good as that of men.

B The physical performance requirements are an exception to the rule of equal treatment.

C The physical performance requirements should be made less strict for male recruits.

8 “They really don’t want to hear this explanation ...” (line 29)

Welke uitleg willen de mannelijke recruten niet horen?

9 What becomes clear about the mixed training programme form paragraph 10?

A It does not give female recruits enough room to discuss their troubles.

B It is too heavy for many women after all.

C There are still a few problems left to be solved.

10 Noem twee van de problemen die naar voren kwamen uit de training die nog moeten worden opgelost.

1.

2.

11 What is the reason for the mix of ‘about 75/25 male/female ratio’ (line 41)?

A It makes the men confident of still being in charge.

B It makes the women feel safer.

C The army does not provide enough facilities for more women.

D There are always more male than female recruits.

12 What does the word ‘they’ (line 49) refer to?

13 “For instance” (line 49) betekent “bijvoorbeeld”. Waar geeft Ron Perry een voorbeeld van?

14 Whose performances benefited most from mixed training? Quote not more than 15 words from the text to explain your answer.

Text 2 – Sir Jumpin’ Jack Flash Knighthoods tend to be given to

Establishment types or those who have given the party in power sufficient cash. There are, of course, honourable exceptions. And now we hear that Mick Jagger, the infamous Jumpin’ Jack Flash and creator of Their Satanic Majesties Request, is to get a royal tap on the shoulder. The old guard would once have dropped dead at the thought of consorting with a man who made his name with sex, drugs and rock’n’roll. The young Jagger