The Accelerator Directorate The Organization, Priorities and Accelerator R&D

May 4, 2011

Norbert Holtkamp

Topics

• Mission of the Accelerator Directorate• Priorities• Organization and resources of the Accelerator Directorate• Where do we go with Accelerator R&D• Long range planning• My first 100 days• Organizational adjustments /Staff development• Summary

2Accelerator Strategy

The Mission of the Accelerator Directorate

• Operate the existing accelerators at SLAC and provide the highest level of performance.

• Improve the capability of existing accelerators and support the construction of new ones.

• Develop enabling technologies for existing and future accelerators.

• Maintain and develop technology infrastructure to serve SLACs mission and the DOE complex.

• Educate next generation accelerator scientists and engineers.

Accelerator Strategy 3

Accelerators are the heart beat of SLAC presence and future!

Priorities

Accelerator Strategy 4

LCLS: A fantastic Tool

Accelerator Strategy5

• “… and then there was [X-ray] light”. Coherent light. Immediately!

• Very short transition from commissioning to user operation.

• “Dial in” operation of FEL parameters today.

LCLSLCLS IISSRLFACETNLCTATest Beams

ManufacturingDevelopment

Baseline performance

Current performance

Photon energy range

830 to 8300 eV

480 to 10,000 eV; up to 20,000 eV

FEL pulse length

230 fs 5 - 500 fs

FEL pulse energy

up to 2 mJ up to 4 mJ

Accelerator Strategy

Priorities:LCLS-II as a Part of the 2025 Agenda: What SLAC Envisions

present LCLSNEHHall

LCLS-2025

FEHHall

LCLS II is key step on path to LCLS 2025

soft x-rayhard x-ray

The present Organization and the Resources of the Directorate

Present Accelerator Directorate Organization

Norbert Holtkamp, ALDBob Hettel, Deputy

John Seeman, Deputy

LCLS AcceleratorSystems Division

A.Brachmann

Accelerator Engineering Division

K. Fant

Accelerator Operations

& Safety DivisionR. Erickson

Accelerator Research DivisionT. Raubenheimer

S0-20 Accelerator Division

U. Wienands

Strategic Projects Division

J. Galayda

SPEAR3Accelerator

DivisionJ. Schmerge

ESH&QMike

ScharfensteinActing

AdministrationH. O’Donnell

Business OfficeC. Lowe

• AD was created about two years ago to support it’s mission but integrating the resources in one place

• The Accelerator Directorate has a total of ~ 600 FTE.• Approximately 275 FTE are funded directly or indirectly in

support of the LCLS• Approximately 170 FTE are “hard” matrixed to the LCLS

8Accelerator Strategy

~400

Main Sources of Funding for the Accelerator Directorate

WBS 3SSRL Science

WBS 8: The Accelerator Directorate

Accelerator Support for PPA, SSRL, LCLSOperations, Safety and MaintenanceUpgrades – AIPs, small projectsResearch and Future DevelopmentCore Competencies and TechnologiesService CentersProjects – LCLS II, LUSI, FACET, MEC (WBS 7)

HEP funds

BESfunds

BES funds

WBS 4LCLS Science

WBS 2PPA Science

9Accelerator Strategy

Other FundSources

Work for Others

Detailed Breakdown for FY 11:

Accelerator Strategy 10

HEP LCLS SSRL OtherGrand Total

TOTAL WBS 8.0 38,765 95,688 12,335 6,721 153,510

8.02 SPEAR3 Core Team 0 0 8,629 0 8,629SPEAR3 Core Team Management 0 0 5,591 0 5,591SPEAR3 Operations and Mainten 0 0 2,264 0 2,264SPEAR3 Upgrades 0 0 773 0 773

8.03 LCLS Core Team 0 68,593 0 0 68,593LCLS Core Team Management 0 2,086 0 0 2,086LCLS Operations and Maintenanc 0 39,807 0 0 39,807LCLS Upgrades 0 26,701 0 0 26,701

8.04 Sect 0 to 20 & FACET 6,938 6,015 0 0 12,953S0-20 Core Team Management 445 462 0 0 906S0-20 Operations and Maintenan 4,448 5,235 0 0 9,683S0-20 Upgrades 2,046 318 0 0 2,364

8.05Accelerator Ops & Safety 1,288 12,881 3,706 0 17,876AOS Division Office 226 696 234 0 1,157Maintenance Coord, Statistics, 0 622 0 0 622Document Control 0 449 0 0 449Beam Operations 350 4,321 1,537 0 6,208MCC Systems 0 703 0 0 703SPEAR3 Control Center Systems 0 0 20 0 20Power 712 6,090 1,915 0 8,717

8.06 Accelerator R & D 30,539 8,199 0 6,721 45,460ARD Division Office 107 0 0 0 107LCLS 0 6,403 0 2,242 8,645Spear3 0 0 0 205 205Test Facilities 5,599 0 0 0 5,599ILC 4,237 0 0 0 4,237LARP and LHC Upgrades 2,361 0 0 0 2,361Accelerator Design - Physics & 1,452 0 0 0 1,452RF Source & Structure Developm 8,813 0 0 1,617 10,430Novel Acceleration Research 3,666 0 0 0 3,666High Gradient Research 3,157 0 0 0 3,157Accelerator Technology Develop 648 1,796 0 239 2,683AD Work For Others 498 0 0 1,983 2,481Other Accelerator R&D 0 0 0 436 436

Where are we going with Accelerator R&D: Status and Path forward

SLACs Lab Agenda

Mission• Grow into the premier

Photon Science Laboratory

• Maintain our position as the premier [electron] accelerator laboratory

• Build targeted programs in particle physics, particle astrophysics & cosmology

12 Accelerator Strategy

SLAC Particle Physics+Astronomy and Accelerator Research

PPA • FERMI• LSST• LHC support• EXO• LC• Super B

Accelerators• NC LC Technology• High Power RF • High Gradients • FACET• LASER Acceleration• TEST beams

13Accelerator Strategy

… the programs, facilities and infrastructure SLAC operates

Example: Maintain our Status as the Premier Electron Accelerator Laboratory

• HEP:• Innovative technologies for

accelerators– NC high gradient acceleration – Dielectric – Plasma – NC accelerator for DOE (and

worldwide)

FACET

• HEPBES• Novel approach for high

brightness beams– Beam generation– Beam/ -manipulation – Laser-Beam

manipulation/diagnostics

ECHO 4

14Accelerator Strategy

HEP+BES: The SLAC Multi-Program Environment

PPA • Detector R&D• Computing • Data acquisition &

management

AD• Beam Dynamics• Technology

infrastructure • Test Facilities• Research on future

colliders• Computation

15Accelerator Strategy

LCLS,SSRL & Photon Science

LCLS Operations LCLS Experiments

Data acquisition

Data storage High brightness

beams Low Emittance

Beam Acceleration New light source

concepts

… the technology HEP supports at SLAC benefits the entire lab……and back

Status: The Laboratory Mission - The Accelerator Role

Grow into the premier Photon Science Laboratory

Maintain our position as the premier [electron] accelerator laboratory

Build targeted programs in particle physics, particle astrophysics & cosmology

Seeding schemes that will change FEL designs

R&D Program @LCLS LC, Beam Manipulation

Next Generation Injectors Injector Test Infrastructure LC, Super KEKB, Ultra short pulses Diagnostics.

Timing/Synchronization LC, Laser Acceleration

User adapted applications Linac designs for specific needs

LC, MC

Enabling Technology RF Power (at any band) and new power sources

LC, MAP, Project X, everywhere

The “ultimate” storage ring Beam Dynamics and Feedback systems

Super B / Super KEK B

“Doubling the energy” Plasma Wake Field Acceleration

FACET and its experimental program

Accelerator Strategy16

Status: Programmatic Elements and Direction

Adv. Accelerator R&D: Microwave accelerationPlasma accelerationLaser acceleration

FEL relatedR &D; FEL operationStorage rings

InstrumentationHigh rep rate, ultrafast

Accelerator Computations

Pulsed PowerModulators

BEAM DynamicsHigh Power RF

Fully aligned with SLAC mission

DOE fully funds100%

Unique capability @SLAC. DOE will partially fund

Very useful for SLACLargely funded through grants

NC Linac Design & Construction

17Accelerator Strategy

Photons: LCLS accompanying FEL R&D Program with essential components for LCLS II, NGLS and other FELs

2011-12 2015-162013-14 2017-18 2019-20

LCLS-II injector LCLS-II completion

HXRSS

Injector studies(LCLS-II injector)

ITF (Sector 0-9) to enable advanced beam generation, manipulation, compression and seeding at high energy

Temporal diagnostics & timingAttosecond x-ray generation

FEL Seedingschemes

Beam brightness & manipulation

Technologydevelopment

Ultrafast techniques

ECHO-7+SXRSS demo

Laser & phase error control

THz & Polarization

THz generationPolarization ctrl.

Multi bunches, detectors, short-period undulators, high-rep. rate

CTF/GTF(Cathode,

Gun)

X-ray Beamline R&D

Z.HuangJ.HastingsB.Hettel

Sector 0 FEL R&D Test Facility

A staged approach to a five to ~40 Million$ Test Facility that serves SLAC and others (LBNL,ANL)

19Accelerator Strategy

Path forward on the Photon Side

• The R&D plan is consistent with SLACs mission statement

• The plan includes other laboratories and serves not only SLAC but other national programs and the worldwide community

• All elements of the plan will happen depending on time and funding because they are all mission critical

• … it’s a good and complete plan, although details are missing!

Accelerator Strategy 20

Status: What about the High Energy Physics part and/or other parts?

• B.Brinkman (Oct 2009)• There are a number of promising emerging accelerator

technologies now under investigation with HEP support:– High-Gradient RF Structures– Muon Accelerators &Colliders– Photonic Band-Gap Structures– Superconducting Radio Frequency– Wake Fields in Plasmas or Dielectrics

Accelerator Strategy 21

B&R Description FY 2010FY 2011Feb AFP

FY 2011 Budget

KA120201 B-Factory Operations Total 12,019 8,880 9,341KA120202 B-Factory Support Total 2,930 900 4,664

B-Factory Complex Total 14,949 9,780 14,005KA1101021 Proton: Energy Frontier 4,300 3,800 4,245KA1201020 Electron 8,312 6,667 7,230KA1301021 Non-Accelerator: Cosmic Frontier 17,332 12,000 15,884KA1301022 Non-Accelerator: Intensity Frontier 3,463 1,500 1,678KA1401020 Theoretical Research 7,795 7,620 8,665

Core EPP Research 41,202 31,587 37,701KA1501020 Accelerator Science 8,659 9,534 10,617KA1502011 Accelerator Development 3,333 3,647 3,537KA1503020 Detector R&D 4,341 3,578 3,400

Core Technologies R&D 16,333 16,759 17,555Core Programs 57,535 48,346 55,256Core Programs FTEs 220

KA1301031 LSSTKA1301032 CDMS/SNO R&D 300 0 700KA1301032 LSST R&D 2,145 4,000 4,812KA1301025 EXO Operations 0 1,500 1,778KA1301025 FGST Operations 0 5,000 2,884KA1501050 FACET Operations 0 6,000 6,000

Research Projects Total 2,445 16,500 16,174KA1102053 LHC Support (LARP) 2,281 1,845 2,371KA1102054 ATLAS Operations 2,328 1,509 1,446

LHC R&D Program Total 4,609 3,354 3,817ILC R&D Total 11,766 8,257 9,257Other Total 2,479 44 2,826Projects/LHC/ILC/Other 21,299 28,155 32,074SLAC HEP Total 93,783 86,281 101,335Core Programs + EXO/ISOC Ops 57,535 59,918Core Programs + EXO/ISOC Ops FTEs 220

The Reality: FY2011 funding and future?

• Where will SLAC be in 3-5 years?

• Following trend: ~ $ 10 M; flat• Following trend ~ $ 3 M

• 0 unless there is a FACET II

• Following trend ~ $ 3.5 M• Depends: 0- < $ 2 M_______________________________

That’s ~ $ 15 M versus ~ $ 35 M

Accelerator Strategy 22

Summary: AD-Status Overview and Outlook• R&D infrastructure:

– HEP funded AD infrastructure is about $ 30M / y• Probably shrink to $ 10M / y by 2015

– BES funded AD infrastructure is << $ 10M / y • could grow to $ 20M / y

• In order to maintain and grow this infrastructure AD would need a ~$30M - $40M program by 2015.

• Sources: DARPA, BES, NP, HEP, FS, DOD, Industry, NIH, NNSA

• AD is approx $ 150M/y now and will be in 2015/2016 because LCLS II construction money. Without WFO AD can not grow/maintain.

• Management decision: not more than 20% of the AD base!

23Accelerator Strategy

Path forward: Accelerator Research Program

• Strong programs in Advanced Accelerator concepts, High Power RF (HPRF) and Beam physics and Diagnostics– Utilize SLAC core competencies in HPRF and accelerator design– Leverage SLAC test facilities, infrastructure and computation effort

• SLAC HEP Accelerator R&D program at crossroads– World-leading accelerator research program with unique but expensive

infrastructure and test facilities

– Most near-term application industrial or scientific radiation sources– Accelerators have potential to impact community and economy

Accelerator Strategy24

SLAC is and will even more be the center for NC RF linac design, construction and operation with a wide variety of applications and strong connections to other government agencies and industry!

Other Sources of Funding- is it a Solution?

• WFO funding can support infrastructure and technology that can not be full covered by funding through base/core programs.

• SLAC has technology, infrastructure and intellectual capabilities that can benefit industries, other agencies and the nation.

• Risks:– Fluctuations in funding can not be fully covered by Laboratory Base

budget– Effort becomes very scattered without clear direction and alignment

with lab core mission– AD can’t raise the ~$ 35M /y and AD infrastructure will fade away– WFO becomes substantial part of base budget and threatens lab

core missions through shift in priority

Accelerator Strategy 25

WFO: Is It Realistic?Lab Topic Time Funding

ScaleFunding

Risk

CERN Ongoing structure fabrication & testing 2010-11 ~300k None

LLNL First phase of MEGa-ray construction 2010-11 ~750k None

FNAL Project-X rf system development 2011 ~400k None

LANL Design studies for MARIE 2011 ~300k Low

LCLS SLED pulse compressor upgrade 2011-12 ~600k Low

LLNL Complete MEGa-ray 250 MeV linac 2011-12 ~1600k Low

LLNL Joint LLNL/SLAC DARPA AxIS Prop. 2011-14 ~7200k Med

CERN Additional CLIC structure testing at SLAC 2012-13 ~800k Med

CERN Three additional klystron-based test stands (SATS) 2012-14 ~2200k# Low

LANL R&D for MARIE on high grad. long-pulse linacs 2012-14 ~5000k High

LCLS X-band deflector (klystron, waveguide, …) 2013 ~800k Med

LCLS-II Bunch compressor linearizer 2013 ~800k Low

LCLS Energy dither (600 MeV w/ 4 XL4’s & 16 struct.) 2014-15 ~5400k High

ELI-NP High gradient 600 MeV linac for gamma ICS 2014-16 ~8000k# Med

PSI Energy dither / energy upgrade (0.4 ~ 2 GeV) 2016 ~10M$ per GeV# High

# = funding may be split between SLAC and industry~500k additional internal SLAC LDRD funding in FY1126

Accelerator Strategy

WFO by Directorate at SLAC Today

Directorate

Photon science $ 826k

Particle & Astro $1,096k

SSRL $5,961k

LCLS $105k

Operations $1,729k

Accelerator $3,434k

AD-BES $1.901k

Adv Sci Comp $132k

$13,151k

27Accelerator Strategy

We intend to grow this to > $ 22,000k in FY12 !!!

More recent initiatives – We will do!

• The Muons: Engage in MAP-Berkeley and SLAC will make a proposal together. Approx 6 FTEs each.

• Plan for FACET II• Maintain the Linear Collider expertise (at SLAC or

elsewhere)

• Engage with HP RF industry • Start WFO others program (and infrastructure)

• Started an initiative between S.Gourlay, S.Henderson and N.Holtkamp regarding Accelerator R&D organization within DOE SC.

Accelerator Strategy 28

My first 100 days

My First 100 Days…Observations

• The observations were heavily influenced by the review of Accelerator Engineering Division. – Business systems + Document management systems are up to

standards– “Shadow organizations” and “Shadow systems” exist

• Systems Engineering is not consistent across AD/Lab.• Significant frustration regarding Accelerator R&D.• Lack of trust towards upper management.• In spite of all that: Operation of user facilities and

construction of new ones is doing very well.

30Accelerator Strategy

The Present Organization

Accelerator Strategy 31

Organizational Adjustments

• Is there anything wrong with the existing organization?• Observations:

– 28% of all AD employees are coded supervisors– Present org charts mix between administrative and functional supervision– Up to seven levels of management– Internal All Hands meeting pointed out deficiencies in communication and

lack of clarity in supervision

– Dissatisfied customers– In some areas the mission and the organization are not aligned.– Some of the current structure has been in place for more than a decade

and can be rigid, cumbersome and inflexible– Rates are too high. Substantial undistributed time across the organization

32Accelerator Strategy

What Does 4 Levels of Management Look Like?

LEVEL 0Lab Director

LEVEL 1ALD

LEVEL 2Division Head

LEVEL 3Manager

Individual Contributor/Employee

Craft SupervisionManager

All Hands Meeting, April 12 2011 33

Adjusted Organization

Accelerator Strategy 3434

Recommendation last SPC: Staff Development Plan

Accelerator Strategy 35

Functional Authority

Administrative Authority

• Staff development by using the matrix and creating opportunities for leadership development

• It’s not more people (yet), but it will be more leaders !

• Recent search for Accel Faculty Staff likely be redirected

Summary

• The largest part of the Accelerator Directorate is very straightforward although challenging to maintain and to improve

• The Accelerator Research and Development is facing a major shift and we need to calibrate ourselves whether:– The path makes sense– The path is realistic– The path allows address to the full breath of opportunities

• There will be a series of talks addressing the elements of the plan

Accelerator Strategy 36

Backup

Accelerator Strategy 37

Budget Realities

• SLAC operates the only hard x-ray laser for another couple of years.

• There are core competencies that SLAC wants to maintain and that the DOE wants to maintain within the complex

• There are new projects and opportunities for the Accelerator directorate:– LCLS II, ITF, FEL R&D programs, NGLS participation…– Develop, implement and execute a healthy Work For Others

program– Look for the future of HEP: SUPER B, LHC, Linear Collider, Muon

Collider… but better be patient!38 Accelerator Strategy

Long Range Planning

Accelerator Strategy 39

Ten Year View of SLAC FundingTotal in $Millions     Base - Research, Operations & Maintenance FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 FY2017 FY2018 FY2019 FY2020 Outyears TotalHigh Energy Physics (HEP) 93 89 91 92 94 97 99 102 104 107 109  Basic Eenerty Science (BES) - SSRL 33 34 45 48 51 54 55 57 59 61 63  BES LCLS 106 123 143 157 170 185 201 217 223 228 234  BES Photon Science 18 20 23 30 36 43 52 62 75 90 107  Other - EM, Safeguard & Security, BER 10 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23  

Ttl SLAC Base 261 279 316 343 367 397 426 458 481 507 537        0 0 0  Non-Base - Projects    Science Laboratory Infrastrcutre (SLI)-Research Support Bldg (RSB) 7 41 12 36 - - - - - - - - 96 SLI-Scientific User and Support Bldg (SUSB) - - 12 33 19 1 - - - - - - 65 SLI-Photon Science Laboratory Bldg - - - - - - 5 30 25 - - - 60 BES-LCLS I & PULSE 39                  BES-LCLS II 1 7 30 91 115 95 45 15 - - - - 399 BES-LCLS 2025 - - - - - - - - 5 17 40 538 600 BES-PEP X - - - - - - - - - 6 25 469 500 HEP-LSST - - 12 25 44 37 24 14 - - - - 156 BES-SSRL BL, incl Addt'l Staff Suprt - 2 5 10 11 11 13 13 9 7 7 7 93

Total NonBase Projects 47 49 71 195 189 143 87 72 39 30 72 1,014 1,969      

Total SLAC - NonARRA 308 328 387 538 557 540 513 529 520 537 608 1,014 1,969      ARRA Projects 33 40 21 - - - - - - - - - 94      Total SLAC 340 368 409 538 557 540 513 529 520 537 608 1,014 2,063                            Out Year Input from PPA - R. Alva; SSRL - S. Carlson; LCLS - S. Honl; Photon Sci - N. Matlin    Current Fiscal Year                                         

DRAFT

Flat Organizations …

• Tuned for matrix organizations

• Reduces the number of layers “above” – We will go from ~>20% supervisors to ~ 6%

Þ Empowers employeesÞ reduces layers through which to filter messages thus

improves communicationÞ Reduces costs to the organization (= efficiencies)Þ Encourages accountabilityÞ Enhances creativity and productivity through empowerment

Accelerator Strategy 40

The Biggest Change: Accelerator Engineering Division

• Owns more than 2/3 of AF (>400 people)

• Only 2 options:1. AED is a directorate2. AED splits up into 3

~90 ~130 ~180

Accelerator Strategy 41

What Do We Have? - What Do We Want?

Accelerator Strategy 42

Administrative Supervisor vs. Functional Lead

Functional Lead Role• Under the direction of the

supervisor:• Not a Position, but a Role

– Plan and assign work– Provide coaching and guidance on

performance of job duties – may be Subject Matter Expert

– Communicates and monitors compliance with policy, procedure and protocol

– Provides performance feedback to supervisor

– Executes WPC

• Does not replace BU leads

Administrative Supervisor• Makes all personnel actions

– Hires– Evaluates– Promotes– Transfers– Terminates

• Compensation decisions• Administers corrective action• Writes and delivers performance

evaluation• Responsible for WPC

Accelerator Strategy 43

“You Can’t Manage What You Don’t Measure”

Possible Metrics for AD

• Customer Satisfaction• Cost (overhead, UDT)• Turn-around time (determine baseline)• Quality of output (reliability and availability of

systems post installation and operation)• Long term safety performance• System function and performance vs customer

requirements

Accelerator Strategy 44

FEL Accelerator R&D Test Facilities – One IdeaT. Raubenheimer

Cathode Test Facility/ASTA (low E)

Photocathode R&D aimed atunderstanding LCLS lifetime

and damage issuesTest rf gun modifications before

installation in LCLS-I or II

Longer term R&D aimedat high brightness cathodes

with lower thermal (coatings, smoothness,

new materials)

Injector R&D ProgramNLCTA Facility (<~250 MeV)Simulation and experimentalprogram aimed at significantimprovement in brightness; low-E seeding; technology

and ultrafast technique development

1) Design studies on rfgun design, CSR micro-bunching and cathodes

2) Rf gun development andtesting at NLCTA in 2012

3) NLCTA R&D on injectorbeam physics

LCLS-II Injector(135 MeV)

Full injector configuration; opportunity for R&D

before LCLS-II turn-on

Early construction, commissioning in ~2013/14 to study injector physics before LCLS-II operation

Combined HB program requires ~3M/yr

new funding

Three parallel experimental efforts:

HEP Accelerator R&D Priorities at SLAC

• Advanced accelerator R&D with potential for major impact– Plasma Wakefield program although $6M FACET operations

support will limit the user program severely– Dielectric laser acceleration and NLCTA programs– SLAC needs strong leadership and vision!!!

• Beam dynamics core capability and computing mostly supported externally already

• High gradient and X-band programs– Unique capability world-wide but applications unclear

• Must define approach to normal-conducting linacs– Ongoing High Power RF (HPRF) program

• Possibly redirect High Gradient program toward power sources– Continued collaborations with LLNL, LANL and CERN

Accelerator Strategy 46