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Textile Fibres and Constructions
Elisabeth HeimdalBSc in Textile Engineering
MSc in Design & InnovationPhD student at the section for Innovation & Sustainability
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What is a textile fibre?
“Fibres are units of matter having length at least 100 times their diameter or width. ”
In other words: Fibres are long and thin materials.
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What is a textile construction?
A textile construction is what holds fibres together in a textile.
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Form Groups!
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1 – Fibre
• Try to identify what kind of fibre the textile is made of.
• Look, touch, smell, (listen)!
• Which properties does the used fibre give the textile?
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Different kinds of textile fibres
• Natural fibres – long history
• Man-made fibres – since 1900:
o Synthetic fibres – from polymers
o Regenate fibre – e.g. from cellulose
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Properties of different kinds of textile fibresFibre Moist
absorbanceAbrasionresistance
Cotton High High
Wool High Medium
Silk High Medium
Polyester Low (Very) High
Viscose High Medium
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2 - Construction
• Try to define how the fibres are held together into a textile.
• Look, touch, stretch!
• Which properties does the used construction give the textile?
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Properties of different kinds of textile constructions
• Woven textiles Stiff textile
• Knitted textiles Elastic textile
• Non-woven textiles Cheap textile
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Influence Between Fibre & Construction and Final Properties
• There are no good or bad textile fibres or textile constructions.
• It all depends on what the final textile is going to be used for.
• Each textile fibre & construction has its place, consequences and cost.
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Textiles can be used for so much!
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“Future textiles” Design Competition
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“Future textiles” Design Competition
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“Future textiles” Design Competition
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Thank you for your attention!