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What should we know more aboutNCAP as a Thai consumer?

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Julaluk Carmai

Automotive Safety and Assessment Engineering Programme (ASAE)TGGS, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok

ASEAN Automobile Safety Forum

2nd December 2014Bangkok, Thailand

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Acknowledgement

ASEAN NCAP for support of information.

Global NCAP website for some information

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ทศวรรษแหงความปลอดภยทางถนน พ.ศ 2554-2563

Thailand agreed to announce 2011-2020 as the Decade of Action For Road Safety in line with the Moscow Declaration.

Goal: Fatalities reduction to 10 persons per 100,000 population within the year 2020

Thailand launched a strategic map for the decade of actions for road safety

แผนทนาทางเชงกลยทธทศวรรษแหงความปลอดภย

UN Decade of Actions for Road safety 2011-2020

Source:

UN Goal: To stabilize and then reduce the forecast level of road traffic fatalities around the world by 2020

Source: ศนยอานวยการความปลอดภยทางถนน

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5 Pillars under decade of actions for road safety

Pillar 1

• Road safety management

Pillar 2

• Safer roads and mobility

Pillar 3

• Safer Vehicles

Pillar 4

• Safer Road users

Pillar 5

• Post‐crash response

A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DECADE

Lead agency strategy

Targets funding

Improved road design for all users

Road infrastructure rating

BAC laws Seat belts and child 

restraints Motorcycle helmets Speed management ISO 39001

Prehospital care Trauma care and 

rehabitation Quality 

assurance

Harmonize global standards

Implement NCAP Equip all new cars 

with minimum safety features 

Promote use of crash avoidance technologies

R&D safety for VRU Encourage managers 

of fleets to purchase, operate and maintain safe vehicles

การบรหารจดการความปลอดภยทางถนน

ถนนและการสญจรอยางปลอดภย

ยานพาหนะปลอดภยผใชรถใชถนนอยางปลอดภย

การตอบสนองหลงการเกดอบตเหต

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5 Pillars under decade of actions for road safety

Pillar 1

• Road safety management

Pillar 2

• Safer roads and mobility

Pillar 3

• Safer Vehicles

Pillar 4

• Safer Road users

Pillar 5

• Post‐crash response

A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DECADE

Lead agency strategy

Targets funding

Improved road design for all users

Road infrastructure rating

BAC laws Seat belts and child 

restraints Motorcycle helmets Speed management ISO 39001

Prehospital care Trauma care and 

rehabitation Quality 

assurance

Harmonize global standards

Implement NCAP Equip all new cars 

with minimum safety features 

Promote use of crash avoidance technologies

R&D safety for VRU Encourage managers 

of fleets to purchase, operate and maintain safe vehicles

การบรหารจดการความปลอดภยทางถนน

ถนนและการสญจรอยางปลอดภย

ยานพาหนะปลอดภยผใชรถใชถนนอยางปลอดภย

การตอบสนองหลงการเกดอบตเหต

Harmonize global standards (สนบสนนใหมการประกาศใชมาตรฐานความปลอดภยตาม WP29)

Implement NCAP (สนบสนนแผนงานประเมนความปลอดภยของรถรนใหม)

Equip all new cars with minimum safety features (กาหนดใหรถใหมจะตองตดเขมขดนรภยและมระบบยดรง)

Promote use of crash avoidance technologies (สงเสรมการนามาใชงานจรงของเทคโนโลยเพอหลกเลยงการชน)

R&D safety for VRU(เกณฑดานระบบความปลอดภยทปองกนคนเดนเทาและเพมงานวจยดานเทคโนโลย)

Encourage use of fiscal and other incentives for motor vehicles that provide high levels of road user protection (สรงแรงจงใจการเงนผานระบบสนบสนนงบประมาณหรอมาตรการสราแรงจงใจเชงธรกจอนๆสาหรบยานพาหนะทมระบบคมครองผใชรถใชถนนในระดบสง)

Encourage managers of fleets to purchase, operate and maintain safe vehicles (สงเสรมใหภาครฐและเอกชนทรบผดชอบดานการจดหายานพาหนะมาใชในองคกรเลอกยานพาหนะทมเทคโนโลยความปลอดภยและระบบปองกนผโดยสารไดด)

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What is NCAP?Is it none of my business or is it really my business?

NCAP= New Car Assessment Program

A car rating program in terms of its crashworthiness

NCAPs help to create a “market for safety” by raising awareness of the car buying public and rewarding  manufacturers that build the safer cars

Purpose: To give consumers the information on the safety level of cars in a systematic and understandable manner [1]Encourage public to access the safety informationEncourage carmakers to take more care with their customers’ safety

[1] Crashworthiness rating programs around the world:A compilation &introduction to ASEAN NCAP March 2012

Note: this however, limited to certain type of crash configurations due to the nature of road crashes that could happen in many possible ways

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A Brief History of NCAPs

Why did NCAPs start off in high income countries?

1959

2010

1997

1978

1991

1992

1999

2006

2011

2011

Their population demand attributes include safety sensitivities in another word  they put safety as part of their demand in social values.

Carmakers have no choice they need to develop products based on safety.

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What happens in the Middle income countries in terms of safety?

Most of the population do not take safety features as the most important items when they buy a car.

No regulations Perception: Safer cars is expensive,

Safety feature = expensive unnecessary feature

Source: David Ward’s presentation at ASEAN Automobile Forum 00127 Aug 2014 Kuching, Malaysia 

Source: Safety Companion 2011 (Carhs)

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What actually does GLOBAL NCAP do?

Global NCAP was launched as a UK registered charity which aims to: offer support to New Car Assessment Programs in emerging economies

and regions by offering technical support guidance and quality assurance. provide a platform for cooperation for NCAPs and like organisations around

the world to share best practice, and exchange information.

Auto Safety’s Winning Formula employed in HICs

Source: David Ward’s presentation at ASEAN Automobile Forum 00127 Aug 2014 Kuching, Malaysia 

Safety standards combined with consumer information have created a market for safer vehicles

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Progress to uplift the legislation standard is rather slow in LMICs.

Safety regulations in LMICs

From: Job, RFS, Fleming, E.J., & Brecht, G.P. (1989), Traffic accidents are a political issue, (letter), Medical Journal of Australia, 151, 356

“many fatalities occur not because of driver error but because of driver error combined with a negligent designed road system and a politically acceptable but technically substandard vehicle.

Cars that granted to enter the market might be fit to used on the open road but not necessarily perform well in the event of road crash to protect the occupants

Department of Land Transportation regulation implementation plan for light vehicle and MVA  as of September 2013

NCAP is a consumer requirement which is the best possible current practice.

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Why do ASEAN community need ASEAN NCAP?

Safety standards may vary in different parts of the world. Some car models are developed with minimum safety specifications for certain

market due to less demand on best safety performance A car evaluated from one NCAP and score a good rating does not necessarily

mean that the same model in another region will perform as good due to the manufacturing origin and quality as safety standard may vary from one region to another.

Some manufacturers had been using Euro NCAP or JNCAP results in their advertising in markets. It is not always clear how similar the vehicles sold really are in terms of safety equipment.

A need to evaluate cars’ occupant protection based on NCAP requirement in the region.

ASEAN NCAP was established under safer vehicle pillar of UN decade of action for road safety to address road traffic injury issues in emerging markets i.e. ASEAN region.

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LIVES ©JCM Courtesy of: Latin NCAP

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ASEAN NCAP is responsible to drive manufacturer to provide a safer car to be offered for the region at affordable price.

ASEAN NCAP encourages manufacturer launch the new vehicle with rating Promote 4 stars to be wildly accepted as reference standard for countries

without regulation. Promote consumer to buy a safer car and creating ‘safer mobility

environment’ by removing non safe car out of the system.

Safety cannot be compromised

Safer vehicle at affordable price will be one of the road safety solutions, but not the total solution

Thailand is a Middle income country. Most of population are salary men. If “safety = expensive”. Safer cars cannot be for everyone. 

Either 2 Millions baths car or 600,000 car, both must be able to protect their occupants from fatalities

Source :ASEAN NCAP presentation,27 August 2014 Kuching, Malaysia

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NCAPs Similarities

Souces: Crashworthiness rating programs around the world:A compilation &introduction to ASEAN NCAP March 2012

Each NCAP program derives the results through uniquemethodology in the rating system. But there are similaritiesin the test set up and technical/equipment used by virtualof adoption and harmonization process among all NCAPs.

Tests methods are implemented according to each region’s actually situations of accidents.

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Type of tests Legal requirements Consumer Requirements

FMVSS208 , TRIAS 47ADR69 

FMVSS208  , ECE R94 , TRIAS 47‐4, ADR73 

FMVSS 214 ,ECE R95  TRIAS47‐3 ,ADR72

Roof crush/roll over FMVSS216

FMVSS201P, FMVSS214(new)

Child protection

Pedestrian

Whiplash test

Brake test Source: Safety Companion 2011 (Carhs)

40%ODB

(2017)

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JNCAP

Source: Car Safety Performance Guidebook, JNCAP,2014.3

Overall evaluation of safety performance of including passengers and pedestriansUsing stars (0-5) and points (0-208) (started in 2011)

Full frontal collision test, offset frontal collision test, side impact test, whiplash testPedestrian protection test, passenger seat belt reminder evaluation test, brake test

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Sources: Promotion of Road Safety by NCAP in JAPAN, JNCAP pewswntation , ASEAN Automobile Safety 01Kuching, Malaysia, August 2014 

History of JNCAP

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Sources KNCAP, KATRI, ASEAN Automobile Safety 01, Kuching, Malaysia, August 2014 

History of KNCAP

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History of Euro NCAP

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Improvement after ASEAN NCAP intervention

Carmakers

Car buyers (Consumers)

Manufacturers in this region express more commitment for safety

Some carmakers have started to use ASEAN NCAP star rating as a sales strategy.

Some manufacturers are now working towards allocating vehicle safety into their CSR’s plans

Question from ASEAN NCAP:Could the CSR’s brings to the standardization of airbags throughout the variant?Can safety CSR’s translated into its own product?

(Source: ASEAN Automobile Safety Forum, 27 August 2014, Kuching.)

Car buyers in some ASEAN countries have started to aware of ASEAN NCAP and vehicle safety.

o Before 2011 many car models offered no airbag or airbag as an option. o After intervention, the rapidly response from manufacturers have been good.o Many car models now offer dual airbags as standard for all variants. o However, some still provide single airbag for low variant.

TATA Nano in Myanmar is “0” star with no airbag.KIA Picanto for TH scored 0-star for non-airbag variant. (However KIA Picanto with airbag in MY scored 4-star.)

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What’s Next ?

Encourage manufacturer to develop and equip the latest vehicle with the system with priority to be given to a system which able to reduce motorcyclist incidents and fatalities

Encouragement of crash avoidance technologyPedestrian safetyBrake testing also Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB)

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How can we help promoting safer cars in our country?

Ask for safety features when you buy a car Visit ASEAN NCAP website for information

ASEAN NCAP has been testing and rating several car models upto now but the road safety issues cannot be reduced if the consumers don’t access to the provided information.

Safety outcomes must be seen ,felt and believed by the consumers to create a downstream pull factors.

Change perception of ourselves, family and friends to include safety sensitivities to our demands.

Right safety equipment √√√NOT safety equipment XXX

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