1320

branches of the Order also in Austria, Germany, andSpain. The book closes with an appeal to the

nation for funds to help the Order to meet thestrain of the war, in which it is doing splendidwork through its mobilised hospital orderlies andupwards of 130 highly trained nurses serving atthe front.

____

THE SHADED LAMP IN SHOP WINDOWS.

A WORD of warning seems just now to be neces-sary in regard to the shading of incandescentelectric lamps in the shop windows. The regula-tions requiring less light to be employed in theshops are in many instances complied with bysimply wrapping round the upper part of the bulb- some coloured or darkened paper. This methodhas its risks, inasmuch as the glowing filamentgives off considerable heat, and when this heat is.jacketed by an insulating substance the point ofignition may easily be reached. If an electric lampbe buried in cotton-wool the wool soon commencesto scorch and ultimately to burst into flame. With.a free circulation of air round the lamp thereis little danger. There may be seen now inLondon, however, many very profusely dressed-shop windows full of inflammable goods, and inthe midst of them all, electric lamps are suspendedpartly wrapped in a paper shade. When thewindows, as they soon will be, are heavily dressedwith Christmas goods, the risk will be obviouslyincreased. This is no time for promulgating scares,but we have actual evidence of a paper shade beingfired in the way described, and we therefore write,seriously on this matter in order that a real riskmay be avoided. There seems to be some idea thatbecause an electric filament is enclosed in a glassbulb and is not flame it is free from the possi-bility of setting other things on fire. That is not-the case.

____

’THE FRIEDMANN "CURE" FOR TUBERCULOSIS.

GERMAN traders have taken their wares to everyland, and if they fail it is not for want of advertise-ment. In the same way certain of their medical.specialists have been entrusted with missions toless fortunate lands, particularly America. The

"twilight sleep" campaign of Professors Kronig andGauss, who crossed the Atlantic to offer the womenof America-for a consideration-the advantages ofpainless labour, was materially assisted by articlesin the lay magazines and daily papers, for which, itis fair to say, the distinguished gynaecologists dis-claimed all direct responsibility. But an even morenotorious effort of the same kind was that of Dr.Friedmann, of Berlin, who went to New York a yearor two ago with a tuberculin which was going toabolish tuberculosis. People crowded to the officeswhich Friedmann rented for the purpose, andthe affair attained such publicity that the UnitedStates Government thought it worth their whileto appoint a commission to inquire into the

validity of the claims put forward. This com-

mission has just reported, and bases its conclusionson a study of 94 cases of tuberculosis treated withthe Friedmann remedy, a tuberculin made fromliving acid-fast bacilli which were said to inflict noinjury in spite of their being alive at the time ofinjection. A more damning reply than that whichthe commission has furnished it would be impossibleto conceive. It reports that the curative materialhas certain deleterious effects, which are especiallylikely to be manifested in tuberculous subjects ; thatits favourable influence on tuberculous processes

is at best slight and uncertain; and that theorganism used in the preparation of the vaccine isby no means proved to be a tubercle bacillus at all.The commission sums up as follows: "The claimof Dr. F. F. Friedmann to have originated a specificcure for tuberculosis is not substantiated by ourinvestigation. The claim of Dr. F. F. Friedmannthat the inoculation of persons and animals withhis organism is without harmful properties isdisproved." In fairness to his Berlin colleagues itmust be remembered that they did not supportDr. Friedmann’s claims, and we are glad to thinkthat in THE LANCET they were rated at their rightvalue from the beginning.

THE Bradshaw Lecture will be delivered in thetheatre of the Royal College of Surgeons of Englandby Sir Frederic Eve, on Tuesday, Dec. 15th, at5 P.M. precisely. The subject of the lecture willbe Acute Haemorrhagic Pancreatitis, with remarkson the Etiology of Chronic Pancreatitis. Fellowsand Members of the College are invited to attend.Students and others who are not Fellows or Membersof the College will be admitted on presentation oftheir private visiting cards.

ON Monday next, Dec. 7th, at 8.30 P.M., a discussionwill take place at the Medical Society of London onTetanus, with special reference to (a) prophylaxis;(b) the serum treatment of established tetanus-dosage and method of administration. The discus-sion will be introduced by Dr. D. Embleton, whowill be followed by Professor F. W. Andrewes,Dr. John W. H. Eyre, Dr. R. B. Blair, Dr. CarlBrowning, and others.

THE BELGIAN DOCTORS’ ANDPHARMACISTS’ RELIEF FUND.

NUMEROUS additions have been made to the Com-mittee during the week, and promises of supporthave been received. Those who desire to join theCommittee responsible for the collection and dis-tribution of the Belgian Doctors’ and Pharmacists’Relief Fund are asked to signify their intentionpromptly, as the lists will soon be printed.Through the British committee the necessary

steps have now been taken for the despatch toBrussels of the packets of medical material whichhad been approved of by a subcommittee appointedto arrange this matter.The chairman, secretary, and treasurer of the

Committee attended a meeting of the council of thePharmaceutical Society, by invitation, on Tuesdaylast, when Sir Rickman Godlee made a brief state-ment of the work so far done by the Committeeand of its intentions for the future. Severalmembers of the council of the Society inquiredas to how far any packets of medical materialsent over to Belgium could be safeguardedfrom the enemy in occupation, and it was

explained that the packets under despatch weredesigned as a tentative measure of relief, andthat other packets would follow only if the firstconsignment reached its destination in safety. Thecouncil of the Pharmaceutical Society expressedhearty sympathy with the movement and promisedto nominate members to the Committee and to givethe fund every assistance.A letter from Mr. Meredith Townsend is appended

showing that there has been a fair response alreadyto the request for instruments.

1321

The following subscriptions to the fund havebeen received by Dr. H. A. Des Voeux, the treasurer,up to Tuesday evening last, in addition to sub-

scriptions amounting to C469 5s. 6d., which wereacknowledged last week :-

R 8. d. I!, s. d.Mr. L. Stearn ... 1 1 0 Dr. W. BritainDr. P. Bowes ... 2 2 0 Jones ......... 1 1 0

Dr. G. Peterkin... 2 2 0 Mr. W. B. Secretan 0 10 0Dr. A. M. Edge... 1 1 0 Mr. William Elmitt 110.Mr. Bayley Owen 5 5 0 - Dr. H. T. Gillet ... 30 0 0Dr. G. Edholm ... 1 1 0 Mr. W. G. Williams 0 5 0Dr. John Freeman 2 2 0 Mr. C. H. Walker... 25 0 0Mr. R. D. Attwood 5 0 0 Dr. Maynard Horne 3 3 0Dr. R. Jamieson ... 5 5 6 Mr. F. SwinfoidDr.H.L.McKisach 2 2 0 Edwards...... 10 0 0Dr. Maurice Craig 5 5 0 Miss Witts ...... 2 0 0Mr. Bilton Pollard 25 0 0 Dr. Arthur Court... 10 0 0Dr. F. G. Bushnell 1 1 0 Dr. M. Greenwood 1 1 0

Dr.M.H.Taylor 2 2 0 Mr. W. Spyvee ... 2 2 0Dr. T. Roberts- Professor and Mrs.Williams ...... 2 2 0 G. R. Murray ... 10 10 0

Dr. C. D. B. Hale 2 2 0 Mr. H. E. Mortis... 2 2 0-G. F. C. W....... 0 10 0 Mr. P. A. Steedman 5 0 0Dr. A. Keith 1 1 0 Dr. Walter Tate ... 10 10 0SirT. R. Fraser ...55 0-, Dr. C. PercivalDr. Alfred Cox ... 5 0 0 White......... 5 0 0Dr. H. E. Croker Dr. FrederickFox ......... 1 0 0 Taylor ...... 10 10 0

Mrs. Cressall ... 1 1 0 Dr. N. S. FiTIzi ... 2 0 0-Mrs. Grogan...... 1 1 0 Dr. Ashley Leggatt 5 5 0Mr. F. G. Harvey 1 1 0 Mr. W. H. Jalland 5 0 0Mr. C. W. Good- Mr. Raymond

child (in memory Johnson ...... 5 5 0of Mr. J. G. Good- Dr. Gordon Sharp 0 10 6child, of H. M. Dr. G. G. M. Black 0 10 0Geological 1 Dr. H. Newsome... 1 1 0Survey) ...... 2 2 0 1 IF. Hill 11 ...... 0 10 6

Sir T. Barlow, Bt. 25 0 0 Lt.-Col. W. Alpin,Mr. J. R. Wretts... 5 0 0 I. M. S....... 5 0 0Dr. James Ritchie 10 0 0 Dr. J. T. Conner... 1 1 0Mr. Arthur Bulleid 2 2 0 -Mr. R. C‘. Fuller... 0 10 6Mr. W. Johnstone e 5 0 0 Dr. R. WardenMr. E. B. Sherlock 2 2 0 Briggs ...... 2 2 0-Dr. Pearse ...... 1 1 0 Mr. George H.Dr. Adams...... 1 1 0 Barton ...... 1 1 0Mr. J. W. Papillon 1 1 0 Dr. C. D. Mupratt 2 2 0-Dr. F. E. Batten... 5 0 0 Dr. Arthur Whit-Society of Apothe- field......... 2 2 0

caries ...... 50 0 0 Sir Clifford Allbutt 10 0 O.Dr. B. H. Kingsford 2 0 0 Dr. F. de HavillandMr. J. B. Lawford 5 5 0 Hall......... 3 3 0-Mr. Bernard Roth 10 10 0 Dr. J. Ratcliff-Mr. H. Gaselee ... 3 3 0 Gaylard ...... 1 1 0Mr. T. B. Eames 5 5 0 Mr. Arnold Gregory 0 10 6Colonel D. Wilkie, Sir James Barr ... 5 5 0I.M.S....... 1 1 0 Mr. Arthur H.

Dr. F. R. Mallett 5 0 0 Burgess...... 10 10 0Mr. A. Lister r Surg.-Gen. F. J.Harrison...... 5 5 0 Lilly, R.N.... 5 0 0

Sir Rickman J. Mr. Ernest W.Godlee, Bt.... 25 0 0 Walsh ...... 0 10 0

Sir Henry Morris, Dr. F. J. Smith ... 3 0 0Bt.......... 20 0 0 Anon.......... 2 2 0

D r. Henry Mr. H. LynchHumphreys... 2 2 0 Burgess ...... 1 1 0

Dr. A. J. Campbell 5 0 0 Sir Dyce Duck-Dr. Daniell...... 2 0 0 worth, Bt....... 3 3 0Mr. G. P. K. Grey 1 0 0 Mr. John Marshall 0 10 6Dr. George Pernet 1 1 0 Dr. T. H. Galbraith 2 2 0Dr. G. F. Barham 5 5 0 Dr. J. Reid ...... 1 1 0Mr. H. Cuthbert Dr. DawsonDixon ...... 5 5 0 Williams...... 5 5 0

Mr. L. Franklin ...55 0 Dr. S. SquireMiss Catherine Sprigge ...... 5 5 0Kirk ........ 1 1 0 Mr. W. E. Good ... 10 0 0

Dr.JohnPJayfair... 330 0 (will increase toMiss Constance £ 25ifthreeotherPine 5 0 0 Dorset medical

Sir r Donald men will give Z25MacAlister ... 10 0 0 each)

Dr. C. J. Evers ... 2 2 0 Anon ......... 1 5 0

THE IRISH COMMITTEE.

The Irish Committee has been very active already.-This Committee, which was started under the aegis.of the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons,,includes, in addition to the Presidents and Vice-Presidents of those bodies, the Presidents of

University College, Dublin, and the President and-Vice-President of the Pharmaceutical Society, the-following representative names :-Sir Charles Ball,Mr. G. D. Beggs, M.P.S.I., Mr. Alexander Blayney,Sir Charles Cameron, Sir Arthur Chance, Dr. J. M.Finny, Dr. C. E. FitzGerald, Right Hon. M. F. Cox,Sir Andrew Horne, Sir John Lentaigne, ProfessorLindsay, Dr. James Little, Dr. J. C. McWalter, SirJohn Moore, Sir Lambert Ormsby, Sir Thomas

Myles, Mr. R. D. Purefoy, Dr. Walter Smith, SirRobert Woods, and Dr. W. M. A. Wright. Dr.T. P. C. Kirkpatrick, Registrar of the Royal Collegeof Physicians, and Dr. C. M. Benson, Secretary ofthe Royal College of Surgeons, to whom cheques.may be made payable, are acting as honorarysecretaries and treasurers.

The following is a preliminary list of subscrip-tions which have been received or promised to the.Irish Fund :-

s. d..&bgr; s. d."Anonymous," ... 1 1 0 Mr. R. C. B. MaunseIlDr. Arthur Atock 2 2 0 F. B.C. S.I.... 2 2 0Dr. C. M. Benson 5 5 0 Dr. P. Merrin ... 1 1 0Mr. A. Blayney, Dr. George Moore 330

F. R. C, S. 1.... 10 10 0 Sir John Moore ... 5 5 0Dr. H. U. Byrne ... 2 2 0 Dr. T. H. Moorhead 2 2 0Sir Charles Cameron 5 0 0 Dr. John Murphy 550Dr. J. Galway Dr. Thomas Neill 1 0 0Cooke ...... 10 0 0 Dr. George Nesbitt 2 2 0

Dr. MacDowel Cos- Dr- C. M. O’Brien 550grave, P.R.C F.I. 10 10 0 Dr. J. F. O’Carroll,

Dr. S. M. Cowe ... 2 2 0 V.-P.R C.P.I.... 10 10 0TheRt. Hoi3. M. F. Sir Lambert Ormsby 5 5 4

Cox, P.C ....... 5 5 0 Dr. Alfred R.Dr. W. M. Crofton 5 5 0 Parsons ...... 5 5 0Dr. G. Cope...... 1 1 0 Dr. George eDr. Albert Croly 5 5 0 Peacocke...... 2 2 0,Dr. J. T. Daniel... 2 2 0 Dr. Joseph Petit... 1 0 0-Dr. De la Hoyde... 1 1 0 Miss Purefoy ... 5 0 O’Dr. Martin Dr. R. Dancer r

Dempsey ...... 3 3 0 Purefoy ...... 10 0 0-Dr. Patrick Dr. F. C. Purser... 550Dempsev...... 5 5 0 Sir r Joseph

Dr. Frank Dunne... 2 2 0 Redmond...... 5 5 ()Mr. Conway Dwyer, Dr. R. J. Rowlette 220P.R.C.S.I. ’" 1010 0 Dr. J. Spencer r

Miss A. S. Eustace 1 0 0 Sheill......... 2 2 0-Dr. H. M. Eustace 1 0 0 Mr. GreggSherlock,Dr. N. Falkiner... 2 2 0 F R C. S.1.... 2 2 O’Dr. J. M. Finny ... 2 2 0 Dr. Alfred Smith... 550Dr. C. E. Fitz- Mr. T. N. Smith,

Gerald ...... 10 10 0 F. R. C. S. I.. 2 2 0Dr. William Fottrell 2 0 0 Dr. Walter Smith 550’Dr. W. V. Furlong 5 5 0 Dr. B e t h e 1Dr. M. J. Gibson... 5 5 0 Solomons...... 5 5 0Dr. S. T. Gordon... 1 1 0 Mr. J. B. Story,Sur.-Gen. C. Joynt 2 2 0 F.R.C.S.I.... 5 5 0Dr. T. P. C. Kirk- Mr. Wm. Taylor,

patrick ...... 10 10 0 V.-P.R.C.S.I.... 10 10 0Dr. Wm. Lalor... 2 0 0 Sir W. J. Thomp-Sir John Len- son ........ 3 3 0

taigne ...... 10 10 0 Dr. D. Turner ... 220Dr. Little ...... 21 0 0 Dr. HastingsDr. T. M. M’Evoy 2 2 0 Tweedy...... 10 10 0Dr. :J.1. M’Hugh ... 2 2 0 Mr. W. I. de C.Professor E. P. V h e e 1 e r ,M’Loughlin ... 10 10 0 F.R.C.S 1.... 10 10 4

Dr. R. B. McVittie 2 2 0 Sir Stewart Wood-Dr. E. Magennis... 1 1 0 house ...... 10 10 0Dr. Katherine e

The Clinical Club 10 10 0-

Maguire ...... 5 0 0 The e OdontoblastDr. J. A. Matson... 1 1 0 Club......... 10 10 O

1322

THE APPEAL FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS.

The following letter has been received fromMr. Meredith Townsend :- .

SiR,-The appeal for surgical instruments madein your columns on behalf of Belgium doctors hasmet with a ready response, and I feel sure thatthe very urgent need for these has only to be morewidely known for the Relief Committee to receive agreatly increased number. I ask especially formidwifery instruments, tooth forceps, scalpels,forceps of all descriptions, and scissors.

I enclose a list of those medical men and womenwho have up to the present given gifts.

I am, Sir, yours faithfully,MEREDITH TOWNSEND,

Master of the Society of Apothecaries.Apothecaries’ Hall, Blackfriars, E.C., Dec. 1st, 1914.

Dr. Gardner, George-street, Falkirk ; Lieutenant-ColonelWalsh, I.M.S., Heath House, St. Faith’s, Norwich;Dr. G. Le Seelleur, Jersey ; Dr. A. E. Fiddian, TheWalk, Cardiff ; Dr. John Douglas, Central-hill, Norwood;L.S.A. ; Miss Igglesden, Torwood Villa, Torquay; Dr.

Gregson, Lower Audley-street, Blackburn ; Dr. W. Jack,Laurel Mount, Kendal ; Dr. Eveline Cargill, LansdownLodge, Cheltenham ; Dr. Campbell, Duns ; Dr. Papillon,Brent Knoll ; Mr. A. E. Tanner, Westminster Hospital,S.W.; Mr. J. B. Lawford, Harley-street, W. ; Dr.Stormont, Tanworth-in-Arden, Birmingham; Dr. E. P.Hardey, Spring Bank, Hull; Surgeon-Major R. E. Heath,Bryn Adda, Eastbourne ; Dr. W. B. Secretan, 10, Redlands-road, Reading; Dr. Hulbert, Highbury-grove, N. ; Dr.F. Milnes Blumer, The Mount, Stafford ; Dr. F. L. Ford,Rushmere, Wimbledon Common; Dr. Holden, Sudbury ;Dr. Grierson, Dudley-street, Grimsby ; Dr. Hurry, Westfield,Reading; Dr. Edith Serjeant, Waterloo-road, Wolver-hampton ; Dr. Ayling, Cowley Mansions, Brixton; Dr.Evershed, Harley-street, W. ; Dr. Meredith Townsend,Upper Phillimore-place, W. ; Dr. J. W. Bell, Portland-place, W. ; Dr. Aitchison and Dr. Exton, Blackburn;Dr. S. E. Baxter, Wollaston, Wellingborough; Dr:Charles J. Renshaw, Beech Hurst, Ashton-on-Mersey; Dr.Herbert Marson, Stafford; Dr. N. S. Twist, Wakefield-road, Normanton; Dr. William Tibbles, Derby-road,Parkside, Nottingham; Surgeon-General F. J. Lilly, R.N.,"Annandale," Woodland-grove, Weybridge ; Sir LauderBrunton, Stratford-place, W. ; Dr. W. T. Scott, Banchory.

THE CLAIMS OF BRITISH SPAS.(Continued from p. 1112.)

VI.-LEAMINGTON.

LEAMINGTON, in Warwickshire, is a dignified,peaceful town which possesses a quite classical

history in regard to the healing qualities of itswaters. These are saline and sulphated. The

Pump Room well contains as much sodium chlorideas 1245 parts per 100,000, together with calciumsulphate 248 parts, magnesium chloride 47 parts,and magnesium sulphate 125 parts. The presenceof manganese and titanium has been noted. Thischemical composition bears a resemblance to manywell-known waters abroad, and, like most salinewaters, those at Leamington are cold. They areemployed both internally and externally, and

according to the experience of those engaged inmedical practice at Leamington are useful in bothdirections.In regard to internal administration, perhaps

the most important action of the waters isthat on the bowels. They are decisively thoughnot drastically aperient, relieving portal con-

gestion and promoting the expulsion of toxicbodies. There is thus produced a healthy effectupon metabolism, and diseases of gouty origin Icome under favourable treatment at Leamington.

In gastric disorders, also, Leamington waters dogood apparently by clearing up the mucus on thegastric wall. In addition, and as might be expectedfrom their chemical composition, these watersexercise a marked diuretic effect leading to anincrease in the output of uric acid.As regards external application there is a com-

plete installation of baths, and there is an

abundance of ways of administering the watersin this direction. These include, for example,saline baths, Nauheim baths, needle bath anddouche, Aix and Vichy douche, and so on. Inaddition, there are the usual adjuncts to treatment-for example, electrical and radio-therapeuticapplications, ionic medication-now found at allwell-equipped hydropathic stations.The country round is beautifully rural and sooth-

ing, and, of course, it includes many places full ofhistoric attractions, as, for example, Kenilworth,Warwick, and Stratford-on-Avon. The socialamenities are well provided for; there is an

orchestra in the Pump Room in the winter and inthe beautiful gardens adjoining the Pump Room andthe Jephson gardens in the summer. The climateis described as mild and equable, warmer in winterand cooler in summer than the health resorts ofCentral Europe. The entire establishment is underthe control of the town council.

VII.-STRATHPEFFER.

The reputation of Strathpeffer as a hydro-thera,.peutic station is based chiefly upon its remarkablesulphur waters and its peat or mud baths. Threeyears ago important developments took place atthis spa chiefly in the direction of providingfurther accommodation for the increasing numberof visitors. On that occasion one of our repre-sentatives was present, who thus had the oppor-tunity of examining the systems of treatment

adopted there. There are three sulphur wells anda chalybeate of the type of the " Stahlbrunnen" onthe continent.A typical analysis shows the presence of just over

2 grains per gallon of sodium sulphide in the

sulphur wells, and about 19 cubic inches per gallonof sulphuretted hydrogen. In addition the watercontains 38 grains per gallon of magnesiumsulphate, 8 grains of magnesium carbonate,2t grains magnesium chloride, 5’8 grains sodiumsulphate, and 12 grains calcium carbonate. Althoughstrongly sulphuretted the water has a curiouslycleansing effect upon the mouth owing to itsalkaline constituents.Primarily the reputation of Strathpeffer rests

mainly upon successful results achieved in thetreatment of chronic and subacute gout and rheu-matism, rheumatoid arthritis (in certain stages),and chronic rheumatic affections of musclesand nerves, such as lumbago and sciatica, butthe waters have been used with benefit also inchronic skin diseases, disorders of digestion, uterinetroubles, and in functional nervous disorders. Bymeans of an atomising apparatus a spray ofthe waters is obtained which when inhaled has- given relief in the treatment of chronic and acuteconditions of the respiratory passages. The watersare administered also in the form of douches, andthe Plombieres method of intestinal administrationis available.

Strathpeffer is beautifully situated in a mostpicturesque part of the Highlands ; the climate isseldom extreme in spite of the far-north situation.There is protection from the north by the slopes of