the 3rd international forum on the decommissioning...

The 3rd International Forum on the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

（1FD-Forum)

Day 1 Program mainly for the local community

Session to “Learn”

FacilitatorHiroshi Kainuma

(Associate Professor of Ritsumeikan University)

What often happens at regular restoration/nuclear power plant related

events

Listen→listen→listen

→listen→ask a few questions→go home

It’s mostly just “listening to explanations.”

Patterns common in workshop type events

Don’t cover up “Thoughts” ,and talk with real intention

→Talk thoroughly → Talk enthusiastically and deeply→ Become to know each other and friend → Feel to go a step ahead

Something decided?What is the next specific action?

Got excited internally, however, what to do next?

The biggest goal of today’s event= to create a “dialogue” where anyone can join in

“Dialogue” = reflection (introspection)Amongst residents/with the decommissioning body/within oneself

Listen → reflection (introspection)

→listen→reflection→listen→reflection

→listen→...

After listening, always reflect

= share, ask questions, think

This YearLet’s start fromthe Session to “Learn”

What does this “Learn” mean?

“To learn” = to share two things

1) What does it mean to “learn about reactor decommissioning” in the first place?

2) Learn about reactor decommissioning!

1) What does it mean to “learn about reactor decommissioning” in the first

place?“Learning about reactor decommissioning”

Should we hold an information session for residents?

=>Hold a one-sided talk about difficult topics

Can they understand? Would normal people even be interested?

Should we hold an intimate communication session such as a round-table discussion?

=>Build trust

Not everyone can come listen. Will participants be able to learn properly?

“I kind of understand, but kind of don’t.

It doesn’t quite make sense...”

In either case, it means a lot to do it, but...

The majority of the people in the area

aren’t interested and forget most of it by

the next day.


place?

It’s not easy to “learn about reactor decommissioning.”

= Creating a place for residents to discuss reactor decommissioning!:

Then what we should do ?!

Past three years of history of 1FD-Forum has been the steps of what we thought should be done.

1st International Forum on

the Decommissioning of

the Fukushima Daiichi

Nuclear Power Station

@Iwaki City

Should include more opinions from the residents when holding discussions!

Let’s dedicate a whole day to sessions for residents!

April 10 - 11, 2016

2017

The overwhelming Gap! Groove! Disparity! between the residents and decommissioning authorities

Visualizing! Sharing! (ex Graphic recording)

To “the 3rd International Forum on the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant”

New important question asked while confirming what has not been discussed

Why should we think about the decommissioning in the first place?

Follow Up Mini Workshop@Fukushima City

Why the local residents need to think or deal with troublesome issuesuch as the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi

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Why should we think about the decommissioning in the first place?


place?I. From “I don’t know what it is that I don’t know” to “Oh, I see.”

Make sure the residents can hold thorough discussions with the decommissioning body on remaining issuesso information can be properly conveyed.

II. Search for the answer of “why we should we be thinking about decommissioning”?

Do not stop after only talking about the technical aspects of decommissioning. Make sure to think about decommissioning based on the residents’ lives and the hopes of the young people’s futures.

I. From “I don’t know what it is that I don’t know” to “Oh, I see.”

Websites and brochures

Located at the back of the booklet. Please feel free to take a look.

II. Search for the answer of “why we should be thinking about decommissioning”

There are likely three directions...1)Ethical: “To answer decommissioning questions = ethical.”

Whatever else it may be, decommissioning a nuclear reactor is hard work and requires everyone to come

together with the determination to return the region to the way it was.

So we need to think about decommissioning!

=>That may be true, but isn’t it just self-satisfaction on the part of the government office and the Tokyo

Electric Power Company? The residents are busy with other matters too. Why must they be dragged in?

2)Regulation: “It is necessary to understand decommissioning and put regulations in place.”

If you don’t understand matters related to decommissioning, you won’t be able to handle the situation when

something happens or when you need to make a decision!

You’re going to be at a disadvantage if you don’t know.

=>What happens if they say, “I don’t mind being at a disadvantage. I’m busy with other things and can’t be

bothered listening to difficult talks.”

3)Benefit: “Knowing about decommissioning is useful.”

Decommissioning work has the potential to produce new employment and industry opportunities in the region, as

well as a cultural uniqueness. Deepening your understanding of decommissioning matters increases those

opportunities.

=>Can that really happen? Isn’t that being indiscreet?

Hypothesis for time being：To explore the question of

“Why should we think about the decommissioning in the first place?”

It needs to be based on“Livelihood and day to day life in the area”

２）Regulation：”It is necessary to understand the Decommissioning to

regulate it also from local community’s point of view”=> What kind of challenges does local community find important to live in the

area where affected by the decommissioning.

３）Benefit：”Knowing decommissioning itself is beneficial”=> What kind of hope and vision the local community has in mind for the

future of this area.

It is necessary to illuminate “Challenges” and “Hope” based on the livelihood of the local residents.

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Summary

1) What does it mean to “learn about reactor decommissioning” in the first place?

I. From “I don’t know what it is that I don’t know” to “Oh, I see.”

II. Search for the answer of “why we should be thinking about decommissioning”

In any case, this is not a matter that can be resolved after holding a one-time event with a limited number of people.

We had been exploring

“Why should we think about the decommissioning in the first place?”

Then let’s explore

“Understand the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi NPS”

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Quiz on learning about reactor decommissioning

• Period, process

• Debris

• Number of workers

• Which organization is doing what

• Number of people living in areas that were once ordered to be evacuated

Q1. How much time is needed tocompletely decommission the

Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power

plant?

Time

23 - 33 yearsThe current completion estimate is between

2041 - 2051.

What needs to be done to accomplish this plan?

Overcome each of the issues presented in

the three large work processes

2018/7/27

Copyright (C) Kainuma,Hiroshi All Rights Reserved.

“Decommissioning the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant” = 3 tasks

1) Dealing with contaminated water

2) Defueling

There is a “pool” and a “pressure cooker” inside the reactor.

(2-1) Used fuel: “pool”/clean

(2-2) Fuel debris: “pressure cooker”/melted

(3) Dismantling/clean-up (decommissioning)

Currently, main efforts are beginning to shift from (1) dealing with contaminated water to (2) defueling.

Q2. How much water per day (in m3) was/is flowing into the basements of the buildings that

house units 1 - 4of the Fukushima Daiichi

nuclear plant before the ice

wall was completed?

Contaminated water

９３㎥/day（Result in FY2017)

1 loop3 wells

2 types of walls

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P11 http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/osensuitaisaku/committtee/genchicyousei/2018/pdf/0606_01_01.pdf

2018/7/27 Copyright (C) Kainuma,Hiroshi All Rights Reserved. 24

How fuel debris will be extracted from now• Goal: to thoroughly remove the debris consisting of fuel, metals and

concrete all melted together.

Q3. How many people are working at

the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant per

day?

Contaminated water

2018/9/11Copyright (C) Kainuma,Hiroshi All Rights

Reserved. 30

The number and age range of workers per dayTotal ：approximately ４,０００－５,０００ people

Local employment rate：６０％（on resident card basis）

Issue of securing workersSecuring and fostering young workers（looking ahead for 30 – 40 years）

Stability as a local worker（dose rate, work content, wage）

P8 http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/decommissioning/committee/osensuitaisakuteam/2018/08/2-1.pdf

May

Ap

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Au

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v

Dec Jan

Feb

Mar Ap

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Jun

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Au

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2016 2017 2018

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Transition chart of average number of workers/day on month since FY2016 (record)

Work environment, local employment, securing human resources• Work environment

• Local employment rate: 50% (based on certificates of residence)

• Challenges of securing workers• Securing and training young workers (in anticipation of continuing work 30 -

40 years into the future)

• Making it a stable place of employment in the region (radiation dosage, contents of work, wages)

2018/7/27

Copyright (C) Kainuma,Hiroshi All Rights Reserved.

Q4. Who is doing the

decommissioning work? Is it

the same as

decontamination and other

work? Or is it different?

Who is doing the decommissioning work?

Main actors• Government/administrative offices METI：decommissioning, MOE：decontamination, Cabinet Office: zone restructuring, etc.• TEPCO FDEC & the Restoration Main Office: compensation, decontamination, reconstruction support work• NDF/public-private company joint team

Q5. How many people have

come back to live in the

municipalities close to the

Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power

plant that once received

evacuation orders?

Housing situation

Towns and cities experienced evacuation = 12 Municipalities

Always status changes but they are going through 3 stages

in its own way

（１）Over 80% of the residents prior the evacuation came back to

Hirono Town 84.39% 4055／4805（At the end of June 2018）

（２）Between more than 10 % to 50% has came back

Naraha Town 48.05% 3367／7007 （At the end of June 2018）

（３）Less than 10% has came back

Tomioka Town 5.6% 738／13170 （At the beginning of August 2018）

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To wrap up the discussion so far

“To understand”＝Share Two things

1) What does “Knowing about decommissioning of Fukuhima

Daiichi NPS” really mean?

Importance to illuminate “Challenges” and “Hope”

2）“Understand the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi NPS”

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It is necessary to illuminate “Challenges” and “Hope” based on the livelihood of the local residents.

In the session to “Discuss” we will try to find the way

forward on the task.

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（1FD-Forum)


Session to “Discuss”



VOICE FROM FUKUSHIMA 20182018

How this year’s discussions will proceed: Creating a “reactor decommissioning forest”

The goal of ultimately decommissioning the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant is set several decades in the future.

Tree of issues

Tree of hopes

Tre

e o

f h

opes

Let’s make this a time where we can come to understand

“what it is that we don’t know”

and confront, as best as possible, the question of “why we

should be thinking about decommissioning the reactor in

the first place.”

◯AM session to “talk”: everyone in the hall will take part in discussions.

(1) Each person in a group of six will write out one “leaf of small issues and hopes.”

(2) Each block will come together to create a “tree of small issues and hopes.”

(3) Each block will write out two “leaves of large issues and hopes.”

(4) Everyone assembled will come together to create a “tree of large issues and hopes.”

(5) Onto the afternoon session.

◯PM session to “listen”: local speakers will ask questions to people in charge of

organizations that support nuclear damage compensations and reactor

decommissioning; the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry; and the Tokyo Electric

Power Company.

(1) Questions will be asked based on the results of the pre-research (see the “tree of issues and tree of hopes”

and the “map of reactor decommissioning issues” in the following pages) as well as what

was discussed during the morning session.

(2) Questions will continue to be asked until we can be satisfied by the responses.

(3) Questions that come up while this process is being repeated will also be asked.

(4) Lastly, stickers will be put up to give feedback.

Pre-research + mini workshop

Identifying issues and hopes!

Leaves of hopes Leaves

of hopes

As we work our way toward our goal, we will have to discover

the truth of this forest and share the understanding with

everyone, or else we will likely come to a standstill without

achieving anything.

There are many trees in a forest.

Among them are both “trees of issues” and “trees of hopes.”

Let us think about what sort of issues and hopes they contain

as we clarify the vague understanding of the issues and

hopes we hold in our heads.

And,

Then...

We will bring to light the true identity of the issues and hopes that float

vaguely in front of our eyes. With that in mind, we will thoroughly unravel

the issues facing the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear

plant and future prospects - from the residents’ standpoint.

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Spread out in front of us is a sprawling “reactor decommissioning forest” that prevents us from seeing or

planning ahead and is riddled with treacherous footing.

◆ W h a t w e m u s t d o t o d a y

Let’s start “Session to Disucuss”

How to proceed with the discussion: make a “forest of D&D”

D&D of 1F whose goal is set in a few decades ahead. In front of us there is a deep, precarious “Forest Leading to D&D” where we are unable to have a clear foresight.

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•Without finding out what the forest is really like when heading to the goal, we will be transfixed in the middle of the forest.

•There are many tress in the forest where both the trees of challenge and trees of hope also grow. Let us think about what challenges and hope can be found there by revealing the challenges and hope that we obscurely perceive.

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Finding out what we do not know, let us work on the question “Why should we have to think about

the D&D in the first place?” as much as we can.

Tree of issues

Tree of hopes

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◆What we do today: Cｌarify challenges and hope that vaguely lie in front of us. Then we thoroughly ellucidate challenges and future prospect of 1F D&D .

Preliminary research and mini-workshop

Extraction of challenges and hope.

午後は、この「話す」セッションで作った木を踏まえ

廃炉の課題についてとことん深めます

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Extraction of challenges and hope

Leaf ofchallenges

Leaf of hope

Step 1:make sure you are in a group of six.Step 2: make sure you have sticky the notes, which are the small leaves of

challenges (yellow) and hope (green) respectively. Step 3 : please discuss in the group (start the discussion from the person

sitting the furthest right) and decide what to write on the yellow leave of challenge and green leaf of hope (10 mins).

Step 4: Put the yellow leaves and green leaves on the small tree(Please pass the leaves to the volunteer supporter.)

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6 steps:visualize the challenges and hope that participants have, extract “Large tree”, which is the agenda today.

Step 1:make sure you are in a group of six.Step 2: make sure you have sticky the notes, which are the small leaves of

challenges (yellow) and hope (green) respectively. Step 3 : please discuss in the group (start the discussion from the person

sitting the furthest right) and decide what to write on the yellow leave of challenge and green leaf of hope (10 mins).

Step 4: Put the yellow leaves and green leaves on the small tree(Please pass the leaves to the volunteer supporter.)

Step 5: please discuss to make big leaves of challenges and hope(two each).

Step 6: please fill in the two pairs of leaves to prepare for the afternoon session.

Step 1:Make sure you are in a group of six

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Step 2:

STEP2 Step 2: make sure you have sticky the notes, which are the small leaves of challenges(yellow) and hope(green) respectively.

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STEP3Please start discussing what to write on the leaves, starting from the person sitting furthest right facing to the stage.（10 min）

• Example) “What I think are the challenges and hope for D&D or this community are…..”

• “What I am concerned is.. I think is it is a challenge”.

• “Good things about this community is that…., which is hope.”

Note:

• please do not talk too long (please pass it to the next person in 30 seconds or 1 minute)

• We will notify in 5 minutes so please summarize to tell what to write on the leaves.

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STEP4Put the yellow leaves and green leaves on the small tree(Please pass the leaves to the volunteer supporter.)

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STEP5Please discuss to make big leaves of challenges and hope(two each).

• The volunteer supporters will check at first if there are “similar contents”, “the contents on the leaves are diverse” or “whether there is noticeable discussion”

• Based on the above you will exchange your opinion in the group to select what is the most important challenge and hope in your group

• It is ideal that you are positively engaged in the discussion. If no one is likely to start talking, the volunteer supporter will pick on someone in the group.

• Please discuss so that as many as people in your group can talk.

Note:

• Please do not talk too long (please pass it to the next person in 30 seconds or 1 minute)

• Even though, please do not hesitate and express your own opinion.

• We will notify in 5 minutes so please summarize to tell what to write on the leaves

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Step 6:please fill in the two pairs of leaves to prepare for the afternoon session.

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Lunch BreakIn the lunch time, we are going

to make large version ofTree of hopes and challenges.

Trying to include as many opinions as possible. We welcome any participants to join / see us what we do on stage!

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（1FD-Forum)


Session to “Ask Questions”



Session to “ask questions”

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（１）Ask questions through referring to the commentsgathered through the interviews and the today’smorning session

（２）Keep on asking questions until the answer issatisfactory

（３）Also ask questions from floor in the session（４）After the session, stick the stickers on the graphic

recording for your feed back

Foundation of Session to “ask questions”

• Conducted interviews prior to this forum to gather thoughts towards the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Power Station (19 groups and 50 people in total from 2017 to 2018), putting them together in Voice from Fukushima 2017 and 2018.

• Summarized the challenges illuminated into “Strata of people’s concerns Fukushim area”

• Local residence will “aske questions” about the challenges such as in the strata to decommission implementing body and also the supporting organizations

• Take into the account what’s has been gathered in the tree of hope and challenges and discuss on the topics illuminated.

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Steps in the session to “ask questions” & panels• How this session work

（１）Seven panels from local community will be on board

（２）Panels from local community have confirmed

what has been gathered in the trees of hope and challenges

（３）Discuss on the priority to choose what topics need to be asked

today. (As the time is limited, if 10 minutes /question then only

7-10 questions will be maximum number of questions can be

asked.

（４）Q&A session from the higher priority issues. Try to clarify things

that is uncertain.

（５） Check if the floor understood what has been said on the stage

=“Real time system”

（６） Ask some input from commentator from abroad

（７） Go onto the next topic… and so on and on. Until the time is up.

（８） If you have any doubt or comments please ask your closest Volunteer

supporter for the questionnaire paper to fill in. They will carry your message

to the facilitator. The paper needs to be handed to the volunteer supporters

by 15:30, to be discussed in this session.

* All the discussion will be recorded in the Graphic Recording58

Lastly but not least・・・

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Feedback session

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Understood

well!

Would like

to know better!

Would like

to talk more

Unsatisfactory!

Feel anxious

Could not

understand much

Put the stickers which

Represents

“How you found the discussion”

as the feedback.

Please leave your thought freely

on the graphic recording by putting

on the stickers, before you leave the venue!

Leave “How you found the

discussion” for all

the 3rd international forum on the decommissioning...

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