thailand’s renewable power · thailand power generation classified by fuel type natural gas 66.6%...

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AORCCIGRE Technical Meeting September 3rd, 2013 Guangzhou China Thailand’s Renewable Power Current Status, Challenges, and Future Trend Suwat Kamolpanus

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Page 1: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

AORC‐CIGRE Technical MeetingSeptember 3rd, 2013 

Guangzhou China

Thailand’s Renewable Power Current Status, Challenges, and Future Trend

Suwat  Kamolpanus

Page 2: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type

Natural Gas

66.6%

Coal

19.2%

Oil

0.8%

Hydro

4.7%

Import

5.9%

Renewable

2.9%

5,185 GWH

Total Generation 179,473 GWH

Total Power Capacity 32,781 MW

Renewable share 6.8%

Page 3: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Electricity : Power generation from all renewable energy will be 13,927 MW in 2021 or 24% of total installed power. 

Main Target : Thailand energy demand in 2021,  forecasted by Energy Ministry, would be at 99,838 ktoe growing from presently of 71,728 ktoe.    The renewable energy share increasing from 7,413 ktoe in 2012 to 25,000 ktoe in 2021 or 25% of total energy consumption.

Thailand’s Renewable and Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP)

Page 4: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Development of Renewable Power Policy in Thailand2007: First AEDP (2008‐2011) target 

3,251 MW

2008: AEDP rev1 (2008‐2022) target  

5,608 MW

2012  AEDP rev2 (2012‐2022) target 

9,201 MW

2013 AEDP rev3 (2013‐2022) target 

13,927 MWMW

 ‐

 2,000

 4,000

 6,000

 8,000

 10,000

 12,000

 14,000

 16,000

Rev0 Rev1 Rev2 New

Advance Technology

Waste to Energy

Biogas

Biomass

Mini Hydro

Solar

Wind

Page 5: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Wind Power

Present :  208 MW  from 5 sitesTarget in 2022   : 1,600 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium 12 cents/kWHTechnology : • Tower Height : 100 meters• Blade Diameter : 101 meters• Wind Turbine       : 2.3 MW eachChallenges :• Small portion of local parts• Low wind velocity• Limit of transmission Line• Construction sites interfere with conservation 

forest• Variability of supply to the grid

Wind Power

Page 6: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Solar Power

Present :    378 MW    from 155 sitesTarget in 2022 : 3,000 MWTariff : feed‐in‐tariff 20 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type :  Solar PV ‐ amorphous & poly crystalline• Power Storage   : no• Size  : 6‐30 MWChallenges :• Small portion of local parts• Performance guarantee of PV• Limit of transmission Line• Variability of supply to the grid

Page 7: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Mini Hydro

Present :     86 MWTarget in 2022   :   324 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium 2.5‐5 cents/kWHTechnology :  mini hydro   200KW ‐ 10 MW 

micro hydro 1‐200 KW Challenges :• Hard to find suitable site• Not for private firms• Not many players in the market

Page 8: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Biomass PowerPresent :   1,697 MW from 103 sitesTarget in 2022   :   4,800 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium  1 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type  :  Large scale ‐ High pressure boiler and turbine 100 bar  520 °C 

Small scale – Gasification with gas engine • Feed Stock      :  Bagasse, Rice Husk, Wood Waste, Empty Fruit Brunch • Size  :  1‐40 MWChallenges :• Feed stock supply certainty• Too low incentives• Limit of transmission Line

Image source : http://www.unendlich‐viel‐energie.de/en/electricity/details/article/111/functioning‐principles‐of‐a‐biomass‐combined‐heat‐and‐power‐chp‐station.html 

Page 9: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Biogas Power

Present :  167 MWTarget in 2022   :  3,600 MWTariff : feed‐in‐premium  1 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type :  Anaerobic Digester with Gas Engine• Feed Stock :  Waste water from starch,  

palm oil and ethanol plantAnimal manure from farming

• Size  : 1‐6 MWChallenges :• Availability of feed stock • Too low incentives• Limit of transmission Line• Safety• Plantation for new energy crop (Napier grass)

Page 10: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Waste to Energy

Present :     47 MW  from 17 sitesTarget in 2022   :   400 MWTariff  : feed‐in‐premium  12 cents/kWHTechnology : • Type  :  Boiler with steam turbine and Gas Engine• Feed Stock      :  MSW + Biogas from landfill• Size  :  1‐8 MWChallenges :• Local political issues• Community acceptance• Environmental compliance

Page 11: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Installed Power for all Renewable Power

0  30  44 

561 

‐ 4 208 

378 

86 

1,697 

167 47 

 ‐

 500

 1,000

 1,500

 2,000

Wind Solar Mini Hydro Biomass Biogas Waste to Energy

2006 2013639 MW        2583 MW

MW

Mechanism that drive the renewable progress• Firm regulatory policies from government – Feed in premium/ feed in tariff• Fiscal incentives – import duties, cooperate income tax • Maturity of technology – lower investment cost • CDM – CERs trading• Capacity building – local O&M 

Page 12: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

Challenge for the next decade

Micro scale of renewable supply 

Transmission & Distribution Line

Control and monitoring

Page 13: Thailand’s Renewable Power · Thailand Power Generation Classified by Fuel Type Natural Gas 66.6% Coal 19.2% Oil 0.8% Hydro 4.7% Import 5.9% Renewable 2.9% 5,185 GWH Total Generation

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Thank you and Sawadee