the "banlieues" of paris
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The "banlieues" of Paris. Understanding the links between immigration and segregation . Jean-Louis Pan Ké Shon http://jlpks.free.fr [email protected]. The suburbs of Paris. Definitions of a ‘banlieue’ Urbanized zone outside a city centre - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The "banlieues" of ParisUnderstanding the links between immigration and segregation
Jean-Louis Pan Ké Shon
http://jlpks.free.fr [email protected]
The suburbs of Paris
Definitions of a ‘banlieue’ Urbanized zone outside a city centre
Representation of a ‘banlieue’ + working class or disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Population of the Parisian suburbs
Outer City / Inner Suburb 2
1946 1975 2008
Total 6,6 9,9 11,7
Suburbs
3,9 7,6 9,5
City of Paris ("intra muros")
2,7 2,3 2,2
Paris, its ‘banlieues’ and the Paris region
Outer City / Inner Suburb 3
Post-war housing crisis in France
Housing shortage1. 20% of dwellings damaged or destroyed2. Construction backlog of 2 million dwellings3. 3 million sub-standard dwellings
Population increase
Outer City / Inner Suburb 4
1946 1975 2008 Population 40,5 M 52,6 M 63 M Urban
53 % 75 % 95 % Immigration 2 M 3,5 M 5,3 M
Parisian population growth
Outer City / Inner Suburb 5
A doubling of the Parisian population between 1946 and 1975
Causes of population growth1. Positive natural growth 2. Positive net migration from French regions3. Influx of immigrants and Algerian repatriates
Paris ‘banlieue’. New high-rise estate in 1964
Outer City / Inner Suburb 6Outer City / Inner Suburb
Housing estate, Clichy-sous-Bois
Outer City / Inner Suburb 7Outer City / Inner Suburb
Outer City / Inner Suburb
Population distribution Paris region, 1999
8Outer City / Inner Suburb
30 KM
Concentration of foreign households. Paris region, 1999
9Outer City / Inner Suburb
% immigrés Région Paris / total pop. Région Paris
Outer City / Inner Suburb 10
2008
%
Turkish
Italian, Spanish
Other European
Portuguese
Other African
Others
North African
0 1 2 3 4 5
Total proportion of immigrants in Paris region: 17.3 % France: 8.4 %
1982 1990 1999 Algerian
31.7 31.9 33.4 Moroccan
34.9 32.7 33.3 Tunisian
36.8 36.0 33.2 Sub-Saharan African
35.7 33.3 33.0 Turkish
43.1 44.8 47.0 Portuguese
19.7 18.7 19.7
Segregation in the Paris region
Outer City / Inner Suburb
Source : Préteceille, 2009
Dissimilarity index
11
% non-European immigrants
Number of neighbourhoods
Non-European
immigrants
Total population
45-52.4 19 77 698 160 142
52.5-60 4 18 467 32 385
> 60 5 27 727 42 370
Segregation of non-Europeans in the Paris region
Outer City / Inner Suburb
Source : Recensements, Préteceille, 2009
Number of highly segregated neighbourhoods in 1999
12
Residential mobility of persons leaving disadvantaged neighbourhoods 1990-1999
Outer City / Inner Suburb 13
French nationals who moved: 63.1 % African immigrants who moved: 55.5 %
Immigrant segregation
Claims• Increase in segregation • Mono-ethnic segregated
neighbourhoods• Residential immobility
• Mobility, but continued segregation
• Immigrants pose problems because of their segregation
• Tendency towards ghettoization
Observations
Outer City / Inner Suburb
• Decrease in segregation • Segregated neighbourhoods are multi-
ethnic • High residential turnover
• Residential mobility of ethnic minorities is generally upward
• The majority of immigrants live outside segregated neighbourhoods
• No ghettoes, but a few hyper-segregated neighbourhoods
14
The "banlieues" of ParisUnderstanding the links between immigration and segregation
Jean-Louis Pan Ké Shon
http://jlpks.free.fr [email protected]
Évolution des effectifs d’immigrés - France
Outer City / Inner Suburb
16
Immigrés Seine-St-Denis (93) / immigrés région Paris 2008
Outer City / Inner Suburb
Population totale du 93 : 1,5 M Immigrée : 0,4 M
%
17