the atomic bombings and the end of world war ii
DESCRIPTION
THE ATOMIC BOMBINGS and THE END OF WORLD WAR II. AUGUST – SEPTEMBER, 1945. QUIZ, pp. 749-53. The scientist in charge of the Manhattan Project was named __?__ The first successful detonation of an atomic weapon was held in what U.S. state? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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THE ATOMIC BOMBINGSand
THE END OF WORLD WAR II
AUGUST – SEPTEMBER, 1945
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QUIZ, pp. 749-53 The scientist in charge of the Manhattan Project
was named __?__ The first successful detonation of an atomic
weapon was held in what U.S. state? Who was U.S. President when the first successful
detonation took place? The two atomic bombs were nicknamed __?__ and
__?__. The airplane that dropped the first atomic bomb
was nicknamed __?__. What two Japanese cities were attacked with
atomic bombs? Which one was attacked first? The 1945 Yalta Conference laid the foundation
for an international peace-keeping organization called the __?__
Nazi war criminals were prosecuted in the __?__ trials.
What nations occupied Germany after WWII?
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The End of the War Japan Loses Ground: Why?
U.S. submarine campaign Massive U.S. bombing campaign Heavy battlefield casualties
Desperate measures: “Kamikaze” (Define) campaign “No surrender” on battlefield Homeland defense training
U.S. Closes in: How will the war End?
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The Atomic Bomb When?
1942 -1945 Where?
Oak Ridge, Tennessee Los Alamos, New Mexico
Codename: The Manhattan Project Who?
Gen. Leslie Groves J. Robert Oppenheimer
The First Test: July 16, 1945 Trinity Site, Alamogordo, New Mexico Success
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THE MANHATTAN PROJECT
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TRINITY TEST SITE TOWER
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TRINITY TEST, JULY 16, 1945
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DETONATION SEQUENCE
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10 SEC. AFTER DETONATION
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DETONATION – FROM DISTANCE
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To Bomb Or Not To Bomb Why drop the bomb?
Prevent an invasion of Japan Prevent the risk of massive casualties End the war more quickly
Why Not? Is it ethical? Do we really need to? Do we understand the long-term
effects? What do YOU think?
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THE ATOMIC BOMBINGS When?
August 6, 1945: Hiroshima August 9, 1945: Nagasaki
Effect? Describe: Result? Sept. 2, 1945 – Japan
Surrenders World War II Ends
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TIBBETS & SWEENY
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MajorCharles Sweeny,U.S. Army A.F.,Lead Pilot,Nagasaki Mission
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NAGASAKI BOMBER B-29 SUPERFORTRESS
“BOCKS CAR”
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AERIAL VIEW - NAGASAKI BEFORE BOMBING
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AERIAL VIEW – NAGASAKI AFTER BOMBING
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NAGASAKI
BOMBING
AUGUST 9th,
1945
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“LITTLE BOY” ATOMIC BOMB
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“FAT MAN” ATOMIC BOMB
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TYPES OF ATOM BOMBS
Hiroshima “Gun” Bomb
Nagasaki “Implosion” Bomb
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ATOMIC BOMB FIGURES WW II ATOMIC BOMBS:
1000 TONS OF TNT = 1 “KILOTON” WW II BOMBS = 13,000 TONS = 13
KILOTONS 1952 “HYDROGEN” BOMB:
1 MIL. TONS OF TNT = 1 “MEGATON” HYDROGEN BOMB = 3 MIL. TONS OF TNT =
3 MEGATONS 1955: U.S. HAD 30,000+ MEGATONS OF
NUCLEAR WEAPONRY ALL EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE USED BY
ALL NATIONS IN WWII ADDED TOGETHER = 1.2 MEGATONS
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HIROSHIMA – AFTER BOMBING
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HIROSHIMA “SHADOW”
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NAGASAKI AFTERMATH
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JAPANESE URBAN TARGETS
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NAGASAKI BLAST RADIUS
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NAGASAKI BOMB CASUALTIES
DISTANCE FROM GROUND ZERO (KM): 0-1.0 km: 88% Killed, 6% Injured, Pop.:
30,900 1.0-2.5 km: 34% Killed, 29% Injured,
Pop.: 27,700 2.5-5.0 km: 11% Killed, 10% Injured,
Pop.: 115,200
TOTAL: 22% Killed, 12% Injured,Pop.: 173,800
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ATOMIC BOMB CASUALTIES
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BOMBING EFFECTS ON JAPAN
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Final Results: The War in The Pacific,
1931-45 ALLIES WIN; JAPAN SURRENDERS UNCONDITIONALLY
Japan occupied by U.S. Military Gen. Douglas MacArthur commands
occupation forces Casualties:
Allies: KILLED Military: 4 Million Civilian: 25 Million
Axis (Japan): KILLED Military: 2 Million Civilian: 960,000
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Other Results: The Pacific War
Japan forced to adopt democratic-style gov’t.
China plunged into Civil War: Communists v. Nationalists (Mao
Zedong v Chiang) Korea divided:
North Korea (Communist) South Korea (Pro-Western)
Europeans begin losing colonies: Asian independence movements gain strength: Example: French Indochina - Vietnam