the australian beef industry -...
TRANSCRIPT
The Australian
beef industry
Volume 2
Data compendium
September 1995
@ Commonwealth of Australia 1995
This work is copyright. The Copyright Act 1968 permits fair dealing for study,
research, news reporting, criticism or review. Selected passages, tables or
diagrams may be reproduced for such purposes provided acknowledgment of
the source is included. Major extracts or the entire document may not be
reproduced by any process without the written permission of the Executive
Director, ABARE.
Ashton, D., Rudwick, V., Martin, P. and Reynolds, R. 1995, The Australian beef
industry, ABARE, Canberra.
Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics
GPO Box 1563 Canberra 2601
Telephone (06) 272 2000 Facsimile (06) 272 2001
ABARE is a professionally independent research organisation attached to the
Department of Primary Industries and Energy.
ABARE project 1329
- -
Contents
Volume 2: Data compendium
1. Introduction
2. ABARE farm survey methodology
3. Tables of selected estimates
3.1 New South Wales
3.2 Victoria
3.3 Queensland
3.4 South Australia
3.5 Western Australia
3.6 Tasmania
3.7 Northern Territory
Contents of Volume 1: The Report
Introduction
1. A physical, economic and social profile
2. Physical characteristics and herd performance
3. Beef producer's financial performance
4. Herd composition
5. Beef cattle marketing methods
6. Seasonal conditions - the impact of drought
7. Corporate properties versus family owned and operated properties
References
1. Introduction
Volume 2 of the beef industry report includes a data compendium and a description of
ABARE farm survey methodology, while Volume 1 provided analyses of specific
issues.
This volume has been prepared to provide the industry with a detailed collection of data
not usually reported in ABARE publications.
Industry coverage
Beef cattle are produced on properties with a wide diversity of enterprises. This report
presents results for those beef producers included in ABARE's Australian agricultural
and grazing industries survey (AAGIS). This survey includes those farms with an
estimated value of agricultural operations (EVAO) greater than $22 500, and which
receive the major part of their gross receipts from one of the broadacre industries,
namely the wheat and other crops, mixed livestock-crops, sheep, beef and sheep-beef
industries.
Of the 72 000 producers in the broadacre industries in 1993-94, around 17 400 derived
the major part of their total cash receipts from running beef cattle. These are classified
as being in the beef industry for the purposes of the survey. In this report, they are
termed 'specialist beef producers'. Other beef producers discussed in this report are
described as 'non-specialists'. These non-specialists' are those broadacre producers who
run more than 50 head of beef cattle but who receive most of their income from
enterprises other than beef cattle.
Specialist beef producing properties carried around 61 per cent of Australia's beef cattle
in 1993-94. Other non-specialist beef properties in the sheep-beef and mixed
livestock-crops industries carried a further 14 per cent and 9 per cent respectively of
the national beef herd. A further 4 per cent were carried on broadacre farms with less
than 50 head of beef cattle. Overall, the total number of beef cattle estimated to be
covered by the AAGIS in 1993-94 was 20.4 million head (around 88 per cent of the
total beef herd).
Of the remaining beef cattle, around 1 million cattle were on farms with an EVAO
between $5 500 and $22 500. The rest were on farms in other industries not covered by
the broadacre classification. A substantial proportion of those were on dairy farms.
Meat Irxdustry Report 1
Data compendium
Estimates from the Australian Dairy Industry Survey indicate there were some 0.5
million beef cattle on dairy farms in 1993-94. However, the contribution of dairy farms
to total beef production is greater than would be indicated by the number of beef cattle
carried on dairy farms. Of the 8 million cattle slaughtered in Australia in 1993-94 an
estimated 16 per cent were from dairy- farms. These included cull dairy cows and bobby
calves as well as cattle reared specially for beef or veal production.
Presentatiort of the data
State level data for specialist beef producers are presented in this volume. Some of
these tables include data for particular groupings of producers based on the average
number of cattle on hand. The groupings were selected to highlight differences
among specialist beef producers within states.
Properties were classified to a group according to the average size of their beef herd
during the year as set out below.
Less than 300 cattle
300 to 550 cattle
550 to 1000 cattle
1000 to 2800 cattle
2800 to 5500 cattle
More than 5500 cattle
NSW Vic Qld SA WA Tas NT Aust
X X X X
X X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X
X X X
All beef industry
properties X X X X X X X X
The groups were determined by dividing the sample of specialist beef producers into
six groups, so that approximately one sixth of the Australian population of specialist
beef producers was contained in each group. Where a particular size group is not
shown for a state, this simply reflects the fact that sample sizes in each category
were too small to produce reliable results.
Meat Industry Report 2
Data compendium
2. ABARE farm survey methodology
ABARE Farm Surveys
Farm surveys conducted by ABARE have been a prime source of physical and financial
information for the Australian farm sector for the past forty years. This information has
been collected through close cooperation, in operational and financial terms, between
ABARE and key research and development funding organisations. The information has
been used to undertake economic research into industry and government policy areas.
Surveys undertaken for 1993-94 included the Australian agricultural and grazing
industries survey, which covers the broadacre sector of agriculture and forms the basis
for much of the data presented in this report.
ABARE's annual surveys of the Australian broadacre industries provide a unique
database which integrates detailed financial and physical information for just over 70
per cent of Australian farm business units.
Between June and November, sample farms are visited by ABARE survey officers.
These officers interview the farm operators or managers to obtain physical and financial
details of the farm business for the latest financial year ended 30 June. Further
information is subsequently obtained from accountants, selling agents and marketing
organisations on the signed authority of responding farmers.
Considerable effort is made to reconcile the information obtained from the various
sources to produce an accurate description of the physical and financial characteristics
of each sample farm in the survey.
Information is collected on production, sharefarming, livestock, cropping, irrigation,
fertiliser, land tenure, labour, costs, returns, debts and capital inventory.
Respondents to the surveys are also contacted by telephone in October each year to
obtain estimates of production and expected receipts and costs for the current financial
year. The responses received in October 1994 were used by ABARE to make estimates
for 1994-95.
Meat Industry Report 3
Data compendium
Target populations
ABARE surveys are designed and samples selected on the basis of a framework
provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). This framework consists of an
annual listing of key characteristics and industry information for all agricultural
establishments in Australia. The listing is compiled by the ABS from data obtained in
its Agricultural Census carried out in March each year.
For the surveys, farms are classified to a particular Australian and New Zealand
Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC) according to their major source of income.
Only those establishments with an estimated value of agricultural operations of $22 500
or more are included in the survey population. The use of this EVAO threshold is
designed to eliminate many of the smaller sub commercial and 'hobby' type farms. A
definition of the estimated value of agricultural production is given in the 1983 ABS
publication, Australian Standard Industrial Classification, 1983 (ABS cat. no. 1201.0).
Enterprise changes and movement in industry classification
Farms classified to a particular ANZSIC industry and with a particular estimated value
of agricultural operations (EVAO) in one year do not necessarily maintain either that
classification or that level of EVAO in the following year.
These changes might arise from conscious decisions by producers to change their
enterprise mix. However, they might also change in response to price and yield
changes. For example, if the price of output from one industry rises, relatively more
farms are likely to be classified as being in that industry. Similarly, in years of high
production andlor prices, more farms are likely to exceed the EVAO threshold. Farms
amalgamations and partial ownership changes can also lead to industry changes and
changes in EVAO.
Analysis of data on farm numbers and EVAO over the past few years has shown a
considerable degree of mobility between the broadacre industries, particularly the wheat
and other crops and mixed livestock-crops industries, the beef and sheep-beef
industries, the sheep and sheep-beef industries, and between the sheep and mixed
livestock-crops industries.
Further discussion of enterprise changes and movement in industry classification can be
found in the Farm Surveys Report 1995.
Meat Industry Report 4
Data compendium
Survey estimates
The 1994-95 data presented in this report are provisional estimates based on the
estimates for 1993-94 and other collected and aggregate commodity information.
Estimates for 1994-95 for the broadacre industries have been derived using the results
of the October 1994 telephone survey of survey respondents and the most recent
commodity market information. Models using farm level data were used to estimate
changes in farm debt between 1993-94 and 1994-95.
Reliability of estimates
Sampling errors
Only a small proportion of the farms in a particular industry are used to produce survey
estimates. Differences between these estimates and those that would have been obtained
if information had been collected from all farms are called sampling errors. The more
farms there are in the sample, the lower the sampling error is likely to be.
To give a guide to the reliability of the survey estimates, estimates of 'standard errors'
have been calculated for all estimates. These estimated errors, expressed as a
percentage of the survey estimates and termed 'relative standard errors', are given next
to each estimate in parentheses. In general, the smaller the relative standard error, the
more reliable the estimate.
Non-sampling errors
The values obtained in a survey are affected by errors other than those relating directly
to the sampling procegure. For example, it might not be possible to contact certain
types of farms, the respondent may provide inaccurate information or may differ from
non-respondents in a variable being surveyed.
ABARE's experience in conducting surveys of rural industries has resulted in
procedures designed to minimise non-sampling errors. However, when drawing
inferences from estimates derived from sampling surveys, users of survey data should
bear in mind that both sampling and non-sampling errors do occur. Because of the
provisional nature of the 1994-95 estimates, non-sampling errors may be substantial
and the estimates should be treated with appropriate caution when inferences are drawn
from them.
Meat Industry Report 5
Data compendium
Sample weighting
The estimates presented in this report are all calculated by appropriately weighting the
data collected from each sample farm and then using these weighted data to calculate
population estimates.
The method used by ABARE to construct sample weights involves combining data on
the total number of farming establishments and total production for key physical
outputs, obtained from the annual Agricultural Census conducted by the Australian
Bureau of Statistics, with the corresponding numbers and production details of the
farms in the various survey samples.
Sample weights are calculated so that sample estimates of numbers of farms in various
geographic regions and industries, as well as of outputs at these levels, correspond as
closely as possible to known Australian Bureau of Statistics data.
Data available from ABARE Surveys
The data items available from ABARE surveys are briefly described below under broad
category headings.
Land
Area operated, types of tenure, additions and reductions to land area, opening and
closing land values.
Sharefarming
On and off farm sharefarming, by enterprises, crop areas and type, share proportion,
quantity sold, payments receiveamade.
Labour
Cooperator and family labour by type, age and weeks worked, weeks worked and
wages paid to managers and permanents, wages paid to casuals and imputed costs of
family labour.
Capital
Capital inventory of plant, machinery, buildings, fences, yards etc by capital item group
including leased items, age of, replacement costs and purchase pricelsale price for items
acquiredldisposed. Estimated value of land and improvements, plant and equipment by
Meat Industry Report 6
Data compendium
major item groups, major types of livestock and stocks of wool and some crops. Capital
appreciation is also estimated for these capital items together with the value of buildup
in trading stocks of livestock, wool and some crops.
Crops
By major crops for annual and perennial crops - areas planted, harvested, quantity
producedlon handlpurchasedlused or wastedlsold by type of outlet and cost of
purchases and receipts from sale together with freight and other selling costs.
Fertiliser
Type applied, area fertilised, quantity applied to wheat, other crops or pasture.
Irrigation
Area irrigated by major crop group or pasture, by method of irrigation, by major water
source. Quantity of water used/resold.
Livestock
For sheep, beef cattle and dairy cattle - opening and closing numbers, matings, natural
increase, purchases (numbers and costs), sales (numbers, by type of sale, whether
finished on grain, receipts and freight paid), deaths, losses, transfers, flocklherd
composition at 30 June. Number agisted on and off farm, costslreceipts, reasons for off
farm agistment and number of beef cattle feedlotted on farrnloff farm. Branding and
turnoff rates for beef cattle. Sheep shorn, wool produced and on hand. For other
livestock (pigs, goats, horses, deer) income from sales and cost of purchases.
For dairy farms milk sales (quantity, value and selling charges) by month for wholemilk
and manufacturing milk.
Receipts
In addition to receipts from crops, livestock and wool and off farm sharefarming,
information is also collected on receipts from off farm contracting, livestock
compensation, insurance claims, other farm products, refunds from market support
funds, royalties and other sources of income earned as a result of farm operations.
costs
Purchases of livestock, selling and marketing costs, freight, wages, shearing, cost of
inputs such as fertiliser, fodder, seed, sprays, fuel and oil and expenditure on contracts,
Meat Industry Report 7
- -
Data compendium
repairs and maintenance, accountancy fees, rates, interest paid and other costs incurred
in the operation of the farm. Depreciation of f m improvements, plant and equipment.
Farm performance measures
Farm cash income - a simple measure of cash flow, farm business profit - a measure of
the underlying profitability of the farm as a business, profit at full equity, profit at full
equity including capital appreciation, rate of return excluding capital appreciation and
rate of return including capital appreciation.
Farm family For cooperator and spouse, educational level, off farm employment, weeks worked off
farm, average hours per week, salarieslwages, other non farm income earned and social
welfare payments.
Farm debt
Farm debts by loan purpose, loan type, lending source, loan term and amount
outstanding at 1 July and 30 June.
Farm equity
Farm equity and equity ratio at 30 June.
Liquid assets
Estimated value of liquid assets such as bank deposits, debentures, shares etc, which are
readily convertible to cash and are owned or available to the farm business.
Meat Industry Report 8
Data compendium
3.1 New South Wales
Approximately 27 per cent of specialist beef producers in 1993-94 were located in
New South Wales, and these producers carried around 19 per cent of all beef
industry cattle. Around 24 per cent of all specialist beef producers in Australia with
less than 300 cattle were located in New South Wales.
New South Wales was the only state to have lower cattle numbers in 1994-95 than
in 1993-94. This reduction resulted from the northern drought spreading to that
state.
Turnoff rates have fluctuated in New South Wales over the past ten years, but have
remained largely unchanged. Beef cattle branding rates have increased slightly in
New South Wales over the past ten years. For the bottom 25 per cent of specialist
beef producers by rate of return, death rates averaged 2.7 per cent in 1993-94. For
the top 25 per cent of producers, death rates average around 1.6 per cent.
Beef cattle receipts were lower in New South Wales in 1994-95 because of lower
saleyard prices, despite higher levels of turnoff. Fodder costs rose sharply in 1994-
95 in New South Wales, as the northern drought extended into that state. Estimated
fodder costs on specialist beef producing properties in New South Wales were
around $1 1 400 in 1994-95, up from $5 170 in 1993-94.
The average rate of return for specialist beef producers in New South Wales has
been largely negative over the longer term, reflecting the high proportion of smaller
producers in that state. The top 25 per cent of specialist beef producers by rate of
return, had slightly more diverse enterprises, with less reliance on beef cattle
receipts than did the bottom 25 per cent.
Meat Industry Report 9
Data compendium
AAGlS regions in New South Wales
New
Balranald Cena l Darling
Bogan
Barraba Manilla pany
Bland Cowra Lachlan Parks
Bemgan Deniliquin Leeton Urana
Albury Culcairn Hume Wagga Wagga
Bathurst Memwa Rylstone
Bombala Gunning Tallaganda Yass
Armidale Tenterfield
Ballina Blacktown Campbelltown Copmanhurst Gloucester Greater Taree Kiama Lismore Narnbucca Penrith Shoalhaven Ulmarra Wollongong
South Wales Local Government Areas Region 111
Bourke Brewamna Cobar Wentwonh
Region 1211 Coonamble Walgen
Region 1212 Bingara Gunnedah Moree Plains Narrabri Quirindi Tamwonh
Region 122 Cabonne Coolah Dubbo Forbes Mudgee N m m i n e Weddin Wellington
Region 1231 Carrathool Conargo Griffith Hay Murray Munumbidgee Wakool Windouran
Region 1232 Boorowa Coolamon Gundagai Harden Junee Lockhart Young
Region 1311 Blayney Evans Murmrundi Muswellbrook Scone Sevem
Region 1312 Cooma-Monaro Crookwell Mulwaree Queanbeyan Tumbarumba Turnut
Region 1313 Dumaresq Glen Innes Uralla Walcha
Region 132 Baulkham Hills Bega Valley Blue Mountains Byron Casino Cessnock C Dungog Eurobodalla Gosford Grafton Hastings Hawkesbury Ku Ring Gai Kyogle Liverpool Maclean Newcastle Nymboida Port Stephens Richmond River Sutherland Sydney Waningah Wigecanibee Wyong
By Region
Broken Hill Unincorporated
Warren
Inverell Nundle Yallaroi
Coonabarabran Gilgandra orange
Corowa Jerilderie Narrandera
Cootamundra Holbrook Temora
Greater Lithgow Oberon Singleton
Goulbum Snowy River Ymwlumla
Bellingen Carnden Coffs Harbour Fairfield Great Lakes Kernpsey Lake Macqmie Maitland Parramatta Shellharbour Tweed Wollondilly
Meat Industry Report 11
Data compendium
Table 3 . 1 ~ : Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
(Average perproperty) Bottom 25% Top 25%
5yearaverage by n t e of return by rate of return 1988-89 la 1992-93 1993-94p in 1993.94~ in 1993.94~ 1994.95s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls cows Replacement heifen Calves Other cattle
Beef canle purchased Beef cattle o l d Beef caltle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
Area operated
Branding rate Cows mated per bull Turnon rate Turnoff rate Death rate
no. no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
ha
%
no. %
% %
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
Tabk 3.Ib: Selected farm performance estimates, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
(Average perpropeny - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Bottom 25% Top 25%
5yearaverage by rate of return by rale of return
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p in 1993.94~ in 1993.94~ 1994-95s
Population Sample Contributing
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wool Agistment Government assistance Off f m contract Other cash receipu Total cash receipts
Total cash cosu
Financial performaoce Farm cash inwme Buildup in trading stocks Depreciation expense Total imputed labour cast Farm business profit
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca) Capital appreciation plant Profit at full equity (inci ca) Total capital at 30lune Total farm debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30lune b Farm equity ratio at 30 June b Rate of remm excl ca
no. no.
$
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
$
$ $ 16 $ $
$ $ $ $ $
$ $ $ %
a Major feedlots excluded. b Propenies responding to questions on debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3 . 1 ~ : Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
(Average per propeny - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Bottom 25% Top 25%
5 year average by rate of relurn by rate of return 1988-89 lo 1992-93 1993-94p in 1993.94~ in 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population Sample Canmbuting
Beef cattle purchased Freight paid on cattle purchased
Handling & marketing expenses Freight paid on cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agistrnent Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and cfutching
Administration cos& Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Fertiliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash costs
Total cash costs
no. no.
$ $
$ $
$ $ $ $
$
$ $
$ $ $
$ $ $ $
$
a Major feedlo& excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminmy. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard enar of the mean expressed as a perce
Table 3.ld: Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Cows Replacemenu heifers Calves Other
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
Properties with less than 300 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
no. no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
Area operated ha 416 (8) 519 (17) na
Branding rate % 82 (3) 78 (6) na Cows mated per bull no. 29 (6) 27 (8) na Turnon rate % 9 (28) 18 (71) na Turnoff rate % 52 (7) 82 (15) na Death rate % 2.8 (12) 2.6 (20) na
Properties with 300 to 550 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
a Major feedlou excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard emor of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.1.5': Selectedphysical eslimates, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
(Average per property)
Population Sample Canhibuting
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Cows Replacements heifers Calves Other
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
no. no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
Properties with 550 to 1000 cattle Properties with 1000 to 2800 cattle 5ycaraveragc 5yoaraverage
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Area operated ha 1 127 (5) 1212 (11) na 2962 (17) 1574 (14) na
Branding rate % 89 (1) 85 (61 na 82 (2) 86 (4) na Cows mated per bull no. 14 (IS) 14 (46) na 16 (12) 14 (46) na Turnon rate % 10 (19) 10 (50) na 16 (43) 5 (371 na Turnoff rate % 45 (4) 57 (13) na 50 (17) 40 (7) na Death rate % 1.8 (13) 1.6 (13) na 2.2 (13) 1.8 (16) na
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.lf: Selected farm performance estimates, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
(Average perproperty - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Properties with lers than 3W cattle Properties with 300 to 550 cattle
5yearaverage 5yearaveragr 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p
Population no. Sample Canbibuting no.
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wool Agktment Government assistance Off farm contract Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total cash casts $ 47 563 (17) 50 942 (20) 50 957 (49) 82023 (10) 82355 (20) 83 070
Finandal performance F m cash income Buildup in uading stocks Depreciation Total imputed labour cost Farm business profit
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca) Capital appreciation plant Profit at full equity (incl ca) Total capital at 30 June Total f m debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30 June b Farm equity ratio at 30 June b Rate of return (excl ca)
$ 5 257 $ - 17 193 $ 837 $ - 15 138 $ 614412
no. 28 726 no. 535 625 no. 95 90 -2.7
a Major feedlots excluded. b Propelties responding to questions on debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated innease or decrease in lhe value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed a\ a percentage.
Table 3.Ig: Selected farm performance estimates, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
(Avernge perproperty - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Properties witb 550 to 1000 cattle Properties with 1000 to 2800 cattle
5 year average 5 year average 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p
Population no. Sample Conuibuting no.
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wool Agistment Government assistance Off farm conuact Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total cash costs 5 133 722 (8) 140256 (16) 93 284 (13) 291 783 (17) 198 097 (14) 175 594
Financial performance Farm cash income $ 46740 (17) 73 402 (22) 18 169 (49) 85 337 (28) 86707 (51) 36 833 Buildup in trading stoclis 5 8 527 (44) - 25 770 (124) 42 124 (94) - 22433 (110) 24500 (109) 13 361 Depreciation 5 19716 (8) 13508 (18) 13998 (18) 27 972 (9) 9051 (49) 8 168 Total imputed labour cost $ 34 481 (5) 30 057 (11) 30 987 (9) 39998 (5) 29360 (11) 27 129 Farm business profit $ 1 070 (676) 4 066 (432) 15 308 (265) - 5 067 (393) 72 7% (35) 14 899
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca) Capital apprecialian plant Profit at full equity (incl ca) Total capital at 30lune Tolal farm debt a1 30 June b Farm equity at 30 June b Farm equity ratio a1 30 June b Rate of return (excl ca)
$ 12007 5 16 024 5 2 306 $ 42 581 $ 1 820 751
no. 78 146 no. 1 479 684 m. 94 % 0.9
(16) 24092 (41) 31 981 (12) 2 337 (90) 88 947 (6) 1845 728
(IS) 200473 (4) 1 649 857
(1) 92 (44) 1.7
a Major feedlots excluded. b Properlies responding to questions on debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.lh: Selected components of totnl cash costs, specialist beef producers a, New South Wales
(Averoge per properly - expressed in 1994-95 dollars)
Pmperties with less than 300 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Conwibuting no.
Beef cattle purchased 16 5 974 (25) 10 607 (75) 5 000 (73) Freight paid on caltle purchased $ 6 (43) 251 (80) 78 (70)
Handling & marketing expenses $ 2 116 (141 3 595 (19) 1462 (17) Freight paid on cattle sold $ 343 (10) 629 (26) 247 (39)
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased Livestock malerials Shearing and crutching
AdminisVation costs Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Fertiliser expense Fuel. oil and grease Wages paid far hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash costs
Total cash costs $ 47 563 (17) 50 942 (20) 50 957 (49)
a Major feedlols excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994-95. p Preliminiuy. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
hoperties with 300 to 550 -tile 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~
Table 3.Zi: Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beefproducers a, New South Wales
(Average perproperty - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Pmpertis wilh 550 to 1000 catUe Properti- with 1000 to 2800 eatUe
5 year average Syearaverage 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Conuibuting no.
Beef cattle purchased $ 26747 (19) 30 819 (35) 7 721 (36) 63 878 (47) 35066 (25) 9 392 (38) Freight paid on cattle purchased $ 11 (39) 461 (621 239 (76) 126 (48) 440 (79) 88 (84)
Handling 81 marketing expenses $ 7 241 (7) 8 986 (19) 5 672 (12) I4607 (15) 12 925 (IS) 9627 (19) Freight paid on cattle sold $ 963 (20) 813 (28) 824 (23) 4070 (27) 1 561 (66) 1 963 (59)
Sheep purchmed $ 173 (57) 473 (70) Agistment $ 3423 (37) 1 179 (70) 2 424 Fodder purchased $ 8680 (27) 6611 (36) 13933 Livestock marerials $ 3 833 (9) 3 OM (15) na Shearing and crutching $ 165 (43) 291 (94) 45 1
Administration coss Total contacts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Fertiliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash costs
Total cash costs $ 133 722 (8) 140 256 (16) 93 284
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed a s a percentage.
3.2 Victoria
Approximately 24 per cent of specialist beef producers were located in Victoria in
1993-94. Around 34 per cent of Australia's specialist beef properties in Australia
with less than 300 cattle were located in Victoria.
In general, specialist beef producers in Victoria produce younger cattle than other
states. These are targeted mainly for the domestic market, Korea or Japan. There is
also a higher proportion of turnoff in this state that are sold as vealers and weaners.
Victoria has the greatest proportion of cattle sold using the auction system,
averaging over 73 per cent of all cattle turned off between 1988-89 and 1992-93.
Over the last ten years, turnoff rates have fluctuated in Victoria. However the
overall level has remained largely unchanged.
In Victoria, the top group by rate of return had slightly more diverse enterprises,
with less reliance on beef cattle receipts than did the bottom group. Specialist beef
producers in Victoria with less than 300 head have the lowest rate of return of any
group of beef specialists.
In Victoria, the proportion of Herefords has decreased, to be replaced with Angus,
Murray Greys or British crossbred cattle. The trend towards those cattle breeds is
due in part to their suitability for use in southern Australian feedlots. Breeds such as
the Angus fill out at a younger age than breeds such as the Hereford, and readily
produced the preferred marbled meat.
In Victoria, a much lower percentage of properties reported being in drought in
October 1994 than reported being in drought in October 1982.
Meat Industry Report 21
Data compendium
AAGIS regions in Victoria FaldGcvonuranlhexhekh~~cn.~sww
Victorian Local Government Areas by Region
Region 221 Birchip Karkarooc Kerang T Kerang S Mildura C Mildura S Swan Hill C Swan Hill S W ~ ~ P ~ U P Wycheproof
Region 222 Ampiles Dimboola Donald Dunrnunkle Horsham Kaniva Kowree Lowan Stawell S Stawell T Warmknabeal Wimera
Avcca Bet Bet Deakin Euroa Kara Kara Nathalia Rutherglen Strathfieldsaye Wangaratta S
Alberton BaimsdaJe S Buln Buln Flinders Maffra Mornington Newtown C Packenham South Gippsland Traralgon S Wodonga Yea
Benalla C Charlton Eaglehawk Gordon Korong Numurkah St Amaud Tungamah Waranga
Region 223 Benalla S Cobrarn East Lodden Goulbum Kyabram Rochester Shepparton C Violet Town Yarrawonga
Region 2311 Alexandra Avon Bass Beech worth Chiltem Cranboume Hastings Healesville Mansfield Mirbw Morwell Myrtleford Omeo Orbost Phillip Island Rosedale Tallangatta Tambo Upper Murray Upper Yarra Wonthaggi Worayl Unincorporated
Ararat C Ballarat S Belfast Bungme Colac C Daylesford & Glenlyon Gisbome Harnpden Kyneton Maldon Metcalfe Newham & Woodend Portland C Romsey Tabot & Qunes Warmambool S
Region Ararat S Ballan Bellarine Buninyong Colac S Dundas Glenelg Heytesbury Leigh Maryborough Minhamite Newstead Pyalong Sebas topol TuUaroop Wenibee
2312 Bacchus Marsh Bannockburn Broadford Camperdown Corio Geelong C GrenviIle Heywood Lexton Melbourne Mortlake h a y Queenscliffe Seymour Wqnon Whittlesea
Bendigo C Cohuna Echuca Huntley Marong Rodney S hepparton S Wangaratta C
Baimsdale T Bright Eltham Kommburra Moe C Narracan oxley Sale C Traralgon C Warrgul Yackandandah
Ballarat C Barrabool Bulla Castlemaine Creswick Geelong West C Hamilton C Kilmore McIvor Melton Mt Rouse Port Fairy Ripon South Barwon Warmambool C Winchelsea
Meat Industry Report 23 Data compendium
Table 3 . 2 ~ : Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Victoria
(Average per property) B o t h 25% Top 75%
5yearaverage by rate of relurn by rate of return
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p in 1993.94~ in 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Beef cattle at 30lune no. Bulls no. Cows no. Replacement heifers no. Calves no. Other cattle no.
Beef cattle purchased no. Beef cattle sold no. Beef cattle turned off no. Percent of females in beef herd %
Area operated ha
Branding rate %
Cows mated per bull no. Turnon rate % Turnoff rate % Death rate %
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied, na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
Table 3.26: Selected farm performance estimates, specialisl beefproducers a, Vicloria
(Averap~perpropeny - erpresred in 1994-95 dollars) Bottom 25% Top 25%
5 year average by rate of return by rate of return
1988-89 to 1992-93 193 .94~ in 1993.94~ in 1993.94~ 1994-95s
Total cash costs
Financial performance Farm cash income Buildup in uading stocks Depreciation expense Total imputed labour cast Farm business profit
Population Sample Contributing
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wool Agistment Government assistance Off farm canuact Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca) Capital appreciation plant Profit at full equity (incl ca) Total capilal at 30 June Total farm debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30 June b Farm equity ratio at 30 June b Rate of return excl ca
no. no.
$ $ $ $ $
5 $ $ $
$
$ 5 $ $ $
$ $
$ $ $ $ 5 $ %
a Major feedlau excluded. b Propenies responding to questions on debt only. ns Not supplied, na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3 . 2 ~ : Selected components oftotal cash costs, specialist beefproducers a, Victoria
(Averogeperpropeny - exprersed in 1994-95 dollars) Botlom 25% Top 25%
5 year average by rate of return by rateof return
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ in 1993.94~ in 19939411 1994-95s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle purchased Freight paid on cattle purchased
Handling & marketing expenses Freight paid on cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and crutching
Adminiseation costs Total caneacts paid Crop and paslure chemicals Feniliser expense Fuel, ail and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other caih costs
Total cash costs
no. no.
$ $
$ $
$ $ $ $ $
$ $ $ $ $ $
$ $
$
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are !he relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
Table 3.2d: Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Victoria
(Average per properly)
Population Sample Conuibuting
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls cows Replacements heifers Calves Other
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
no.
no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
Properties with leu than 300 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.9411 1994-95s
Area openled ha 181 ( 1 1 ) 206 (121 na
Branding rate % 82 (6) 80 (9) na Cows mated per bull no. 22 (91 22 (20) na Turnon rate % 23 (35) 9 (341 na Turnoff rate % 64 (111 50 (23) na Death rate % 2.7 (11) 2.1 (211 na
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied, na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard e m of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Properties with 300 to 550 cattle 5 year average
1988.89 to 1992-93 1993.94~
Tabk 3.2e: Selected farm performance estimates, specialist beef producers a, Victorin
(Average perpropeq - expressed in 1'994-95 dollars) Properties with less than 300 cattle Properties with 300 to 550 mule
5 year average 5 year average 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 199293 1993-94p
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Receipts Beef cattle crop sales Sheep Wool Agistment Government assistance Off farm contract Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total cash casts $ 44581 (9) 31 573 (11) 27260 (11) 79 233 (10) 64 383 (25) 91 459 134)
Financial performance Farm cash income Buildup in trading stocks Depreciation Total imputed labour cost Farm business profit
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca)
Capilal appreciation plant Profit at full equity (incl ca) Total capital at 30 June Total farm debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30 June b Farm equity ratio at 30 June b Rare of return (excl ca)
$ $ $ $
$
$ $
$ $ $
no. no. no. %
a Major feedlots excluded. b Properlies responding to questions an debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994.95 p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated inereax or decrease in he value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed a? a percentage.
Table 3.2f: Selected components of total cash costs, speczklist beefproducers q Victoria
(Average perproperty - expressed in 1994-95 dollnrr)
Propertie with less than 300 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Conhibuting no.
Beef cattle purchased $ 11 660 (23) 7 369 (33) 2 494 (69) Freight paid on cattle purchased $ 34 (83) 28 (54) 10 (73)
Handling & marketing expenses $ 2 578 (10) 2574 (16) 1884 (13) Freight paid on cattle sold $ 280 (22) 323 (30) 271 (32)
Sheep purchased $ 497 (53) 99 (92) 63 (42) Agistment $ 170 (40) 48 (89) 34 (100) Fodder purchased $ 1028 (18) 1 152 (34) 1 457 (28) Livestock materials $ 929 (12) 711 (31) na Shearing and crutching $ 52 (36) 84 (33) 104 (55)
Adminisvation costs Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Fertiliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash costs
Total cash costs $ 44581 (9) 31 573 (11) 27 260 (11)
a Major feedlots excluded, ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Properties with 300 to 550 cattle 5 year average
198&89 to 1992.93 1993-94p
3.3 Queensland
Approximately 32 per cent of specialist beef producers in 1993-94 were located in
Queensland and accounted for some 47 per cent of the herd on specialist beef
properties.
Around 9 per cent of specialist beef properties in Queensland run more than 2 800
head, with these properties accounting for around 47 per cent of all cattle on beef
properties in Queensland.
Around 24 per cent of specialist beef properties with less than 300 cattle were
located in Queensland. The proportion of small specialist beef properties in
Queensland has increased from 13 per cent in 1992-93. This is most likely as a
result of the prolonged effects of the drought in that state, reducing the number of
cattle held on many properties.
Despite the overall increase in total cattle numbers in Queensland, the average
number of cattle per specialist beef property has fallen. This apparent anomaly is
explained by changes in both the average number of cattle per property within
various size groups, and changes in the population of properties within these
groups.
Those properties with between 2 800 and 5 500 head reduced their average herd
size by around 4 per cent, and those properties with more than 5 500 head reduced
their average herd size by less than 1 per cent.
Meat Industry Report 3 1
Data compendium
AAGlS regions in Queens land For Local Government Areas in each region. see over
.- . . . .
Meat Industry Report 32
Data compendium
Queensland Local Government Areas
Burke Unincorporated
Boulia Quilpie
Barcoo Quilpie
Charters Towers Flinders Richmond
Aramac Jericho
Allora Dalby M i l m e m Stanthorpe
Banana Emerald
Bdome Chinchilla Tara
Albert Brisbane Calliope Fi tmy Gold Coast C Ipswich C Kingamy Logan Moreton Nanango P i e Rivers Tiam Woongam
Atherton Cairns Hinchinbrook Mulgrave Townsville C
Region 311 Carpentaria Cook Tones
Region 3121 Cloncurry Diamantina Mt Isa
Region 3122 Bulloo Isisford Paroo
Region 313 Croydon D a l ~ ~ l e Etheridge Herberton McKinlay Mareeba
Region 314 Barcaldine Blackall Longreach Murweh
Region 321 Cambooya Clifton Glengallan Inglewood Pittswonh Rosalie Toowoomba C Wambo
Region 3221 Bauhinia Belyando Monto Mt Morgan
Region 3222 Bendemere Booringa Goodiwindi Murilla Taroom Waggamba
Region 331 Beaudesert Biggenden Broardsound Bundaburg Caloundra Eidsvold Gatton Gayndah Gooburmm Gympie C Isis Kilcoy Kolan Laidley Maroochy Maryborough C Mornington Mundubbera Nebo Noosa Redcliffe Redland Widgee Wondai
Crows Nest Jondaryan Rosenthal Warwick C
Duaringa Peak Downs
Bungil Roma Warroo
Boonah Cabooluture Esk Gladstone Hervey Bay Kilkvan Livingstone Miriam Vale Murgon peny Rockhampton C woocoo
Region 332 Aurukun Bowen Burdekin Cardwell Douglas Eacham Johnstone Mackay C Mirani Pioneer Sarina Thuringowa Whitsunday
Meat Industry Report 33
Data compendium
Table 3.311: Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Queensland
(Average perproperty) Bottom 25% Top 25%
. . 5 year average by rate of retvrn by rate of rotvrn
1988-89 to 1992.93 1993-94p in 1993.94~ in 199594~ 1994-95s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Caws Replacement heifers Calves Other cattle
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
Area operated
Branding rate Caws mated per bull Turnan rate Turnoff rate Death rate
no. no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
5% no. 5%
5% 9%
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Prelimin;uy. s Provisional. Figures in brackels are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
Table 3.36: Selected farm performance estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Queensland
(Average perproperly - expressed in 1994-95 dollors) Bottom 25% Top 25%
5 year average by rate of return by rate of return
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p in 1993-94p in 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. 6 250 6 408 Sample Cantnbuting no. 1% 186
Receipts Beef cattle $ 168 282 (3) 205 330 (7 150 674 (6) Crop sales $ 11 852 (27) 7651 (29 8 777 (22) Sheep $ 135 (40) 677 (31 923 (55) Wool $ 812 (33) 1338 (35 726 (45) Agistment $ 1099 (18) 4943 (74 5 034 (20) Government assistance $ 578 (19) 3319 (16 2 835 (23) Off f m conuact $ 2 661 (31) 7593 (53 6559 (59) Other cash receipts $ 6 043 (3) 5 765 (7 2 442 (22) Total cash receipts $ 191 462 (3) 236616 (6 177 971 (6)
Total cash costs $ 146156 (4) 185221 (11 153 156 (7)
Financial performance Farm cash income $ 45 306 (8) 51 395 (23 24816 (35) Buildup in trading stocks $ 2704 (127) - 15 259 (70 2069 (335) Depreciation expense $ 19564 (4) 17 362 (6 17046 (6) Total imputed labour cost $ 32110 (2) 31 013 (5 31 304 (5) Farm business profit $ - 3 664 (107) - 12238 (71 -21466 (41)
Interest paid $ 19 853 (9) 18024 (15 17756 (11) Profit at full equity (excl ca) $ 19934 (IS) 8 357 (89 - 926 (869) Capital appreciation plant $ 2 355 (6) 2 206 (12 na Profit at full equity (incl ca) $ 38 135 (39) 70420 (18 na Total capital at 30 June $ 1 707452 (3) 1656 584 (5 na Total farm debt at 30June b $ 133 725 (6) 200502 (12 191 191 (11) Farm equity at 30 June b $ 1 338 685 (3) 1414 569 (5 na Farm equity ratio at 30 June b $ 91 (1) 88 (2 na Rate of return ercl ca % 1.2 (16) 0.5 (89 -0.1 (869)
a Major feedlots excluded. b Propenies respanding to questions an debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3 .3~: Selected components of total cask costs, specialist beef producers a, Queensland
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle purchased Freight paid on cattle purchased
Handling & marketing expenses Freight paid on cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased L i v e ~ t o ~ k materials Shearing and crutching
Administration costs Total conmcts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Fertiliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash cosu
Total cash costs
I 1994-95 dollarr) Bottom 25% Top 25%
Syearaverage by rate of return by rate of return
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ in 1993-94p in 1993.94~
no. no.
a Maior feedloa excluded, ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
(91) L.E (I l l 8E (921 E (SE) El (91 6 5
(11) SSPOZ
(91 0 5 (PI) OH (PI) 9E9 (PO PE (711 LLE (6) 962 (01) mr (L) EE9 (9s) OS (b) W S I
L9 PL LZS I Z6S 1
.a2ega~rad e se passudxa maw a q l p lous prepue~s an!lelal aql am saq3eIq u! sainSlj -[euo!s!noJd S 'hu!U!ga>d d .56-@661 JOJ alqElg3na ION En .pa!lddns ION SU 'papfllJxa Sl01paaj JO!OC~ e
EU (PC) PZ (11) 1 E % am, qeaa nu (01) SE (6) SE % alEJ ~ j o u m l nu (1) 9 (05) 9 % ~ I W J uamnl BU (PI) 51 (01) 0s '0" 11nq md pateeru smo3 eu (9) PL (Z) 9L % ale18u!pmlg
eu (81) EEO SI (6) Z8P9 pa18lado ealv
eu (E) LS (E) SS eu (01) SPZ (L) Z9Z
(6) 90Z (11) 6EZ (8) 9SZ (1011 Z9 Z 9E (621 8E
BU (9) 16 (L) IPI eu (5) 061 (9 L81 eu (91) 6L (9) 06 nu (81 PZE (El IZE cu (El) 12 (8) L I
(El OZL (E) SOL (d LSL
61 L1 E06 61L
sS6-b661 db6-E661 E6-26610) 68-8861 a a ~ s a ~ ~ -ah s
alllBJ OW1 4 OSS 41!* s!l~admd
p ~ a q jaaq u! salema1 jo luaxad JJO pawn, aple3jaag
p ~ o s alllea ~ a a a paseqsmd allleg faag
Jam0 s a n m
sra]!aq sluawa~e[daa ~ ~ 0 3 91"8
aunr OE le aIlle3 faag
Table 3.3f: Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Queensland
(Average perprupem) Properties with 2800 to 5500 cattle Properties with mare than 55W cattle
5 year average 5 year average 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ 1994-95s 1988-89 10 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population Sample Contributing
no. no.
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Cows Replacements heifers Calves Other
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
no no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
Area operated
Branding rate Cows mated per bull Turnon rate Turnoff mte Death rate
%
no. %
% %
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994.95 p Preliminary, s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.3g: Selected fm perfomance estimates, specinlist beef producers a, Queensland
(Averageperproperry - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) hperl ies with less than 3W cattle hoperties with 300 to 550 eaUe
5 year average 5 year average 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep W w l Agistment Government assistance Off farm contract Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total cash costs
Financial performance Farm cash income Buildup in mdingsfocks Depreciation Total imputed labour cost Farm business profit
$ $ $ $ $
$ $ $ $ $
no. no. no. %
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca)
Capital appreciation plant Profit at full equity (incl ca) Total capital at 30 June Total farm debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30 June b Farm equity ratio at 30 June b Rate of return (end ca)
a Major feedlots excluded. b Properlies responding to questions on debt only. ns Not supplied, na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminaty. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.3h: Selected farm performance estimates, specialist beef producers a, Queensland
(Average perproperty - expressed in 1994-95 dollars)
Properties with 550 to 1WOeattle Properties with 1000 to 2800 cattle 5 year avemge 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p
Population no. Sample Canuibuting no.
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wool Agistment Government assistance Off farm canuact Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total cash case
Financial performance Farm cash income Buildup in trading stocks Depreciation Total imputed labow cost Farm business profil
a a a a $
a a $ a $ no. no. no. %
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca) Capital appreciation plant Profit at full equity (incl ca) Total capital at 30 June Total farm debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30 June b Farm equity rado at 30 June b Rate of return (excl ca)
a Major feedlots excluded. b Properties responding to questions an debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary, s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is Ule estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative stvldard error of the mean expnssed as a percentage
Table 3.3i: Selected farm performance estimates, specinlist beef producers a, Queensland
(Avemge per propeny - expre.~.sed in 1994-95 dollors) Properties with 2800 to 5500 eatlle Properties with more than 5500 cattle
5 year average 5 year average 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p
Population no. Sample ConUibuting no.
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wool Agistment Government assistance Off farm contract Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total cash casu $ 451 906 (6) 810 134 (38) 418618 (11) 946662 (6) 1 102221 (24) 1017456
Financial performance Farm cash income $ 169 367 (17) 48 492 (267) I64507 (34) 598 301 (13) 472 073 (49) 128 624 Buildup in uading stocks $ 10574 (257) 71 534 (80) - 89916 (97) 69 823 (84) 11 1439 (176) 167 749 Depreciation $ 49 462 (4) 47 363 (7) 45 559 (7) 91 025 (5) 70525 (15) 73 723 Total imputed labour cost $ 47 561 (4) 46 543 (9) 47 762 (7) 45 374 (6) 46 905 (6) 54059 Farm business profit $ 82918 (23) 26 120 (316) - 18731 (266) 531 726 (9) 466083 (18) 168 592
Interest paid $ 75 304 (15) 61 502 (53) 51 477 (42) 91684 (19) 84483 (38) 96869 Profit at full equity (excl ca) $ 165 458 (10) 99 139 (50) 43 074 (88) 641 168 (8) 569079 (12) 283 926 Capital appreciation plant $ 5 659 (16) 4765 (13) na 8 879 (15) 3 116 (20) na Profit at full equity (incl ca) $ 158 935 (38) 165 474 (43) na 759 543 (11) 1 044874 (23) na Total capital at 30 June $ 4 423 129 (4) 4 057 340 (7) na 7 187932 (6) 6 798 159 (23) na Total farm debt at 30 June b no. 468 393 (12) 567 115 (46) 502546 (40) 927 691 (10) 1372 378 (18) 1394958 Farm equity at 30 June b no. 3 568 780 (6) 3 484954 (7) na 5 202 600 (8) 5 099 074 (15) na Farm equity ratio a1 30 June b no. 87 (2) 88 (4) na 86 (2) 80 (41 na Rate of relum (ercl ca) 7% 3.7 (10) 2.6 (52) 1.1 (90) 9.4 (10) 9.7 (21) 4.3
a Major feedlots excluded. b Propenies responding to questions an debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95, p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capiwl items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.3j: Selected components of total cash costs, specinlist beefproducers a, Queenslond
(Averageperpropeny - expressed in 1994-95 dollars)
Properties with leu than 300 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Beef cattle purchased Freight paid an cattle purchased
Handling & marketing expenses Freight paid on cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and crutching
Administration cosu Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Feniliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid far hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash casts
Total cash costs $ 71 014 (25) 62 330 (21) 53 044 (23)
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p PreliminaIy s Provisional. Figura in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed a percentage.
Properties with 300 to 550 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p
2718 (IS) 3774 (25) 2706 (13) 1 060 (43) 592 (26) 621 (33)
Table 3.31: Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beef producers a, Queensland
(Average p e r p r o p e q - expressed in 1994-95 dollars)
Properties with 2800 to 5500 cattle Properties with more than 55W catUe 5 year average 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 198889 to 1992.93 1993-94p
Population no. Sample Conlributing no.
Beef cattle purchased $ 81 184 (19) 269592 (61) 26344 (32) 202971 (13) 204444 (56) 171 317 Freight paid on cattle purchased $ 495 (50) 11 118 166) 1107 181) 1551 (52) 3515 (181) 2338
Handling 81 marketing expenses $ 21MK) (10) 29557 (29) 17592 (19) 39732 (11) 46360 (10) 34431 Freight p l d on cattle sold $ 11 1643 (14) 18509 130) 14441 (31) 36955 (17) 42593 122) 33 501
Sheep purchased $ 0 195) 0 0 Agistment $ 10915 (24) 10849 (48) 9502 Fodder purchased $ 16415 (11) 150393 (56) 64437 Livestock materials $ 9384 (11) 12754 (27) na Shearing and crutching $ 35 (74) 0 125
Administration costs Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Feniliser expense Fuel, ail and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repain and maintenance Other cash casts
Total cash costs $ 451 906 (6) 810 134 (38) 418618
a Major feedlots excluded, ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994-95. p Prelimina~y s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of Lhe mean expressed as a percentage.
3.4 South Australia
In general, producers in South Australia produce younger cattle mainly for the
domestic market, Korea or Japan. The survey data shows that producers in all states
have increasingly targeted the northern Asian markets, and in particular Korea.
Despite poor seasonal conditions, estimated beef cattle receipts were higher for
1994-95 than for 1993-94 in South Australia.
Total off-farm income for the specialist beef producers in 1993-94 was lowest in
South Australia, averaging around $9 500.
The average death rate for beef industry properties over the years 1988-89 to
1992-93 was estimated to be lowest in South Australia over this period, averaging
1.7 per cent.
Average equity ratios in the beef industry are high compared with other broadacre
industries, with the highest averages being for properties in Western Australia and
South Australia at 96 per cent.
The breed composition of the South Australian herd is unusual amongst the
southern Australian states as cattle from northern Australia can be transferred to this
state for finishing on more suitable pastures . There is a noticeable presence of
Shorthorn cattle, a breed that has become less common in Australia in recent years.
Similarly, Bos indicus cattle are more common than in other southern states.
In South Australia, a much lower percentage of properties reported being in drought
in October 1994 than reported being in drought in October 1982. The areas which
suffered the greatest reduction in cattle numbers between March 1991 and March
1994 included northern South Australia.
Meat Industry Report 47
Data compendium
AAGlS regions in South Australia For Local Government Areas in each region, see over
4-H Oodnadatta
- p~
Meat Industry Report Data compendium 48
South Australia Local Government Areas By Region
Region 411 Carrieton Hawker Kanyaka-Quorn Port Augusta Roxby Downs Whyalla C Unicorporated
Region 421 Cleve Elliston . Franklin Harbour Kimba Le Hunte Lower Eyre Peninsula Murat Bay Port Lincoln C Streaky Bay Tumby Bay
Blyth-Snowtown Central York Peninsula Hallett Mt Remarkable Peterborough M Port Broughton Saddlewonh & Auburn Wallaroo
Angaston Browns Well Karoonda-East Murray Loxton Morgan Paringa Renmark Robertstown
Adelaide Coonalpyn Downs Gawler Kingscote Meningie Mt Barker Munno Para Noarlunga Port Elliot & Goolwa stirliig Tatiara Willunga
Region 4221 Burra Burra Clare Jamestown DC Nonhem York Peninsula Peterborough DC Port Pirie Spalding Warooka
Bute Crystal Brook-Redhill Minlaton orroroo Pirie Rocky River Wakefield Plains Yorktown
Region Barmera Eudunda Lameroo Mallala Mt Pleasant Peake Ridley Truro
4222 Bem Kapunda Light Mannum Munay Bridge Pinnaroo Riverton Waikerie
Region 431 Barossa Dudley Gumeracha Lacepede. Millicent Mt Gambier C Naracoone DC Onkaparinga Pon MacdonneU Strathalbyn Tea Tree Gully Yankalilla
Beachport East Torrens Happy Valley LucindaIe Mitcham Mt Gambier DC Naracoorte M Penola Robe Tanunda Victor Harbor
Meat Indust~y Report 49
Data compendium
Table 3.40: Selected physical estimates, specinIist beefproducers a, South Australia
(Averageperpropeny) Bottom 25% Top 25% 5 year average by rate of return by rate of return
1988-89 to 1991-93 1993.9413 in 1993-94p in 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population Sample Conuibuting
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls cows Replacement heifers Calves Other cattle
Beef cattle purchaced Beef caltle sold Beef caule turned off Percent of females in beet
Area operated
Branding rate Cows mated per bull Tumon rate Turnoff rate Death rate
t herd
no. no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
ha
% no. % % %
a Major feedlots excluded ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard enor of the mean expressed as a perce
Table 3 . 4 ~ : Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beefproducers a, South AustraEia
(Average per property - expre.~sed in 1994-95 dollars) Bottom 25% Top 25%
5y~aravorage by rate of return by rate of relurn
1 W 8 9 h 1992.93 1993.94~ in 1993-alp in 1993.94~ 1994.9%
Administration costs Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Feniliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and meinlenance Other cash costs
Total ca.h costs
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle purchased Freight paid an cattle purchased
Hmdling & marketing expenses Freight paid on cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and crutching
no. no.
$ $
$ $
$ $ $ $
$
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
$
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994-95, p Prelimin;uy. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed ac a perce
3.5 Western Australia
Approximately 9 per cent of Australia's specialist beef producers in 1993-94 were
located in Western Australia.
Despite poor seasonal conditions, estimated beef cattle receipts were higher for
1994-95 than for 1993-94 in Western Australia. Higher turnoff in this state more
than compensated for lower average saleyard prices.
Average equity ratios in the beef industry are high compared with other broadacre
industries, with the highest averages being for properties in Western Australia and
South Australia at 96 per cent.
In Western Australia, the beef herd can be divided into two distinct groupings.
Almost one million of the 1.6 million cattle in Western Australia are located in the
northern pastoral areas of the state, with most of the remainder in the higher rainfall
areas of the south west. Only a small proportion of the Western Australian cattle
herd is located in the wheat-sheep zone.
Herefords are the most common breed of cattle in Western Australia, although they
are mostly in the southern areas of the state. In the north, Shorthorns and Brahmans
are the most common breeds, with a significant presence of crossbred cattle.
Meat Industry Report 53
Data compendium
AAGlS regions in Western A'ustralia For Local Government Areas in each reglon, see over
MeekaUlarra
Mount Magnet
Leonora
w Albanv
Meat Industry Report Data compendium 54
Western Austl -nlia Lon1 Government Areas By Region
B m m e Wyndham-cast Kimberley
Ashbunon Cue Exmouth Lconora Mount Magnet Rocboume Upper Gascoyne
Beverely Camamah Cuballing Dowerin Goomallig Kellerbenin Narrogin S Nonham T Tammin Victoria Plains West Arthur Wongan-Ballidu
BroomehiIl Jcnamungup Kojonup
Chapman Valley Koorda Memdin Mukinbudin Nonhampton Tlayning
Albany S Augusta-Margaret River Bridgetown-Greenbushes C a M i g Cockbum Dardanup Fnmantle C Harvey Mandurah Mundaring Perth Smcntine-Janahdalt
Region 511 Derby-wcst Kimberley Halls Qtek
Region 512 Camamon Coolgardie Dundas East nbara Kalgoolic-Boulder Laverton Meekatham Menzics Murchison Port Headland Sandstone Shark Bay Wiluna Yalgoo
Region 5211 Brookton Coorow Cunderdin Dumbleyung Greenough Mingenew Narrogin T Pingelly Three Springs Wagin Wickepin Wyalkarhchem
BNCC ROC^ Corrigin Dandmgan Geraldton Irwin Mwra Nonham S Quairading T ~ P Y Wandering Williams York
Region 5212 Esperance Gnowangenrp Katanning Kent Ravensthorpe Tambellup
Region 522 Dalwallinu Kondinin Kulin Lake Grace Morawa Mount Marshall Mulleua Narambccn Nungarin Perenjori Wcs to~a Yigam
Reglon 531 Albany T Boddington Bunbury Capel Collie Denmark Gingin Kalamunda Manjiiup MWY Plantagenet Stirling
Armadale Boyup Brook Busselton Chittering Cranbrook Donnybrook-Balingup Gosndls Kwinana Melville Nannup Rockingham wmuw,
Meat Industry Report Data compendium 55
Table 3 . 5 ~ : Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beef producers q Western Australia
(Avernge per propeny) Bottom 25% Top 25% 5yoaraveray by rnte of return by rateof return
1988-69 to 1992-93 1993-94p in 1993.94~ in 1 9 9 3 4 4 ~ 1994-95s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Cows Replacement heifers Calves Other caule
Beef cattle purchawd Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
Area operated
Branding rate Cows mated per bull Tumon rate Turnoff rate Death rate
no. no.
no. no. no. no. no. "0.
no. "0.
no. %
ha
%
no. %
% 9%
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994-95. p Preliminary s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
-a8elua~~ad e s passa~dxa maw aqi JO loua pmpueis an!iela aql are slax=elq u! samZ!d maf la!alreug aqi Bu!~np sruai! [ei!dc3 JO anlen aqi u! areanap ro asvamu! paiom!isa all1 s! uo!mpa~dde lei!de3 eJ
'ICUO!S!AO'd S 'bU!m!la'd d s6+661 10j a[qcl!enn ION nu .pa!lddns lo^ su .flu0 iqap uo suo!isanb ol Ou!puodsal s2!uadord q .papn[Jxa siolpaaj l o l e ~ E
P'o- eu eu
E09 55 nu BU
BU
96E P - 06L S
80L 01 - 621 IS 009 51 P8P 8 95s LZ
586 201
81SOEI 66E E ISPP 0 IS6 9L8 I IE9 I L6 1 PEO 811
LZ Z8E 1
6'0- 56 6ZL EE8 8E8 $9 EL8 OPO 1 EO8 IS 811 2 E W 8 - 9PP S
LZZ PI - 866 OS 609 SI 966 L P8E PZ
PE8 901
812 IS1 OlSP 99s 5 661 0 EOE Z 6Z9 S 169 IZZPll
62 L9E 1
(Of1 (11 (5) (511 (5) (6Ptl (PI) (0s) (81)
( a ] (Ll (L) (951) (Sf)
(61
(61 (0s) (IZ) (95) (281 (PZI (9s) (ZP) (01)
8'1- 96 919 LZ8 PZZ ZE Z19 1M I EIZ 5 16L 1 99561 - 61ES
€88 SZ - 162 SZ 091 91 LLP 9 - SPO zz
OSE PI I
9LE 9EI PPS Z 289 E Pas SPZ LIO I 265 PZ6 I 881 SZI
e2 13x9 an ia l jo aiea q aunl OE in o!in1 fi!nba
q a u n f o ~ in .(i!nba rum3 q aunr OE in iqap U ~ J IEIOL
aunfoE 1'2 lei!de~ l e i o ~ ( e ~ IJU!) dl!nba I I ~ J lo i g o ~ d
imld uo!ie!sa~dde @1!de3 (CJ 13x2) i(~!nba llnj ie i g o ~ d
pyd isaJatu1
igmd rsau!snq mmd ISOJ lnaqc1 paindm! [eiol
asuadxa uo!ie!~a~daa sq~ois 8u!pen u! dnpl!na
amox! qse3 rumj a~ueuuopad v!~usu!d
sld!aJa~ q b v ~ [eioL s d ! a ~ a ~ qre2 laqio
13BJlU03 UUVJ JJO aJwis!sre sawmanat)
iuauospv
IWM daaqs
sales do12 aliie3jaag
qd!aJag
Table 3 . 5 ~ : Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beef producers a, Western Australia
(Average perproperly - expressed in 1994-95 d,~llorsj Bottom 25% Top 25%
5 year average by rate of return by rateof return 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ in 1W3-94p in 1993.94~ 199495s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle purchased Freight paid on cattle purchased
Handling & marketing expenses Freight paid an cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and cmtching
Administration costs Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Feniliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash costs
Total cash casts
no. no.
$ $
$ $
$ $
$ $
$
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
16
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
3.6 Tasmania
In general, specialist beef producers in Tasmania produce younger cattle mainly for
the domestic market, Korea or Japan. There is also a higher proportion of turnoff in
this state sold as vealers.and weaners.
In Tasmania, the proportion of Herefords has decreased, to be replaced with Angus,
Murray Greys or British crossbred cattle.
In Tasmania, a much lower percentage of properties reported being in drought in
October 1994 than reported being in drought in October 1982.
-~ - - -
Meat Industry Report 59
Data compendium
AAGlS regions in Tasmania For Local Government Areas in each region, see over
Ki g Island 0
Meat Industry Report 60 Data compendium
Tasmania Local Government Areas By Region
Region 6311 Beaconsfield Bumie Circular Head Delomine Devonport Evandale Figal Flinden George Town Kentish King Island Lambe Launceston C Longford Penguin Portland Ringarmma Scottsdale Ulventone Waratah Westbury Wynyard b h a n
Region 6312 Bothwell Bnghton Bruny Campbell Town Clarence Esperance Glamorgan Glenorchy Green Ponds Hamilton Hobart Huon Kingborough L ~ e u New Norfolk Oatlands Port Cygnet Richmond Ross Sore11 Spring Bay Shahan Tasman
Meat ~ndustry Report Data compendium 61
Table 3.6a: Selectedphysical estimates, specialist beef producers a, Tasmania
(Average per property) Bottom 25% Top 7.S%
Syrsraverage by rate of return by rate of return
198S-89 to 1992.93 199M4p in 1993-94p in 1W294p 1994-95s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Cows Replacement heifers Calves Other cattle
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percenl of females in beef herd
Area operated
Branding rate Cows mated per bull Turnan rate Turnoff rate Death rate
"0.
no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
% no. % %
%
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary, s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a perce
Table 3.6b: Selected fann perfonnance estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Tasmania
(Averugeperpropeq - expressed in 1994-95 dollarsj
Bottom 25% Top 25%
5 year average by rate of return by rate of return 1988-89 to 1992.93 1993-9Jp in 1P93-94p in 199S94p 1994.95s
Population Sample Contributing
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wool Agistment Government assistance Off fann contract Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total cash casts
Financial performance Farm cash income Buildup in uading stocks Depreciation expense Total imputed labour cost Farm business profit
Interest paid Profit at full equity (ercl ca) Capital appreciation plant Profit at full equity (incl ca) Total capital at 30 June Total farm debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30 June b Farm equity ratio at 30 June b Rate of return excl ca
no. no.
$
$ $ $
$ $ $ $ $
$
$ $
$ $ $
$ $ $ $
$ $ $ $ %
a Major feedlots excluded, b Properlies responding to questions an debt only. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Rovisianal. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capiml items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage
Table 3 . 6 ~ : Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beefproducers a, Tasmania
(Averageperpropern - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Boliorn 25% Top 25%
5 year average by r s ! ~ or roturn by rate of return 1988-89 to 1992.93 1993-94p in 1993.9411 in 1993.94~ 1994.95s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef caule purchased Freight paid an cattle purchased
Handling & marketing expenses Freight paid on cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agisunent Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and cruching
Administation costs Total contract% paid Crop and pasture chemicals Feniliser expense Fuel, ail and grease Wages paid for hired labolu Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash casts
Total cash costs
no. no.
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Nol available for 1994-95. p Preliminay. s Provisional. Figures in brackers are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as aperce
3.7 Northern Territory
The Northern Territory only contains 1 per cent of specialist beef properties but
carries 10 per cent of beef industry cattle.
Changes in the breed composition of the beef herd in northern Australia have
enabled producers to take advantage of the increasing opportunities for live cattle
exports. The impetus for this change was the Brucellosis and Tuberculosis
Eradication Campaign (BTEC) during the 1980's. Prior to this campaign, the
Northern Territory beef herd was dominated by Brahman cattle. The herd rebuilding
which followed the BTEC campaign led to this breed being largely replaced by
crossbred cattle.
Specialist beef producers in the Northern Territory are estimated to have the lowest
average age of specialist beef producers in any state, at 49 years.
Total off-farm income for the beef industry in 1993-94 was highest in the Northern
Territory, averaging around $53 640. Around 17 per cent of the off-farm income
received by beef producers in the Northern Territory was generated through
off-farm wages and salaries.
Turnoff rates reflect the difference between the intensive nature of beef production
in southern Australia and the more extensive grazing systems in the north, with
lower turnoff rates occurring in the north. The lower turnon rates in northern
Australia, reflect the role as breeders of cattle played by many properties in this
area. However, turnoff rates in the Northern Territory have risen steadily over the
past ten years.
The average cattle death rate for specialist beef producers in Australia over the
years 1988-89 to 1992-93 was highest in the Northern Territory, averaging 6.3 per
cent.
Average equity ratios for specialist beef producers are high compared with other
broadacre industries, with the highest averages being for properties in Western
Australia and South Australia at 96 per cent, and the lowest being for the Northern
Territory at 74 per cent.
Meat Industry Report 65
- -
Data compendium
AAGlS regions in Northern Territory For Local Government Areas in each region, see over
7112 Tennant Creek
Meat Industry Report . --\ Data compendium
Northern Territory Local Government Areas by Region
Region 711
Alice Springs Peterman Tanami
Sandover Balance
Region 712
Tableland Tennant Creek T. Ternant Creek Balance
Region 713
Elesy Balance Katherine T Victoria
Region 714
Bathmt Melville Coomalie Cox-Finnis Daly Darwin Darwin Rural Areas East Arnhem Bal. Groot Eyland Gulf Jabiru Litchfield Nhulunby T Palmerston-East Arm South Alligator West Amhem
Meat Industry Report 67 Data compendium
Table 3.7a: Selected physical estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Northern Tem'tor):
(Averwe perpropem) Bottom 25% Top 25%
Syoaravorage by ratD 01 return by rate of return 1988-89 lo 1992-93 193-9411 in 1993.94~ in 1993-940 199495s
Population Sample Contributing
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Cows Replacement heifers Calves Other cattle
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
Area operated
Branding rate Cows mated per bull Turnon rate Turnoff rate Death rate
no. no.
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
63 13) 14 (41 8 113)
2 8 (5 ) 6.3 (IS)
a Major feedlols excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available far 1994-95. p Preliminq, s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage
.aaniua~~ad e se passadxa ueau aqI jo lol la p~EPms aA!iclal am are slax3clq v! S ~ I I I ~ ! ~ .lea.i [ep!nog aw a u ~ n p smai! le~!des jo anlch aql u! asea~~ap l o aseanu! paiem!isa 3q1 s! uo!ie!3a1dde rei!dnj e3
Ieuo!s!hoJd s .Lreu!u!lald d 'S6*661 ID& alqalpAE ION eu 'pagddns i o ~ su -hpo lqap uo suo!isanb oi 8urpuodsa~ saq,radou q .papnpra siolpaq ~ o l e ~ y e
0'1 eu eu
OPL SO5 eu eu eu
WP 6Z SL9 SE
O'Z PL 181 60L I 8EP P85 556 OWE 1P6 182 16P L LEO 9s 5W 6Z
(ZPI (51 (PI ( I l l (91 (Y) (Ell (SPI (11)
(EPI (PI (91 (621 (EEII
v I % PL P 6Pt 8St 1 $ LIL EZS $ LLZ 806 Z $ P86 6P P 685 9 $ €28 OP $ 0119L P
igord ssau!snq ruled I S 0 3 lnOq81 paindm! [e io l
asuadxa uo!le!xada~ sxms Bu!pen u! dnpl!ng
amow qse~ w e d awemaopad @!mau!a
OSL ST: W9 LE I606L 19ZEZI 9LZ zz -
LEO ZPS L80 LSS
6Z5 6LS 5EP LE 9L8 P OP8 ZI LL9 s E l l 0 69L Z 028 515
8L5 609 P EOE 9P P 805 L $ 619 SZ $ 859 5 $ 6P P 991 $ L6E E $ 8L8 OZS $
sd!a~ai qseJ 1 4 0 ~
sld!am qse~ IaqlO
i3esuo= uuej jjo aueis!sse iuarumahot)
iuamis!Bv
IMM daaqs
sales d o ~ j alIIe3 jaaa
qd!a~aa
SP SOZ
PS SOZ
Table 3.7~: Selected components oftotal cash costs, specialist beef producers a, Northern Tem'tory
(Averageperpropeny - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Botbm 25% Top 25%
5 year average by rate of return by rate of return
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ in 1993-94p in 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population Sample Conuibuting
Beef cattle purchased Freight paid on cattle purchased
Handling & marketing expenses Freight paid on cattle sold
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and crutching
Administration cosu Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Feitiliser expense Fuel, oil and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash costs
Total cash costs
no. no.
$ $
$ $
$ $ $ $ $
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ 16
$
a Major feedlots excluded, ns Not supplied. ns Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are lhe relative standard error of lhe mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.7d: Selectedphysical estimates, specialisf beef producers a, Northern Territory
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls cows Replacemenu heifen Calves Other
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
no. no. "0.
no. no. no. no. no. no. %
Properties wiih 1OOO to 2800 cattle Pmpertier with 2800 to 5500 cattle 5 year average 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Area operated ha 204 776 (8) 241 770 (6) na 303768 (7) 284514 (17) na
Branding rate % 67 (6) 62 (16) na 67 (3) 68 (7) na Cows mated per bull no. 9 (12) 10 (6) na 16 (5 ) 13 (16) na Turnon rate % 9 (26) 14 (59) na 5 (33) 14 (32) na Turnoff rate % 28 (9) 27 (17) na 24 (8) 28 (6) na Death rate % 6 1 (27) 3.7 (18) na 4.2 (8) 2.6 (18) na
a Major feedlots excluded, ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary, s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.7e: Se le~ted~hys ica l estimates, specinlisl beef producers a, Northern Terrilory
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Beef cattle at 30 June Bulls Cows Replacements heifers Calves OUler
Beef cattle purchased Beef cattle sold Beef cattle turned off Percent of females in beef herd
Area operated
Branding rate Cows mated per bull Turnan rate Turnoff rate Death rate
no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. no. %
ha
%
no. %
% 90
Properties with more than 5500 cattle 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993.94~ 1994-95s
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. Figures in brackels are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.7f: Selectedfam performance estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Northern Tem'tory
(Averageperpropem - crpreresd in 1994-95 dollars)
Properties with 1000 to 2800 cattle Properties with 2800 to 5500 cattle 5 year aversge 5 year average
1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p
Population no. Sample ConVibuting no.
Receipts Beef caule Crop sales Sheep Wool Agistmenl Government assistance Off farm contract Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Tolal cash costs
Financial performance Farm cash income Buildup in uading stocks Depreciation Total imputed labour cost Farm business profit
$ $ $ $ $
$ $ $
$ $ no. no. no. %
Interest paid Profit at full equity (excl ca) Capital appreciation plant Profit a1 full equity (incl ca) Total capital at 30 June Total farm debt at 30 June b Farm equity at 30lune b Farm equity ratio at 30 June b Rate of return (excl ca)
a Major feedlots excluded. b Properties responding to questions on debt only ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relalive standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.7g: Selected farm performance estimates, specialist beefproducers a, Northern Ternlory
(Average prrpropeny - expressed in 1994-95 dollars) Properties with more than 5500 cattle
5 year average 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Conuibuting no.
Receipts Beef cattle Crop sales Sheep Wnnl Agistment Government assistance Off farm contract Other cash receipts Total cash receipts
Total czsh cosb
Financial performance Farm cash income $ 64575 189) 27 111 (243) - 19 113 (351) Buildup in trading stocks $ 127 098 (36) 272490 (21) 313 823 (20) Depreciation $ 147728 (10) 122472 110) 134027 (13) Total imputed labour cast $ 38 870 (6) 38 020 (7) 38 504 (11)
Farm business profit $ 5 075 (1130) 139 108 (48) 122 178 (58)
Interest paid $ 127 584 (16) 31 687 ' (39) 27045 (26) Profit at full equity (encl cu) $ 156019 (34) 184 359 (35) 165 568 (42) Capital appreciation plant $ 10320 (16) 10655 (12) " a Profit at full equity (incl ca) $ 201 332 (51) 668 246 (10) na Total capital at 3Olune $ 5 980951 19) 5 648 017 (4) n9
Total farm debt at 30 June b no. 1 067 768 (12) 828 635 (28) 445 020 (26) Farm equity at 30 June b no. 2 254 398 (6) 2 949 197 (16) na Farm equity ratio at 30 June b no. 66 (7) 75 (13) na Rate of return (exci ca) 70 2.6 (31) 3.7 (36) 3.0 (41)
a Major feedlots excluded. b Propenies responding to questions on debt only. ns Not supplied, na Not available for 1994-95 p Preliminar. s Provisional. ca Capital appreciation is the estimated increase or decrease in the value of capital items during the financial year. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of the mean expressed as a percentage.
Table 3.7h: Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beef producers u, Northern Territory
(Averageperpropem - erpresred in 1994-95dollnrs)
Properties wiUl 1000 to 28W cattle Properties Hith 2800 to 55Ml cattle
5 year average 5 year average 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Beef cattle purchased $ 53967 (13) 26946 (11) 60045 (15) 62 208 (26) 120 147 Freight paid on cattle purchased $ 1472 (61) 4483 (17) 26087 (149) 350 (43) 2 580
Handling & marketing expenses $ 8 913 (15) 1 1 827 (6) 13 927 (51) 17 832 (11) 23 999 Freight paid an catlle sold $ 7 4 7 1 (28) 9536 (57) 5439 (63) 8778 (20) 24718
Sheep purchased Agistment Fodder purchased Livestock materials Shearing and crutching
Adminismation cas& Total contracts paid Crop and pasture chemicals Fenihser expense Fuel, ail and grease Wages paid for hired labour Total rent and rates Repairs and maintenance Other cash c o s ~
Total cash casts $ 262 218 (10) 261 377 (6) 358 279 (2) 455 798 (9) 465490
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminq. s Provisional. Figures in brackets are the relative standard error of lhe mean expressed as a percentage.
(4) 13 479 (41) 18949 (44) 1617 (59) 3 904 (IS) 40010 (10) 44014 (7) 4 328
(18) 35780 (18) 130344
Table 3.7i: Selected components of total cash costs, specialist beef producers a, Northern Tem'tory
(Average per proppeny - erprersed in 1994-95 dollars) Properties with more than 5500 CatUe
Syearaverage 1988-89 to 1992-93 1993-94p 1994-95s
Population no. Sample Contributing no.
Beef cattle purchased $ 190744 (IS) 189800 (15) 96089 (6) Freight paid on cattle purchased $ 5 118 (21) 11 890 128) 5 130 (49)
Handling 81 marketing expenses 5 41698 (10) 36571 (11) 31270 (18) Freight paid on cattle sold 5 63771 (21) 37981 (11) 34435 (12)
Sheep purchased $ 155 164) 0 0 Agistment $ 39 289 (27) 9 944 (44) 1245 (83) Fodder purchased $ 58949 (13) 49717 (17) 79183 I171 Livestock materials $ 26 465 (13) 28 658 120) na Shearing and crutching $ 31 (73) 0 0
Administration costs $ 27911 (11) 16185 (11) 17625 (12) Total contracts paid $ 42 145 (14) 44971 (11) 39002 117) Crop and pasture chemicals $ 941 (21) 2 178 136) 2 220 (66) Feniliser expense $ 2555 (31) 2901 (34) 2165 (84) Fuel, oil and grease $ I07030 (10) 98708 16) 101510 (6) Wages paid far hired labour $ 176558 (10) 189545 (51 180072 (71 Total rent and rates $ 18 379 (21) 16 688 (81 15 670 (13) Repairs and maintenance $ 109058 (7) 99 155 (14) 97 425 (22) Other cash costs $ 258620 (7) 149095 114) 184 190 (22)
Total cash casts $ 1 169417 (8) 983 984 (5) 887 232 (71
a Major feedlots excluded. ns Not supplied. na Not available for 1994-95. p Preliminary a Provisional. Figures in brackets are the nlative standard error of lhe mean expressed as a percentage.