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TGD and Quantum Biology

PowerPoint presentation Matti Pitkänen 08/09/2000

Postal address:

Köydenpunojankatu 2 D 11

10940, Hanko, Finland

E-mail: matpitka@luukku.com

URL-address: http://tgdtheory.com

(former address: http://www.helsinki.fi/~matpitka )

"Blog" forum: http://matpitka.blogspot.com/

Abstract

A. Basic ideas and concepts

B. Superconductivity in living matter

C. Quantum model for EEG

TGD

2

A. Basic ideas and concepts (mhtml:http://www.helsinki.fi/~matpitka/tgdppt/tgdbiogeneralweb.mht!tgdbiogeneralweb_files/frame.ht

m )

1. Basic conceptual framework

2. Applications

3. Many-sheeted Space-Time

4. Dark Matter and p-adic hierarchies

5. Number theoretical miracle

6. new view about Time and Energy

7. S-matrix in Zero Energy Ontology

8. (graphic)

9. seeing into the geometric-Past

10. Many-sheeted Meta

11. the notion of Magnetic Body

3

1. Basic conceptual framework

● TGD-inspired theory of Consciousness. Quantum jump as moment of consciousness. Notion of

"self". Self hierarchy.

● p-Adic physics as physics of cognition and intention.

● New view about the relationship between experienced- and geometric-time. New view about

memory and intentional action.

● Many-sheeted space-time. The notion of magnetic body.

● Dark matter hierarchy and dynamical Planck constant: zooming. Hierarchy of Macroscopic

quantum phases. Dark EEG photons can have energies above thermal threshold.

4

2. Applications

● “Dropping” of particles to larger space-time sheets as a universal mechanism of metabolism.

"Quantum credit card" as a mechanism of remote metabolism.

● TGD-based view about high Tc superconductivity. New view about cell membrane.

● Effects of ELF EM fields on vertebrate brain. Cyclotron condensates of dark ions at flux quanta of

dark magnetic field.

● A model for a hierarchy of EEGs. Dark matter at magnetic flux body receives information from

and controls ordinary matter in living system.

● The notions of super- and hyper-genome. Great leaps in Evolution as increases in the largest value

of Planck constant associated with the system.

5

3. Many-sheeted Space-Time

● Both microscopic and Macroscopic structures correspond to topology of space-time. Physical objects

as space-time sheets. Many-sheeted space-time.

● Topological field quantization. The notion of field/magnetic body. Magnetic flux quanta, massless

extremals/ topological light rays.

( Massless Extremals )

● Universal metabolic energy quanta. “Dropping” of particles to larger space-time sheets can liberate

metabolic energy as Zero-Point kinetic energy. General mechanism of metabolism. Metabolic

energy quanta universal and determined by p-adic length scale hypothesis.

● Hierarchy of scaled variants of standard model physics. Long-ranged QCD, EW interactions in

various length scales.

6

4. Dark Matter and p-adic hierarchies

● Dark matter hierarchy and dynamical Planck constants. Hierarchy of Macroscopic quantum

phases. Zoomed-up variants of particles with same masses. h(M4)= na£h0 and h(CP2)= nb£h0.

Observed Planck constant heff= (na/nb)h0.

● Preferred values of na and nb correspond to n-polygons constructible using compass and ruler

number theoretically suggestive since the quantum phase exp(iπ/n) is expressible using iterated

square rooting to rational number and thus very simple:

n= 2k Õs Fs , Fs = 2

2s +1 , s = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ?

Given Fs at most once. The known Fermat primes 3,5,17, 257, 216

+1.

● n = 2k11

, k=0,1,2,… seems to be favored in living matter. 211

is a fundamental constant in TGD.

7

5. Number theoretical miracle

● p-Adic space-time sheets as correlates of cognition and intention. Discrete number of rational

(algebraic) points common with real space-time sheets.

● p-Adic fractality due to p-adic effective topology. p-Adic length scale hypothesis: p≈2k, k integer,

preferredly prime.

● Mersenne primes 2n-1 and Gaussian Mersennes (1+i)

n -1 important for elementary particle physics.

● Number theoretical miracle: k=151,157,163,167 define Gaussian Mersennes spanning the range

10 nm-to-2.5 microns. These length scales are crucial for living matter.

8

6. new view about Time and Energy

● Inertial (or Poincare) energy conserved. Sign of energy depends on time orientation of space-time

sheet. Negative energy space-time sheets. Possible to distinguish between positive energy

particle propagating to geometric-Fast and negative energy particle propagating to geometric-Past

if super-canonical conformal weight expressible in terms of zeros of Riemann Zeta is complex.

● Negative energy signal corresponds to phase conjugate photon: positive energy photon

propagating to geometric-Fast is not equivalent with negative energy photon propagating to

geometric-Past. Phase conjugation corresponds to conjugation for super-canonical conformal

weights expressible in terms of zeros Riemann zeta.

● Interpretation in terms of phase conjugation for laser photons generalized to apply to all particles.

● Phase conjugate states have negative time orientation. Second Law in reversed direction of

geometric Time. Self-assembly.

9

7. S-matrix in Zero Energy Ontology

● Zero energy ontology. Physical states have vanishing conserved quantum numbers. Everything

creatable from vacuum by intentional action (quantum jump transforming p-adic space-time sheet

to real space-time sheet).

● Initial/final states of particle reaction correspond positive/negative energies. Positive energy

ontology good approximation if temporal distance between positive and negative energy states

long in time scale of perception.

● New interpretation for coherent states of Cooper pairs! Could also DNA and other biomolecules

appear in quantum superposition?

● Could thermodynamical states involving “superposition” of states with different conserved quantum

numbers have quantal counterparts?

10

8. (graphic)

11

9. seeing into the geometric-Past

● Remote metabolism by sending negative energy to a system able to receive it (say, population-

inverted laser. Dropping of particles to larger space-time sheets and liberation of zero point kinetic

energy.

● General mechanism of intentional action. Intention to desire as p-adic-to-real transition. Desire to

initiate action realized as negative energy signal to geometric-Past where it induces neural activity

leading to the action. Negative energy topological light rays (M(assless)E(xtremal)s). Charged

entanglement by massless W MEs). Libet’s finding that neural activity precedes conscious

decision support this view.

● Long-term memories and new view about space-time. Time mirror mechanism of memory recall.

Seeing into geometric-Past by time reflection from the brain of geometric-Past just like seeing in

ordinary sense by ordinary reflection.

12

10. Many-sheeted Metabolism

13

10. the notion of Magnetic Body

● Magnetic body uses biological body as motor instrument and sensory receptor. Communications

and control using scaled variants of EEG. Josephson radiation and cyclotron radiation. Magnetic

bodies contain dark matter in large h phase. Cyclotron BE condensates, Cooper pairs.

● Findings of Libet and others about strange delays of consciousness can be understood as time delays

due to the communication of sensory data to the magnetic body. Onion-like structure.

● Mechanism for intentional action applied by magnetic body. Makes system extremely flexible.

Findings of Libet again!

● Charged entanglement and large h negative energy quanta of exotic W bosons make possible

remote control by inducing modifications of classical EM fields at space-time sheets of ordinary

inducing ionic currents in living matter. Many-sheeted Faraday law.

● Magnetic body as user of metabolic energy using "quantum credit card" by sending negative

energy to the energy storage. Extreme flexibility.

14

B. Superconductivity in Living Matter (mhtml:http://www.helsinki.fi/~matpitka/tgdppt/tgdbiosupercweb.mht!tgdbiosupercweb_files/frame.htm

)

1. Findings about high Tc Superconductivity

2. Quantum criticality due to presence of 2 kinds of Cooper pairs

3. Exotic Cooper pairs

4. Model for Exotic and BCS Cooper pairs

5. Why the doping fraction is in critical range?

6. Excitation Energies

7. arguments and findings challenging notions of Ionic Pump and Channel

8. TGD-based explanation of Anomalies

9. Model for Cooper pairs of high Tc superconductor

15

1. Findings about high Tc Superconductivity

● Cuprates. Formation of stripes in anti-ferromagnetic CuO planes. Mott insulators with

magnetically “frozen” valence electrons which somehow begin to conduct along striples which are

anti-ferromagnetic defects containing holes added by doping. Critical doping fraction 0.15.

● In superconducting phase, stripes must fluctuate. Coherence lengths short: Type II superconductor

if h ordinary(!).

● Spin 1 and L=2: J=2 states Cooper pairs present. Evidence also for S=0 BCS-type Cooper pairs.

● Simple power law behavior for resistance as function of temperature also above Tc up to another

critical temperature Tc1. Power law behavior and spin glass character suggests quantum

criticality involving competition of 2 phases. Anti-ferromagnetic order destroyed by disorder

allowing possibly phononic superconductivity.

● Poorly understood excitation energies. Onset of optical absorption at 50 meV. Second derivative

for photon absorption peaked at 68 meV. Resonant neutron scattering at 41 meV. References.

See also this.

16

2. Quantum criticality due to presence of 2 kinds of Cooper pairs

● Competition of 2 phases below pseudo gap temperature Tc1>Tc. Both phases correspond to large

Planck constant. Exotic and BCS-type Cooper pairs.

● Exotic Cooper pairs due to some new interaction and unstable against decay to ordinary h state at

quantum criticality. Reduction of superconductivity to conductivity. Quantum criticality

explains scaling laws and fluctuating stripes.

● BCS-type Cooper pairs with large h and thus high Tc.

● The value of Planck constant h = 211

h0. Scaled-up electron has size L(149=127+2´11=149)=5 nm.

Thickness of lipid layer of cell membrane. Exotic Cooper pair consists of a pair of zoomed up

electrons topologically condensed on cylinders of length L(151)= 10 nm in different layers.

17

3. Exotic Cooper pairs

● Coherence lengths scaled up to 1-4 mm! Ordinary superconductors have coherence lengths up to 1

mm.

● Tc scaled up too.

● Dual of Type I superconductor instead of Type II superconductor! Stripes analogous to magnetic

defects in Type I superconductor. Anti-ferromagnetic quantal counterpart of superconductor of

Type I in critical magnetic field.

● Large size of exotic Cooper pairs solves the problem of integrating the supra phases assigned with

stripes to supra phase in longer length scale.

● Exotic Cooper pairs formed from neighboring electrons with parallel spins in hole-stripe by a phase

transition increasing h. Breakdown of anti-ferromagnetism necessary.

18

4. Model for Exotic and BCS Cooper pairs

● Exotic Cooper pairs: pairs of cylindrical space-time sheets containing electron per sheet.

● Wormhole contacts feed EM charge to large space-time sheet. If 2 wormholes per electron, then

wormholes have quark-antiquark pair at partonic throats.

● Wormhole contact light Higgs-like particle. Scaled-up dark color force binds the cylinders to

exotic Cooper pair! Exotic Cooper pairs can possess spin.

● Minimization of energy using data about transition energies fixes the size scale of Cooper pair to

L(151). Thickness of cell membrane and of lipid layer as predictions!

● Electrons of BCS-type Cooper pair inside single cylinder and bound by phonon interaction.

● Exotic Cooper pair can decay to BCS-type pair: second electron hops to the space-time sheet of

its companion. Generates BCS-type phase below Tc<Tc1.

19

5. Why the doping fraction is in critical range?

● Cusp type (van der Waals) singularity with T and doping fraction p as variables explains the

existence of superconductivity in a finite range for p. How to understand this?

● Assume that stripes are fixed structure with fixed hole concentration. Fractality inspires the notion

of super-stripe having also fixed hole density. Super-stripe has thickness L(151)=10 nm

consisting of 2 layers of thickness L(149) =5 nm and carries supra currents. Super-stripe contains

stripes of thickness of few atom lengths and average length L(149).

● Lattice of super-stripes. Distance between super-stripes fixed by doping fraction. The density of

super-stripes cannot be too large (Coulomb repulsion) and their distance cannot be longer than

coherence length. This gives limits on p.

● Inside super-stripes, electrons in quantum critical state below Tc1 and able to transform to both

ordinary and dark electrons.

● Note: super-canonical radial conformal weights of electrons correspond to zeros of Riemann ζ at

criticality.

20

6. Excitation Energies

● Excitation energies. 68 meV BE for BCS-type Cooper pair with members at same layer. 27 meV

BE for exotic Cooper pair with members at different layers. 41 meV energy transforms pairs to

each other. Criticality: both kinds of pairs co-exist.

● 50 meV critical voltage for nerve pulse generation!: quantum criticality? 50 meV as the energy of

Josephson photon kicking Cooper from interior phase to the boundary phase? Is cell a high Tc

superconductor?!

● Generalization to bio-superconductivity. Super-stripes which look locally like flat membranes

replaced by cell membranes. Are only cell membranes super-conducting? Cell interior contains a

lot endoplasma membranes.

21

7. arguments and findings challenging notions of Ionic Pump and Channel

● Astronomical number of channels and pumps needed. Further problem: Also cat can walk

through the door allowing dog to get in. One could perhaps circumvent the problem by coding

various chemicals using a reasonable number binary digits but can this be achieved in the

framework of standard chemistry? Channels and pumps could be also generated by self-

organization process when needed.

● Quantal character and universality of cell membrane ionic currents. Cell membrane can be even

replaced with a polymer membrane without any essential changes!

● Ionic currents through cell membrane flow even in absence of metabolic energy feed.

● Cellular water does not behave like ordinary water. Does not leak out when cell is rotated,

“ordered water” in some sense.

● References. See also this.

22

8. TGD-based explanation of Anomalies

● Electron and ionic currents could flow as supra- and dark-currents via cell membrane space-

time sheet: small dissipation.

● Universality: the purpose of ionic channels and pumps is not what it is believed to be. Magnetic

body perceives the state of cell membrane environment. Could channels and pumps act as

sensors? Information about ion concentrations by measuring flows through channels and pumps.

● Cell is high Tc superconductor. Could electron pair in cell membrane transform to a dark electron

pair with much larger electron size so that Bose-Einstein condensate is generated? Cell membrane

as quantum critical system (electronic super-canonical conformal weights correspond to zeros of z)

. This in a narrow range of temperatures only (around 37 oC?).

● Cell membrane as interface between different sectors of imbedding space characterized by different

values of Planck constants?

23

9. Model for Cooper pairs of high Tc superconductor

24

C. Quantum model for EEG (mhtml:http://www.helsinki.fi/~matpitka/tgdppt/tgdbioeegweb.mht!tgdbioeegweb_files/frame.htm )

1. Effects of ELF EM fields on Vertebrates

2. Explanation in terms of large h photons

3. Why Only Vertebrates?

4. Model for a hierarchy of EEGs

5. General structure of EEG

6. Scaled Variants

7. The notions of super- and hyper-genome

8. Quantum leaps in Evolution

25

1. Effects of ELF EM fields on Vertebrates

● ELF EM fields have effects on vertebrate brain at harmonics of cyclotron frequencies of

biologically important ions (in particular, the Ca++

ion in a magnetic field of B= 0.2 Gauss [the

nominal value of Earth's B is 0.5 Gauss] ).

● Odd harmonics favored. Suggests that quantal transitions are in question.

● Thermal noise should mask all effects which appear in very weak fields. Effects appear in amplitude

windows at 10-7

V/m and in the range 1-10 V/m. The latter window corresponds to amplitudes of

EEG.

● Classical models not satisfactory. Vacuum dielectric constant appears in cyclotron frequency rather

than that of water. Cyclotron radii of order 1 meter and should be perturbed badly by Brownian

motion.

● References.

26

2. Explanation in terms of large h photons

● Effects seem to be quantal. But this is “impossible” since ELF photon energies ridiculously small.

For k=4 level of hierarchy (h= 2k11

h0), EEG photons would have energy above thermal energy.

● BE = 0.5 Gauss should be accompanied by a dark magnetic field Bd = 0.2 Gauss (carrying dark

energy!).

● Cyclotron frequencies: If dark cyclotron condensates at magnetic bodies generate cyclotron

radiation involved with bio-control and coordination, then radiation at harmonics of cyclotron

frequencies might interfere with quantum control by magnetic body.

● Amplitude windows: Suppose perturbing field defines a perturbing voltage for Josephson junction.

If perturbing voltage V1 is constant in relevant time scale and comprable to the constant voltage V0

over Josephson junction, then Josephson current is of form J=J0sin(ft), f= Ze(V0-V1)/h .

If f corresponds to a biologically important frequency (say, a frequency-defining biorhythm), a

strong biological effect can result in the amplitude window. Explanation requires hierarchy of

Josephson junctions.

27

3. Why Only Vertebrates?

● Why only vertebrates? Evolutionary level↔highest value of h present in organism! Only for

vertebrates k=4 level would be present at level of single organism and makes possible EEG.

Evolution as increase of largest h!

● At collective level, even bacteria (behaving socially!) could possess k=4 level. Time scale of DNA

expression is 0.05 seconds and indeed suggests collective EEG. EEG of and nest and beehive?

● Also higher levels (h=2k11

h0) at least up to k=7 corresponding to the time scale of order lifetime

present. Prediction for time scales of hierarchy of memories. Hierarchy of biorhytms.

28

4. Model for a hierarchy of EEGs

● Why EEG? Control and communication.

Communication from cell membrane to magnetic body. Control by magnetic body through

genome by activating various gene expressions. Flux sheets through DNA strands make possible

the control.

● Model for high Tc superconductivity suggests that cell is quantum critical high Tc superconductor.

At least, cell membrane must be superconducting in quantum critical sense. Both quantum control

of cell interior by magnetic body and genome and communication from cell membrane to

magnetic body must be simultaneously possible. Electron pairs transformed to large h phase at

cell membrane which is quantum critical system. This might be possible only in a narrow range

of temperatures about 37 oC.

● Cell membrane and its scaled-up variants as Josephson junctions with universal voltage same for

all scaled versions. Josephson energy ZeV does not depend on h whereas Josephson frequency fJ

scales as 1/h. Josephson energy for cell membrane just above thermal threshold. Electronic

Cooper pairs. Quantum critical super-conductivity.

● Cyclotron frequencies fc = ZeB/2πm do note depend on h. Cyclotron energies scale like h so that for

high enough level of hierarchy one obtains energy above thermal threshold. k>3 for B=0.2 Gauss.

29

5. General structure of EEG

● Frequencies combinations of harmonics of cyclotron frequencies fc and Josephson frequency fJ .

● Josephson current determines the spectrum of Josephson radiation.

J = J0*sin(ZeV0t +Ze s V dt) contains frequencies of form

fn = nfc +/- fJ ,

fJ= eV/hbar if V(t) contains only cyclotron frequencies. Noise also present. Alpha band and its

harmonics as cyclotron radiation. Satellites of these bands as Josephson radiation.

● Alpha band corresponds to cyclotron transitions for biologically important bosonic ions. Beta

and theta bands as satellites fc +/- fJ. Perturbations of membrane voltage by cyclotron frequencies

in Josephson current create theta and beta band.

● The narrow resonances in theta and beta bands (3,5,7 Hz) and 13,15,17 Hz (Nunez) correspond to

biologically important bosonic ions with cyclotron frequencies alpha band [ (8,10,12) Hz].

30

6. Scaled Variants

● Strong perturbations (by control signals or noise) lead to a chaotic looking behavior. Beta band is

good example.

● EEG during sleep. Scaled-down version Bd/2 of Bd needed. Scaled-down alpha around 5 Hz, etc..

Left (right) brain hemisphere corresponds to Bd (Bd/2)?

● Scaled variants of EEG predicted. Scaled variants of alpha band in particular. Preferred scalings by

powers of 211

. Prediction of a fractal hierarchy biorhythms by just scaling EEG peaks. More

general scalings correspond to Fermat integers. p-Adically scaled variants of magnetic fields are

also possible. EEG patterns should appear in several time scales.

● EEG hierarchy considerable user of metabolic energy. Ionic pumps and channles not so.

● Fractally scaled-up variants of cell as magnetic flux quanta? Ionospheric cavity and layer below

it as analog of cell membrane at the level of dark space-time sheets.

31

7. The notions of super- and hyper- genome

● Magnetic body controls biological body via genome. Magnetic flux sheets traverse through DNA

strands through DNA. Makes possible for magnetic body to control genetic expression.

● Magnetic flux sheet can traverse through several genomes. Flux quantization with increasing flux

unit requires increase of flux sheet width: more genomes at flux sheet. Genomes along the same

flux quantum-like lines of text. Flux quantum contains rows of genomes like book page contains

the text lines. Fusion of genomes to super-genome: organs become coherent wholes.

● Fusion of super-genomes to hyper-genomes so that groups of organisms form higher level

conscious and genetically controlled entities. Cultural evolution evolution of hyper-genome.

● Coherent gene expression in organs and groups of organisms as a clear cut test. Could introns

correspond to hypergenome? Is electromagnetic expression of genes possible?

32

8. Quantum leaps in Evolution

● Leaps in Evolution are quantum leaps but in a new sense!

● Highest value of h present in organism characterizes its evolutionary level. The higher this value

of h, the longer the geometric time span of mental, the time scale of long-term memory, and the

time scale of planned behavior. The lower the frequency scale of highest scaled variant of EEG

present, the larger than magnetic body of the organism. Evolution at higher levels growth of

magnetic bodies.

● The most important levels correspond to h = 2k11

h0, k=0,1,2,... k=7 seems to be highest level which

still correspond to a time scale not longer than human life span. Quantal variant of chakra

hierarchy!

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