the basics of home networks capstone technologies group brian sammons
TRANSCRIPT
The Basics ofThe Basics of
HOME NETWORKSHOME NETWORKS
Capstone Technologies GroupCapstone Technologies Group
Brian SammonsBrian Sammons
www.captechgroup.comwww.captechgroup.com
Why a home network?Why a home network?
Share an internet connection Share an internet connection between multiple computers.between multiple computers.
Share files and devices between Share files and devices between computerscomputers
Better security by using a hardware Better security by using a hardware firewall.firewall.
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Choose Your TechnologyChoose Your Technology
802.11a802.11a 802.11b802.11b 802.11g802.11g 802.11n (coming)802.11n (coming)
Wired NetworkWired Network Wireless NetworkWireless Network
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Wired vs. WirelessWired vs. Wireless
Wired NetworkWired Network• SecureSecure• Cheaper equipment Cheaper equipment • More reliableMore reliable• Faster data transferFaster data transfer• Run cable in walls or along baseboardsRun cable in walls or along baseboards• May need a professionalMay need a professional• Good for new constructionGood for new construction
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Wired vs. WirelessWired vs. Wireless
Wireless NetworkWireless Network• Mobility, Mobility, MobilityMobility, Mobility, Mobility• Slower data speeds?Slower data speeds?• More expensive?More expensive?• Inherently insecureInherently insecure
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802.11a vs. 802.11b802.11a vs. 802.11b
802.11a802.11a• Uses the less crowded 5Ghz spectrumUses the less crowded 5Ghz spectrum• Accommodates more usersAccommodates more users• Data speeds up to 54MbpsData speeds up to 54Mbps• High absorption rate (easily blocked by High absorption rate (easily blocked by
walls and objects)walls and objects)• Operating range 150ft Operating range 150ft • Not compatible with 802.11b protocolNot compatible with 802.11b protocol• Components are expensive Components are expensive
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802.11a vs. 802.11b802.11a vs. 802.11b
802.11b802.11b• Uses the overcrowded 2.4 GHz spectrum Uses the overcrowded 2.4 GHz spectrum • Data speeds up to 11 Mbps (biggest Data speeds up to 11 Mbps (biggest
disadvantage)disadvantage)• 300ft operating range300ft operating range• Low absorption rate (travels through Low absorption rate (travels through
walls and objects)walls and objects)
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802.11g802.11g
802.11g802.11g• Compatible with both 802.11a and Compatible with both 802.11a and
802.11b networks802.11b networks• Uses the overcrowded 2.4 GHz Uses the overcrowded 2.4 GHz
spectrum.spectrum.• Data speeds up to 54 MbpsData speeds up to 54 Mbps• 300ft operating range300ft operating range• Low absorption rate (travels through Low absorption rate (travels through
walls and objects)walls and objects)
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802.11n802.11n Approximately 1 year away (2005-6)Approximately 1 year away (2005-6) Frequency most likely the 5GHz range, Frequency most likely the 5GHz range,
meaning possible compatibility with meaning possible compatibility with 802.11a 802.11a
Throughput to match highest possible data Throughput to match highest possible data rates- (raise the effective throughput of rates- (raise the effective throughput of WLANs to at least 100M bps)WLANs to at least 100M bps)
Defining standardized modifications to the Defining standardized modifications to the 802.11 physical layers and MAC layers, 802.11 physical layers and MAC layers, which will improve not just data rates but which will improve not just data rates but also actual data throughput also actual data throughput
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Network Set up DemoNetwork Set up Demo
LinksysLinksys BelkinBelkin DLinkDLink MicrosoftMicrosoft
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Securing my wireless networkSecuring my wireless network
Change the defaults!Change the defaults! Enable WEPEnable WEP MAC Address filteringMAC Address filtering Disable DHCPDisable DHCP Change the IP SubnetChange the IP Subnet
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Change the defaults!Change the defaults!
Change the default SSIDChange the default SSID• ((SService ervice SSet et IDIDentifier)entifier)
Disable SSID BroadcastDisable SSID Broadcast Change the default username and passwordChange the default username and password
Default password lists commonly available, Default password lists commonly available, just Google “default password list”just Google “default password list”
http://http://www.phenoelit.de/dpl/dpl.htmlwww.phenoelit.de/dpl/dpl.html
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Enable WEPEnable WEP
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a protocol used for encrypting packets on a protocol used for encrypting packets on a wireless network. It uses a 64-bit (or 256-wireless network. It uses a 64-bit (or 256-bit, depending on the vendor) shared key bit, depending on the vendor) shared key algorithm. Using WEP will increase the algorithm. Using WEP will increase the protection on your data, but doing so will protection on your data, but doing so will reduce the effective data rates. reduce the effective data rates.
Truly secure? Nope!Truly secure? Nope!
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MAC Address FilteringMAC Address Filtering
Only MAC addresses that have been registered with the wireless access point are able to gain access to your network.
You can usually locate the MAC address of your network card on the device itself.
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Disable DHCPDisable DHCP
Use static IP addresses if the number of Use static IP addresses if the number of users on the network is small. Turning off users on the network is small. Turning off DHCP will prevent wireless sniffers from DHCP will prevent wireless sniffers from seeing the IP addresses being used. seeing the IP addresses being used.
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Change the IP SubnetChange the IP Subnet
Most wireless routers use the default Most wireless routers use the default 192.168.1.0 or 192.168.0.1 network. It is 192.168.1.0 or 192.168.0.1 network. It is easy for people to guess the IP addresses easy for people to guess the IP addresses used and illegally gain access to the used and illegally gain access to the network. network.
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OK, I’ve done all that…OK, I’ve done all that…
What’s next?What’s next? How secure am I now?How secure am I now?
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Wardriving / WarchalkingWardriving / Warchalking
http://www.bitshift.org/wardriving.shthttp://www.bitshift.org/wardriving.shtmlml
What’s needed?What’s needed? Who’s doing it?Who’s doing it? Am I at risk?Am I at risk?
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Hotspots in the areaHotspots in the area
Lots of unsecured homes/businessesLots of unsecured homes/businesses www.wifimaps.comwww.wifimaps.com www.wardriving.comwww.wardriving.com
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ConclusionConclusion
Thank you for your time!Thank you for your time!
Capstone Technologies GroupCapstone Technologies Group
Brian SammonsBrian Sammons