the big island: growing pains
TRANSCRIPT
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
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HYGXKBH _@KBUDS@LKBKBH QCD IKH KUM@BAU
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Q C D B D K H C I G Y K U M @ B A U
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
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Qcd egubtys pgpum`tkgb ks kberd`skbh n`stdr tc`b `by gtcdr kb tcd st`td,sg kts nuturd c`bhs kb tcd i`m`bed. Ydpgrtdr L`ry ^grskbg `ba pcgtghr`pcdrF`ll @qukbg rdedbtmy spdbt tkld tcdrd tg e`pturd nkrstc`ba tcd stgrkds gnegpkbh wktc lgrd cglds, lgrd pdgpmd `ba lgrd bdda ngr tcd egbvdbkdbedsgn lgadrb mkvkbh. Ul`mm tgwbs `ba bdkhcigrcggas gb C`w`kk ksm`ba `rd `t ` erktke`m fubeturd cgp-kbh tg e`rvd gut b degbglke`mmy vk`imd nuturd wckmd prdsdrvkbh sdbsd gn egllubkty ba mge`meumturd.
Qcks sdetkgb dx`lkbds tcd ksm`ba kb tcrdd p`rts6 tcd cui gn hrgwtc, tcd dvdrya`y struhhmd gn dx-p`bskgb, `ba tcd nuturd dbvkskgbda iy ksm`ba ygutc, wcg lust adekad wcdtcdr tg st`y gr md`vd.
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c`vd irguhct tcd prglksd gn bdw kb-austry ba advdmgpldbt iut c`vd`msg spurrda qudstkgbs igut kb`ad-qu`td kbnr`strueturd ba gvdradvdm-gpldbt.
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jbgwmdahd tcdrd ks egbskadr`imdwgrj tg ag tg hkvd ygutc lgrdecgkeds ntdr hr`au`tkgb, iut tcdrdks msg cgpd kb tcd nuturd.
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HYGXKBH _@KBUDS@LKBKBH QCDIKH KUM@BAU
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UTBA@[ 1/93/05
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adhrdd kb Dbhmksc `t tcd Tbkvdrskty gnC`w`kk. Cd c`s wgb buldrgus pcgtg-fgurb`mksl `w`ras. Cd l`kbt`kbs `pcgtg imgh gb tcd Ut`r-@avdrtksdrwdisktd, @pdrturd E`nd, `ba e`b idngmmgwda gb igtc Qwkttdr `ba Kbst`-hr`l wktc cks c`bamd, Of`ll`qukbg.
Lkec`dm YgvbdrL`b`hkbh Daktgr / Adskhb
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
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_@CG@ 22 Xcdb ` aruhstgrd ec`kb `ba twgn`st-ngga d`tdrkds sdt up scgp `t tcd dbtr`bed
gn tcks gma pm`bt`tkgb tgwb kb 9?00, Jddp _`-cg` _`cg` hrdw nrgl ` iulpdr stkejdr smg-h`b usda iy c`banum gn tgwb md`adrs tg tcdl`btr` ngr ` egllubktywkad e`lp`khb.
Ydskadbts wgrrkda tcd iuskbdssds wdrd tcdnkrst gn lgrd tg egld, ` hmklpsd gn wc`t kl-ldbsd pgpum`tkgb hrgwtc kb tcd _ub` akstrketwguma ld`b ngr tcd ckstgrke tgwb, wktc ktsdemdetke l`kb strddt gn Xdstdrb-stymd stgrd-nrgbts p`kbtda kb addp hrddbs `ba irkej rdas.
Qcd bdw scgppkbh `rd`, wktc ` Mgbhs Aruhs,
` JNE (wckec c`s skbed emgsda kts aggrs) `ba `Iurhdr Jkbh, w`s erktkekzda `s idkbh kb-ygur-n`ed, f`rrkbh `ba vdry luec bgt _`cg`, s`kaYgi Quejdr, gbd gn tcd ngubakbh ldlidrs gntcd Nrkdbas gn _ub`s Nuturd.
_dgpmd wdrd upsdt, cd s`ka. Kt w`s tc`t `r-rkv`m gn egrpgr`td mghgs `ba bdgb.
Qcd struhhmd tg Jddp _`cg` _`cg` ks dl-imdl`tke gn i`ttmds hgkbh gb `ergss C`w`kk ks-m`ba, wcdrd tcd bddas gn hrgwkbh egllubktkds e`mmkbh ngr kberd`sda sdrvkeds `ba egbvdb-kdbeds `rd eglkbh up `h`kbst lgubtkbh egb-
edrbs gvdr cgw tg prdsdrvd tcd ubkqudec`r`etdr `ba rur`m nddm gn ckstgrke pm`eds.
G^DY QCD M@UQ ADE@AD, C`w`kkEgubtys pgpum`tkgb swdmmda iy bd`rmy 94 pdr-edbt, tcd ckhcdst hrgwtc r`td kb tcd st`td.
Qcd bdw bdkhcigrs c`vd irguhct tcd prgl-ksd gn bdw kbaustry `ba advdmgpldbt, sgld-tckbh tc`t l`by rdskadbts s`y tcdy wdmegld,`s mgbh `s kts bgt `t tcd dxpdbsd gn wc`t tcdyc`vd6 ` sdbsd gn pm`ed, gn egllubkty `ba gntcd p`st.
A`b Q`ymgr, ` rdskadbt gn ^gme`bg wcg c`siddb kbvgmvda kb _ub` egllubkty pm`bbkbh,s`ka tcd hrd`tdst nd`r ngr l`by ks tc`t ckstgrkeegrrkagrs wkmm id adlgmkscda tg l`jd w`y ngrstrkp l`mms ba ikh-igx stgrds.
Mggj `t Jkcdk, X`kjkjk gr `bywcdrd kb Dw`,cd s`ka. _dgpmd `rd egbedrbda tc`t tcdywgumabt id tcd gbds hukakbh hrgwtc. Qcdyw`bt tg id tcd arkvdrs.
@lgbh tgwbs adstkbda tg id eglldrek`mcuis ngr bdw hrgwtc `rd`s, _`cg` st`bas`p`rt ide`usd gn tcd urhdbey gn tcd bdda ngrsdrvkeds.
_`cg`s _ub` akstrket c`s c`a tcd ikhhdsthrgwtc r`tds gb b ksm`ba wcdrd fust igutdvdry egllubkty ks sddkbh bdw n`eds. Nrgl0;;? tg 9?0? _ub`s pgpum`tkgb lgrd tc`b
aguimda tg 14,???.Iut lgst gn _ub`s pgpum`tkgb hrgwtc ks
c`ppdbkbh kb l`sskvd, m`rhdmy ubklprgvdasuiakvkskgbs tc`t c`vd bg hrgedry stgrds, w`-tdrmkbds gr cgld l`km admkvdry. L`by stkmm c`vd
ubp`vda rg`as.Ug _`cg` c`s iddb kadbtknkda `s ` jdy prg-
pgsda rdhkgb`m tgwb edbtdr ngr _ub`, wcdrdl`by sdrvkeds wkmm prgi`imy id pm`eda, kb p`rtide`usd kt c`s dxkstkbh (kn `hkbh) kbnr`strueturd.
Lgrd tc`b `by gtcdr egllubkty gb C`w`kkksm`ba, egubty pm`bbdrs s`y, _`cg` ks ubadrklldbsd prdssurd tg pm`b ngr tcd nuturdqukejmy `ba tg hdt kt rkhct.
Qc`ts pdrc`ps dspdek`mmy trud hkvdb _ub`spgtdbtk`m ngr nuturd hrgwtc tcd akstrket c`sbd`rmy 14 pdredbt gn tcd ksm`bas suiakvkada
mgts. Gn tcd 49,4?? mgts kb _ub`, `igut gbd-qu`rtdr `rd geeupkda.
Xc`t `rd wd hgkbh tg ag wcdb pdgpmdiukma gb `mm gn tcgsd mgts7 s`ka Igiiy Fd`bMdktcd`a-Qgaa, egubty pm`bbkbh akrdetgr.
Qcd hrgwtc ks
kbdvkt`imd. Xd
c`vd tcgus`bas
gn suiakvkskgbmgts tc`t `rd
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1 IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
5/36UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 4
Xcdrd `rd tcd p`rjs hgkbh tg id7 Xcdrd `rdtcd tr`bskt egrrkagrs7
QCD KBKQK@QK^D tg s`vd _`cg` sddb `s tcd mkjdmy rdhkgb`m tgwb edbtdr ngr `egbskadr`imd ecubj gn tcd _ub` akstrket ksiy n`r tcd strgbhdst ba lgst grh`bkzda gn bulidr gn egllubkty-pm`bbkbh dnngrts se`t-tdrda `rguba C`w`kk ksm`ba.
Qcgsd kbvgmvda kb ar`ntkbh egllubkty pm`bss`y tcdy c`vd `b kberdakimd `ba r`rd gp-pgrtubkty tg tckbj str`tdhke`mmy igut cgw
eglldrek`m advdmgpldbt e`b id kbegrpgr`tdakbtg tcd ec`r`etdr gn tcdkr tgwbs.
@ba tcdyrd adtdrlkbda tg l`jd tcdkrvgkeds cd`ra.
_dgpmd agbt gifdet tg c`vkbh rdt`km dst`i-
Gppgsktd, F`bs I`ridr`ba Id`uty Ucgp gwbdrF`bdt Kjda` tdbas tgLkec`dm Azk`tjg gn _`r`-aksd _`rj. _`cg` ks ` spd-ek`m pm`ed, s`ys Kjda`, 88,wcg c`s iddb euttkbh c`krngr >5 yd`rs `ba pm`bs tgrdtkrd wcdb scd c`s eutc`kr ngr 84 yd`rs. @igvd,tcd ckstgrke tgwb kb _ub`ks mkbda wktc egmgrnum
stgrdnrgbts pdrsgb`mktytc`t rdskadbts w`bt tg prd-sdrvd `s kt `a`pts tg ` r`p-kamy hrgwkbh pgpum`tkgb.
mkscldbts, iut tcdyrd eglkbh kb sgrt gn strkp-l`mm ngrl`t. [gu sdd kt `mm gvdr tcd egubtry,`ba tc`ts bgt wc`t tcdy w`bt, s`ka M`rryIrgwb, C`w`kk Egubty pm`bbdr wcg ks cdmp-kbh rdskadbts ar`nt advdmgpldbt pm`b ngr _`-cg`. Qcdy w`bt tg rdt`kb tc`t rur`m vkmm`hdec`r`etdr.
Iut rdskadbts rd msg wgrjkbh h`kbst tcdemgej. Kn tcdy agbt et, tcdy l`y c`vd tg skl-pmy eedpt wc`tdvdr advdmgpldbt eglds tcdkrw`y.
Kb _`cg` tcdrd ks wkad-se`md eedpt bed
tc`t ec`bhd wkmm egld dvdb `s tcdrds hrgw-kbh trdpka`tkgb igut wc`t tc`t ec`bhd wkmmmggj mkjd.
Kts tc`t egbedrb tc`ts arkvkbh lgrd pdgpmdtg hdt kbvgmvda. Kb rdedbt lgbtcs, puimke lddt-
kbhs igut tcd nuturd gn _`cg` c`vd iddbergwada `nn`krs, `ba pdgpmd `rd em`lgrkbh tgmdba ` c`ba.
QCGUD XCG MK^D, wgrj gr scgp kb _`-cg`, wcdrd stgrdnrgbts wktc ig`raw`mjs cuhtcd twg-m`bd rg`a tcrguhc tgwb ba wcdrdpdgpmd hrddt stgrd gwbdrs iy b`ld, rd m-rd`ay kb akseusskgbs wktc eglldrek m m`ba-mgras, c`vd egld up wktc prgpgsda adskhbakstrket pm`b ba rd lddtkbh tg l`p gut tcdkrprdndrrda nuturd gn tcd tgwb.
_`cg`s nkrst l`fgr tdst e`sd eguma egldsggb, wktc tcd egbstruetkgb gn pm`bbda $9?lkmmkgb scgppkbh edbtdr kb tcd cd`rt gn tgwb
Egbtkbuda gb bdxt p`hd
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tc`t ks sdt tg nd`turd ` supdrl`rjdt, ` ldake`memkbke, d`tdrkds `ba gtcdr rdt`km prgpdrtkds.
Egllubkty md`adrs s`y tcdy `rd kb t`mjswktc tcd scgppkbh edbtdrs advdmgpdr, wcg ks`pp`rdbtmy rdedptkvd tg adskhb suhhdstkgbs.
Qcgsd nkhctkbh tg Jddp _`cg` _`cg` s`ytcdyrd bgt h`kbst hrgwtc gr bdw iuskbdss.
Xd `rd trykbh tg prdsdrvd ` tgwb, jddp tcd`recktdetur`m ec`rl, s`ka L`rj Ckbsc`w,ec`krl`b gn tcd _`cg` Ydhkgb`m Qgwb Edbtdrstddrkbh egllkttdd `ba prdskadbt gn L`kb-strddt _`cg`. @t tcd s`ld tkld, wdrd ad`mkbhwktc dxpgbdbtk`m hrgwtc `ba (tcd bdda ngr)
cd`mtc sdrvkeds, daue`tkgb, sdwdr, w`tdr, tcdwcgmd h`lut.
GB @ YDEDBQ wddja`y `ntdrbggb kb _`-cg`, tgurksts strgmmda tcrguhc scgps grstgppda iy d`tdrkds. Ydskadbts wdrd `msg gut`ba `igut, d`tkbh mubec wktc n`lkmy gr nrkdbas,
argppkbh gnn suppmkds gr pkejkbh tcdl up.@t tcd n`r dba gn tcd l`kb strddt skts F`bsI`ridr `ba Id`uty Ucgp, cgusda kb ` tkay,sl`mm iukmakbh p`kbtda ` p`md pkbj. Kts tcd gma-dst iuskbdss kb _`cg` tcdsd a`ys.
Kbskad, prgprkdtgr `ba stgrd b`lds`jd
F`bdt Kjda`, 88, `td ` mubec gn s`klkb `ba mks-tdbda tg tcd r`akg. Ucd c`s iddb euttkbh c`krngr >5 yd`rs, nkrst `s `b `pprdbtked tg cdrhr`ban`tcdr, wcgsd scgp usda tg skt rkhct kbnrgbt gn cdrs.
Kjda` w`s igrb `ba r`ksda kb _`cg`, `bas`ka scd e`bt kl`hkbd mkvkbh `ba wgrjkbh `by-
pm`ed dmsd._`cg` ks spdek`m pm`ed, scd s`ka.Cdr rd`etkgb tg t`mj gn hrgwtc `ba bdw iusk-
bdssds6 Qcd lgrd, tcd idttdr.Tp tcd strddt, sdvdr`m md`adrs gn tcd dnngrt tg
prdsdrvd _`cg`s d`rmy iukmakbhs `ba ubkqud
> IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
_ @ YQ 0 C D@Y Q GN E C@ B HD
C`bhkbh gut kb nrgbtgn tcd ckstgrke@jdigbg Qcd`tdr.Gppgsktd, arykbhemgtcds `agrb `nrgbt pgrec. _`cg`ks sd`reckbh ngr tcd
idst w`y tg hrgwwckmd jddpkbh ktsrustke ec`rl.
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
7/36UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 8
ec`r`etdr h`tcdrda t Muqukbs, Ldxke`be`btkb` ba rdst`ur`bt.
Gvdr quds`akmm`s, t`eg s`m`as ba td`, wktcrgej luske kb tcd i`ejhrguba, tcdy l`adtcdkr e`sd. Qcdy w`bt ` _`cg` tc`t wkmm `e-egllga`td mm tcd bddas gn hrgwkbh pgpu-m`tkgb edbtdr iut stkmm rdt`kb tcd tckbhs tc`tl`jd kt spdek`m6 sl`mm, krrdhum`rmy-sc`pdastgrdnrgbts wktc n`msd n`e`ads: bg rg`a sdt-i`ejs: gma-tkld e`bgpkds gvdr ig`raw`mjs kbnrgbt gn iuskbdssds.
Qcd bdw scgppkbh rd` t tcd dahd gn
tgwb agdsbt lddt tcgsd adskhb hukadmkbds.Ckbsc`w, ec`krl`b gn tcd tgwb edbtdr
stddrkbh egllkttdd, s`ka tcdrds bg td`rkbhtc`t advdmgpldbt agwb. Qcd cgpd, tcguhc,ks tc`t tcd egllubkty wkmm c`vd ` s`y kb tcdmggj gn tcd bdxt scgppkbh `rd` `ba tcdgbd `ntdr tc`t.
Qcks emd`rmy ks igut prdsdrvkbh tcdtgwb, bgt stgppkbh hrgwtc, cd s`ka. Qcdhrgwtc ks kbdvkt`imd. Xd c`vd tcgus`bas gnsuiakvkskgb mgts tc`t rd `mrd`ay pprgvda.
Hrgwtcs eglkbh._`cg` ktsdmn ks tkby tgwb, pgpum`tkgbrguhcmy ;4?. Ngr tgurksts kts pgpum`r stgpgb tcd w`y tg J`m`p`b`.
L`akd Hrddbd, nndetkgb tdmy jbgw s tcdbgnnkek`m l`ygr gn _`cg`, s`ka kts tguhc
ngr sgld tg ubadrst`ba tcd ppd`m gn tckspm`ed, gn kts gma iukmakbhs tc`t cgusd qukrjylkx gn dst`imkscldbts nrgl t`ttgg p`r-mgr tg ` iggj iuydr, ` b`tur`m-ngga stgrd `ba` rd`m dst`td hdbt.
Iut kb tcgsd iuskbdssds, Hrddbd s`ka, scdsdds cdr eckmacgga ba cdr nrkdbas: scd sddsC`w`kks ckstgry, tcd rdlb`bts gn C`w`kk`bsuh`r, gn tcd mulidr kbaustry, gn sg l`bypdgpmd nrgl mm gvdr tcd wgrma wcg egb-vdrhda gb tcks tkby gutpgst t tcd turb gn tcdm`st edbtury ba iukmt kt nrgl tcd hrguba up.
Ly hrd`t-hr`ban`tcdr w`s tcd nkrst scdrknnkb _ub`, Hrddbd s`ka. K fust w`bt tg e`rrygb tc`t mdh`ey. K e`rd sg luec igut tckstgwb.
QCD EGTBQ[ ks sskstkbh _`cg` kbar`ntkbh kts adskhb ba advdmgpldbt pm`bs,wckec wkmm id prdsdbtda tg tcd Egubty Egub-ekm `s d`rmy `s tcks yd`r.
Xckmd tcd pm`bs rd strketmy avksgry, tcdyag cgma sw`y ba rd usda tg cdmp kbngrl
advdmgpldbt adekskgbs gb prgfdets tc`t hgidngrd tcd Egubekm.C`w`kk Egubty st`rtda kts egllubkty-
pm`bbkbh dnngrt kb 9??3, wktc Jgb`. Ug n`r,ngur egllubkty pm`bs c`vd iddb advdmgpda,`ba gtcdrs rd kb tcd wgrjs.
Qgaa, gn tcd pm`bbkbh gnnked, s`ka C`w`kkksm`ba egllubktkds rd trykbh tg strkjd i`m-`bed idtwddb prgvkakbh ` pm`b tc`t `mmgwsngr sunnkekdbt hrgwtc tg t`jd e`rd gn cguskbh`ba dlpmgyldbt bddas ba t tcd s`ld tkldprdsdrvkbh ba prgvkakbh dbguhc kbnr`strue-turd ba ldbktkds sg tc`t ygu c`vd qu`m-kty gn mknd.
I`ej t Muqukbs, tcd Ldxke`b rdst`ur`bt,Ec`rmds L``s, ec`krl`b gn tcd _`cg` Yd-hkgb`m Qgwb Edbtdrs adskhb egllkttdd, s`kahrgwtc l`y gnndr bdw ird`tc gn mknd tg _`-
cg` bdw ec`bed ngr tcd tgwb tg id sckbkbh dx`lpmd gn advdmgpldbt agbdrkhct.
Gr, cd s`ka, kt eguma hg bgtcdr w`y._`cg` ks hgkbh tg c`vd tg ag mm tcd tckbhs
tc`t Ckmg bgw agds. Kn ygu w`bt qu`rt gnlkmj gr rgmm gn tgkmdt p`pdr, kts hgkbh tg id_`cg`, cd s`ka. Xd c`vd mgt gn r`w m`batc`ts hgkbh tg hdt advdmgpda. Kts se`ryprgpgsktkgb.
Utkmm, L``s ks gptklkstke, kb m`rhd p`rt id-
e`usd gn tcd hrgubaswdmm gn egllubkty sup-pgrt tg jddp _`cg`s nm`kr ba ubkqudec`r`etdr.
Qcks, cd s`ka, ks prgedss wcdrd gurhr`baeckmardb rd hgkbh tg skt ubadr tcdsc`ad gn tcd trdd tc`t wdrd pm`btkbh.
$45,4;0C@X@KK EGTBQ[
LDAK@B KBEGLD
Ldak`b kbegld
M`ej eglpmdtdpmulikbh n`ekmktkds
$9>,>>8_@CG@ LDAK@B KBEGLD
8.?%
M`ejeglpmdtd
jktecdbn`ekmktkds
1.?%
Bg tdmdpcgbdsdrvked
1.?%
0;5;
gr
d`rmkdr
0;1?-0;1;
0;4?-0;4;
0;>?-0;>;
0;8?-0;8;
0;3?-0;3;
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[d`r cguskbh ubkts iukmt
Ugured6 T.U. Edbsus Iurd`u
MK^KBH KB _@CG@
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
8/36
GXBDY-GEET_KDA CGTUKBH6
89.;%LDAK@B CGTUDCGMA KBEGLD6
$53,>19*LDAK@B ^@MTD GN CGTUKBH TBKQU6
$941,1??*CKHC UECGGM HY@AT@QD GY CKHCDY6
33.9%*_G_TM@QKGB6
51,9>>LDAK@B @HD6
53.0TBDL_MG[DA6
>.>%*
_TB@ 22 Kb rdedbt yd`rs C`w`kk n`lkmkds `bal`kbm`ba rdtkrdds c`vd nmgejda tg tcks spr`wm-kbh akstrket tg sb`p up prgpdrty stkmm wktckbrd`ec ngr tcgsd wktc mgw tg lgadr`td kbeglds.
Qga`y tcdrd `rd `igut 14,5?? pdgpmd mkvkbhkb tcd _ub` akstrket, lgrd tc`b aguimd tcd tg-t`m kb 0;;?.
Iut ecd`p m`ba eglds `t ` prked.Uuiakvkskgbs kb _ub`, wcgsd pgpum`tkgb ks
ngrde`st tg dxedda Ckmgs wktckb tcd ade`ad,c`vd bg w`tdr gr sdwdr mkbds, bg puimkemynubada rg`a upjddp (`ba l`by ubp`vda
rg`as) `ba bg cgld l`km admkvdry. Ugld agbtc`vd `eedss tg dmdetrkekty.
@ mg`n gn ird`a, agetgrs vkskt gr eedss tgjdy egubty sdrvkeds gntdbtklds rdqukrds `5?-lkbutd arkvd tg Ckmg. Kbtdrbdt sdrvked kspggr (tckbj ak`m-up) tg bgbdxkstdbt. @ba tcdrd
`rd m`rhd edmmpcgbd ad`a spgts.@s _ub`s pgpum`tkgb egbtkbuds tg swdmm,tcdrd `rd lgubtkbh qudstkgbs `igut cgwluec lgrd hrgwtc tcks `rd` e`b c`bamd wktc-gut skhbknke`bt kbnr`strueturd klprgvdldbts.L`by rdskadbts `rd `msg erktke`m gn tcd p`ed gndnngrts tg aardss tcdkr bddas ba sgld s`ytcdyrd bgt hdttkbh tcdkr n`kr sc`rd gn hgvdrb-ldbt spdbakbh.
Fubd Egb`bt, C`w`kk`b _`r`aksd _`rj Gwb-drs @ssgek`tkgb prdskadbt, s`ka rdskadbts wcgmkvd kb prkv`td _ub` suiakvkskgbs rd hdttkbh
bgtckbh ngr gur egubty t`xds.Vdrg, scd s`ka. @ba tcd pdgpmd `rd fust
tkrda gn kt.Qc`ts ` egllgb rdnr`kb kb C`w`kk`b _`r`-
aksd _`rj jbgwb iy rdskadbts s C__ `ba bdkhcigrkbh suiakvkskgbs.
@ba kts gbd tc`t egubty `ba st`td gnnkek`mscgtmy aksputd.
QCD[ U@[ tcd sktu`tkgb ks n`r nrgl skl-pmd ide`usd ubmkjd lgst suiakvkskgbs, _ub`mgts wdrd eut up `ba sgma st`rtkbh kb tcd 0;4?siy advdmgpdrs wcg l`ad bg klprgvdldbts sgldtckbh tc`t wguma bgt id `mmgwda tga`y.
_uttkbh kbnr`strueturd kb suiakvkskgbs wgumaid `strgbglke`mmy dxpdbskvd `ba, gnnkek`mswgrry, sdt ` a`bhdrgus prdedadbt gn uskbhpuimke lgbdy tg klprgvd prkv`td prgpdrty. (Kb
tcd e`sd gn rg`a-p`vkbh, kt ks kmmdh`m.)Kbstd`a, tcd egubty c`s ngeusda gb klprgv-
kbh tcd qu`mkty gn mknd ngr _ub` rdskadbts wktcprgfdets gutskad tcd suiakvkskgbs. Xgrj ks sdttg idhkb sggb gb ` 4>-`erd rdhkgb`m p`rj kb tcdakstrket, bdw nkrd `ba pgmked st`tkgbs kb _`cg`
Nkbakbh tcd nubas tg klprgvd suip`r sdrvkeds kb r`pkamyhrgwkbh _ub` suiakvkskgbs ks `b gbhgkbh i`ttmd
_@YQ 0
3 IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
CD@YQ GN EC@BHD
I@A KBNY@UQYTEQTYD
M@EJU D@U[ UGMTQKGB
GXBDY-GEET_KDA CGTUKBH6
8?%LDAK@B CGTUDCGMA KBEGLD6
$54,?11*LDAK@B ^@MTD GN CGTUKBH TBKQU6
$0;;,1??*CKHC UECGGM HY@AT@QD GY CKHCDY6
33.>%*Ugureds6 T.U. Edbsus Iurd`u`ba @ldrke`b Egllubkty Uurvdysnkvd-yd`r dstkl`td *
_@CG@-
J@M@_@B@
_TB@
JD@@T-
LGTBQ@KB ^KDX
_G_TM@QKGB6
00,?>?LDAK@B @HD6
19.>TBDL_MG[DA6
>.5%*
0;4;[d`r C`w`kk`b_`r`aksd _`rj w`sdst`imkscda
058Lkmds gn rg`as kb tcdsuiakvkskgb
00,1??@pprgxkl`td pgpum`-
tkgb gn C`w`kk`b _`r`-aksd _`rj, lgrd tc`bX`kld` `ba `s luec`s J`kmu`-Jgb`
Ugured6 C`w`kk`b _`r`aksd
_`rj Gwbdrs @ssge`tkgb
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
9/36UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY
wdrd rdedbtmy eglpmdtda ba tcdrd rd sdvdr`mpm`bbda klprgvdldbts tg tcd l`kb st`td-gwbda tcgrguhcn`rd tg tcd _ub` suiakvkskgbs.
Egubty Egubekml`b Vdbag Jdrb, wcgsd aks-trket kbemuads _ub` l`uj`, Jd``u ba Hmdb-wgga, s`ka kbnr`strueturd ba sdrvkeds rdhdttkbh idttdr, iut luec lgrd smgwmy tc`b_ub` rdskadbts wguma mkjd.
Xdrd i`ske`mmy idckba rkhct bgw, cd s`ka.Xd bdda tg e`tec up wktc tcd m`st 0? yd`rs (gnhrgwtc). Kl gptklkstke tc`t kt wkmm hdt agbd.
Bddada klprgvdldbts r`bhd nrgl iddnkbh
up dldrhdbey rdspgbsd sdrvkeds tg prgvkakbh` hrgwkbh egllubkty wktc i`ske egbvdb-kdbeds, mkjd eedss tg p`rjs, cd s`ka.
Iut dvdb s tcd egubty trkds tg e`tec up,lgrd pdgpmd rd lgvkbh kb.
Bgigay e`b stgp sgldigay nrgl iuykbh
tcdsd mgts ba iukmakbh cglds, Jdrb s`ka._gpum`tkgb hrgwtc ks ubegbtrgmm`imd.
NYGL 0;43 QG 0;85 m`rhd prkv`td ad-vdmgpdrs (l`by gn tcdl pgmktke`mmy egbbdetda)hgt pdrlksskgb nrgl tcd egubty tg suiakvkadsgld 49,4?? mgts kb _ub` ba igut gbd-qu`rtdr gn tcdl bgw c`vd cgusds gb tcdl, e-egrakbh tg tcd 9?00 _ub` egllubkty pm`b.
Emd`rmy, wd rd mkvkbh wktc adekskgb nrglngur ade`ads hg, iut tcd qudstkgb ideglds,Cgw ag wd t`ejmd kt7 s`ka C`w`kk Egubty
L`ygr Ikmmy Jdbgk.Cd pgkbtda gut tc`t wckmd _ub` rdskadbts s`y
tcdy rdbt hdttkbh dbguhc ngr tcdkr t`x agmm`rs,tcgsd wcg mkvd kb gtcdr akstrkets s`y tcdy agbtsdd wcy tcdkr t`xds scguma hg tg p`redms sgma`t luec ecd`pdr r`tds prdeksdmy ide`usd tcdy
agbt c`vd kbnr`strueturd klprgvdldbts.Ugld c`vd kbstd`a suhhdstda sdttkbh up bklprgvdldbt akstrket kb tcd prkv`td suiakvk-skgbs, dssdbtk`mmy ec`rhkbh _ub` rdskadbts ndd mgbh wktc tcdkr prgpdrty t`xds tc`t wgumahg i`ej kbtg tcdkr egllubktkds. Iut tc`t kad`c`s bgt iddb ngrl`mmy nmg`tda, ba kt wgumamkjdmy id ldt wktc stknn gppgsktkgb.
_`ttk _kbtg, ec`krwgl`b gn tcd _ub` egl-lubkty advdmgpldbt pm`b egllkttdd ba rdskadbt gn tcd Ndrb @erds suiakvkskgb, s`katcdrd ks bg aguit tcd kbnr`strueturd kssuds kb
_ub` rd aknnkeumt.Cgwdvdr, scd s`ka, tcdrd ks msg wkad e-
jbgwmdahdldbt tc`t sgldtckbh bddas tg idagbd ba sggb.
Gppgsktd, C`w`kk`b _`r-`aksd _`rj rdskadbtM`rry Irgwb jddps `w`tdr e`tecldbt t`bj kbcks i`ejy`ra. Udrvkedssuec `s w`tdr gr sdwdrmkbds `ba cgld l`km ad-mkvdry `rd m`ejkbh kb_ub` suiakvkskgbs.@igvd, Adrdj Ucklkzugn Grecka M`ba Dst`tdsc`s tr`bspgrtda hr`vdm
tg rg`as kb cks suiakvk-skgb `ba t`lpda ktagwb cklsdmn.
Egbtkbuda gb bdxt p`hd
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
10/36
Ide`usd gn tcd w`y tcd suiakvkskgbs wdrderd`tda tcd advdmgpdrs wdrd bgt rdqukrdatg prgvkad `by kbnr`strueturd, scd s`ka. Kts>? yd`rs m`tdr, `ba tcd egubty ks idhkbbkbh tgrd`mkzd tc`t tcks ks bgt ` sktu`tkgb tc`t e`b egb-tkbud tg id ad`mt wktc kb tcd w`y kt c`s iddb kbtcd p`st.
QCD _TB@ UTIAK^KUKGBU ag c`vdprkv`td `ssgek`tkgbs, wckec e`b egmmdet ndds tgput tgw`ra kbnr`strueturd klprgvdldbts, suec`s p`vkbh. Iut bgt dvdrygbd p`ys up. @ba dvdbkn pdgpmd ag, kts bgt dbguhc tg egvdr tcdbddas gn hrgwkbh bulidr gn rdskadbts.
Kb C`w`kk`b _`r`aksd _`rj tcd `ssgek`tkgb ksegbst`btmy nkdmakbh eglpm`kbts nrgl rdskadbtswcg nddm tcdkr rg`a scguma id tcd bdxt ngrp`vkbh. @ c`banum c`vd hgbd `s n`r `s tg e`mmtcd Cd`mtc Adp`rtldbt `igut tcd aust jkejdaup iy vdckemds spddakbh gb tcd suist`ba`rarg`as.
Egb`bt, C__s ssgek`tkgb prdskadbt, s`kabg l`ttdr cgw luec rdskadbts eglpm`kb,tcdrd sklpmy ksbt dbguhc lgbdy tg p`vd `mmtcd rg`as kb tcd `rd`.
Qcd `ssgek`tkgbs `bbu`m ndd ks $9>9. @s gntga`y `igut 1,??? gn tcd 3,;54 mgts kb _`r`aksd_`rj `rd geeupkda, `ba `igut twg-tckras gn tcd058 lkmds gn rg`a kb C__ `rd ubp`vda.
@ ikmm kbtrgaueda tcks mdhksm`tkvd sdsskgbwguma c`vd `mmgwda C`w`kk Egubty tg sdbasgld nudm t`x agmm`rs tg rg`a l`kbtdb`bed kbtcd prkv`td suiakvkskgbs.
Jdbgk suppgrtda tcd ld`surd, s`ykbh kt w`s
`b kbbgv`tkvd sgmutkgb tg cdmp l`kbt`kb sui-st`ba`ra prkv`td suiakvkskgb rg`as tc`t `rdusda iy tcd puimke.
Qcd ikmm, cgwdvdr, aka bgt l`jd kt gut gnegllkttdd.
@lka tcd hrgwkbh em`lgr tg klprgvd kbnr`-strueturd kb _ub`, tcdrd ks `msg ` qukdt pusc-i`ej nrgl sgld wcg idmkdvd klprgvkbh tcd
`ppd`m gn tcd suiakvkskgbs iy gnndrkbh lgrdegbvdbkdbeds wkmm gbmy kbvktd lgrd hrgwtc.Qcgsd rdskadbts s`y tcdy lgvda tg _ub` tgmkvd kb ` rur`m dbvkrgbldbt, gnn tcd hrka `ba`w`y nrgl tcd ekty.
_`vkbh rg`as `ba puttkbh kb w`tdr mkbds,tcdy s`y, wkmm gbmy ar`w lgrd rdskadbts `baiuskbdssds.
Kb tcd Grecka M`ba Dst`tds suiakvkskgb, tc`tnrustr`tkgb ks pm`ykbh gut wktc ` i`ttmd gvdr nddegmmdetkgbs.
@igut 0,11? mgts kb tcd suiakvkskgb rdiukmt gut, `ba gn tcgsd, `igut >? pdredbt gngwbdrs rdhum`rmy p`y `ssgek`tkgb auds (wckec`lgubt tg $04? ` yd`r).
Qcd rdst gn tcd mgt gwbdrs, s`ka Adrdj Uck-lkzu, `b Grecka M`ba Dst`tds cgldgwbdr `ba
_ @ YQ 0 C D@Y Q GN E C@ B HD
0? IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
Ugld cglds kb tcd C`w`kk`b _`r`aksd _`rj suiakvkskgb `rd mkttmd lgrd tc`b tdlpgr`ry scdmtdrs gr culimd skbhmd-n`lkmy strue-turds. Idmgw, tcd _`r`aksd _`rj Nkrd Ut`tkgb, wckec ks st`nnda iy vgmubtddrs.
$98.>Lpprgxkl td `lgubt
C`w`kk Egubty c`sspdbt tg klprgvdkbnr`strueturd kb tcd_ub` akstrket, wckecks sddkbh r`pkapgpum`tkgb hrgwtc.Ydskadbts s`y tcdklprgvdldbts `rdbthgga dbguhc. Cdrd `rdsgld gn tcd prgfdetstcd egubty c`s nubadakb rdedbt yd`rs6
$4.01 LKMMKGB6 Bdwpm`yhrgubas ba
gtcdr klprgvdldbts`t Ks``e C`md Id`ec_`rj, `ba l`fgrklprgvdldbts tg tcdegubty p`rj kb C`w`k-k`b Id`ecds
$133,???6 Lgubt`kb^kdw hyl `eedsskikm-kty `ba p`rjkbhklprgvdldbts$34,???6 Uckpl`b_`rj, Lgubt`kb ^kdw
i`ejstgp rdpm`ed-ldbts$4.4 LKMMKGB6 Egst gn l`fgr bdw p`rj egl-pmdx kb _`cg`: pm`b-bkbh ks bgw ubadrw`y$95,???6 Egst ngr eg`t-kbh tcd rggn gn tcd gma_`cg` Nkrd Ut`tkgb,wckec w`s egbvdrtdatg sdbkgr edbtdr
lgstmy wktc agb`tdam`igr$4.0 LKMMKGB6 Bdw_`cg` pgmked st`tkgb$4.5 LKMMKGB6 Bdw_`cg` nkrd st`tkgb$5.; LKMMKGB6 L`fgrklprgvdldbts tg tcd_`cg` sgmka-w`stdtr`bsndr st`tkgb$483,???6 Jd``u Ydey-emkbh `ba Qr`bsndr
Ut`tkgb rdp`krs$0.49 LKMMKGB6 _`cg`@qu`tke Edbtdrklprgvdldbts
Ugured6 C`w`kk Egubty
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
11/36UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 00
`ssgek`tkgb trd`surdr, fust wgbt.Gb ` rdedbt `ntdrbggb, Ucklkzu argvd `
pkejup truej `t ` sb`kms p`ed `mgbh rgejy,ubp`vda rg`as kb Grecka M`ba Dst`tds. Cds`ka tcd rg`as rdhum`rmy nmgga ba idegldklp`ss`imd, adspktd mgts gn wgrj nrgl tcd `s-sgek`tkgb tg try tg l`kbt`kb tcdl.
Kn dvdrygbd p`ka kb, cd s`ka, tcd suiakvk-
skgb eguma `t md`st try tg t`ejmd tcd kbnr`-strueturd ec`mmdbhds kb ` lgrd mgbh-tdrlw`y.
@U KQ KU, `ssgek`tkgb ldlidrs spdbamgts gn tkld truejkbh kb hr`vdm tg mdvdm rg`as.Ucklkzu `mgbd spdbt $91,??? gb ` sl`mm iumm-agzdr cd usds tg e`rt hr`vdm tg rg`as `rgubatcd suiakvkskgb, tcdb t`lp kt agwb.
Dvdrygbd c`s ` st`jd kb tcks pm`ed, s`kaUcklkzu, wcg lgvda tg Grecka M`ba Dst`tdsnrgl Cgbgmumu tcrdd yd`rs `hg. @s wd hrgw`ba `s lgrd pdgpmd lgvd kb, tcd tcguhctprgedss kb tcks suiakvkskgb ks hgkbh tg c`vdtg ec`bhd.
Nuturd hrgwtc ks gb tcd lkbas gn l`bypdgpmd kb _ub`.
Ydskadbts `rd wgrrkda kb p`rtkeum`r `igutwc`t suist`ba`ra kbnr`strueturd wkmm ld`bgvdr tcd bdxt 0? yd`rs, wcdb tcd pgpum`tkgbkb _ub` ks prgfdetda tg dxedda 84,???.
Xckmd cguskbh egbstruetkgb kb tcd akstrketsmgwda egbskadr`imy aurkbh tcd degbglkeagwbturb, tcdrd `rd `mrd`ay d`rmy skhbs ktspkejkbh i`ej up `h`kb. @ba cgusd mgts rd-l`kb rdm`tkvdmy ecd`p6 Egb`bt, gn tcd C__ `s-
sgek`tkgb, s`ka `b ubklprgvda 0-`erd mgt kbtcd suiakvkskgb e`b hg ngr `s mkttmd `s $9?,???tg upw`ra gn $;?,???.
Qcd cglds kb C__ r`bhd nrgl tdlpgr`rystrueturds (tdbts ba sckppkbh egbt`kbdrs)tg culimd, skbhmd-stgry n`lkmy `nn`krs tgm`rhd, wdmm-`ppgkbtda prgpdrtkds gb tcdged`b v`muda `t lgrd tc`b $4??,???.
[gu c`vd ygur mge`ms ba ygur sbgw-ikras, s`ka C__ rdskadbt Mdklglk Ucd`rdr,wcg w`s `t cdr cgld gb ` rdedbt `ntdrbggbl`jkbh m`um`u wktc nrkdbas.
@s tcdy wgrjda, tcd nrkdbas m`uhcda `bafgjda `igut bgtckbh kb p`rtkeum`r.
Iut gb t`mj gn kbnr`strueturd bddas kb C__,tcd lgga hrdw ` mkttmd lgrd sdrkgus. Dvdry-gbd `hrdda tc`t _ub` bddas cdmp.
Ucd`rdr, 48, s`ka cdr ikhhdst egbedrb ksklprgvkbh tcd rg`as ngr egllutdrs, ngrs`ndty `ba ngr dldrhdbey `eedss. Ucd mkvdsgb b ubp`vda rg`a. Ucd msg mkvds kb ` edmm-pcgbd ad`a spgt.
Xd c`vd `mm tcdsd prgimdls ide`usd tcdkbnr`strueturd ks bgt stdppda up, scd s`ka.Fust hdttkbh gut gn cdrd ks c`ra.
@ truej rulimds `mgbh ubp`vda rg`a kb Grecka M`ba Dst`tds. Idmgw, agzdbs gn l`kmigx edbtdrs `rd se`ttdrda tcrguhcgut tcdsuiakvkskgb. Dvdrygbd c`s ` st`jd kb tcks pm`ed, s`ys rdskadbt Adrdj Ucklkzu.
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
12/3609 IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
_ @ YQ 0 C D@Y Q GN E C@ B HD
CKMG 22 Ngr bkbd yd`rs, Jdbbdtc J`pdmkdm`
c`s t`jdb tcd 565? .l. ius nrgl cks cgld kbCkmg tg cks cgtdm fgi kb X`kjgmg`, twg-cgurarkvd `w`y.
@t 49, J`pdmkdm` ks rdskhbda tg tcd hrudmkbhegllutd, ` n`et gn mknd kb ` pm`ed wcdrd fgis`rd se`red `ba gntdb nguba ` egbskadr`imdarkvd nrgl wcdrd tcd nngra`imd cguskbh ks.
Iut tc`t agdsbt ld`b tcd
kbs`bkty gn tcd egllutd ksmgst gb ckl.
@t 5604 `.l. gb ` rdedbtwddja`y, J`pdmkdm` mggjda`rguba t tcd hrgwkbh ergwagn cgtdm wgrjdrs h`tcdrda `ttcd Ckmg I`ynrgbt ius stgp bascggj cks cd`a.
Xdrd mm ldbt`m, cd s`ka.C`w`kk Egubty c`s iddb gpdr`tkbh tcd
565? `.l. nrgl Ckmg tg X`kjgmg` skbed 0;;3.
Iut kb rdedbt yd`rs, s tcd pgpum`tkgb kbC`w`kk ksm`bas _ub` akstrket c`s i`mmggbda,tcd 565? .l. ius tg X`k jgmg`s rdsgrts c`sturbda kbtg tcd lgst cd`vkmy usda rub gb tcdrgutd.
Xgrjdrs rrkvd up tg 14 lkbutds d`rmy t tcdCkmg I`ynrgbt stgp tg dbsurd tcdy sdeurd spgt gb tcd ius. Ydedbtmy tcd egubty pur-ec`sda ` aguimd-adejdr ius tg `eegllga`tdtcd rgutds ckhc rkadrsckp.
Gb `vdr`hd tcd 565? `.l. rgutd `ttr`ets`igut 89 p`ssdbhdrs, up nrgl `igut 14 nkvd
yd`rs hg. Qcd Ckmg-tg-Ugutc Jgb` ius tc`tmd`vds `t 564? `.l. ks `msg p`ejda tcdsd a`ys.
L`by ius rkadrs p`rj kb Ckmg, tcdb fulp gbtcd ius.
@igut c`mn-cgur idngrd tcd ius `rrkvda rd-
edbtmy gb ` wddja`y lgrbkbh,
rkadrs h`tcdrda ubadr tcdCkmg I`ynrgbts ius scdmtdr,iurrgwda kb tcdkr eg`ts.Ugld c`a im`bjdts gvdrtcdkr scgumadrs gr ngmada
gvdr tcdkr rls.Kb tcd p`rjkbh mgt ndw
agzdb lgrd pdgpmd w`ktda kbtcdkr e`rs, skppkbh egnndd gr trykbh
tg e`tec mkttmd smddp.@rguba 569? .l. mkbd idh`b tg ngrl gb tcd
skadw`mj. _dgpmd st`lpda tcdkr nddt tg jddpw`rl kb tcd eckmmy lgrbkbh `kr gr pm`eda id-mgbhkbhs kb mkbd tg s`vd tcdkr spgt, tcdbcd`ada i`ej tg tcd ius scdmtdr gr tcdkr e`rs.
[gur mknd ks tcd ius, s`ka Ckmg rdskadbtL`rsdm` Qdrrdkr`, 45, wcg c`s iddb e`teckbhtcd d`rmy-lgrbkbh ius ngr skx yd`rs. [guvdhgt tg ag wc`t yguvd hgt tg ag.
Em`uad E`rv`mcg, 4?, st`rtda t`jkbh tcdd`rmy X`kjgmg` ius kb tcd 0;;?s. Cd mkvds kb_ub`, sg cd egllutds igut 5? lkbutds tgCkmg dvdry lgrbkbh, wcdrd cd p`rjs cks e`r tg
e`tec tcd ius.E`rv`mcg, ` cgtdm purec`skbh `hdbt, s`ka tcd
egllutd wd`rs gb ckl. Kts fust c`ra, cds`ka.
Cdmdbd J`upd, 41, `msg gn _ub`, `hrdda iut
[GTY MKND KU QCD ITUMgbh d`rmy-lgrbkbh egllutds `rd p`kbnum bdedssktyngr pdgpmd wcg e`bbgt nngra cglds emgsdr tg tcdkr fgis
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>9.9%LDAK@B CGTUDCGMA KBEGLD6
$45,?43*LDAK@B ^@MTD GN CGTUKBH TBKQU6
$508,???*CKHC UECGGM HY@AT@QD GY CKHCDY6
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$150,???*CKHC UECGGM HY@AT@QD GY CKHCDY6
;>.9%*_G_TM@QKGB6
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-
8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
13/36UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 05
s`ka tcdrd `rd ndw `mtdrb`tkvds. U`m`rkds `t tcd
cgtdms, scd s`ka, rd eglpdtktkvd. Iut mkvkbh kbUgutc Jgc`m`, wcdrd prgpdrty prkeds rdckhcdr tc`b Ckmg gr _ub`, ks gut gn tcd quds-tkgb.
_dgpmd e`bt l`jd kt gb lkbklul-w`hdfgis kb C`w`kk, scd s`ka.
J`upd argvd tg wgrj kb X`kjgmg` ngr bkbdyd`rs iut egumabt nngra kt by mgbhdr, wktcrkskbh h`s prkeds `ba wd`r `ba td`r gb cdr e`r.
J`upd c`s iddb t`jkbh tcd ius ngr twgyd`rs.
@ba scd s`ka kb tc`t pdrkga mgbd, rkadrsckp`ppd`rs tg c`vd hrgwb.Ckmg rdskadbt Bkl`k Ykvdt, 5>, ` iggjjddpdr
ngr ` l`rjdtkbh eglp`by kb Jgb`, w`s trykbhtg nkba tcd irkhct skad tg cdr d`rmy egllutd.
Cdr e`r irgjd agwb, sg scd w`s hr`tdnum ngrtcd 564? `.l. ius tg Jgb`, wckec ks `msgp`ejda wktc wgrjdrs. Kt w`s cdr nkrst tkld t`j-kbh tcd d`rmy-lgrbkbh ius.
Ykvdt c`s tg l`jd tcd egllutd tg Jgb` gbda`y ` wddj `ba hdt tcdrd iy >65? `.l.
Qc`t gbd a`y gn arkvkbh nrgl Ckmg, scd s`ka,
egsts cdr `igut $5?. Qcd gbd-w`y n`rd gb tcdegubty ius ks $0.
@s Ykvdt emgsda cdr ulirdmm` ba prdp`rdatg ig`ra tcd Jgb` ius, scd s`ka, Qcdrds mgtgn pdgpmd cdrd.
Gppgsktd, egllutdrs,l`by cd`ada tg cgtdm
fgis, hdt tg tcd CkmgI`ynrgbt ius stgp up tg14 lkbutds d`rmy tge`tec tcd 565? `.l. iustg X`kjgmg`. Ugld iub-
amd up kb im`bjdts`h`kbst tcd egma lgrb-kbh `kr. Idmgw mdnt,Ygidrts C`w`kk wgrjdrMujd Xgbh mg`ada cksikeyemd ngr tcd trkp.
@igvd, rkadrs hdtsdttmda ngr tcdtwg-cgur trdj tgX`kjgmg`. Kts
fust c ra, s`ysEm`uad E`rv`mcggn _ub`, wcgarkvds `b `aak-tkgb`m 5? lkbutds
tg Ckmg kb gradr tge`tec tcd ius. @tmdnt, Ckmg rdskadbtJdbbdtc J`pdmkdm``ba gtcdr egl-lutdrs w`kt tgig`ra tcd 565?`.l. ius. Ugldngmjs md`vd tcdkridmgbhkbhs kb mkbdsg tcdy e`b w`kt kbtcd eglngrt gn tcdius scdmtdr grtcdkr e`rs.
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
14/36
Bulidr gn n`t`mmy kbfurda e`r geeup`bts kb C`w`kk Egubty nrgl 9??8-9?006
8??9
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_TB@ 22 @lgbh l`fgr iyw`ys kb C`w`kkEgubty, ygu e`bt hdtluec wgrsd tc`b Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a ngr c`z`ras gr egbhdstkgb.
Jd``u-_`cg`, msg jbgwb `s Ckhcw`y 05?, kstcdl`kb ar`h kb ba gut gn tcd n`stdst-hrgwkbhpgrtkgb gn tcd _ub` akstrket.
@ba gvdr tcd m`st ade`ad, pgpum`tkgbhrgwtc c`s gvdrwcdmlda tcd twg-m`bd, ubak-vkada rgutd, erd`tkbh hrkamgej `ba pusckbh up`eekadbt r`tds t sdvdr`m kbtdrsdetkgbs.
Qcd ckhcw`y c`s sgld gn tcd lgst a`bhdr-gus kbtdrsdetkgbs kb tcd st`td. Jd``u-_`cg`Yg`a ks nd`turda prglkbdbtmy gb ` mkst gn kbtdr-sdetkgbs gb st`td-gwbda tcgrguhcn`rds wktcbkbd gr lgrd er`scds nrgl9??8 tg 9??;, tcdlgst rdedbt a`t` v`km`imd.
Kb n`et, Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a c`s tcd tgp nkvdsmgts gb tc`t mkst,ld`bkbh kts kbtdrsdetkgbsc`vd tcd nkvd ckhcdst eekadbt r`tds gn byst`td tcgrguhcn`rd gb C`w`kkksm`ba.
Ut`td nkhurds scgw tcdrd wdrd ` st`hhdrkbh049 l`fgr `eekadbts t tcd nkvd wgrst kbtdrsde-tkgbs gb Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a aurkbh tcd tcrdd-yd`r pdrkga.
QCD CKHCX@[ c`s bg stgpmkhcts bamklktdaldrhd m`bds.
Qcd kbnmux gn tr`nnke s pdgpmd lgvd kbtg tcdakstrket c`s msg erd`tda iulpdr-tg-iulpdrtr`nnke6 @eedss tg _ub`sl`fgr suiakvkskgbs
Jd``u-_ cg` Yg`a ks igtc ub`vgka`imd `ba ` bkhctl`rdngr arkvdrs, wcg dbaurd tr`nnke `ba tcd tcrd`t gn `eekadbts
_ @ YQ 0 C D@Y Q GN E C@ B HD
Xd c`vd gbd
w`y kb `ba gut
gn _ub`. Kn wd
c`vd ` tka`m
w`vd, kn wd
c`vd ` vgme`bke
druptkgb,
tcdrds bg w`ygut gn cdrd.
_ckm L`tm`hdC w kk b _`r aksd
`rj rdskadbt
01 IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
Ckhcw`y ks rknd wktc c`z`rasCKMG
L@_ @YD@
Ldlgrk`ms mkbdJd``u-_`cg` Yg`a,`msg e`mmda Ckhc-
w`y 05?, wckec ksgbd gn tcd st`tdslgst a`bhdrgustcgrguhcn`rds.
-
8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
15/36
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a
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Qcd nkvd wgrst kbtdrsdetkgb er`scmge`tkgbs nrgl 9??8 tg 9??; wdrd`mgbh Ckhcw`y 05?6
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
Gma Hgvdrbldbt Yg`a
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
@kb`mg` Igumdv`ra
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
L`juu Arkvd
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
_`r`aksd Arkvd
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
J`c`j`k Igumdv`ra
Ju`jkbk Ckhcw`y/
M`jg Utrddt
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
Greckam`ba Arkvd
Puddb J``cul`bu Ckhcw`y/
L`ub` M`bk Arkvd
^gme`bg Yg`a/
B. Jum`bk Yg`a & U. Jum`bk Yg`a
J`w`kc`d Yg`a/
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Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
10
50Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
Gma Hgvdrbldbt Yg`a
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
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Greckam`ba Arkvd
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
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J`c`j`k Igumdv`ra
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Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a/
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UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 04
kbemuakbh tcd m`rhdst, C`w`kk b _`r`aksd_`rj kslgstmy gb Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a.
Gb vdr`hd, 54,8?? e`rs tr`vdm a`kmy gbtcd rg`aw`y, eegrakbh tg 9??; egubtegbauetda iy tcd st`td Adp`rtldbt gnQr`bspgrt`tkgb, msg tcdlgst rdedbt a`t``v km`imd.
Kb 0;;;, tcd tgt`m w`s 05,???.C`w`kkEgubty Egubekml`b Vdbag Jdrb,
wcg hrdw up kb _ub` ba wcgsd akstrket kb-emuads _ub` l`uj`, Jd``u ba Hmdbwgga,s ka tcd tr`nnke ba ckhc r`td gn eekadbts gbJd``u-_`cg` Yg`a rd lgbh tcd ikhhdstqu`mkty-gn-mknd ba puimke-s`ndty kssuds ngr_ub` rdskadbts.
Kt ks cuhd, cd s`ka. Xcdb dvdrygbd kshgkbh cgld kb tcd dvdbkbh tkld, tr`nnkei`ejs up. @ arkvd tc`t wguma t`jd 0? lkb-utds t`jds 14.
@ba vgkakbh tcd iyw`y ks bgt ecgked.
Qg hdt tg wgrj gr secggm, tg hg tg tcdstgrd, tg hg tg Ckmg gr _`cg` gr gtcdr bdkhc-igrkbh tgwbs, rdqukrds trkp gb Jd``u-_`-cg` Yg`a.
Qc`ts gur l`kb eedss rg`a. Qc`ts mmwdvd hgt, s`ka _ub` rdskadbt _ckm L`tm`hd,wcg mkvds kb tcd C`w`kk b _`r`aksd _`rjsuiakvkskgb. Xd c`vd gbd w`y kb ba gut gn_ub`. Kn wd c`vd tka`m w`vd, kn wd c`vd vgme`bke druptkgb, tcdrds bg w`y gut gncdrd.
Xckmd dnngrts rd ubadr w`y tg rdmkdvd tcd
sktu`tkgb, mgbh-tdrlsgmutkgb wkmm idegstmy.
Qcd st`td Adp`rtldbt gn Qr`bspgrt`tkgbw`bts tg dvdbtu`mmy egbvdrt Jd``u-_`cg`Yg`a kbtg ngur-m`bd ckhcw`y wktc stgp-mkhcts t kbtdrsdetkgbs. Iut aakbh m`bd kbd`ec akrdetkgb mgbh tcd 9?-lkmd strdtecwguma egst b dstkl`tda $05? lkmmkgb, batcdrd rd bg klldak`td pm`bs tg kbemuadtc`t kb tcd adp`rtldbts e`pkt`m klprgvd-ldbts pm`b.
AGQ spgjdswgl`b E`rgmkbd Umuytdr s`katcd adp`rtldbt c`s iddb wgrjkbh gbsl`mmdr nkxds klda t klprgvkbh s`ndty gbtcd rg`aw`y ba kberd`skbh kts e`p`ekty.
Qcgsd kbemuad egbvdrtkbh sgutc- babgrtciguba scgumadr m`bds kbtg arkv`imdgbds, kbst`mmkbh rguba`igut t tcd kbtdr-sdetkgb wktc Gma Hgvdrbldbt Yg`a, wckecc`a tcd ckhcdst eekadbt r`td, ba wkadbkbhtcd iunndr zgbds idtwddb tr`nnke `bapdadstrk`b w`mjw`ys.
@MUG, UQ@YQKBH KB L@[, tcdst`td wkmm rdaued tcd spdda mklkt mgbh pgr-tkgb gn tcd ckhcw`y tg 14 lpc nrgl44lpc.
L`tm`hd s`ka Jd``u-_`cg` Yg`a ks jbgwb`lgbh rdskadbts s tcd nmgwdr lgbuldbtckhcw`y.
@t dvdry skbhmd kbtdrsdetkgb, tcdrd rd
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
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UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 08
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%8.4Eckmardb `hd 08 `ba ygubhdr wktcgut cd`mtc kbsur`bed
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Ged`b ^kdwrdskadbt H`ryUec`uwdjdrmg`as up gbpgt`imd w`tdrnrgl ` spkhgt`t tcd egllu-
bkty wdmm, ` $>lkmmkgb `aak-tkgb tg tcd sui-akvkskgb `s kt`a`pts tg ktshrgwkbh pgpu-m`tkgb.
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C@X@KK@B GED@B KDX DUQ@QDU
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Iut tcd b`tkgbs m`rhdst suiakvkskgb kb tdrlsgn skzd wktc 00,??? 0-`erd mgts c`s hgbdtcrguhc ` adekada tr`bsngrl`tkgb gvdr tcd
m`st twg ade`ads.Qga`y, `igut >,??? pdgpmd mkvd kb `mm gn
Ged`b kdw, lgst kb tcd suiakvkskgb auiidaCG^D (rcylds wktc egvd). Qc`ts up nrglmdss tc`b 0,??? kb 0;;?.
Kb tcd m`st ade`ad dspdek`mmy, l`by ks-m`badrs `ba l`kbm`badrs c`vd lkhr`tda cdrdide`usd gn tcd nngra`ikmkty gn m`ba b erde`b hg ngr `s mkttmd `s $4,??? tg $0?,???, ad-pdbakbh gb wcdrd kt ks kb tcd suiakvkskgb.
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n`rldrs l`rjdts. Qcd egllubkty edbtdr gnndrs` prdsecggm `ba squ`rd-a`bekbh em`ssds.
Xktc tcd suiakvkskgbs hrgwtc c`s egldbdw egbvdbkdbeds, tgg. M`st yd`r, tcd egubtygpdbda ` $> lkmmkgb wdmm kb CG^D, wcdrd pdg-
pmd e`b pulp pgt`imd w`tdr. Gbd a`y ` wddj,tr`sc ks `eedptda `t ` egllubkty tr`bsndr st`-tkgb.
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Gb ` rdedbt U`tura`y, H`mm`hcdr, ` pdtktdwgl`b wktc scgrt-ergppda c`kr, w`s sdmmkbh
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Ucd s`ka CG^D `ba, iy dxtdbskgb, Ged`b^kdw c`s advdmgpda kbtg ` aknndrdbt egl-
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Qcd p`redms gn m`ba kbGed`b ^kdw `rd `ppd`mkbhngr tcdkr ecd`p prkeds, `batcdy `ttr`et ` wkad v`rkdtygn gwbdrs. Ugld pdgpmdecggsd tg md`vd tcdkr mgtslkbkl`mmy geeupkda, wktcmkttmd lgrd tc`b v`bs grtdlpgr`ry strueturds.
lubkty.Xd hdt mm jkbas, ba kts bgt ngr dvdrygbd,
scd s`ka, aakbh tc`t l`by pdgpmd, dspdek`mmyl`kbm`badrs, lgvd kb gbmy tg md`vd wktckb tcdyd`r ide`usd gn tcd ruhhda mkndstymd gr tcdbdkhcigrs. _dgpmd wcg agbt nkt kb bywcdrddmsd nkt kb cdrd.
QCDNQ @BA AYTHU `rd stkmm prgimdls,
tgg, s ks tcd prdpgbadr`bed gn `mtdrb`tkvd gntdb ubpdrlkttda strueturds. CG^Ds`ssgek`tkgb dstkl`tds tc`t t md`st c`mn gncglds iukmt kb tcd suiakvkskgb agbt c`vd pdr-lkts: n`kr bulidr gn rdskadbts mkvd kb tdbts,
sckppkbh egbt`kbdrs, sc`ejs gr yurts. Gbdwgl`b dvdb mkvds kb m`v` tuid.
Iut 9? yd`rs hg, bg gbd kl`hkbda tc`tCG^D wguma id c`vkbh sp`hcdttk-akbbdrnubar`ksdrs tg cdmp p`y ngr jkas prghr`ls grtc`t rdskadbts wguma id h`tcdrkbh gb wddj-dbas tg iuy prgaued ba cgusdcgma hggasnrgl gbd bgtcdr ba ag sgld bdkhcigrmye`teckbh-up.
Qcd tckbh tc`t ttr`ets dvdryigay kb tcdidhkbbkbh ks kts ecd`p, s`ka Adbbks Ulktc, 8?,wcg rubs tcd Ged`b kdw n`rldrs l`rjdt.Iut wd c`vd hgga egllubkty, kts mkjd n`lkmy.
@t tcd l`rjdt, Ulktc stgga bd`r t`imd wktcp`lpcmdts igut tcd J`u akstrket, ba `igutGed`b kdw. Cd ejbgwmdahda tcdrd rd stkmmsgld i`a dmdldbts kb tcd egllubkty, batcdrd rd stkmm pdgpmd wcg w`bt tg id mdnt`mgbd.
Xd stkmm c`vd gur sc`rd gn prgimdls, bawdrd wddakbh tcdl gut s n`st s wd e`b, cds`ka. Xdrd jkba gn hrgwb up. Xdvd c`a tg
nkhct gur w`y tcrguhc tcd tckdvds.Qcd ec`bhds sddb kb Ged`b kdw rd p`rt gn
tcd ikhhdr stgry gn pgpum`tkgb hrgwtc gb
Egbtkbuda gb bdxt p`hd
UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 0
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C`w`kk ksm`ba. Kberd`skbhmy, pdgpmd mggjkbh ngr` m`ba i`rh`kb rd sb`ppkbh up ubklprgvdap`redms kb suiakvkskgbs erd`tda kb rur`m rd`sade`ads `hg.
Qcd n`stdst-hrgwkbh `rd` gn C`w`kk ksm`ba kstcd dxp`bskvd _ub` akstrket, wcdrd adspktd` m`ej gn kbnr`strueturd kb suiakvkskgbs tcd
pgpum`tkgb c`s lgrd tc`b aguimda skbed 0;;?`ba ks ngrde`st tg tgp Ckmgs idngrd tcd dba gntcd ade`ad.
Qcd hrgwtc kb Ged`b kdw ks gntdb egl-p`rda tg wc`t c`s iddb sddb kb _ub`, gbmy gb` sl`mmdr se`md.
Fust mkjd kb _ub`, tcd kbnmux gn pdgpmd kbGed`b kdw ks ec`bhkbh egllubkty ba m`base`pd, erd`tkbh tcd bdda ngr klprgvda kb-nr`strueturd ba sdrvkeds, ba r`kskbh quds-tkgbs igut cgw luec hrgwtc ks tgg luec.
Egubty Egubekmwgl`b Irdba` Ngra, wcgsd
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Kts e`mlda agwb quktd ikt, scd s`ka. Ktsbg mgbhdr tcd wkma, wkma wdst.
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@eedsskbh lgst egubty sdrvkeds, ld`b-wckmd, rdqukrds arkvkbh twg cgurs tg Jgb` grCkmg. Qc`ts p`rtkeum`rmy gbdrgus iuradb gb
l`by wcg mkvd kb Ged`b kdw, wcdrd tcd ld-ak`b kbegld gn ` n`lkmy kb 9?00 w`s $14,???,eglp`rda tg $>4,??? ngr C`w`kk Egubty, `e-egrakbh tg T.U. Edbsus nkhurds.
_`redms kb CG^D `ba sdvdr`m gtcdr Ged`b^kdw suiakvkskgbs, kbemuakbh C`w`kk`b Y`b-ecgs ba Jgb` H`radb Dst`tds, st`rtda hgkbhgb tcd l`rjdt kb tcd 0;4?s.
Kb Ged`b kdw, `s kb _ub`, m`rhd advdmgpdrshgt pdrlksskgb tg suiakvkad cuhd p`redms gnubadvdmgpda m`ba, sdmmkbh tcd kbakvkau`m ubkl-prgvda mgts tg pdgpmd nrgl rguba tcd wgrma.
Qga`y, igut 0,5?? mgts kb CG^D rd gnnk-ek`mmy geeupkda, wckec agdsbt egubt p`redmswcdrd pdgpmd rd mkvkbh kb v`bs, tdbts gr gtcdrtdlpgr`ry strueturds.
Qcd suiakvkskgb, l`uj` gn tcd ckhcw`y, id-
Qgp, Adbbks Ulktc irgwsds ` akspm`y `t tcd Ged`b ^kdw n`rldrs l`rjdt. Qcd tckbhtc`t `ttr`ets dvdryigay kb tcd idhkbbkbh ks kts ecd`p, Ulktc s`ys gn tcd `rd`. Iutwd c`vd hgga egllubkty, kts mkjd n`lkmy. @igvd, tr`sc ks egmmdetda wddjmy t egllubkty tr`bsndr st`tkgb. Ydskadbts e`b w`kt kb mkbd ngr up tg `b cgur kb gradr tgakspgsd gn tcdkr h`ri`hd.
9? IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
-
8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
21/36
Qgp, Adbbks Ulktc rubs tcd Ged`b ^kdw n`rldrs l`rjdt. Lkaamd, Cdmdbd C`rt,wcg lgvda tg Ged`b ^kdw sdvdb yd`rs `hg, sdmms id`bkds scd jbkts cdrsdmn.@igvd, Hdbby H`mmdtds w`s `t tcd l`rjdt wktc ` hr`baa`uhctdr, sdmmkbh ktdls `s` nubar`ksdr ngr ` sulldr prghr`l ngr jkas. @mm gn cdr eckmardb wdrd r`ksda kbGed`b ^kdw `ba c`vd st`yda kb tcd egllubkty.
hkbs t igut 9,??? nddt igvd sd` mdvdm, wcdrdgck` ngrdsts prgvkad b`tur`m e`bgpy. Qcdckhcdst mgts kb tcd suiakvkskgb rd t `igut4,??? nddt igvd sd` mdvdm. _rghrdsskbh up tcdsuiakvkskgb, tcd trdds hkvd w`y tg i`rrdb m`v`-rgej mgts st`rj rdlkbadr tc`t CG^D ks gbL`ub` Mg`s sgutcwdst rknt zgbd, m`v` zgbd
9. (@ zgbd 0 rd` c`s tcd hrd`tdst c`z`ra).@t tcd uppdr dmdv`tkgbs, vkrtu`m lggb-
se`pd, tcd kr ks eckmmy lgst a`ys, tdlpdr`-turds rd kb tcd >?s, tcguhc tcdy e`b akpidmgw nrddzkbh t bkhct aurkbh tcd wkbtdr.
F`ej L`rx, >>, mkvds bd`r tcd tgp gn tcd sui-akvkskgb, kb sdvdb-idarggl cgusd cd iukmtcklsdmn. Kts qu`kbt @-nr`ld, p`kbtda edm`agb`ba mkld, tc`t stkejs gut egbspkeugusmy kb tcdtrddmdss m`base`pd.
L`rx lgvda tg Ged`b kdw kb 0;;4, ba,mkjd lgst rdskadbts kb tcd suiakvkskgb, cd mkvds
gnn tcd hrka6 Cd usds sgm`r pgwdr ngr lgst gncks dbdrhy bddas, c`s hdbdr`tgrs ngr i`ejup,`ba e`tecds cks gwb arkbjkbh w`tdr gr c`s kttruejda kb.
Cd s`ka CG^D c`s aknndrdbt p`ed, ba gn-ndrs aknndrdbt mkndstymd.
Kts tguhcdr tg mkvd gut cdrd, cd `aada.Qcdrd rd rguhc pdgpmd.
Xcdb sjda wcy cd st`ys, cd wdbt tg cksm`b`k, wcdrd cd pgkbtda tg cks vkdw gn 91 lkmdsgn J`u eg`stmkbd.
Cd aada, wktc m`uhc, Kl fust bgt er`zy`igut mkvkbh rguba tgg l`by pdgpmd.
Hdbby H`mmdtds, 49, lgvda tg Ged`b kdw 9?yd`rs hg wktc cdr cusi`ba ba ngur gn cdreckmardb.
Kt w`s vdry sp`rsd, vdry wkma, scd s`ka,m`uhckbh.
Cdr ngur eckmardb ba tcrdd lgrd wcge`ld mgbh wdrd r`ksda kb Ged`b kdw ba`mm gn tcdl c`vd st`yda.
H@MMDQDU XDBQ tg tcd n`rldrs l`r-
jdt gb rdedbt U`tura`y lgrbkbh wktc gbd gncdr hr`baa`uhctdrs. Qcd twg wdrd sdmmkbhnr`lda pcgtgs gn C`w`kk sedbds ba ngmk`hd s` nubar`ksdr ngr sulldr prghr`l ngr jkas.
H`mmdtds, cdr eurmy c`kr iruscda i`ej nrglcdr n`ed, s`ka wcdb scd lgvda kbtg Ged`b^kdw, tcd rg`as wdrdbt p`vda (`s tcdy rdbgw) ba tcdrd wdrd bg strddt skhbs.
Kt t`jds edrt`kb jkba gn pdrsgb tg mkvdcdrd, scd s`ka.
H`mmdtds aada scds wdmm w`rd gn Ged`b^kdws tguhc rdput`tkgb, iut c`s bdvdr db-
egubtdrda by prgimdls. [gu rdspdet d`ecgtcdr, ygu hdt rdspdetda i`ej, scd s`ka.Dvdrygbd jbgws tg id w`rd, tc`ts `mm.
Egbtkbuda gb bdxt p`hd
UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 90
$45,4;0C@X@KK EGTBQ[
LDAK@B KBEGLD
Ldak`b kbegld
M`ej eglpmdtdpmulikbh n`ekmktkds
$15,;0?GED@B ^KDX LDAK@B KBEGLD
;.3%
M`ej
eglpmdtdjktecdbn`ekmktkds
4.8%
Bg tdmdpcgbdsdrvked
8.>%
0;5;
grd`rmkdr
0;1?-0;1;
0;4?-0;4;
0;>?-0;>;
0;8?-0;8;
0;3?-0;3;
0;;?-0;;;
9???-9??1
9??4
grm`tdr
9.0%
0.4%
9.?%
0.5%
3.4%
99.3% 5
5.4%
08.4%
0?.;%
[d`r cguskbh ubkts iukmt
MK^KBH KB GED@B KDX
Ugured6 T.U. Edbsus Iurd`u
_ @ YQ 9 @ BDX @QQ KQT A D
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8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
22/36
Ucd `aada tcdrd `rd stkmm ` n`kr bulidr gnec`r`etdrs kb Ged`b ^kdw. Qcdyrd `mm stkmmcdrd, scd s`ka.
Gbd gn tcgsd ec`r`etdrs ks ubaguitdamy U`-vgry [`rrgw, 4;, wcg e`mms cklsdmn `b gma ckp-pkd. Hdttkbh w`tdr t tcd egubty pulpst`tkgb, cd w`s ardssda kb tkhct sckrt bafd`bs ba egwigy c`t. Cks rda c`kr n`mms p`stcks scgumadrs.
[@YYGX C@U MK^DA kb Ged`b ^kdwngr dkhct yd`rs `ba s`ka cd lgvda cdrd id-e`usd tcdrds lgrd nrddagl pdr e`pkt`.
Kt idbdnkts dvdryigay tc`t tcdrd id pm`edtc`t ks m`rhdmy ubrdhum`tda ba ubgisdrvda iytcd systdl, cd s`ka wktc ar`wm. K e`b hg kbly i`ejy`ra `ba st`ba b`jda. K e`b c`vd `
igbnkrd ba rub swd`t mgahd. K fust ag wc`t-dvdr K nddm mkjd.I`ej t tcd tgp gn tcd suiakvkskgb, 43-yd`r-
gma Utdvdb Ugrdb s`t gb m`wb ec`kr kb nrgbt gn` scda cd iukmt tg mkvd kb.
Ugrdb lgvda kb skx lgbtcs `hg, `ntdr nkrst
mkvkbh kb Jgb`, `ba s`ka cd dvdbtu`mmy pm`bs tgiukma ` cgld gb cks `erd gn m`ba.
Ngr bgw, cd ks dbfgykbh cklsdmn kb ` pm`edwcdrd ` a`y e`b hg iy wktcgut sddkbh `p`ssdr-iy ba wcdrd, t bkhct, tcd st`rs gvdr-cd`a rd ubklpdada iy ekty mkhcts. Cks scda,`igut > nddt wkad ba 3 nddt mgbh, c`s egt ngr` ida, sl`mm iggjscdmn, pketurds gn C`w`kk`bvkst`s gb tcd pmywgga w`mms ba ` jktecdb tcdskzd gn tdmdpcgbd iggtc, wktc skbj ba cgt pm`td.
Cd usds ` sgm`r scgwdr ` i`h nkmmda wktcw`tdr ba cd`tda iy tcd sub tc`ts cggjdatg tcd gutskad gn cks tkby cgld.
Ugrdb w`s ` truej arkvdr kb Ud`ttmd idngrdt`jkbh `b d`rmy rdtkrdldbt tg lgvd tg Ged`b^kdw. Kl hgkbh tg l`jd tcks ly igad, cds`ka.
_DYC@_U BDDAMDUU tg s`y, dbngre-kbh pdrlkttkbh rdhum`tkgbs ks tguhc fgi kbGed`b ^kdw.
X`rrdb Mdd, akrdetgr gn tcd C`w`kk EgubtyAdp`rtldbt gn _uimke Xgrjs, s`ka cks gnnked kseglpm`kbt-arkvdb kb CG^D ide`usd tcdrd ks sgluec m`ba tg egvdr. Qcdrd `rd `igut >? `etkvde`sds kb tcd suiakvkskgb, cd s`ka, lgst rdm`tdatg iukmakbh wktcgut pdrlkt.
Qcd adp`rtldbt c`s `msg rdedkvda buldr-gus eglpm`kbts igut m`rhd dbe`lpldbts gn
pdgpmd mkvkbh kb squ`mka egbaktkgbs gb mgts.CG^Ds ssgek`tkgb dstkl`tds tcdrd rd tmd`st agzdb suec dbe`lpldbts: gbd c`s bdstkl`tda 3? pdgpmd mkvkbh kb tdbts, sc`ejs `bae`rs gb ` 0-`erd mgt.
@t `bgtcdr dbe`lpldbt gb ` rdedbt lgrb-kbh, tcdrd wdrd `igut 9? pdgpmd lummkbh`rguba, l`by gn tcdl wgldb `ba eckmardbd`tkbh gr wgrjkbh ubadr tcd sc`ad gn l`jdscknt h`zdig. @igut agzdb e`rs batruejs wdrd p`rjda gb tcd mgt, ba sgld gntcdl mggjda mkjd tcdy wdrd idkbh mkvda kb.Qcdrd wdrd `msg ` c`mn-agzdb pmywgga sc`ejs,`ba ruhs egvdrkbh m`rhd p`tecds gn akrt.
Bg gbd t tcd dbe`lpldbt wguma egl-ldbt.
@t cks cgld bd`riy, F`ej Uuhrud, >>, mg`adacgusdcgma tr`sc kbtg v`b wktc cks sgb tgt`jd tg tcd egllubktys gbd-a`y-`-wddj tr`bs-ndr st`tkgb.
CG^D ks t tcd mgw dba gn tcd rd`m dst`tdl`rjdt, cd s`ka, sg tcdrd `rd iguba tg id `ndw prgimdls.
Qcd lgrd hgga pdgpmd tc`t lgvd kb, tcdidttdr, s`ka Uuhrud, e`sckdr t Qdsgrg h`sst`tkgb kb Jgb` wcg c`s mkvda kb Ged`b kdwngr 05 yd`rs. Dvdry yd`r tcdrds ` hrd`tdr pdr-edbt`hd gn hgga pdgpmd.
I`ej `t tcd U`tura`y n`rldrs l`rjdt, wcdrd
Qcdrds fust `qukdtbdss cdrd.
[gu e`b
ird`tcd. Qcd
aruhhkds h`vd
tcks pm`ed ` i`a
b`ld. Iut kts
turbkbh kbtg `
vdry hggaegllubkty.
Cdmdbd C`rtGed`b ^kdw rdskadbt
Ugld Ged`b ^kdw prgpdrtkds `rdkb aks`rr`y, iut tcdkr gwbdrs s`ytcdy prdndr idkbh `imd tg mkvd `rustke, ublgbktgrda mkndstymd.
99 IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
-
8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
23/36
rdskadbts sdmm dvdrytckbh nrgl fdmmkds tg jbkvdstg I`rikds, Qdss` Xkrtz ba cdr cusi`ba, Da,tggj gradrs ngr c`liurhdr pm`tds lgubadackhc wktc nrdscmy-eut nrkds.
@s scd nkmmda b gradr, Xkrtz m`uhcda t tcdsuhhdstkgb tc`t Ged`b kdw c`s i`a rdput`-tkgb.
K nddm kts ` hrgwkbh, up-`ba-eglkbh egl-lubkty, s`ka tcd 93-yd`r-gma, wcg wgrjs ngr
_`eknke Pudst, tcdr`pdutke wkmadrbdss prg-hr`l.
Cdr cusi`ba, ` pmulidr, s`ka Ged`b ^kdwgnndrs prkv`ey ba cuhd mgt ngr mdss tc`b`bywcdrd dmsd gb tcd ksm`ba.
_mus, cd aada, kts hgt ` sl`mm-tgwb nddm.Dvdryigay jbgws dvdryigay, cd s`ka.
Bd`riy, Cdmdbd C`rt, >4, w`s sdmmkbh id`bkdstc`t scd jbkts cdrsdmn. Ucd agds prdtty hggaiuskbdss dspdek`mmy gb ` eckmmy lgrbkbh.
C`rt lgvda tg Ged`b ^kdw sdvdb yd`rs `hg,
`ba s`ka scd e`bt kl`hkbd mkvkbh `bywcdrddmsd.Qcdrds fust qukdtbdss cdrd. [gu e`b
ird`tcd, scd s`ka. Qcd aruhhkds h`vd tckspm`ed i`a b`ld. Iut kts turbkbh kbtg vdryhgga egllubkty.
@igvd, F`ej L`rx, wcglgvda tg Ged`b ^kdwkb 0;;4, mkvds gnn tcdhrka kb ` sdvdb-ida-rggl cgusd cd iukmtcklsdmn. Gbd gn tcdpdrjs gn cks cgld, cds`ys, ks cks dxp`bskvdvkdw gn tcd J`u eg`st-mkbd. @t mdnt, UtdvdbUgrdb egbstruetda tcd>-nggt-iy-3-nggt scda gbcks `erd gn m`ba tc`t cde`mms cgld. Cd lgvdacdrd skx lgbtcs `hg.
UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 95
_ @ YQ 9 @ BDX @QQ KQT A D
-
8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
24/36
_@C@M@ 22 Xcdb tckbjkbh `igut tcd nuturdgn tcks tgwb, rdskadbts s`y, kts klpgrt`bt tgnkrst egbskadr kts p`st. Kb p`rtkeum`r, tg egb-skadr tcd yd`r dvdrytckbh ec`bhda.
Kb 0;;>, C`w`kk ksm`bas m`st suh`r pm`bt`tkgbemgsda cdrd, dbakbh ` w`y gn mknd ngr ` tgwbtc`t rdvgmvda `mlgst dxemuskvdmy `rguba tcdkbaustry.
L`by n`lkmkds c`a tg lgvd dmsdwcdrd ngrwgrj. Qcgsd wcg st`yda idckba struhhmda.
Dvdrygbd wdbt tcdkr gwb w`ys, s`kaQcgl`s Iumm J`kmk`w`, 1;, wcg wgrjda `t tcdsuh`r lkmm ngr 09 yd`rs idngrd kt scuttdrda.
_dgpmd cdrd stkmm rde`mm tcd a`y suh`r akdawktc td`rs kb tcdkr dyds `ba s`y _`c`m` ksstkmm trykbh tg nkba kts nggtkbh, 08 yd`rs m`tdr.
_`c`m` ks gbd gn ` c`banum gn egllubktkdsgb tcd ksm`ba tc`t s`w ` pgpum`tkgb ademkbdnrgl 9??? tg 9?0?, `eegrakbh tg T.U. Edbsusdstkl`tds. Qga`y `igut 0,5>? pdgpmd e`mm ktcgld.
Lgst pm`eds gb tcd ksm`ba, kb egbtr`st, s`w
st`hhdrkbh pgpum`tkgb hrgwtc gvdr tcd pdrkga.Iut _`c`m` rdskadbts irkstmd `t tcd suhhds-
tkgb tc`t tcdkr tgwb ks aykbh, `ba tcdyrd adtdr-lkbda tg rdl`jd kt gb tcdkr gwb tdrls.
Mggj t wc`t wd c`vd cdrd, Mybb C`lkm-tgb s`ka s scd s`t wktc nrkdbas gb rdedbt
wddjdba, pketurds gn gma _`c`m` strdwb `ergsscdr akbkbh-rggl t`imd. Xd c`vd ` rd`m vkmm`hd.Xd c`vd ` tgwb tc`t ks ubkqud, `ba wd c`vd `pdgpmd wcg `rd stkmm cdrd. Qcks tgwb, tcdsdpdgpmd, `rd v`mu`imd.
Qcdrd `rd sgld pgsktkvd skhbs ngr tcd tgwb.J`u egnndd, bgw rdeghbkzda `s `lgbh tcd idstkb tcd wgrma, c`s irguhct luec-bddada `ttdb-tkgb `ba degbglke gppgrtubkty tg _`c`m`.
J`kmk`w` bgw hrgws egnndd gb 8.4 `erds gn
md`sda m`ba igvd _`c`m`, arkds kt kb cks y`ra`ba sdmms kt s igutkqud rg`st.Dvdryigay rkhct bgw, tcdyrd hrgwkbh egn-
ndd, J`kmk`w` s`ka `s cd r`jda egnndd id`bsi`ej `ba ngrtc `mgbh mgbh arykbh r`ejs.
Qcd tgwb ks `msg cgld tg sdvdr`m m`rhd `ba hrgwkbh l`e`a`lk` but `ba gtcdrn`rls. @ba tcdrd ks t`mj gn puttkbh ` ikgnudm rd-nkbdry `igvd _`c`m` (`b kad` bgt ubkngrlmywdmeglda iy rdskadbts).
Fumk` Bd`m, puimkscdr `ba daktgr gn tcd J`uE`mdba`r, mkvds kb _`c`m` `ba s`ka rdkbvdbtkbh
tcd tgwb wgbt ld`b puttkbh kb hmktzy tgurkstcgt spgts gr td`rkbh agwb tcd pm`bt`tkgb-dr`strueturds tc`t `rd suec `b kbtdhr`m p`rt gn _`-c`m`s ckstgry.
Ydskadbts, scd s`ka, `rdbt kbtdrdstda kbec`bhkbh tcd ec`r`etdr gn tcd pm`ed gr gn
sddkbh prgpdrty prkeds sjyrgejdt._dgpmd `rd trykbh tg egld i`ej, scd s`ka,
ide`usd hudss wcdrd tcd nkrdl`b e`b `nngra `cgusd7
_@C@M@ YDUKADBQU, scd s`ka, w`bttg cgbgr tcdkr cdrkt`hd `ba dbsurd tcdkr eckm-ardb `ba hr`baeckmardb c`vd ` cgld.
Qc`t arkvd tg prdsdrvd tcd p`st ks dvkadbt kbtcd wgrj gn ` hrgup gn _`c`m` wgldb wcg
cgpd tg turb tcd gmadst pm`bt`tkgb cgld stkmmst`bakbh kb _`c`m` kbtg ` mkvkbh lusdul `bavksktgrs edbtdr.
Qcdyvd hgt quktd ` fgi `cd`a gn tcdl.Qcd cgld ks v`e`bt, `ba wckmd kts nguba`-
tkgb `ppd`rs struetur`mmy sguba, fust `igutdvdrytckbh dmsd bddas tg id rdpm`eda gr rdnur-ikscda. Qcdrd `rd h`pkbh cgmds kb tcd wgganmggrkbh, lksskbh wkbagws, tdrlktd-d`tdbid`ls.
Qcd wgldb, wcg kbemuad C`lkmtgb, agbtsddl gvdrmy a`ubtda, tcguhc.
Qcdy s`y _`c`m` wkmm egld tcrguhc ngrtcdl, hkvkbh tcdl wc`tdvdr tcd mkttmd cgusdbddas tg mkvd `bgtcdr mknd.
H`km J`m`bk, wcg w`s igrb `ba r`ksda kb _`-c`m`, s`ka rdbgv`tkbh tcd tgwbs gmadst pm`bt`-tkgb cgusd ks ` sl`mm w`y tg sdba ` ikh
91 IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
MKND @NQDY UTH@YEgnndd `ba gtcdr ergps c`vd cdmpda jddp _`c`m` `nmg`t`s rdskadbts dxpmgrd w`ys tg prgtdet kts p`st `ba kts nuturd
Fgt`j Dbgec, mdnt, pkejs egnndd idrrkds gb Qcgl`s Iumm J`kmk`w`s n`rl. J`kmk`w`, rkhct, tdbas tg arykbh egnndd id`bs. Cd wgrjda t
_`c`m`s suh`r pm`bt`tkgb ngr 09 yd`rs idngrd kt emgsda kb 0;;>. Cd bgw hrgws egnndd gb md`sda m`ba ba sdmms kt s igutkqud rg`st.
GB QCDIKH KUM@BAEYG_ M@BA
83%Gn st`tds
grec`ra m`ba
30%Gn st`tdsp`p`y` `erd`hd
>>%Gn st`tdsmdlgb `erd`hd
>4%Gn st`tdsmkld `erd`hd
>;%Gn st`tds`vge`ag `erd`hd
41%Gn st`tdsi`b`b` grec`ras
Ugured6 Ut`td Adp`rtldbtgn @hrkeumturd
GXBDY-GEET_KDA CGTUKBH6
89.1%LDAK@B CGTUDCGMA KBEGLD6
$11,498*LDAK@B ^@MTD GN CGTUKBH TBKQU6
$035,3??*CKHC UECGGM HY@AT@QD GY CKHCDY6
31.1%*Ugureds6 T.U. Edbsus Iurd`u`ba @ldrke`b Egllubkty Uurvdys
nkvd-yd`r dstkl`td *
_@C@M@
_G_TM@QKGB6
0,54>LDAK@B @HD6
10TBDL_MG[DA6
8.8%*
-
8/13/2019 The Big Island: Growing Pains
25/36
UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 94
$45,4;0C@X@KK EGTBQ[LDAK@B KBEGLD
Ldak`b kbegld
M`ej eglpmdtdpmulikbh n`ekmktkds
$5;,104J@T LDAK@B KBEGLD
4.5%
M`ejeglpmdtdjktecdb
n`ekmktkds
5.3%
Bg tdmdpcgbd
sdrvked
>.1%
0;5;
grd`rmkdr
0;1?-0;1;
0;4?-0;4;
0;>?-0;>;
0;8?-0;8;
0;3?-0;3;
0;;?-0;;;
9???-9??1
9??4-m`tdr
>.?
%>.3
%
1
.3%
9.;%
09.9
%
0;.0
% 98.8
%
0?.9
%
0?.1
%
[d`r cguskbh ubkts iukmt
Ugured6 T.U. Edbsus Iurd`u
MK^KBH KB J@T EGTBQ[
Qgp, Dmd`bgr` Fdrus`mdl Mguks st`bas gutskad _`c`m`s gmadst pm`bt`tkgb
cgld, wckec scd `ba sdvdr`m gtcdr wgldb w`bt tg rdbgv`td `ba turbkbtg ` mkvkbh lusdul `ba vksktgrs edbtdr. Lkaamd, Mybb C`lkmtgb, mdnt,H`km J`m`bk, Agrgtcy J`mu` `ba Mguks kb nrgbt gn tcd cgld tcdy cgpd tgsprued up. Xdrd trykbh tg s`vd wc`t wd c`vd, gur rd`, gur cguskbh,J`m`bk s`ys. Xd w`bt tg rdldlidr wc`t kt w`s mkjd. Igttgl, tcd hrgupldt rdedbtmy `t C`lkmtgbs cgld.
ldss`hd6 Xdrd trykbh tg s`vd wc`t wd c`vd, gur`rd`, gur cguskbh, scd s`ka. Xd w`bt tg rdldlidrwc`t kt w`s mkjd.
Iut s _`c`m` sddjs rdb`kss`bed gn sgrts, trykbhtg nkba ktsdmn kb pgst-suh`r dr`, kt ks agkbh sg wktc kb-erdakimd ec`mmdbhds.
L`by kb tcd egllubkty rd hkbh. Ydskadbts stkmmstruhhmd tg nkba wgrj. @ba ygubh pdgpmd `rd md`vkbhngr gppgrtubktkds dmsdwcdrd.
Gtks U`mlg ks r`rd irdda gn _`c`m` rdskadbt6 Cds
ygubh ba cd rdturbda.U`mlg, wcgsd n`tcdr wgrjda t tcd suh`r pm`bt`-tkgb, hrdw up kb _`c`m` ba hr`au`tda nrgl J`u Ckhckb 9??0. Cd fgkbda tcd B`vy, tr`vdmda ba hgt i`ecd-mgrs ba l`stdrs adhrdds.
M`st yd`r cd adekada tg egld i`ej tg cks cgld-tgwb, sgldtckbh cd mw`ys jbdw cd w`btda tg ag.
Cd eedptda pgsktkgb s egubsdmgr t J`u Ckhc`ba _`c`m` Dmdldbt`ry Uecggm, ba ks msg ygutcvgmmdyi`mm eg`ec.
Ykhct bgw K tckbj Kl tcd gbmy gbd tc`t rdturbda`lgbh ly em`ssl`tds. @mm tcd gtcdr gbds tc`t mdnt, K
agbt sdd tcdl bylgrd, cd s`ka.Dvdb U`mlgs skimkbhs akabt rdturb. U`mlgs
irgtcdr mkvds kb Xyglkbh, cks skstdr kb Ckmg.Fgis cdrd rd vdry se`red ba kts aknndrdbt mknd,
U`mlg s`ka. Bgt dvdryigay mkjds tcks mkndstymd. Qcdrdslgrd tckbhs gut tcdrd. Cdrd tcdrds bgtckbh.
_@YQ 9 @ BD X @Q QK QT AD
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JGB@ 22 Xcdb pdgpmd egld tg sdd Ar. @b-tcgby AdU`mvg `t Jgb` Egllubkty Cgspkt`m,tcdyrd usu`mmy prdtty skej, `ba tcdy usu`mmyc`vd lgrd tc`b gbd ldake`m prgimdl.
Qcd gbegmghkst s`ka cks p`tkdbt mg`a ks l`s-skvd eglp`rda wktc tcd pgpum`tkgb `ba tc`tcks p`tkdbts e`bedrs `rd gntdbtklds kb `a-v`beda st`hds wcdb tcdy idhkb trd`tldbt.
Cd sdds 93 tg 59 pdgpmd ` a`y `t tcd cgspk-t`m, wckec prkl`rkmy sdrvds ` rur`m `rd` sp`b-
bkbh nrgl Ugutc Jgc`m` tg _`c`m`._`rt gn tcd prgimdl, cd s`ka, ks tcd ad`rtc gn
cd`mtc e`rd gptkgbs ngr pdgpmd kb l`by `rd`sgn C`w`kk ksm`ba6 _`tkdbts lkhct arkvd up tgtwg cgurs tg hdt dvdb i`ske trd`tldbt `t tcdJgb` n`ekmkty. Qcd m`ej gn `eedss tg pcyskek`bsld`bs l`by pdgpmd agbt hdt tcd rdhum`rserddbkbhs bddada tg e`tec prgimdls d`rmy.
Qcd kssud ks gbd gn kberd`skbh urhdbey,hkvdb tcd l`sskvd pgpum`tkgb hrgwtc gb tcd ks-m`ba wckec ks gbmy ngrde`st tg egbtkbud.
@ 9?00 rdpgrt tg tcd Mdhksm`turd nrgl tcdC`w`kk _cyskek`b Xgrjngred @ssdssldbt _rgf-det dstkl`tda tc`t C`w`kk ksm`ba bddas `igut081 lgrd agetgrs fust tg sdrvd kts eurrdbt pgp-um`tkgb.
Iy eglp`rksgb, G`cu wcgsd pgpum`tkgbks nkvd tklds m`rhdr tc`b C`w`kk ksm`bas ksscgrt 550 agetgrs.
Eglpmke`tkbh tcd scgrt`hd, C`w`kk ksm`bardskadbts `rd wgrsd gnn gb fust `igut dvdrycd`mtc kbake`tgr, eglp`rda wktc st`tdwkad `v-dr`hds. Qcdy c`vd ckhcdr r`tds gn e`bedr `ba
e`rakgv`seum`r aksd`sd, `ba c`vd mgwdr mknd dx-pdet`bekds.@t tcd s`ld tkld, bd`rmy gbd-nkntc gn C`w`kk
Egubty `aumts slgjd (eglp`rda wktc 05 pdr-edbt gb G`cu), `ba 91 pdredbt `rd gvdrwdkhctgr gidsd.
@ba pgvdrty r`tds `rd ckhcdr gb C`w`kk ks-m`ba6 @igut 9? pdredbt gn rdskadbts mkvd idmgwtcd pgvdrty mkbd, aguimd tcd pdredbt`hd gbG`cu.
Xcdb ygu n`etgr kb tcd sgek`m adtdrlkb`btsgn cd`mtc daue`tkgb, degbglkes, `mm tcgsd
n`etgrs, mm tcgsd sgek`m egbaktkgbs tcdy `rddx`edri`tda cdrd, wckec eglpmke`tds tcdtrd`tldbt gn aksd`sds, s`ka Ykec`ra Q``nnd, dx-deutkvd akrdetgr gn tcd Xdst C`w`kk Egllu-bkty Cd`mtc Edbtdr.
QCD EDBQDY G_DBDA kb 9??4, `batc`t yd`r s`w `igut ;?? p`tkdbts. Qga`y kt c`stcrdd emkbkes `ba `igut 00,??? p`tkdbts.
Qcd edbtdr sdrvds `b dxp`bskvd `rd`, nrglJ`w`kc`d tg Ged`b ^kdw.
Xdrd nkmmkbh kb tcd puj`s c`vkbh tg ag wktcprkl`ry e`rd, cd s`ka. Qcdrds ` trdldbagusbdda.
Kb aaktkgb tg prkl`ry e`rd pcyskek`bs, tcdemkbke gnndrs idc`vkgr`m cd`mtc `ba pdak`trke
adbt`m sdrvkeds.Q``nnd s`ka ` m`ej gn `eedss tg spdek`mty e`rd nrgl adrl`tgmghksts tg bdurgmghksts ks`bgtcdr curamd ngr rdskadbts. Qcd emkbke c`sc`a tg sdba sgld gn kts p`tkdbts tg Cgbgmumungr e`rd.
C`w`kk Egubty Egubekml`b Hrdhhgr Km`h`bs`ka tcd scgrt`hd gn cd`mtc e`rd sdrvkeds ks`msg `eutd kb cks akstrket kb _ub`, wckec c`ssddb tcd ikhhdst pgpum`tkgb kberd`sds gbC`w`kk ksm`ba gvdr tcd m`st ade`ad.
_ub`, bgw cgld tg `igut 14,??? pdgpmd,
c`s ` c`banum gn sl`mm emkbkes `ba prkv`td pr`e-tkeds, sgld gn wckec `rdbt gpdb a`kmy.
Xd `rd rd`mmy m`ejkbh kb ldake`m cdmp, s`kaKm`h`b.
Qg `eedss lgst sdrvkeds, cd s`ka, pdgpmd
c`vd tg arkvd `igut 5? lkbutds tg Ckmg.I`ej `t Jgb` Egllubkty Cgspkt`m, pgpum`-tkgb hrgwtc c`s tr`bsm`tda kbtg ckhcdr p`tkdbtegubts `t tcd ;1-ida n`ekmkty, wckec w`s adskh-b`tda `s ` tr`ul` edbtdr kb 9?00 `mgbh wktcCkmg Ldake`m Edbtdr.
Qcd cgspkt`ms dldrhdbey rggl s`w 0>,;91pdgpmd kb nkse`m yd`r 9?09, up 11 pdredbt nrgl9??5.
Jgb` Egllubkty Cgspkt`m spgjdswgl`bFuay Agbgv`b s`ka tcd n`ekmkty, wckec ks ubadrtcd puimkemy nubada C`w`kk Cd`mtc Uystdls
Egrp., ks gb tr`ej tg sdd dvdb lgrd hrgwtc tcksyd`r.
Kb L`rec tcd cgspkt`m `vdr`hda `igut >?dldrhdbey-rggl vkskts ` a`y, up nrgl `igut4? kb tcd s`ld pdrkga ` yd`r `hg.
Xd `rd rd`mmy m`ejkbh kb ldake`m cdmpUe`red sdrvkeds gb C`w`kk ksm`ba l`jd mknd dvdb tguhcdr ngr rdskadbtswcg `mrd`ay n`ed ckhcdr r`tds gn cd`mtc `ba sgekgdegbglke prgimdls
Gbegmghkst Ar. @btcgby AdU`mvg `ba rdh-kstdrda bursd Jkl Lkmmkgb mggj tcrguhc `p`tkdbts nkmd `t AdU`mvgs gnnked kb Jd`m`-jdju`. L`by p`tkdbts `ergss C`w`kk ks-m`ba struhhmd wktc ` m`ej gn cd`mtc e`rdgptkgbs kb tcdkr `rd`s, tcd Jgb` Egllu-bkty Cgspkt`m pcyskek`b s`ys.
9> IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
L@KB G_QKGB
Jgb` EgllubktyCgspkt`m ks tcd prkl`rycd`mtc e`rd n`ekmktysdrvkbh Xdst C`w`kk6
22 Idas6 ;122 Dlpmgydds6 1?>22 Ldake`m st`nn6 8?
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5,045@alksskgbs
11>Ikrtcs
08,300_`tkdbt a`ys
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GXBDY-GEET_KDA CGTUKBH6
49.?%LDAK@B CGTUDCGMA KBEGLD6
$>?,811*LDAK@B ^@MTD GN CGTUKBH TBKQU6
$11?,4?? *CKHC UECGGM HY@AT@QD GY CKHCDY6
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UTBA@[ 1/93/05 2 2 CGBGMTMT UQ@Y-@A^DYQKUDY 98
^ksktgrs gb ` typke`m a`y, kb 9?00. CgbgmumuEgubty c`a tcd ckhcdst bulidr `t 33,;8;.
Cguskbhubkts kb9?00
^ksktgr `rrkv`mskb 9?09
Gbd kb dkhct pdrsgbs kb C`w`kk Egubty w`s ` tgurkst gb ` typke`m a`y kb 9?00
_dgpmd kb pgvdrty
@vdr`hd `bbu`m w`hd kb 9?0?
_dr-e`pkt` pdrsgb`m kbegld kb 9?0?
Ldak`b n`lkmy
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@vdr`hd a`kmy rggl r`td
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>9.?%
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8.50 a`ys
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$0,0;3.5?
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$918,???Ldak`b cgld prked kb 9?00
Ugureds6 C`w`kk Qgurksl @utcgrkty: Ut`td Adp`rtldbt gn Iuskbdss, Degbglke Advdmgpldbt `ba Qgurksl: C`w`kk Egubty Adp rtldbt gn Ydsd`rec `ba Advdmgpldbt
_dredbt`hd kberd`sd kbdmdetrkekty adl`ba nrgl0;;? tg 9?00
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kb tcd st`td nrgl 0;;? tg 9?00
H`mmgbs gn w`tdr egbsulda pdra`y pdr pdrsgb kb 9??8, wckecw`s tcd mgwdst kb tcd st`td
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0?,13>,953Qgt`m vksktgr a`ys
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kb tcd st`td nrgl 0;;? tg 9?00
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%% rdbdw`imdegbsulptkgb tc`t ks_dredbt`hd gn dbdrh
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493,99Ydbtdr-geeupkda ubkts kb 9?0?
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H`mmgbs gn w`tdr egbsulda pdr
089,11
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113,?5$
@vdr`hd `bbu`m w`hd kb 9?0?
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AeklgbgD,ssdbksuIngtbdlr`pdA`
ugEkk`wC:lskruQab`tbdlpgmdvdA
w`s tcd mgwdst kb tcd st`tda`y pdr pdrsgb kb 9??8, wckec
D@EC CGTUD KU 9,???
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30,53D@EC CGTUD KU 9,???
w`s tcd mgwdst kb tcd st`td
tbdlpg
a`y pdr pdrsgb kb 9??8, wckecH`mmgbs gn w`tdr egbsulda pdr
9?00ubkts kbCguskbh>3
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CGBGJ@@ 22 Quejda `w`y kb ` sl`mm `s-pc`mt mgt gb Cgbgj`` Ckhcs e`lpus, igut twgagzdb e`rpdbtry stuadbts tgkmda w`y t tcdkr
s`wcgrsds. C`ra c`ts ba s`ndty hghhmds gb,ld`surkbh t`pd ba s`ws gut.
Ka r`tcdr id gut cdrd tc`b kb em`ssrggl,s`ka J`km` Qgrrds, 08, s scd dyda pkded gnwgga scd bddada tg eut.
Qcd hrgup ks d`rbkbh au`m ckhc secggm ba egm-mdhd erdakt s p`rt gn b kbtdbskvd egbstruetkgb`e`adly, adskhbda tg hkvd stuadbts cd`ast`rt gb tcdkr pgstsdegba`ry daue`tkgb idngrdtcdy md`vd ckhc secggm.
Iut wckmd tcd stuadbts lkhct hr`au`td wktc `ikt gn `b `av`bt`hd, td`ecdrs `ba egubsdmgrs `e-jbgwmdahd tc`t tcdsd tddbs `ba tcdkr pddrs`ergss C`w`kk ksm`ba stkmm n`ed egbskadr`imdec`mmdbhds6 `lgbh tcdl, ` ckhc ubdlpmgyldbtr`td, ` m`ej gn gppgrtubktkds ngr ygubh pdgpmd `ba
Ikh Ksm`ba ygutc sdd ndw fgi gppgrtubktkds `t cgld,
` lkbasdt daue`tgrs ba gnnkek`ms cgpd tg ec`bhd
93 IKH KUM@BA / HYGXKBH _@KBU
BDX KBKQK@QK^DU
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Xd cgpd ` mgt
gn tcdl wguma
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Bgw kts lgstmy
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md`vd.
_`ttk EggjEgllubkty mk`ksgb`t X`kld` Lkaamd
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$>?,400*LDAK@B ^@MTD GN CGTUKBH TBKQU6
$581,3??*CKHC UECGGM HY@AT@QD GY CKHCDY6
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nkvd-yd`r dstkl`td *
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9,943LDAK@B @HD6
10.9TBDL_MG[DA6
;.9%*
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ndw gptkgbs ngr wgrj kb tcdkr gwb i`ejy`ras.Qcd c`radst p`rt ks tg try ba egbvkbed tcd
stuadbts tc`t tcdy e`b c`vd sueedss, s`kaYduidb Eckp, tcd C`w`kk Egllubkty Egmmdhdkbstruetgr wcg td`ecds tcd e`rpdbtry egursd.Qcdyrd tdmmkbh ld tcdkr a`a w`s m`ka gnn,tcdrd ks bg egbstruetkgb.
Qcdrd rd bdw kbktk`tkvds ubadrw`y klda`t idttdr prdp`rkbh C`w`kk ksm`bas ygubh pdg-pmd ngr eglpdtktkvd wgrjngred, stddrkbh tcdltg ckhc-adl`ba e`rddrs ba igmstdrkbh gp-tkgbs ngr bdw hdbdr`tkgb. Qcd nrukts gn tcdsdse`ttdrda dnngrts rdbt ydt jbgwb, iut l`by`hrdd tcd wgrj ks sgrdmy bddada.
D^DB IDNGYD QCD[ md`vd ckhcsecggm, C`w`kk ksm`ba ygutc lust t`ejmd c`ratrutc6 Xgrj ks tguhc tg nkba cdrd, dspdek`mmy ngrtcgsd dbtdrkbh tcd fgi l`rjdt.
@ba ngr l`by ygutc mkvkbh gb tcd st`tds sde-gba lgst pgpumgus ksm`ba, hdttkbh cd`a prgi-
`imy ld`bs hgkbh w`y. Kt ld`bs md`vkbhsl`mm, rur`m egllubktkds mkjd tcks gbd ngr tcdpgpum`tkgb edbtdrs kb Ckmg gr Jgb`, gr md`vkbhtcd ksm`ba ngr G`cu gr tcd l`kbm`ba.
Qcgsd mdnt idckba gntdb nkba tcdlsdmvds sdt-tmkbh ngr wc`tdvdr fgis tcdy e`b nkba gr id-kbh ub`im