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  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

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    THE

    AMERICAN

    NUMISMATIC

    SOCIETY

    MUSEUM

    NOTES

    V

    THE

    AMERICAN NUMISMATIC

    SOCIETY

    BROADWAY AT

    56TH

    STREET

    NEW YORK

    952

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  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

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  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

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    THE BEGINNING OF THE ATHENIAN NEW

    STYLE

    COINAGE

    (See

    Plates

    VIII-X)

    In

    1935

    a

    hoard

    of

    silver

    coins was found

    by

    a

    peasant

    at

    or

    near the Greek

    village

    of Anthedon on the Boeotian coast.

    It

    was

    soon

    dispersed

    and no

    published

    record exists. There

    is,

    however,

    sufficient vidence available

    concerning

    the constitu-

    tion of

    the

    hoard to show that it is of crucial

    importance

    for

    the

    chronology

    of the Athenian

    New

    Style

    series

    and,

    there-

    fore,

    an

    attempt

    at reconstruction is

    definitely

    worthwhile

    even though seventeen years have intervened.

    The material at the

    disposal

    of

    the writer consists of a

    number

    of

    casts assembled

    by

    M. L.

    Kambanis

    as well as coins

    acquired

    by

    Edward T. Newell

    and now in the collections of

    Mrs. Newell1

    and the American Numismatic

    Society.

    In

    addi-

    tion

    there

    are notations

    forwarded

    to the

    Society by

    individ-

    uals who saw

    portions

    of the

    hoard

    shortly

    after

    it

    appeared

    on the

    market.

    Although uncertainty

    exists

    in

    many

    cases

    as to

    the exact

    number of

    pieces

    of

    a

    given

    type,

    it seems evident

    that the

    original

    find was

    composed exclusively2

    of

    Euboean and

    Athenian

    issues as follows

    1

    am

    deeply

    ndebted

    o Mrs. dward

    .

    Newell

    ho as

    generously

    ade

    er

    m-

    portant

    uboean

    nd

    Athenian aterialvailablendwho

    as

    been

    most

    elpful

    n

    supplying

    nformation

    egarding

    he

    oard.

    2

    At

    the

    ime

    hehoard as

    discovered,

    ne

    orrespondent

    broad rote

    hat

    t

    was

    said o

    have ncludedetradrachms

    fDemetrius

    oliorcetes,

    ut heserementioned

    in

    no

    other

    eport.

    listing

    rom

    avel

    temizing

    heAthenianndEuboeanssues

    addedhat hewriterad een old here ere theroins 1didrachmnd drachmof

    aros,

    didrachmfNaxosnd didrachmf

    Carystosas

    BMC,

    l.

    XIX,

    2)

    but

    that e

    was ertain

    hey

    ere

    ot

    art

    f he ind.

    25

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  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

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    26 A. N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

    CHALCIS

    1

    etradrachms

    1. Female

    ust

    .,

    veiled nd

    wearingtephane.

    etter

    A

    in

    the

    upper

    olds

    f

    the

    veil.3 order f

    dots.

    Rev.

    XAAKI/AEÍÍN

    above nd

    below

    Hera

    ?)

    in

    quadriga

    .

    OSE

    in

    upper

    ields. ll

    n oak

    wreath.

    (4

    or

    more

    pecimens:

    in

    collectionfMrs. . T. Newell x

    ETN

    -

    I7-°98r- - Plate VIII, 1)

    Octobol

    2.

    Female

    ead,

    ,

    hair

    olled

    nd n

    ong

    ocks

    n

    neck.

    order fdots.

    Rev.

    XAAKI

    Eagle

    nd

    erpent

    .

    n

    front,

    ENEAH.

    (1

    specimen)

    ERETRIA

    7

    etradrachms

    I.

    Bust

    f

    Artemis

    .,

    ow

    nd

    quiver

    t shoulder.etters A

    on

    thehair-band«

    Borderfdots.

    Rev. PETPIEQN

    above

    filletedull

    tanding

    .

    ATNfîN

    below.

    All n

    laurelwreath.

    (1

    specimen:

    ambanis

    ast,4

    late

    VIII,

    2)

    3

    One

    f

    he our rmore

    halcisetradrachms

    Plate

    VIII,

    1)

    has

    heA onthe

    eil;

    another

    sdescribeds

    having

    o etterut

    veil

    decoratedith rossines. here

    s

    norecord

    s

    tothe

    theroins.

    4

    At

    this

    oint

    everalncertain

    spects

    f he

    oard

    hould ementioned.

    rom he

    correspondence

    n

    file t theAmericanumismatic

    ociety,

    eknow hat

    ambanis

    was tone ime

    ssembling

    asts

    f heAnthedonoins ithhe ntention

    f

    ublishing

    the oard.

    mong

    isAthenian

    ew

    tyleasts,

    ow

    n

    he

    ossession

    f he

    ociety,thererereplicasf wo retriaetradrachmsndoneEretriactobolPlateVIII,

    2,

    4,

    6).

    All hreere nlabelled.

    nasmuch

    s

    there ere

    o ther

    xtraneous

    asts ith

    the

    New

    tyle

    material

    except

    or

    wo

    Athenian

    ecadrachms)

    nd

    n

    view

    f

    he

    on-

    ditionnd

    ypes

    f he hree

    asts hichre

    dentical

    ith

    nownnthedon

    ieces,

    t s

    highly

    robable

    hat

    hey epresent

    oins romhe oard.

    With

    egard

    o wo f he NS x

    ETN

    oins

    Plate

    X,

    10

    nd

    late

    X,

    14),

    here

    is a

    similarituation.

    oth

    ieces

    were

    urchased

    arly

    n

    1936

    rom

    dealer

    ho

    handled

    art

    f heAnthedonoard.

    oth, owever,

    re abelleds

    having

    ome

    rom

    the

    Demotikaoard.

    hese re he

    nly

    oins

    rom

    heNewell

    ollectiondentified

    with

    his

    oard,

    owhichcan ind

    o

    referencelsewhere.

    he

    ypes

    nd ondition

    f

    the wo

    pecimens

    orrespond

    xactly

    ith

    ieces

    nown

    o

    have een

    oundt

    Anthe-

    don.

    urthermore,

    here

    as,

    n the

    beginning

    t

    least,

    ome

    ncertainty

    s

    to the

    provenancef heAnthedonind. ne arlyeportocatedt nEuboea,nd ne f he

    first

    ew

    tyle

    ssues romhe

    Newell

    ollection

    Plate

    X,

    8)

    sticketed

    1935

    oard

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  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

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    BEGINNING OF NEW STYLE COINAGE

    27

    2.

    Similar

    utwith

    he

    arring

    f

    Artemis

    ut

    n

    the

    formf

    monogram,

    ,

    andno

    ettersn

    the

    hair-band.

    A

    NI

    AS

    below he

    bull.

    (3

    or

    more

    pecimens

    Mrs.

    .T.

    Newell x

    ETN

    16.91 r.

    /

    -

    Plate

    VIII,

    3;

    Kambanis

    ast,

    late

    VIII,

    4;

    ANS ex

    ETN

    -

    16.81

    r.

    -

    Plate

    VIII,

    5)

    3.

    Similar

    utno

    etters

    r

    monogram

    n

    the obverse.

    Ol

    AITTrTOZ elow

    the

    bull.

    (1 specimen)

    4.

    SimilaroNo.

    3

    butXAPIAAMOS below hebull.

    (1

    specimen)

    Octobols

    5.

    Head ofArtemis

    .,

    bow

    nd

    quiver

    t shoulder.

    Rev.

    PETPI

    above ecumbent

    ull

    r.

    ATNÍ2N

    below.

    (1

    specimen:

    ambanis

    ast,

    late

    VIII,

    6)

    6.

    Similar

    ut

    EPETPI EÍ2N above

    he

    bull

    nd

    OANIAZ

    below.

    (2

    or

    more

    pecimens)

    7.

    Similar

    o

    No.

    6 but

    Ol

    AITTTTOZ

    elow

    hebull.

    (1specimen: rs. . T. Newell xETN- 5.75 r./ - Plate VIII, 7)

    ATHENS

    Tetradrackms

    1.

    Head

    of

    Athena arthenos

    .

    in

    crested ttic

    helmet.

    iga

    on

    neckguard.

    Rev.A

    O

    E

    Owl

    tanding

    n

    mphora,

    t

    o 1. nd

    A

    or

    A

    to r.All

    n

    aurel

    wreath.

    (2

    specimens:

    NS

    ex ETN

    -

    17.oogr.

    -

    Plate

    IX,

    8;

    Kambanis

    cast,

    Plate

    IX,

    9)

    2. Similar

    ut

    without

    iga

    n

    helmet. order

    f

    dots.

    Rev.A andE to1.,M to r.of wl.Kerchnosymbolnupper ightieldnd

    pÓCKXOÇ

    elow

    mphora.5

    from

    om.

    As

    o hat

    articular

    oin

    here

    an

    enodoubt f

    he

    rigin.

    cast

    f he

    same

    iece

    s

    n

    heKambanis

    ollection,

    learly

    arkedAnthedon.

    Considering

    llthe

    ircumstances,

    have

    ittle esitation

    n

    ncluding

    he

    woANS

    ex ETN coins nd he hree

    ambanisasts

    n theAnthedon

    oard,

    ut t

    must

    e

    placed

    nrecordhat heres

    no bsolute

    ertainty.

    6Two

    pecimens

    f

    his erchnos

    ssue ame

    rom nthedon.

    n

    two

    eparate

    ccounts

    of

    he

    oard,

    hey

    re escribed

    erely

    s

    having

    onograms

    nd

    kerchnos

    ymbol

    n

    the everses.ince

    he ne

    iece

    as

    isappeared,

    heres

    no

    way

    f

    nowing

    hether

    t

    duplicates

    he

    ype

    f heANS

    ex ETN coin

    r

    whether

    t

    belongs

    oan earlier

    r

    latertagef he trikingSeePlates X andX,A-D and10for he ariationsf he

    kerchnosssue nd

    age

    7

    for discussion

    f

    heir

    cqucnce).

    3

    Numismatic

    otes

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  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

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    28

    A.

    N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

    (2

    specimens:

    incollectionf

    ANS

    ex ETN

    -

    17.05

    r.

    t

    -

    Plate

    IX,

    TO)

    3.

    Similar

    o

    No. 2.

    Rev.

    to

    1.,

    OA

    NI to r.of wl.No

    symbol.

    (5

    specimens:

    in

    collection

    fMrs.

    . T. Newell

    x ETN

    -

    16.80

    r.

    t

    -

    Plate

    X,

    1

    1 2

    among

    ambanis

    asts,

    late

    X,

    12-1

    )

    4.

    SimilaroNo.

    2

    but

    with

    iga

    n

    helmet

    s in

    No.

    1.

    Rev.Œto1.,N tor.of wl.Nosymbol.

    (1

    specimen:

    NS ex ETN

    -

    17.09

    r.

    f

    -

    Plate

    X,

    14)

    The most

    significant

    aspect

    of

    the New

    Style pieces

    fromthe

    Anthedon Hoard is that

    only

    four issues are

    represented

    and

    those the first four of the entire

    coinage.

    The order of the list-

    ing

    above follows that

    proposed by

    A. R.

    Bellinger

    {Hesperia,

    Suppl.

    VIII,

    1949, pp.

    8

    and

    12

    f.).

    To his

    convincing arguments

    for this

    arrangement,

    some further

    evidence

    can be

    added.

    No. i of the Athenian series is clearly the earliest issue.

    Three

    obverse

    dies are

    known

    (Plate

    IX,

    8-9

    and Lederer

    collection as

    published

    in the Bulletin de

    correspondance

    hellénique,

    LXII,

    1938,

    Pl.

    XVIII,

    6).

    All show

    the

    same

    youthful

    goddess

    head

    without

    a circle of dots and on all the

    die

    engraver

    with

    charming

    phantasy

    has

    cut a

    tiny

    biga

    on

    the

    flap

    of Athena's

    helmet.

    The kerchnos

    issue,

    No.

    2,

    may

    cover two

    years

    but this

    seems unlikely. Its firstobverse die (Athens, Plate IX, A) is

    closely

    related in

    style

    to

    the

    preceding

    issue. The

    biga

    on

    the

    helmet has

    been

    abandoned

    but dots

    have not

    yet

    been

    placed

    around the

    Athena head.

    On the

    reverse

    of this initial

    die the

    monograms

    PP

    6

    and M

    appear

    in the left and

    right

    fields,

    supplemented

    by

    a kerchnos at

    the

    upper

    right

    and

    a

    p¿o

  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

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    BEGINNING OF NEW STYLE COINAGE

    29

    (ANS

    ex

    ETN from

    Anthedon,

    Plate

    IX,

    10)

    which

    has a

    circle

    of

    dots on the obverse

    and two

    monograms,

    A and

    E,

    in the

    left

    field,

    replacing

    the P? of

    the earlier

    die. In other

    respects

    the reverse

    is

    unchanged.

    The same

    obverse

    die is

    coupled

    with

    a reverse on which

    A

    alone

    appears

    in the left

    field

    (Schlessinger

    Sale

    13,

    1935,

    No.

    901

    ;

    Plate

    IX,

    B).

    Two

    other obverse dies with the A-M combination on the reverses

    are known

    (London,

    Plate

    IX,

    C; Giesecke,

    Plate

    X,

    D).

    The

    relative

    order of

    the

    three

    types

    within

    the

    kerchnos

    issue is

    fixed

    not

    only by

    the

    style

    of

    the obverse

    heads

    which

    indicates

    that the AN

    S

    three-monogram

    coin

    belongs

    directly

    after the

    early

    die without

    dots,

    but also

    by

    the fact

    that the

    obverse

    die

    of the

    Schlessinger

    specimen

    is in a later

    stage

    than that

    of

    the

    ANS

    piece.

    The

    flaw on the cheek

    is more

    pronounced

    and the

    imperfection just

    in front of

    the

    mouth

    is not visible

    on

    the

    three-monogram

    coin.

    One

    might

    assume

    that at the

    beginning

    of the

    year

    the

    convention

    of an

    Athena

    head

    without

    dots

    was

    retained

    from

    the first ssue

    by

    magis-

    trates

    and M. Sometime

    later

    PP died

    or withdrew

    from

    office. Two

    men were

    then called

    in to

    take

    his

    place,

    and

    it

    was on

    their

    initiative

    that the border

    of dots was

    added to

    the

    obverse.

    Shortly

    thereafter,

    the

    issue

    was resumed

    in

    normal

    fashion,

    with

    E

    dropping

    out

    and A

    continuing

    to

    serve as mint magistrate.

    In

    style

    the

    obverses

    of

    the

    OANI

    issue

    are close

    to the

    last

    dies of the kerchnos

    group

    (compare

    Nos.

    C

    and D with

    E and

    1 1

    on

    Plates IX and

    X).

    Of

    greater import

    is

    the

    circumstance

    that on

    one

    reverse

    die,

    the

    only

    one with

    OANI

    in

    monogram

    form

    (London,

    Plate

    X,

    E),

    there is

    a

    pótaos

    beneath

    the

    amphora

    -

    surely

    a

    carry-over

    from

    the kerchnos

    issue.

    No.

    4

    must

    follow the

  • 8/20/2019 The beginning of the Athenian New Style coinage / [Margaret Thompson]

    8/17

    30

    A. N.

    S.

    MUSEUM NOTES

    the

    beginning

    of the New

    Style

    coinage.

    The first issue is

    without

    one,

    then

    comes the kerchnos and

    ßc5cKX°S>

    ext the

    ANI

    ssue without

    symbol,

    and

    succeeding

    it,

    a

    striking

    with either

    no

    symbol

    or a

    cornucopiae. Subsequently

    the use

    of

    the

    symbol

    is

    invariable

    for the

    monogram

    series. This

    in

    itself

    suggests

    that

    No.

    4

    is

    correctly placed,

    but there is

    another reason for bringing it close to the beginning of the

    coinage.

    On one

    die,

    of which the

    ANS

    coin from Anthedon

    is an

    example

    (Plate

    X,

    14),

    there is a recurrence of

    the small

    biga

    on

    the

    neckguard

    of

    the

    helmet,

    the

    distinctive

    marking

    of

    the first

    ssue.

    The condition

    of the

    Athenian coins like that of the

    Euboean

    issues is

    uniformly

    excellent.

    A numismatist in

    Greece at the

    time the hoard was

    discovered

    described all

    of the

    pieces

    as

    being

    FDC. One does note a

    slight

    variation

    in wear

    as

    be-

    tween

    the

    firstNew

    Style

    issue where the

    plumage

    of the

    owl,

    for

    example,

    is

    somewhat rubbed and

    the later

    tetradrachms

    where it is

    strikingly

    sharp,

    but

    on the whole the

    coins and

    casts which the

    writer has

    seen are

    in

    a

    very

    fine

    state

    of

    preservation.

    There can be

    little doubt that the Athenian

    and

    Euboean

    issues

    were

    contemporary

    and that the

    hoard was

    laid

    away

    four or

    five

    years

    after

    the

    beginning

    of the

    New

    Style coinage.

    While the Athenian tetradrachms fer se provide no evidence

    for

    dating

    the

    find,

    their

    association

    with

    the

    rare Euboean

    money

    is of

    paramount

    interest.

    It

    is almost

    universally

    agreed

    that the latter

    coinage

    was initiated after the

    proclama-

    tion of the

    freedom of

    the

    Greek

    cities

    by

    Flamininus in

    196

    b.c.7

    For the

    first time in

    more then a

    century

    Euboea was

    7

    Edward .

    Newell

    n

    publishing

    hoard f

    Euboean

    ronze

    Numismatic

    otes

    Monographs

    8,

    pp.

    1-23)

    avors

    slightly

    ater

    ating

    or

    he

    eginning

    f he

    ilver

    issues,

    .

    90

    b.c.

    Although

    edoes

    ot

    eal

    with he

    roblem

    t

    ength,

    ewell

    uggeststhathe hangenEuboeanoinagefterhe roclamationfFlamininussfor time

    reflected

    nly

    n

    the

    ronze

    ssues

    nd

    hat he

    ilver enominations

    ppeared

    ome

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    BEGINNING OF NEW STYLE COINAGE

    31

    completely

    free of

    Macedonian

    domination and in a

    position

    to strike

    the

    large

    silver denominations so often

    symbolic

    of

    newly-acquired autonomy.

    Since

    so few

    tetradrachm

    types

    are known for Chalcis and Eretria

    -

    two for the

    former

    and

    eight

    for the latter

    -

    the

    presumption

    is

    that

    the

    coinage

    of

    these issues

    at

    both mints was

    a

    limited

    one.

    Furthermore,

    it

    would seem to have been of short duration if one considers

    that

    1)

    The coins are of

    homogeneous

    style

    2)

    Four of the

    Eretria

    issues in

    comparable

    condition

    were

    found

    together

    at

    Anthedon

    3)

    The same die cutter worked at Eretria on dies

    of

    three different

    magistrates

    4)

    Four

    of the

    monetary

    officials

    of Eretria can be

    identified

    with

    prominent

    citizens

    of

    that

    community

    mentioned

    in

    inscriptions

    of the

    early

    second

    century

    b.c.8

    While it cannot

    be

    maintained with

    any

    cer-

    tainty

    that the

    brief Eretrian tetradrachm series was struck

    years

    ater,

    robably

    oinciding

    ith

    he evival

    f

    utonomousilver

    n

    Asia

    Minor

    afterhe attle

    f

    Magnesia.

    he

    rux f he

    rgument

    nvolves

    he ssociation

    f he

    second

    entury

    ilver

    f

    retria

    ithhe ronzef

    APETONIKOS,

    the atest

    retrian

    issue

    f he uboeaHoard

    op.

    it.,

    l.

    ,

    177).

    While

    he ontentsf

    he oard om-

    pared

    ith

    n

    arlierne

    ublished

    y

    N.

    Pappadakis

    Arch.

    eltion,

    91 ,

    pp.

    145-147)

    and he

    vidence

    f

    omparative

    earmake

    t

    certain

    hat ewell's

    rrangement

    f he

    several

    ronzessues

    s

    beyondispute,

    here

    eems

    o

    cogent

    eason

    hy

    ne ssue

    cannot

    elong

    othe

    eriod

    mmediately

    fter

    96

    .c.

    ratherhan

    othe ast

    years

    f

    the

    Macedonian

    ccupation,

    n

    alternate

    ating

    hich

    ewell

    imselfdvancess

    a

    possibility.

    hebronzessue

    n

    uestion

    with

    ANTI IP OS

    below recumbent

    bull n he bversendEPETPI orEPETPIEÎÏN above vine-branchithrapeson he everse is

    closely

    onnectedn

    tyle,

    nscription,

    nd

    ypes

    ithheilveroin-

    age.

    On he ctobolsf retriaheres a recumbentull

    ery

    ike hat f

    hebronze

    money;

    n he etrobolsne indshe ine-branch

    ith

    rapes

    elowhe thnic

    PETPI

    or

    EPETPIEÍ1N.

    It

    would eem hat

    he

    ilver enominations

    ould e ssociated

    with

    he

    MANTIAfíPOE

    ronzes

    plausibly

    s

    with

    he ater

    PISTONIKOS

    ssue.

    I

    shouldike tthis imeo

    xpress y

    ratitude

    oDr.

    William

    .

    Wallace

    ho as

    workedver oth he

    Anthedon

    nd he uboean ronzeoards ithme.His

    ntimate

    knowledge

    f he uboean

    oinage

    as

    been f he

    reatest

    ssistance.

    8

    Points and are iscussed

    y

    Wallace

    Some

    retrian

    int

    agistrates ,

    hoenix,

    IV,

    1950,

    p.21-26).

    he

    A

    monogram

    hichormshe

    arring

    f

    Artemis

    ntetra-

    drachms

    f

    haniass

    to

    be ssociatedith he etters A cut n

    he

    air-band

    f

    he

    goddess

    n

    tetradrachmsfHagnonndDamasias. sto themagistrates,hanias,Hagnon,mphinikosndCharidamosrenamesfprominentretrianitizensf he

    second

    entury

    .c.

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    32

    A. N. S. MUSEUM NOTES

    annually,

    still it

    cannot be

    ignored

    that in the

    Anthedon

    Hoard

    exactly

    four Eretria issues were

    found in

    conjunction

    with the

    firstfour annual issues of the

    Athenian

    New

    Style.

    If the

    attribution of the

    Euboean

    money

    to the

    period

    immediately

    after

    196

    b.c.

    is

    historically plausible,

    the

    same

    can be said

    for the

    beginning

    of the

    Athenian

    New

    Style

    series. While Athens had been freed from the more galling

    aspects

    of

    Macedonian

    control,

    notably enemy garrisons,

    at

    an

    earlier

    period,

    conditions remained far

    from

    settled,

    politically

    or

    economically, during

    the

    last

    decades of the

    third

    century.

    There was

    always

    the

    threat of

    Macedonian

    intervention if not

    of

    outright

    war.

    It

    was

    only

    after

    Cynos-

    cephalae

    had

    broken

    Philip's

    hold on

    Greece

    that

    Athens,

    the

    friend

    and

    supporter

    of

    Rome,

    could

    have

    experienced

    any

    real

    feeling

    of

    security. Undoubtedly

    the

    circumstances

    were

    then favorable for a

    reorganization

    and

    expansion

    ofAthenian

    currency.

    It

    remains to

    be seen

    whether a

    burial

    date can

    be

    sug-

    gested

    for the

    Anthedon

    Hoard.

    Although

    one

    hesitates to

    put

    too

    much

    weight

    on

    political

    or

    military

    factors

    involved in

    the

    laying

    away

    of

    coins,

    it is

    nevertheless

    tempting

    to

    associate

    this

    burial

    either with

    the

    occupation

    of

    Euboea

    by

    Antiochus III

    late in

    192

    b.c. or

    with his

    evacuation

    of

    the

    island some months afterwards in the face of the advancing

    Romans.

    Anthedon,

    only

    a

    short

    distance from

    Seleucid

    headquarters

    at

    Chalcis,

    would

    have been

    uncomfortably

    close

    to the

    manoeuvring

    armies if

    not in the

    direct line

    of

    march.

    The

    date in

    question

    -

    allowing

    for the

    circulation

    of

    four

    or

    five issues

    of

    coinage

    -

    would

    accord

    perfectly

    with

    an

    introduction of

    the

    New

    Style

    and the

    Euboean

    series

    about

    196

    b.c.9

    Margaret Thompson

    9

    The

    196

    b.c.

    dating

    s in

    conformity

    ith

    he

    ejection

    n

    recent

    ublications

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    BEGINNING OF NEW STYLE COINAGE

    33

    of

    the

    traditional

    29

    b.c.

    date for he

    nception

    f

    the

    New

    Style

    eries.

    t

    was Kambanis'

    elief

    hat hese

    oins

    were

    not

    struck efore

    he

    beginning

    f

    the

    second

    entury

    .c.

    (

    BCH

    LVIII,

    1934,

    . 137),

    nd

    Bellinger

    op.

    cit.,

    pp.

    6-30)

    suggests

    hat

    theymay

    have

    tarted s late as

    180

    b.c.

    A

    further

    indicationhat second

    entury

    ate

    s

    corrector he nitiation

    f

    he

    New

    Style

    s

    to

    be

    foundn

    two

    mportant

    rticles

    y

    L. Robertn which e identifies

    he

    stephanepboros

    nd

    taurophoros

    oney

    f

    theDelian

    nscriptions

    ith

    he

    pread

    flan

    ypes

    f

    Athensnd

    Eretria

    Études

    e

    numismatiquerecque,95

    ,

    pp.105-135

    and

    pp.

    43-178).

    Robert

    oints

    ut that the

    phoros

    esignations

    pplied

    o

    these ndothermore r ess ontemporaryoinagesrenot, pto he resentime,

    known

    efore

    he

    eginning

    f he econd

    entury

    .c.

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    VIII

    BEGINNING OF NEW STYLE

    COINAGE

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    IX

    BEGINNING

    OF NEW

    STYLE

    COINAGE

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    X

    BEGINNING OF

    NEW STYLE COINAGE