The Big Practice Testpart 4

The U.S. Since WWII

Chuck Norris says “Kick

the SOL in the rear”

The Cold War

What was the guiding principle of the American foreign policy throughout the Cold War where nations should not roll back communism but keep it from spreading and resist communist aggression in other nations?

• Truman Doctrine• Fair Deal• Marshall Plan• Monroe Doctrine

What was formed near the end of World War II to create a body for the nations of the world to try to prevent future global wars?

• NATO• United Nations• OPEC• Truman Doctrine

What was the result of the Korean War?

• North and South Korea became one under a democratic government.

• North and South Korea became one under a communist government.

• North Korea and South Korea stayed divided at the 17th parallel with North Korea under a communist government and South Korea free of communist occupation.

• North Korea and South Korea stayed divided at the 38th parallel with North Korea under a communist government and South Korea free of communist occupation.

Who played on Americans fear of communism by recklessly accusing many American governmental officials and citizens of being communists with flimsy or no evidence?

• Joseph McCarthy• Douglas MacArthur• Robert McNamara• Earl Warren

What agreement was made between the Soviet Union and its satellite nations in Western Europe?

• Berlin Wall• Yalta Agreement• Great Society• Warsaw Pact

Who was NOT convicted of spying for the Soviet Union or giving them our plans for nuclear weapons?

• Ethel Rosenberg• Alger Hiss• Julius Rosenberg• Joseph McCarthy

What type of government was created in West Germany when it resumed self-government after Allied occupation?

• Communism• Democracy• Oligarchy• Monarchy

Who was president when the U.S. adopted the policy of massive retaliation?

• President Nixon• President Truman• President Eisenhower• President Kennedy

What nation was aiding Cuba with tanks, jets,  and missiles?

• USSR• Vietnam   • Korea• China

The domino theory was a foreign policy that proposed which of the following arguments?

• Foreign policy in Asia was a game.• If the United States colonized one Asian

country, then the Asian trade market would open dramatically.

• If a communist revolution were to succeed in one Asian country, then other nearby nations would also turn to communism.

• If one Asian country were to become a democracy, then other nearby nations would also become democracies.

Who said, "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall" as well as increased America's military and economic pressure on the Soviet Union?

• Ronald Reagan• Gerald Ford• Jimmy Carter• George Bush

Which is NOT a true about how the threat of  a nuclear war affected Americans? • Schools practiced drills to train children about

what to do in case of a nuclear attack.• American citizens built bomb shelters in their

basements, back yards, or communities.• Americans immigrated to Canada and other

countries not in disagreements with the USSR.• Americans bought dog tags, radiation

protection clothing, and other items claiming they would offer protection during a nuclear attack.

The CIA created a plan to help Cuban exiles invade and overthrow Castro.  Where did the invasion occur in Cuba?

• Hanoi• Bay of Pigs• Guantanamo• Havana

What was formed as a defensive alliance among the United States and western European countries to prevent a Soviet invasion of Western Europe?

• UN• Anti-Communism League• NATO• OPEC

Who said, "the US would pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty?"

• John F. Kennedy• Joseph McCarthy• Dwight D. Eisenhower• Richard Nixon

At the start of the Korean War, who invaded whom?

• North Korea invaded South Korea• South Korea invaded North Korea• China and North Korea invaded South

Korea• South Korea and the US invaded North

Korea

Which of the following is the policy reflected by American's involvement in the Korean War?

• massive retaliation• brinkmanship• ouch theory• containment

Which is NOT an example of how the heavy expenditures throughout the Cold War benefited Virginia's economy?

• the Pentagon was built in Northern Virginia• Numerous private companies received

contracts with the military• Richmond became the headquarters of the CIA• several large naval and air bases were built

around the Hampton Roads area

Which of the following American military interventions was NOT based on the Cold War theory of containment?

• The Berlin airlift• The Persian Gulf War• The Vietnam War• The Cuban missile crisis

Who led a communist revolution that took over Cuba in the late 1950s?

• Fulgencio Batista• Nikita Khrushchev• Fidel Castro• Ho Chi Minh

Which of the following Cold War events was an example of détente?

• The Cuban Missile Crisis• The Korean War• The Berlin airlift• Nixon's visit to China

Following its defeat, Japan was occupied by the American forces.  Which is NOT true about Japan during this time period?

• Japan became a strong ally of the United States.• Japan adopted a democratic form of government.• Japan eventually resumed self-government.• Japan adopted communism.

The fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union marked the

• failure of the Marshall Plan• end of the Cold War• success of the League of Nations• end of the Korean War

What was the U.S. plan to provide massive financial aid to rebuild European economies and prevent the spread of communism?

• NATO• Marshall Plan• United Nations• Truman Doctrine

Which nation saw a communist takeover shortly after World War II?

• China• Laos• South Korea• South Vietnam

What does McCarthyism mean?

• never backing down even if it means war• keep bombing until someone gives in• making false accusations based on rumor or

guilt by association• keeping communism within its borders

Which is NOT an internal problem of the Soviet Union?

• Rising nationalism in Soviet republics• The United States could not compete with the

USSR's military expenses.• Gorbachev's ideas of "glasnost" and "perestroika"

or openness and economic restructuring• Economic efficiency

What became the foreign and the domestic policy issues in every presidential election from the late 1940s through the 1960s?

• Cold War and abortion rights• Cold War and civil rights• Vietnam War and voting rights for all citizens• Vietnam War and poverty

The Soviet Union and the United States represent starkly different fundamental values. Which of the following statements explains these different values? • The USSR believes in a communist government while

the US believes in a monarchy.• The USSR believes in  a totalitarian government with a

communist (socialist) economic system while the US believes in a democratic political institution and a generally free market economic system.

• The US believes in laissez-faire economics and a democratic government while the USSR believes in a free market and democratic government.

• Both the USSR and US believe in a democratic government but the USSR believes their rulers should have communist tendencies.

President Kennedy was assassinated on what date?

• September 2, 1945• April 4, 1968• November 22, 1963• May 17, 1954

When did the Cold War end?

• at the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989• when North and South Vietnam merged in 1975• in 1963 with the assassination of President

Kennedy• in 1962 with the Cuban Missile Crisis

Who said in his inaugural address, "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country?" • Dwight D. Eisenhower• Lyndon B. Johnson• Richard Nixon• John F. Kennedy

Which of the following best describes United States involvement in the Korean War?

• United States involvement was part of a détente policy.

• The United States did not commit military forces to fight in Korea.

• United States involvement was an example of the policy of containment.

• The United States and the Soviet Union committed military forces to fight as allies in Korea.

Where was JFK when he was shot?

• Los Angeles, California• Harlem, New York• Memphis, Tennessee• Dallas, Texas

What country's forces came to the aid of North Korea when the United States and South Korean military pushed into North Korea?

• China• Cuba• USSR• North Vietnam

• When did the Cold War begin? • at the start of the Korean War• at the start of World War II• at the end of World War II• at the end of the World War I

• What portion of Germany did the Soviet Union gain control of?

• Western• southern• Northern• Eastern

• All of the following were Cold War responses to Soviet aggression EXCEPT

• The Berlin airlift• The North Atlantic Treaty Organization• The Truman Doctrine• President Truman's decision to drop the

atomic bomb

• The War Powers Resolution of 1973 was a response to concerns over

• congressional abuse of authority in deployment of US military forces

• an imbalance of powers in deployment of US military forces

• Supreme Court interference in the deployment of US military forces

• under use of  military forces

• The US and USSR come closest to the brink of a nuclear war due to the events at what site?

• Hungary• Berlin• Cuba• Vietnam   

• Who was the politician who led a congressional hearing into communist infiltration o f the American government and society?

• Dwight D. Eisenhower• Richard Nixon• Henry Cabot Lodge• Joseph McCarthy

• What type of relationship did the communist nations of the Soviet Union and China have in the 1970s?

• They were allied until the fall of the Berlin Wall.

• They were strong allies.• They were under one government.• They were rivals for territory and

diplomatic influence.

• The 1950s domestic hysteria over the infiltration of communists into American government and society is known as

• the Red Scare• McCarthyism• the domino theory• the Salem Witch Trials

• Which of the following was primarily characterized by tension between the Soviet Union and the United States?

• The McCarthy hearings• The Crimean War• Japanese internment• the Cold War

• The Bay of Pigs invasion, authorized by President John F. Kennedy, was an attempt to unseat which of the following communist leaders?

• Kim Il Sung• Ho Chi Minh• Mao Tse-tung• Fidel Castro

• The economic theory implemented by President Ronald Reagan is known as

• the domino theory• trust-busting• trickle-down economics• isolationism

• What was the agreement ending the Cuban missile crisis?

• The USSR would remove their missiles from Cuba and the US would remove their troops from Florida.

• The US and USSR both agree to destroy all their nuclear weapons.

• The US would allow Soviet ships past the 500 mile barrier around Cuba and the USSR would apologize for pointing nuclear missiles at US cities.

• The US would not invade Cuba and the USSR would remove their  missiles from Cuba.

• Compared to public support for US involvement in the Korean War, public support of the US military intervention in southeast Asia during the 1960s and early 1970s is best described as

• more controversial• a little bit stronger• much stronger• about the same

• How did the Cold War affect American life?

• Americans lived with a fear of communism and threat of nuclear war.

• Americans felt that nuclear war would never occur and went on living a good life.

• Americans banded together and believed that no matter the cost we should aid all countries in fighting communism.

• Americans feared that World War III would occur with our opponent, Germany.

• Anti-Communist fear found a responsive environment in the US after WWII partly because of

• the loss of China to communism.• the United States' dropping the atomic

bomb on Japan.• The depressed economy in the United

States after the war.• the Soviet Union's testing of an atomic

weapon.

• At the end of World War II, what nation occupied most of Eastern and Central Europe?

• Germany• United States• Soviet Union• Japan

• President Nixon practiced détente, policy aimed at easing Cold War tensions, by visiting which communist nation?

• Vietnam• Cuba• China• USSR

• Who was the last leader of the Soviet Union?

a) Nikita Khrushchevb) Joseph Stalinc) Mikhail Gorbachevd) Vladimir Lenin

• What does perestroika mean? a) giving government grants to

educationb) reforming Soviet societyc) reforming the military to make it

strongerd) restructuring communist societies

• What does glasnost mean? • reforming society thru federal aid• helping aid other  communist

countries• ignoring social issues of civilians• openness in discussing social

issues

• In what country did the military kill hundreds of college students protesting for freedom?

• China• Vietnam• Germany• USSR

• What was the purpose of the START II Treaty?

• The USSR and US agree to stop building nuclear weapons.

• The USSR and US agree to stop the space race.

• The USSR and US agree to build more nuclear weapons.

• The USSR and US agree to reduce the number of nuclear weapons.

• Which is NOT a problem the Soviet Union was facing before it collapsed?

• Military and economic pressure from the United States

• Rising nationalism in the republics• Military spending was cheap so they

began making too many weapons• Economic inefficiency

• Who was president of the United States when the Soviet Union collapsed?

• George H.W. Bush• Ronald Reagan• John F. Kennedy• Jimmy Carter

• What European country reunited after the USSR collapsed?

• Germany• Poland• Italy• Hungary

• All of the following are examples of how the Cold War helped Virginia's economy EXCEPT

• building naval and air bases in Hampton Roads

• contracting private companies to do military work

• building the Pentagon in Northern Virginia• building naval training center at Annapolis

Civil Rights

• Who refused to give up a bus seat on a Montgomery public bus to a white person?

a) Rosa Parksb) Orval Faublusc) Thurgood Marshalld) Martin Luther King, Jr.

• Which of the following is NOT true about the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

a) The act desegregated public accommodations.

b) The act prohibited discrimination.c) Lyndon B. Johnson played an important

role in the passage of the act.d) The act was proposed by President

Eisenhower.

• Which of the following was a result of the civil rights movement?

a) The 24th Amendment, eliminating the poll tax

b) The 26th Amendment, lowering the voting age to 18

c) The election of John F. Kennedy as president

d) The end of the Ku Klux Klan

• What effect did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 have on the number of African American voters in the south?

a) the number minimally increasedb) the number decreasedc) the number remained the samed) the number increased significantly

• The Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ruled that segregation in _______________ was unconstitutional.

a) schoolsb) restaurantsc) hotelsd) restrooms

• The landmark "I Have a Dream" civil rights speech was delivered at the 1963 March on Washington, D.C. by

a) John F. Kennedyb) Malcolm Xc) Martin Luther King, Jr.d) Rosa Parks

• Which of the following cases decided by the Supreme Court under the leadership of Chief Justice Earl Warren did the most to advance the goals of the civil rights movement?

a) Griswold v. Connecticutb) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka,

Kansasc) Gideon v. Wainwrightd) Miranda v. Arizona

• All of the following are major events of the civil rights movement EXCEPT

a) the Montgomery bus boycottb) the Seneca Falls Conventionc) the founding of the Southern

Christian Leadership Conferenced) freedom summer

• Who is known as the most vocal Black Muslim?

a) James Earl Rayb) Malcolm Xc) Martin Luther Kingd) Mohammad Ali

• As stated in the Voting Rights Act of 1965, what test is outlawed?

a) intelligenceb) literacyc) SOLd) standardized

• To who is Martin Luther King Jr.'s tactics compared?

a) Winston Churchillb) Malcolm Xc) Mohandas Gandhid) John Brown

• Which of the following legislative acts did the most to increase voting among African Americans?

a) Civil Rights Act of 1964b) 14th Amendmentc) 15th Amendmentd) Voting Rights Act of 1965

• Which of the following twentieth-century constitutional amendments does NOT directly defend or expand individual rights?

a) 22nd , limiting presidential termsb) 19th, enfranchising womenc) 26th, lowering the voting aged) 24th, eliminating poll taxes

• What is the name given to the massive resistance of the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ruling where many white students attend private academies and some schools closed?

a) nonviolent resistanceb) civil disobediencec) separatismd) white flight

• What is the name given to the years between the Brown verdict and Martin Luther King's assassination?

a) Discrimination Decadeb) Power to Civil Rightsc) Second Reconstructiond) Black separatism

• Which Supreme Court case set the "separate but equal" precedent?

a) Roe v. Wadeb) Marbury v. Madisonc) Brown v. Board of Education of

Topeka, Kansasd) Plessey v. Ferguson

• What is the term for peacefully demonstrating for a change of policy without fighting authorities?

a) boycottb) nonviolent resistancec) civil disobedienced) martyr

• Who led the NAACP legal defense team in the Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas?

a) John Marshallb) Earl Warrenc) Thurgood Marshalld) Oliver Hill

• Did John F. Kennedy support the civil rights movement?

a) yesb) no

• Did Lyndon B. Johnson support the civil rights movement?

a) yesb) no

• Which event helped influence public opinion to support civil rights legislation and demonstrated the power of non-violent, mass protest?

a) Little Rock Nineb) Freedom Ridesc) Montgomery bus boycottd) 1963 March on Washington

• As stated in the Voting Rights Act of 1965, who are responsible for registering voters in the South?

a) state registrarsb) federal registrarsc) hired registrarsd) district registrars

Aims of the Great Society:  1.Eradicate racial injustice 2. Share abundance 3.Overcome disease 4. Dispel ignorance 

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 are examples of Great Society legislation addressing:

• Aim 1• Aim 2• Aim 3• Aim 4

Vietnam

• Beginning in the early 1950s and continuing into the early 1960s, the communist government of _________ Vietnam attempted to install and force through a communist government in ____________ Vietnam.

a) North, Southb) South, Northc) East, Westd) West, East

• Who was President when the United States started the American military build up in Vietnam?

a) Lyndon B. Johnsonb) Richard M. Nixonc) John F. Kennedyd) Dwight D. Eisenhower

• Which President pledged to bring the war to an honorable end?

a) Dwight D. Eisenhowerb) John F. Kennedyc) Lyndon B. Johnsond) Richard M. Nixon

• The War Powers Resolution of 1973 was a response to concerns over

a) congressional abuse of authority in deployment of US military forces

b) under use of  military forcesc) Supreme Court interference in the

deployment of US military forcesd) an imbalance of powers in deployment

of US military forces

• What Viet Cong fighting style employed “hit and run” and only fighting when the odds were on your side?

a) guerilla warfareb) nuclear warfarec) trench warfared) massive warfare

• What was Operation Rolling Thunder?a) Supposed stalemate in fighting on the

Vietnamese New Year but instead the Viet Cong struck important military bases in South Vietnam.

b) Uprooting camps and forced people to move to refugee camps surrounded by barbed wire.

c) Three years of bombing raids on roads, bases, and railways

d) Atrocity of small Vietnam village killing 340 men, women, and children claiming Viet Cong lived among them.

• The New York Times published what article revealing secret activities by the US government in the Vietnam conflict?

• The Pentagon Papers• Kent State Killings• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution• The Pumpkin Papers

• What was the effect of “Vietnamization”?

a) It kept communism from South Vietnam.b) It failed and South Vietnam surrendered

to communism.c) It had no effect.d) It made the 17th parallel the dividing

line between communist North Vietnam and non-communist South Vietnam.

• What does Nixon’s policy of “Vietnamization” mean?

a) Slowly handing South Vietnam back over to the control of the South Vietnamese military.

b) Increasing the number of US military in North Vietnam

c) Slowly handing North Vietnam back over to the control of the North Vietnamese military.

d) Increasing the number of US military in South Vietnam

• What Cold War policy is reflected by the United States involvement in the Vietnam War?

a) ouch theoryb) Marshall Planc) massive retaliationd) containment

• What site saw many anti-war protests during Vietnam?

a) National monumentsb) college campusesc) recruiting officesd) factories

• How did the communist North Vietnamese supply the communist guerillas in South Vietnam?

a) Ho Chi Minh Trailb) bombing raids to steal from South

Vietnamese peasantsc) tank trainsd) airlift supplies

• Which is NOT a problem of the US soldiers in Vietnam?

• Hot, humid weather• Well hidden enemy that knows the

terrain• Well trained, experienced soldiers• Frustration that makes many turn to

drugs and alcohol

• What country gave up Vietnam as a colony?

a) Germanyb) Francec) USSRd) Great Britain

• What was the Tet Offensive? a) Atrocity of small Vietnam village killing 340

men, women, and children claiming Viet Cong lived among them.

b) Uprooting camps and forced people to move to refugee camps surrounded by barbed wire.

c) Three years of bombing raids on roads, bases,  and railways

d) Supposed stalemate in fighting on the Vietnamese New Year but instead the Viet Cong struck important military bases in South Vietnam.

• What was the My Lai Massacre? a) Uprooting camps and forced people to move to

refugee camps surrounded by barbed wire.b) Three years of bombing raids on roads, bases, 

and railwaysc) Atrocity of small Vietnam village killing 340

men, women, and children claiming Viet Cong lived among them.

d) Supposed stalemate in fighting on the Vietnamese New Year but instead the Viet Cong struck important military bases in South Vietnam.

• What was a powerful ally for anti-war protestors in the US?

a) Radiob) Televisionc) Propagandad) movies

• The domino theory was a foreign policy that proposed which of the following arguments?

a) Foreign policy in Asia was a game.b) If one Asian country were to become a

democracy, then other nearby nations would also become democracies.

c) If a communist revolution were to succeed in one Asian country, then other nearby nations would also turn to communism.

d) If the United States colonized one Asian country, then the Asian trade market would open dramatically.

• What part of Vietnam did the United States aid?

a) Northb) Westc) Southd) East