the armed forces communications & electronics …

Lt. Gen. FINOCCHIO Ing. Pietro(ret)

AFCEA President

Evoluzione delle Telecomunicazioni

Per la sicurezza della Patria There can be no freedom without security

(Wilhelm von Humboldt)

The ARMED FORCES COMMUNICATIONS & ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION ROME CHAPTER

1 17 maggio 2012 Techfor 2012

“The dinosaurs disappeared because they relied on cuirasses rather than intelligence. They could not adapt to their changing environment. We shall disappear if we cannot adapt to our changing environment” (Sir Arthur Clarke)

2

Contents

The new world scenario

National Defence – Homeland Protection

Network Enabled Capability

Interoperability

Italian NEC technological building blocks

The NEC implementation in Italy

Conclusions


Post Year 2001 Cold War

World scenario changes

1989 2001

Cold War



5

CORE GAP




Newly industrialized countries 7


Contents




Interoperability



Conclusions


Homeland => Patria

National Defence + Homeland Protection is

Homeland Security

Security => protection of real structure (as

Electricity, Transportation, Banking, Telecom, ….)

and virtual structure (as cyber transactions) while

preserving the PRIVACY

17 maggio 2012 9 Techfor 2012


The extended vision of security

Homeland Security should include not only people and land of the Nation, but also its culture, traditions, and ideal accomplishments that have flourished over the centuries Homeland Security implies the “Patria” defense

17 maggio 2012 10 Techfor 2012

Difesa Nazionale

Difesa Nazionale

Difesa Civile Difesa Militare Organi COCIM

Pubblica Sicurezza

Protezione Civile


Infrastrutture critiche

Reti di telecomunicazioni Reti energetiche Reti informatiche Sistemi di trasporto Circuiti finanziari Sistemi di raccolta e

smaltimento rifiuti

Bersagli altamente paganti nell’ottica di conflitti “asimmetrici” e non, in virtù degli esiti conseguibili in termini di possibili danni, sia fisici sia psicologici sia finanziari, immediatamente percepibili soprattutto quando viene a mancare la garanzia di continuità del servizio.

Difesa Nazionale


14

SCENARIO Events

Japan 2011

Haiti 2010

Indonesia 2010

Libia 2011

L’Aquila 2009

Mediterranean sea


15

The threat

Natural, accidental, intenzional

Kinds of threat

- Infrastructural damages (accidentals or intentionals)

- Sabotaggio

-Tornados, floods, hearth quakes etc.

• Threat agents – States – Terroristic Organiz. –Accidental users –Natural Forces


In Cyberspace

The threat


In Cyberspace

The threat

Attacked the computer systems in Lithuania and Cecenia 17 17 maggio 2012 Techfor 2012

Contents




Interoperability



Conclusions


New world scenario requires new capabilities for the armed forces

Modern military operations

Expeditionary

Demassification

Survivability and protection

Homeland Security

CIMIC Cooperation

C4ISTAR 19 17 maggio 2012 Techfor 2012

New world scenario requires modern military operations with following main characteristics

Dynamic Lives At risk on a daily basis Increased operational tempo Time as critical factor Effect Based

Network Centric Operations



Network Enabled Capability, linking together sensors, decision makers, and effectors in a seamless,

Modern Operations can be implemented thanks to the net-centric doctrine


collaborative, environment (the D I I)is the key enabler element of the net-centric doctrine


Elementi: dottrinali; procedurali; tecnici; organizzativi; umani.

Acquisizione e gestione, in tempo reale, di banche dati ed informazioni provenienti da tutti i sensori disponibili a vantaggio di “decisori” ed “attuatori” fisicamente dispersi, ma tra loro interconnessi.

La potenza della rete è maggiore della somma dei suoi singoli componenti

Impostazione Net-centrica


COMMUNICATION AREA – NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

SECONDARY SITES

CORE NETWORK (RADIO)

SATELLITE

IN NAVIGATION

TACTICAL

REMOTE INFRASTRUCTURE

DEPLOYABLE CP

AD HOC NETWORK

IN PORT

LOCAL

MAIN SITES

METRO (OPTICAL)

CORE NETWORK (OPTICAL)

IT-MoD PROGRAMS IMPLEMENTING NEC

23

DOMINIO

COGNITIVO

DOMINIO

DELL’INFORMAZIONE

DOMINIO

FISICO



GLII – Global Information infrastructure (Europe

and NATO) NII – National Information

Infrastructure

DII – Defense Information

Infrastructure

HLSII – Homeland Security Information

Infrastructure

Information Infrastructures

The DII concept is derived from the results of NCW national study

NEC implementation


SCOPO: trasformare un vantaggio informativo in un vantaggio operativo.


La struttura a rete migliora la condivisione delle informazioni.

La condivisione delle informazioni ne incrementa la qualità e quindi la coscienza condivisa della situazione in atto.

La coscienza condivisa della situazione in atto permette la collaborazione e la sincronizzazione tra entità operative, incrementando il “ritmo operativo”.

Aumento dell’efficacia delle operazioni.


Contents




Interoperability



Conclusions


Standards and Architectural Framework

INTERNATIONAL

• STANAGs (Standardization Agreements)

• ADatP (Allied Data Procedure)

• NAF (NATO Architectural Framework)


Standards

INDUSTRIAL

Australia

Canada

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

ItalyIreland

Israel Netherlands

Poland

Romania

Spain

South Korea

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

AustraliaAustralia

CanadaCanada

DenmarkDenmark

FinlandFinland

FranceFrance

GermanyGermany

ItalyItalyIrelandIreland

IsraelIsrael NetherlandsNetherlands

PolandPoland

RomaniaRomania

SpainSpain

South KoreaSouth Korea

SwedenSweden

SwitzerlandSwitzerland

TurkeyTurkey

United KingdomUnited Kingdom

United StatesUnited States

NCOIC mission is to facilitate global

realization of the benefit inherent in Network

Centric Operations.

To that end, NCOIC seeks to enable

continuously increasing levels of

interoperability across the spectrum of joint,

interagency, intergovernmental, and

multinational industrial and commercial

operations.


Standards and Architectural Framework

NATIONAL

• MDAF (Ministry of Defence Architectural Framework)

compliant to NAF (NATO Architectural Framework)

• NATO Standards

• NCOIC tools under evaluation and waiting for a general consensus on their adoption


Contents




Interoperability



Conclusions


Bandwidth

AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE merging strategic and tactical networks without differences between physical media

Convergence of network protocols

on IPv6

ONLY ONE COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL in order to support all services

in a secure environment

Main technological challenges


NEW TELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENTS it will not be possible anymore to separate TLC, computing and crypto components in the view of QUALITY of SERVICE

Switching Nodes

always in a secure environment



NEW SENSORS it is needed to develop a new generation of sensor to improve friendly force identification and control of battlefield area

Sensors




Almost all the present SOFTWARE performs data management, whose aggregates constitute INFORMATION. In the future it will be necessary to manage INFORMATION AGGREGATES which will provide KNOWLEDGE

Operational Services and Network Services

Information & integration services

It will be necessary to develop the software to assure OPERATIONAL SERVICES (i.e. deployable in operations) and SERVICES TO THE USERS (information and communications security)




Infrastructure level

•Fiber Optic Network

•Satellite communication (SICRAL, ATHENA FIDUS)

Tactical level

•Software Defined Radio

•TDL implementation (Link 16, Link 22, VMF)

Technological building blocks

Communications


TORINO

MILANO

VERONA

PADOVA

LA SPEZIA BOLOGNA

FIRENZE

ROMA

OSTIA

ANCONA

ROSETO

ABRUZZI

LECCE

TARANTO

CROTONE

CATANZARO

R. CALABRIA

PISA

GROSSETO

FERRARA

LEGENDA: ALESSANDRIA

RIMINI

GENOVA

MESSINA

CATANIA

SIRACUSA

GELA AGRIGENTO

MAZARA

DEL VALLO

TRAPANI

PALERMO

OLBIA

CAGLIARI

BRINDISI

OTRANTO

AVAILABLE

NEXT AVAILABILITY

AGRREMENT WITH

INTERIOR MINISTRY

NAPOLI

BARI

MARTINA FRANCA

RIETI

L’AQUILA

FUCINO

RIFON (National optical fiber network)

CHIETI

G. COLLE

ANZIO

SABAUDIA LICOLA

PRATICA DI MARE

CII

SASSARI

ORISTANO



Radio Link Network

COMMUNICATION AREA – RADIO LINK NETWORK


17 /05/2011 38 Roma 3 38

Radio Link Km 9.500 FO more than Km 6.000 Hardware

Radio Links: 372 DWDM Nodes : 28 SDH Nodes : 138 • MT301F Nodes : 62 • ATM Nodes : 215 • 8850 Nodes : 6 •7750 Nodes : 18

Radio link and FO network


• SICRAL 1: Launched in 2001, in service • SICRAL 1B: Launched 20 April 2009 operational from 2nd Quarter 2009 (Enhanced version of SICRAL 1) • SICRAL 2 : To be launched 2013 (successor of SICRAL 1) ATHENA FIDUS: To be launched second half 2013

SATELLITE ASSETS AREA - SICRAL

IT-MoD PROGRAMS FOR NCW CAPABILITIES DEVELOPMENT

40 40

Radio Land Line

SATCOM

Tactical Network

Airborne Network

Unmanned Ground Sensors

Maritime Network

Requirements:

•flexibility

•interoperability

•high capacity

COMMUNICATION AREA Satcom and Data Links


41

• Centro controllo satellitare della Difesa

• Vigna di Valle

42

•NEC Force, SIACCON, SICCONA (Army)

•ACCS, SICCAM (Air Force)

•MCCIS (Navy)

•C2I Defence (Joint)

•MAJIIC (Joint)

•ALTBMD (Joint)


Command and Control


1st Spin-Out 1 Army Medium Brigade

Joint Landing Force 2nd Spin-Out 1 Army Cavalry Brigade

1

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2020

R&D Phase for NEC Coherent Land Force

R&D 2nd Spin-Out 3rd Spin-Out 1 Army Medium Brigade

R&D 3rd Spin-Out

C2 AREA – NEC Force


44 44

C2 AREA – NEC Force

FUTURE SOLDIER

VBC 8x8 – Centauro MLU VTLM

ENG, CBRN, PSYOPS, ...

HELICOPTERS

UAV- UGV

FIRE LOS - NLOS

C4-ISR

D

I

G

I

T

A

L

I

S

E

D

D

I

G

I

T

A

L

I

S

E

D

x x

NEC NEC

x x

NEC NEC

xx

NEC

Amphibious Landing force

CAPABILITIES


45

C2 AREA – Future Soldier

Sub-systems

• Weapon

• Target Acquisition

• Night Mobility

• Communications

• Command and Control

• Protection & Survival


46 46

Coalition Shared ISR DATA

CSDB

NRF

Motion Imagery SIGINT

GMTI

IMINT

Maritime Domain Awareness

Land and SOF

C2 AREA - MAJIIC

Sensor Ground

Station



http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.rottenpuppy.com/beach_assault3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.rottenpuppy.com/SpecialOPs.html&h=960&w=1280&sz=258&tbnid=Q8T6z_haIwEJ:&tbnh=112&tbnw=150&hl=en&start=24&prev=/images?q=navy+seals&start=20&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=N

C2 AREA – MAJIIC Italian Side

ARMY COMMAND POST - SIACCON

AIR COMMAND POST - SICCAM

NAVY COMMAND POST – MCCIS ITALY

C4ISTAR ARCHITECURE

SERVICE ORIENTED

CSDB ITALY

JOINT COMMAND POST – C2I

FUTURE SOLDIER

SICCONA-BFSA

ISR DATA


48

C2 AREA – ALTBMD TBMD Planning

ACCS

US Patriot FR SAMP/T

IT SAMP/T

NL Patriot GE Patriot GR Patriot

FADR/DADR (E.G. ASTOR-T, IT TPS-77)

SEW

Link-16 (TDMA)

US Aegis/EW

IT PAAMS

NL ADCF/EW NGCS

J-Series: Planning, Tasking, Status Reporting, Threat Warning, Space Track

IT MEADS


49

•NGIFF/BTID

•Battlefield Surveillance Radar

•Air Defense System

•VTS

•UAV (Predator, Falco, Raven, Strix)

•Earth Observation Satellite (HELIOS, COSMO Sky-Med)


Surveillance


SENSOR AREA

UAVs - Predator / Falco

• Assure the control of the Area of Operations

• Reduce to zero the risks for the air crew



SENSOR AREA

UAVs – Raven Strix

• Assure the control of the Area of Operations

• Reduce to zero the risks for the air crew



Contents




Interoperability



Conclusions


Strategy for the development of national NEC in Italy

NEC implementation

Follow NATO guidelines

Implement them “tailoring” on national ambition within a national road-map

Assure their applicability also to Home Land Security purpose

54

Directives of the Minister of Defense

Concentration in joint bodies of all the services that it is not necessary to maintain within the individual armed forces or for operational or functional reasons;

A similar integration and simplification is required for the organization of the summit areas, operations and administrations, to enter into a more efficient unity of direction and guidance;

Implementation of centralized management control tools, within individual armed forces;

Implementation of centralized databases;

Identification of a single supervisor in the chain of each sub-process, especially in relation to the performance of acquisition of goods and services.


Rationalize and modernize the common info-structure in order to be able to provide fundamental services as established in a Service Oriented Architecture

Become the reference for the connectivity of institutional offices

Enhance the geographical connectivity with Information Exchange Gateways

NEC implementation

Defense Information Infrastructure Objectives


The full implementation of the DII could cover a period of not less than ten years, with a

commitment to spend around one billion euro, which is necessary for the development of

capacitive packages identified by the NATO and in conformity to the Act of the minister of defense;

DII implementation

Defense Information Infrastructure Objectives


Contents




Interoperability



Conclusions


Conclusioni

Creazione di una infostruttura che interconnetta sensori (sempre allo stato dell’arte), valutatori, decisori ed attuatori.

Capacità di ovviare a “smagliature” nella rete con capacità alternative da porre in essere in tempi ristretti.

Piattaforme e sistemi pienamente in grado di dialogare ed interfacciarsi reciprocamente.

Continuo addestramento del personale ad operare in un contesto net-centrico.

Continuo addestramento del personale ad operare in un contesto net-centrico in modo integrato.

Continuo aggiornamento delle informazioni disponibili.

Disponibilità di sistemi di analisi e trattamento dati in continuo aggiornamento.


<<the implementation of the DII to acquire NEC capability is a challenge but first of all a need, forcing to technological innovation>>

<< target is to make full use of the already available

or developing assets, according to the concept “transforming while operating” >>

Can the Italian Defence afford it with current budget? Probably with a PPP it will be possible

How? Let’us brain storm

CONCLUSIONS


mireille_mathieu_-_la_marseillaise - Copia.mp3

Thank you for your attention


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