textiles-specification for treated/coated fabrics for ...€¦ · 2 1. scope 1.1 this draft...

TDC3 (5600) P3

Textiles-Specification for Treated/Coated fabrics for various applications

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Contents

0. Foreword ......................................................................................................................................................... 1

1. Scope............................................................................................................................................................... 2

2. Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 2

3. Requirements ................................................................................................................................................. 2

4. Workmanship and finish .............................................................................................................................. 4 4.3 Coating .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 4.4 Resistance to damage by flexing ............................................................................................................... 4

5. TESTS .............................................................................................................................................................. 4 5.2 Test specimens ............................................................................................................................................ 4

6. Packing, Marking and Storage ...................................................................................................................... 5 6.1 Packing ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 6.2 Marking ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 6.3 Storage .......................................................................................................................................................... 5

7. Sampling and Criteria for Conformity .......................................................................................................... 5 7.1 Scale of sampling ......................................................................................................................................... 5

ANNEX A ............................................................................................................................................................. 7

ANNEX B ........................................................................................................................................................... 10

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Textiles- Specification for Treated/coated fabrics for various applications

Foreword

This Draft Tanzania Standard has been prepared to help treated/coated fabric manufacturers and any

other interested parties to be able to produce products of high quality.

The main objective of this Draft Tanzania Standard is to achieve lower mass per unit area of the finished

fabric through the use of light weight base fabrics (substrates), and coatings to produce coated fabric with

maximum tensile, tearing strength and ageing properties with improved performance.

To achieve certain end-uses or to improve the performance of the coated fabric, the possible combination

of base fabric and coating shall be taken by selecting the materials (both base fabric and coating with

desired properties which are in mind for particular end-uses.

In deciding whether a particular requirement of this Draft Tanzania Standard is complied with, the final

value observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis shall be rounded off in

accordance with TZS 4:2009-Rounding off numerical values.

In the preparation of this Draft Tanzania Standard assistance was derived from:

IS 12649: 1989 Treated/Coated fabrics for various applications-guide for selection (PCD 13: Rubber &

rubber products)

IS 1259: 1984: -Vinyl Coated fabrics (PCD 13: Rubber and Rubber products), published by the Indian

Standards Institution

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1. Scope

1.1 This Draft Tanzania Standard describes requirements, methods of sampling and test for fabric

coated/treated by wax, rubber (natural and synthetic, polyethylene, polyurethane and vinyl. This Draft

Tanzania Standards provides guidelines for the selection of right combination of base fabric and

coating which is desirable for a coated / treated fabric for the specific end-uses.

1.2 It also recommends preferred characteristics of the base fabric, weight of the finished fabric and

coating for specific applications.

2. Normative references

For the purpose of this Draft Tanzania Standard the following references shall apply:

a) TZS 534: 2017 Textiles – Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing b) TZS 1660: 2014, Polyurethane (PU) Coated Leather- Specification

c) TZS 21: 2018 Textiles – Determination of mass per unit length and per unit area of woven or

knitted fabrics. d) TZS 663: Cotton woven canvas material – Specification

e) TZS 22-1:2018 Textiles – Tensile properties of fabrics- Part 1: Determination of maximum

force and elongation at maximum force using the strip method

f) TZS 44: 2017 Textiles – Woven or knitted fabrics – Determination of length and width.

3. Requirements

3.1 The end-use and selection criteria of treated/coated fabrics depend largely on base fabrics used to

produce coated/treated fabrics. The properties of the fabric to be used are given in Annex A. The coating

materials with their inherent properties are given in Annex B.

3.2 With particular end-use in view, a list of substrates and types of coating with limiting mass per unit

area and essential performance tests are given in Table 1. This table is intended to be used as a guide in

selecting the combinations of right substrates and coatings with specific performance for intended

applications.

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TABLE 1- END-USES OF TREATED/COATED FABRIC AND THEIR SELECTION CRITERIA

S/N End-use Base fabrics Mass per unit

area, g/m2

Flexing endurance, cycles, min Breaking

Strength , kg

f/5cm, min

1 Fumigation covers Type A cotton

Type B HDPE/PP woven fabric Type C, Nylon woven fabric

200 - 650

First stage: No damage after 10,000

Second stage: No damage after 25,000

30

2 Water resistant

fabrics

Woven cotton

Knitted cotton

Nylon

Polyester/cotton

Rayon

Jute

polypropylene

65 - 400



25

3 Tarpaulins Cotton

Nylon

Polyester-cotton

Polyester

HDPE/PP

jute

150 - 450



30

4 Upholstery

materials

Woven cotton

Knitted cotton

Rayon

Blended fabrics

NylonJute

polyester

200 - 700



25

5

Material for

footwear

Woven cotton

Knitted cotton

Rayon

Blended fabric

Nylon

polyester

400 - 1300



25

6 Chemically resistant

material

Woven cotton

Knitted cotton

Nylon

Polyester-cotton

200 - 500 First stage: No damage after 5,000


25

7 Radiation proof

fabrics

Cotton

Nylon

Polyester-cotton



35

8

Fire resistance

fabrics

Cotton

Nylon

Polyester-cotton

Glass

Polyester

jute

300 - 1100



30

4

9 Floatation

equipment

Woven nylon

Knitted Nylon

Woven Polyester

Knitted Polyester



30

10 Mountaineering

equipment Cotton

Nylon

Polyester-cotton



20

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Rot resistance

fabric

Jute

1 to 2 percent

add on the

mass of the

fabric



40

Test method TZS 326: 1988 TZS 21: 2018 TZS 206: 1984 TZS 22-1: 2018

NOTE

1. The lower range is normally applicable in case of items with synthetic substrates having high strength, smooth finish and low coating. The higher range is normally applicable in case of coarse fabrics requiring substantial amount of coatings.

2. Wherever polyurethane coating is used, the limiting mass can be substantially less than the lower limit indicated.

4. Workmanship and finish

4.1 The appearance, workmanship, finish and in all other respects not mentioned in this specification, the

material shall be of uniform surface finish and contain no bubbles and blisters. It shall be substantially free from pinhole, creases or streaks. Colour, grain embossing and finish, whether in single colour or multi-colour

effects shall be as agreed between the buyer and seller.

4.3 Coating The compound used for coating shall be made from suitable copolymer as mentioned in sub clause 1.1. It

shall be pigmented to meet specified colour requirements. The coating shall be uniformly applied on one

side of the base fabric and shall be substantially free from pinholes, cracks and other flaws.

4.4 Resistance to damage by flexing

The coated/treated fabric shall comply with the number of flexing cycles given in Table 1

5. Tests

5.1 Test shall be conducted as per prescribed in appropriate appendices and relevant Test methods

given in Table 1

5.2 Test specimens

Test pieces shall be cut from the samples in the required size and in the appropriate manner as specified

in the individual methods of test. The test specimens shall be selected from one meter sample of full

width, when it is laid on a flat rigid surface with fabric side upper most without any tension in either

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direction. In case where less than one metre sample is to be tested the number of the tested specimens

may be reduced at the discretion of the customer.

6. Packing, Marking and Storage

6.1 Packing

The treated/coated fabric shall be securely packed in the form of roll so as to ensure safe transportation.

6.2 Marking

The treated/coated fabric shall be marked at the outer end of each roll with

a) manufacturers name and address

b) trade –mark and grade of the material,

c) Date of manufacture

d) Length of material in metres.

6.3 Storage

The rolls of coated/treated fabric shall be stored vertically on dry, clean and level surface and they must

be free from dust, moisture, direct sunlight, corrosive (if fixed with eyelet) and solvent fumes.

7. Sampling and Criteria for Conformity

7.1 Scale of sampling

7.1.1 Lot-in any consignment, all rolls of coated/treated fabric of the same grade, colour and finish shall

be grouped together and each such group shall constitute a lot.

7.1.2 The conformity of the lot to the requirement of the specification shall be ascertained for each lot

separately. The number of rolls to be selected from the lot shall depend on the size of the lot and shall be

at random in accordance with table 2 below:

Table 2-Scale of Sampling

Sn Lot size No of rolls to be

selected

1 1 1

2 2 to 100 2

3 101 to 200 3

4 201 to 300 4

5 301 and above 5

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ANNEX A (Informative)

TABLE 3-TEXTILE FIBRE COMPARISON CHART

SN Fibre properties Fibre glass Filament E Glass

Cotton Viscose rayon

Nylon, nylon filament

polyester

Regular Intermediate tenacity Filament and staple

High tenacity

Regular High tenacity

1 Breaking tenacity, g/d 6.0-7.3 Wet 3.9 to 4.7 Loop 0.9 to 1.1 Knot 1.8 to 2.2

3.3 to 6.37 NA NA

1.5 to 2.4 0.7 to 1.4 1.0 to 1.5 0.7 to 1.4

2.4 to 3.2 1.2 to 1.9 1.5 to 2.2 1.4 to 2.1

3.0 to 5.0 1.9 to 3.6 2.3 to 2.5 2.2 to 2.4

4.5 to 5.8 4.3 to 5.3 3.8 to 5.4 3.8 to 5.3

6.8 to 8.6 5.4 to 7.5 7.0 6.1

4.7 to 6.0 4.7 to 6.0 6.8 to 10.0 4.0 to 5.0

2 Tensile strength, Mpa 1380 to 1520 300 to 750 200 to 320 320 to 450 450 to 720 500 to 580 750 to 860 810 to 970

3 Extension at break, % 3.0 to 4.0 Wet 2.5 to 3.5

3 to 7 15 to 30 20 to 40

15 to 20 17 to 30

16 to 17.5 19 to 24

35 to 50 35 to 50

4 Elastic recovery , % 100 74 at 2 percent 45 at 5 percent

30 to 74 at 4 percent

97 at 2 percent

70 to 100 at 2 percent

100 at 2 percent 100 at 8 percent

100 at 4 percent

90 to 95

5 Average stiffness, g/d 322 57 to 60 11.1 16.6 25.5 to 29 23 48 54 to 77

6 Average toughness, j/m3 0.07

0.15

0.19 0.21 0.22 to 0.30 0.67 0.75 0.35 to 0.55

7 Relative density 2.54 1.54 1.56 to 1.52 1.14 1.38

8 Water absorbency, % a) 21° C, 65 percent

relative humidity b) 21°C, 95 percent

relative humidity c) 100 percent

relative humidity

None Up to 0.3 percent(surface)

7 21 to 27

13: 11 is commercial standard 27

- -

- -

4 to 5 6.5 to 8.5

- -

0.4 0.6

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SN

Fibre properties

Fibre glass

Filament E Glass

Cotton

Viscose rayon

Nylon, nylon filament

polyester

Regular Intermediate tenacity Filament and staple

High tenacity

Regular High tenacity

9 Effect of heat Will not burb, losses up to 50 percent tensile strength at 370°C. Strength continuous to decline to softening point at 835°C

Highly resistant to degradation. Yellows at 120°C, after 5h, decomposed at 150°C

Does not melt, losses strength at 150°C. Decompose at 180 to 200°C

Melts between 215 to 250°C. yellow slightly at 150C when held for 5h

Softening point 220 to 240°C and melting point 245 to 260°C

10 Effect of acid Resists most acids Disintegrated by hot dilute acids or cold concentrated acids, Unaffected by cold weak acids

Similar to cotton: hot diluted or cold concentrate disintegrate fibre

Oxidizing agents and mineral acids, such as hydrochloric and sulphuric cause degradation. Others such as benzoic and oxalic will cause loss in tenacity and elongation depending upon time and concentration 750 to 860

Good in normal use, soluble in hot concentrated acids

11 Effect of alkalies Resists most alkalies Swelling (mercerization) in caustic but no damage

Strong solution causes swelling and reduces strength

Substantially inert Generally good but slightly hydrolyzed specially with amines

12 Effect of other chemicals

Generally good Bleached by hypochlorites and peroxides: Oxidizes into oxycellulose. Swells and disintergrates in cuprammonium by droxide

Attached by strong oxidizing agent, not damaged by hypochlorite or peroxide bleaches

Generally good resistance Strong resistance

13 Effect of organic chemicals

unaffected resistance Generally insoluble; soluble in cuprammonium and a few complex compaunds

Generally insoluble; soluble in some phenolic compaunds and in concentrate formic acid

Resistant , soluble in phenols, concentrated alkalies and ethylene glycol

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14 Dyes used Resin bonded pigments. Special technique utilizing protein film applied during manufacture for Vat, direct acid and chrome

Direct, vat, azoic, basic, mordant, pigment, sulphur

Same as for cotton medium and high tenacity are harder to dye

Has a marked affinity for all types of dyestaffs including direct acid, premetallized acid, chrome and \vat colours as well as the newer complex types. New colour effects may be obtained in cross-dying when used in conjunction with other types of nylon

Disperse, ezoic and cationic

15 Resistance to mildew Not attached (binder may be, however)

Poor unless bleached or acetylated

attached Not attached Not attached

16 Identification Does not burn Burns rapidly leaves fine grey ash and no bead. Longitudinal appearance is flat and ribbon like with convolution. Dissolves in 80 percent cold sulphuric acid

Does not melt, burns readily with little ash, insoluble in acetone

Melts before burning, self-extinguishing, insoluble in acetone or boiling sodium hydroxide solutions; soluble in concentrated formic acid and xylenol. Dissolves slowly in chloral hydrate

Retains its fibre form after boiling for 1 min in 90 percent phosphoric acid. Ignites with difficulty, burns giving off an aromatic odour

NOTE- This table has been reproduced from Owens Corning Fibre glass Fabric book 1964. Values for polyester fibre have been taken from textile world

manmade fibre chart 1986 and paper of Shri C. Bhattacharya (IPCL) published in Man Made fibres International 1981 Vol.1

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ANNEX B Informative (Clause 3.2)

TABLE 4- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF RUBBER AND PVC

SN Properties Nitrile Rubber

Styrene-butadiene

rubber (SBR)

Isobutylene Isoprene rubber

Polychloroprene Rubber

Natural Rubber

Silicon Rubber

Plasticized PVC

Polyurethane Chlorosulphonated polyethylene

(CSM)

1 Scuff resistance P P GE GE P E E E G

2 Weather resistance

F

F

GE E

F

E

E

E E

3 Heat resistance G FG GE G F E F3 and 4 F G

4 Chemical resistance

FG

FG

E

FG

FG

GE

E

P

G

5 Oil resistance E P P FG P PG GE5 E G

6 Impermeability G F E G F P E G G

7 Cold resistance G G G FG G E G6 G F

8 Tear resistance FG FG G FG GE P G E F

9 Abrasion resistance

G

G

FG

G

E

P

E

E

F

10 Set resistance GE G FG F G GE F G FG

11 Dynamic properties

GE

G

F

F

E

P

E

E

G

12 Acid resistance F F G FG FG FG E P G

13 Tensile strength GE GE G G E P GE3 EG GG

14 Electrical properties

F

G

G

F

G

E

E

FG

FG

15 Water/steam resistance

FG

FG

G

F

FG F

G/P3

P

G

16 Flame resistance P P P G P G E7 P G

Code definitions: P = Poor

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F = Fair G = Good E = Excellent NOTE – The above properties serve only as a guide and are applicable for only properly compounded and vulcanized rubber

textiles-specification for treated/coated fabrics for ...€¦ · 2 1. scope 1.1 this draft...

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