The Age of Exploration

Modern World History 102009-2010Androstic

Objectives:

28. Explain new technologies in sailing that allowed for successful explorations of the world.

29. Identify and describe the Portuguese successes in exploration and trading early in the Age of Exploration.

30. Explain the terms of the Treaty of Tordesillas.

31. Describe the successes of conquistadors in the Americas.

32. Depict the treatment of natives in the new world by the Spanish conquistadors.

28. Explain new technologies in sailing that allowed for successful

explorations of the world.The compass was used

by explorers rather than navigating by stars as in the past.

The astrolabe was used to figure out time and position by measuring angles from your point to known fixed points.

28. Explain new technologies in sailing that allowed for successful

explorations of the world.

• Latitude and longitudinal coordinates were also developed during the Renaissance to help with navigation.

• Lateen sails were triangular sails that were useful for sailing with or against the wind.

• Multiple masts and moving the ship’s rudder to the back also helped

29. Identify and describe the Portuguese successes in exploration and trading early in

the Age of Exploration.

• Portuguese explorers made their way down the West African coast.

• Bartholomeu Dias sailed around the Cape of Good Hope, proving you could sail around Africa to get to Asia.

• Vasco de Game sailed around Africa and across the Indian Ocean to India, returning with spices, silk, gold and silver and made a huge profit.

29. Identify and describe the Portuguese successes in exploration and trading early in

the Age of Exploration.

• Portuguese explorers continued to sail to India, defeating Muslim traders who had controlled the area.

• After taking control of trade in India, Portugal set up addition trading posts throughout southeast Asia.

• Portugal did NOT attempt to colonize Asia, they merely set up trade networks that would allow the importation of spices and precious metals from Asia.

30. Explain the terms of the Treaty of Tordesillas.

• After Portugal’s success of exploration and trade, Spain emerged as the next dominating force in exploration.

• After Columbus sailed to the “New World”, Spain and Portugal both feared conflict would arise over claimed territories.

• As a result, the two nations signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, drawing a line through the Atlantic Ocean (as shown on the next slide). . .

All land to the east of the line of demarcation would be controlled by Portugal, and land to the

west controlled by Spain.

31. Describe the successes of conquistadors in the Americas.

• Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztec Empire in Central America.

• Francisco Pizarro conquered the Incan Empire in South America.

• Queen Isabella of Spain declare Natives her subjects and granted Spanish conquerors the right to use them as laborers.

32. Depict the treatment of natives in the new world by the Spanish

conquistadors.

• With the Spanish came diseases that natives had never encountered and therefore had no immunity to (smallpox, influenza, measles). These diseases killed millions.

• Although required to protect natives by Queen Isabella, many Spanish did not. Instead, they put natives to work on plantations and in mines.

• Catholic missionaries converted and baptized Native Americans and the native culture was destroyed, replaced by European culture.