the big bang
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The Big Bang. Our Galaxy: The Milky Way. Other Galaxies. Our Solar System. Earth. Plate Tectonics. The 1 st 4 Million Years. 1859 Charles Darwin wrote On the Origin of Species. Australopithecines & modern humans are hominids, & members of the primate family . - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Big Bang
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Our Galaxy: The Milky Way
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Other Galaxies
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Our Solar System
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Earth
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Plate Tectonics
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The 1st 4 Million Years 1859 Charles Darwin wrote On the Origin of Species.
Australopithecines & modern humans are hominids, & members of the primate family.
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Australopithecus Africanus
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The 1st 4 Million Years 3 distinguishing characteristics:
Bi-pedalism Very large brain Lower position of larynx
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The 1st 4 Million YearsHomo Habilis:
Evolved 2-3 million years ago with brain 50% larger
Seeds, grass, leaves, fruits, berries, low protein
Extinct by 1 million years
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Homo Habilis
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The 1st 4 Million YearsHomo Erectus:
1.8 million years ago Resembled modern man from the neck down
Brain 1/3 larger More protein - Social
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Homo Erectus
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The 1st 4 Million Years
Homo Sapiens: 400,000 to 100,000 years ago.
Brain size increased by another 1/3
Greater speech capacity, expanded diet
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Migration out of Africa
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The 1st 4 Million Years
Stone Age (2MM – 4K) Paleolithic (Old) to 10K Neolithic (New) to now
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The 1st 4 Million Years Paleolithic (Old Stone Age): Stone tools Scavenging/Foraging Much later hunting Fire - not used for food.
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Example of Paleolithic Art
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The 1st 4 Million Years 2 – parent family Women gathered, cooked,
reared the children while the men hunted. Lived in small groups migrating to “chase” their food.
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The 1st 4 Million Years 3-5 hours daily for food, shelter and clothing. Time spent gathering, organizing, and passing on information, art, & religion.
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Agricultural Revolution Neolithic (New Stone Age) Caused by changes in climate 1st stage: semicultivation,
followed by cultivation. Transitions occurred
independently in various place of the world.
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Catal Hüyük
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Agricultural Revolution Domestication of plants & animals occurred independently around the globe.
Exceptions were the Americas, Central Asia & Africa.
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Agricultural Revolution Global Warming in the
Holocene period (beginning 9,000 B.C.E.) created environmental changes that reduced game & wild plant supplies.
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Life in Neolithic Communities
Advantages of food production-stored extra, sustained health.
Society organized in kinship groups.
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Cultural Expressions Worshiped ancestral and
nature spirits. Used the megaliths Spread of language groups
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Early Towns & Specialists Geographically favored. Villages grew to towns &
centers of trade Metal works in the late
Neolithic era, gold & silver Support for non-farmers.