the beginnings of islam
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The Beginnings of Islam. 6 th Grade Social Studies. Lesson Overviews. The religion of Islam , based on the teachings of Muhammad , spread across the Arabian peninsula and far beyond to become a major world religion. The Big Picture. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
THE BEGINNINGS OF
ISLAM6th Grade Social Studies
LESSON OVERVIEWSThe religion of Islam, based on the
teachings of Muhammad, spread across the Arabian peninsula and far beyond to become a major world religion.
THE BIG PICTURE Christianity had
grown around the Roman Empire and spread into North Africa and Mesopotamia.
Judaism, which had also grown in the eastern Mediterranean, reached as far as the oasis towns of western Arabia.
THE BIG PICTURE In the same region of
Arabia, a new religion called Islam was born. Islam means “submit to
the will of God” in Arabic, the Arab language.
Followers of Islam are called Muslims- which translates “ones who submit to God.”
The stories and teachings of Islam have been written down in the Quran, the most important book of Islam.
THE BIRTH OF MUHAMMAD According to Muslim tradition, a boy
named Muhhamad was born in the oasis city of Mecca about A.D. 570.Raised by and uncle who was a trader In time Muhammad mastered the skill of
leading caravans
THE BIRTH OF MUHAMMAD
Muhammad’s skills caught the eye of a wealthy widow and merchant, Khadija.On her behalf,
Muhammad traveled to the Fertile Crescent to trade goods
When he returned from his journey, they married
THE CITY OF MECCA
His marriage to Khadija is said to have given him wealth and respect in busy Mecca, where they lived.
Mecca lays on the main trading route through western Arabia.
Attracted other visitors because of the Kaaba, Mecca’s temple.Honored the gods and goddesses
worshipped by the people of Mecca
TEACHINGS OF ISLAM Muhammad often went to a mountain
cave near Mecca to pray.When he was 40, “something” happened
that would change the history of Arabia Muslims believe that Muhammad
received a message from Allah.Allah is the Arabic word for GodOver many years, Allah is said to have
given other messages to Muhammad
THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD Muhammad set out to teach people in
Mecca about Allah.Over the next three years, his group of
followers slowly grew He criticized the Meccans’ way of life
and their belief in MANY gods.His disagreement w/ city leaders is said to
have caused him and his followers to leave Mecca in 622
MUHAMMAD’S MIGRATION Moved over 200 miles from Mecca to
another oasis town, Medina.Muhammad’s hijra- Arabic for “migration” –
marked a major turning point in Islamic history
The year of the hijra, 622, marks the starting point of the Islamic calendar
A prophet’s mosque in Medina.
RETURN TO MECCA In 624 Muhammad led attacks on
Meccan caravans, cutting off Mecca’s source of riches.
Later, w/ peace agreements, he is said to have won Mecca’s surrender.
After his victory in 630, Muhammad destroyed the statues of the gods and goddesses in the Kaaba and proclaimed Mecca a Muslim city. It is holy to Muslims to this day
THE SACRED BOOK OF ISLAM In Islamic belief the Quran contains
Allah’s teachings to Muhammad.The most important teaching was that there
was only one God in the universe- AllahServes as a guide for Muslims, as the Bible
does for Jews and Christians.Through its words, Muslims learn about
Allah’s teachings
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM Daily confessio
n of faith (shahada)
Daily ritual prayer (salat)
Paying the alms tax (zakat)
Fasting during the month of Ramadan (sawm)
Pilgrimmage to Mecca (hajj)
MUSLIMS AROUND THE WORLD During the 100 years after the death of
Muhammad, the Islamic community grew steadily.AD 750, followers of Islam could be found
from Spain all the way to the Indus Valley (India).
Arabic became the common language in many Islamic lands.
MUSLIMS AROUND THE WORLD
ISLAM TODAY Around 5 million Muslims live in the
United States today. Muslim customs often vary from one
country to another.Nearly all Muslims honor the end of
Ramadan with a joyful feast.People wear new clothes to celebrate the
beginning of the month following the long fast.
ISLAM TODAY Millions of Muslims from around the
world still make the pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca every year.Muslims everywhere view the pilgrimage as
one of the most important events in their lives.
At home Muslim women take time to teach their children about the Quran.Muslim families have celebrations when
sons or daughters memorize large parts of the Quran.
WHY IT MATTERS? The modern city of Mecca, in Saudi
Arabia, is the center of a world-wide Muslim community.
For almost 1,400 years Islam has been anchored in both the life of Muhammad and the teachings of the Quran.The religion of Islam has shaped
civilizations and human achievements.
MAIN IDEAS According to Muslim belief, Muhammad,
the founder of Islam, lived from AD 570 to 632. Muhammad preached that there was only one God- Allah.
Muhammad journeyed from Mecca to Medina to 622. This event is called the hijra. Muhammad went on to become a powerful leader in Medina. Later the returned and proclaimed Mecca a holy city.
MAIN IDEAS Muslims believe that the sacred book of
Islam, the Quran, contains holy teaching that Muhammad received from Allah.
The 5 Pillars of Islam from the Quran instruct Muslims about how they should honor Allah in their lives.