the age of exploration. causes of exploration renaissance ideas of humanism and intellectual...
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Causes of Exploration• Renaissance ideas of humanism
and intellectual progress• God: Reformation and Counter-
Reformation create desires to convert people to religions
• Gold: Desire for Luxury Goods and Wealth
• Glory: Stood to become famous (and rich!) off of exploration
• Advances in Technology• Better navigation devices (compass)• Shipbuilding improved (larger,
faster ships)
Who Started the Age of Exploration?• Portugal: Prince Henry the
Navigator funded many expeditions to the Atlantic Ocean and Africa • Main Goal: Find a water route
around Africa to India • Spain: Supported by King
Ferdinand and Queen Isabella • Main Goal: Wanted to seek new
routes to the East (India and China)
• Other European Countries will eventually start exploration• England• The Netherlands• France
Consequences of the Age of Exploration
• Colonialism • one country taking over and
settling in land in another region
• Starts a larger trend of Europeans moving to the Americas
• Columbian Exchange• Global exchange of goods,
plants, animals and diseases between the Americas and Europe
The Columbian ExchangeFrom Europe, Africa, and Asia to
the Americas
• Cattle• Chickens• Donkeys• Horses• Pigs • Bananas • Sugary• Coffee• Diseases: Smallpox,
Influenza, Measles, Cholera
From the Americas to Europe
• Guinea Pigs• Llamas• Turkeys• Beans• Chocolate• Corn• Potatoes• Rubber• Tobacco
Results of the Columbian Exchange
• Crops native to Americas became key parts of the European Diet (Potato in Ireland later Potato Famine causes many to die)
• Improves health of Europeans and Asians b/c of better food choices Increase life expectancy and population growth
• New economic activities in Americas (coffee plantations, cattle ranches)
• Introduction of New Diseases dramatically decreases Native American population
Additional Consequences of the Age of Exploration• Impact on Native
American Population• New diseases killed
millions of Native Americans• 90% of population dies
• Creation of the Atlantic Slave Trade• Caused by decline in
Native American population• Needed greater work
force look to Africa• 15-20 million Africans
to Americas