tfiam, 25 - 27 may 2005, berlintill spranger activities of icp m&m 2004 - 2006 and results of...
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TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
Activities of ICP M&M2004 - 2006
and
Results of the 21st TF meeting
Till Spranger
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
• back-to-back with CCE WS: 25 - 29 April 2005, Berlin
• 45 participants from 24 NFCs + (Secretariat), WGE, EMEP Centres and ICPs.
• ... had the following main subjects: ... had the following main subjects: cooperation with EMEP (land cover, base cooperation with EMEP (land cover, base
cation deposition, HM deposition)cation deposition, HM deposition) call for data results (HM)call for data results (HM) Call for data results (N&S: critical loads and Call for data results (N&S: critical loads and
dynamic modelling results)dynamic modelling results) NitrogenNitrogen
The 2005 Task Force meeting...
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
• Much higher CL(N, S) exceedances than 1998 dataset• mostly due to land cover specific MSC-West Unified Model
• Harmonized Land Cover• Will (hopefully) be available late summer 2005:• CORINE LC where available; SEI elsewhere; hierarchical
links to national LC databases by NFCs• Ecosystem classification: EUNIS
• Base cation deposition• Important for CL(acid); backup for NFC data• New data available (MSC-West UM)• To be further tested and amended
• Historical S, N (and not BC) deposition• Important for dynamic modelling
• Heavy metal deposition• Critical load exceedance report with EMEP MSC-East
Cooperation with EMEP
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
Heavy Metals: Call for data resultsSee WGE document /10 Add.1; CCE / MSC-East Report
• CLs for various effects on ecosystems and on human health
• 17 NFCs submitted CL data (16 for Cd, Pb; 9 for Hg), mostly for effects in or via terrestrial ecosystems
Further work on timescales of recovery / damage
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
• 14 NFCs submitted revised CL data (overall data from 25 NFCs)
• 14 (13) NFCs submitted additional input data for dynamic modelling and target loads
• Rest of Europe filled in by background database
• ensures that information on sensitive ecosystems is representative on a European scale
• „CL and TL data robust for policy application“ (i.e. IAM)
-> can / should be used as basis for Gothenburg Protocol revision and CAFE
Sulfur and Nitrogen: Call for data results
See WGE document 2005/10 and CCE Status Report
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
• Exceedances have been reduced, but remain widespread especially for eutrophication:
– Area exceeded for acidification in 1980 / 2010• in total Europe: 49% / 7%
• in EU25: 49% / 13%
– Area exceeded for eutrophication in 1980 / 2010• in total Europe: 38% / 29%
• In EU25: 81% / 66%
– Maxima mostly in areas dominated by NH3 emissions
Sulfur and Nitrogen: CL exceedancesSee CCE Status Report
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
• CLs of nutrient nitrogen remain strongly exceeded even after GP implementation
• Strong links to biological processes, climate change
• Aim: (dynamic) modelling of biodiversity and other N deposition related effects on a European scale in an IAM framework
• Further work necessary on, a.o.:• Choice of effects indicators (e.g. C/N,... ), dose/effect
relations, and critical limits
• Assessment of interactions between air pollution and climate change (e.g. long-term C and N sequestration, long-term N2O,
CH4 etc. emissions)
• National approaches (NL, D, SE, DK, ...)
• Cooperation with other ICPs, JEG and external networks
Nitrogen
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
But nitrogen is more than LRTAP: The nitrogen cascade
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
60
568
5
190
32 67
1087
32 42
2 5
2050 production scaled to:-> Population increase relative to 1995-> N. American per capita Nr production
after Galloway and Cowling, 2002
and it´s getting worse:Nr production in 1995 and 2050 Tg
N/y
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
An integrated approach to Nitrogen pollution
FCCC
CLRTAPNEC Dir.
AQ Directive
Directiveson emissioncontrol
Manure
Combustion
Soil NO3 N2O
Effects on ecosystems o.a. decrease in
biodiversity
Effects on materials and cultural heritage
Climate change
Effects on human and animal health
NH3
NH4NO3
HNO3
NOx
Fertilizerindustry
CO2, CH4,SF6, HFK, PFK, ..
SO2, (NH4)2SO4
N2
Aquatic NO3
Nitrate DirectiveWater Directive
CBD ?
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
Nitrogen and M&M:Links to external developments
• NitroEurope etc. (primary research)• COST Action 729 (research synthesis,
source-receptor links)• ESF Project (multiple N forms&
impacts; management)• International Nitrogen Initiative
• CBD Indicators (SEBI 2010):N Deposition
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
UNEP / SCOPE / IGBPInternational
Nitrogen Initiative (INI)
COST ActionAtmosphere-Biosphere& multiple N strategies
IGBP - iLEAPS
NitroEurope IPESF Project
European NitrogenManagement
Research SynthesisModel harmonization &source-receptor links
Primary ResearchMeasurement & modelling
at multiple scales
Projects
Core Role
MainDeliverables
Methods, datasets, process understanding, models, maps, trends
verification, uncertainty
InternationalUsers
Refined parameterization, integrated assessmentand analysis of Kyoto-Gothenburg synergies
EMEP/WMO Task Force on
Measurement & Modelling
ENC and Analysisof links between multiple
N forms and impacts
Synthesis of synergies& recommendations
for Integrated Nitrogen Management
Input to underpin Convention negotiations
FCCC, CLRTAP & others
Ongoing Activities ETNA Cluster
UNFCCC: IPCC and Monitoring Mechanism
European Commission and National Parties
Other EU research projects
National research activities
CarboEurope IP
UNEP / SCOPE / IGBPInternational
Nitrogen Initiative (INI)
COST ActionAtmosphere-Biosphere& multiple N strategies
IGBP - iLEAPS
NitroEurope IPESF Project
European NitrogenManagement
Research SynthesisModel harmonization &source-receptor links
Primary ResearchMeasurement & modelling
at multiple scales
Projects
Core Role
MainDeliverables
Methods, datasets, process understanding, models, maps, trends
verification, uncertainty
InternationalUsers
Refined parameterization, integrated assessmentand analysis of Kyoto-Gothenburg synergies
EMEP/WMO Task Force on
Measurement & Modelling
ENC and Analysisof links between multiple
N forms and impacts
Synthesis of synergies& recommendations
for Integrated Nitrogen Management
Input to underpin Convention negotiations
FCCC, CLRTAP & others
Ongoing Activities ETNA Cluster
UNFCCC: IPCC and Monitoring Mechanism
European Commission and National Parties
Other EU research projects
National research activities
CarboEurope IP
European Transboundary Nitrogen
Activity
CBDEEA/ECNCSEBI 2010
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
COST 729 Challenges
• Much knowledge on causal chain and interaction with other cycles
• Development and extension of IAM necessary• Source - receptor modelling, including
atmosphere biosphere interactions and climatic influences
• Non-linearities and coupling with other cycles – Nr affects climate (N2O, aerosols)– Climate change affects SRM through meteo and
chemistry– Feedback mechanisms
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
Conclusions on Nitrogen
• CLRTAP effects-based emission abatement policy has been successful for S but not as much for N; it needs to be extended / linked to biodiversity and climate change policies and targets
• Multi-media and multi-effect research and policy development needed to– reduce uncertainties– link and optimize management and
abatement strategies
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
Summary: M&M Future• Classic tasks:
• Input to Multipollutant and HM Protocol review / possible revision
• Input to EU CAFE process• New focus:
• Nitrogen deposition – biodiversity – climate change
• Aim: Modelling of biodiversity and other effects of nitrogen in an IAM framework
• Instruments: • dynamic modelling with feedbacks, using
effects indicators such as C/N, BS; • help with extension of IAMs?
• Cooperation with CLRTAP internal and external organisations
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
ICP M&M Website www.icpmapping.org
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
NitroEurope Challenges
• What are the quantitative components of nitrogen budgets for European ecosystems and how do these respond to the drivers of global change?
• How much does nitrogen control carbon exchange and net greenhouse gas budgets for European terrestrial ecosystems?
• How could a European N emissions strategy contribute to EU objectives in reducing greenhouse gas emissions?
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
ESF Proposal: Nitrogen in Europe:
Assessment of current problems and future solutions
• Assessment of alteration of (European) N cycle• Scientific Network Programme (5 years):
– Provide overviews of literature, current studies, databases and models relevant for the N cascade
– Grants for exchange visits– Workshops– Summer schools– Conferences– Databases, models– Webpage, dissemination
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
• Review of the EU NEC Directive
• CAFÉ / Thematic Strategy
• CBA & LCA• Don´t use CLs in full CBA
• Use in MCA is OK
• Impact factors for LCA
• Data rules
(Other) uses of critical loads data
TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger
International Nitrogen Initiative
• Synthesis of international nitrogen science activities for improved nitrogen management
Overall goal: “optimize nitrogen’s beneficial role in sustainable food production and minimize nitrogen’s negative effects on
human health and the environment resulting from food and energy production”
• European Nitrogen Centre (ENC): Jan Willem Erisman (ECN)
http://www.initrogen.org
feeding into…