The “Big Stick” The “Big Stick” AmericaAmerica1901- 19171901- 1917

Why a Changes in Why a Changes in Foreign Policy?Foreign Policy?

US new world powerUS new world power Foreign policy was a realm for President Foreign policy was a realm for President

to expand his powerto expand his power

The Monroe The Monroe DoctrineDoctrine

Past Foreign PolicyPast Foreign Policy

T. R.’ s Foreign Policy BeliefsT. R.’ s Foreign Policy Beliefs

Civilized vs. UncivilizedCivilized vs. Uncivilized Civilized – white, strong industrial strengthCivilized – white, strong industrial strength Uncivilized – non white, raw materialsUncivilized – non white, raw materials

Economic Relationship between the 2 Economic Relationship between the 2 was vital to bothwas vital to both

Therefore, civilized nation had right to Therefore, civilized nation had right to intervene.intervene.

NEW FOREIGN NEW FOREIGN POLICY:POLICY:

ROOSEVELT ROOSEVELT COROLLARY COROLLARY

andand

BIG STICK POLICYBIG STICK POLICY

The Roosevelt Corollary to The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1905the Monroe Doctrine: 1905The Roosevelt Corollary to The Roosevelt Corollary to

the Monroe Doctrine: 1905the Monroe Doctrine: 1905.

Roosevelt Corollary: The US will oppose and use force if necessary, to prevent European intervention in the Western Hemisphere

Chronic wrongdoing… may in Chronic wrongdoing… may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of suchflagrant cases of such wrongdoing wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an or impotence, to the exercise of an international police powerinternational police power

““Speak softly, Speak softly, but carry a big stick.”but carry a big stick.”

What is “The Big Stick” What is “The Big Stick” Policy?Policy?

In Latin America, US unwilling to share In Latin America, US unwilling to share trading rights, military control with any trading rights, military control with any other nations.other nations.

Idea is to police the small debtor nations Idea is to police the small debtor nations that had unstable governments, so there that had unstable governments, so there would be no intrusions from European would be no intrusions from European nations.nations.

How are each of the following How are each of the following examples of the “Big Stick” policy?examples of the “Big Stick” policy?

Great White FleetGreat White Fleet Venezuela Venezuela Panama CanalPanama Canal Dominican RepublicDominican Republic Platt Amendment to Cuban Platt Amendment to Cuban

ConstitutionConstitution

Taft’s “Dollar Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”Diplomacy”

Taft’s “Dollar Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”Diplomacy”Improve financialImprove financialopportunities for opportunities for American businesses.American businesses.

Use private capital toUse private capital tofurther U. S. interestsfurther U. S. interestsoverseas.overseas.

Therefore, the U.S. Therefore, the U.S. should create stability should create stability and order abroad that and order abroad that would best promote would best promote America’s commercial America’s commercial interests.interests.

Ex. NicaraguaEx. Nicaragua

Progressing Foreign Progressing Foreign PolicyPolicy

Original Monroe Doctrine - warned Original Monroe Doctrine - warned Europe from expanding influence in Latin Europe from expanding influence in Latin AmericaAmerica

Roosevelt Corollary – US has right to Roosevelt Corollary – US has right to exercise international police power in exercise international police power in Western HemisphereWestern Hemisphere

1913, Wilson brought 1913, Wilson brought MORALMORAL tone to tone to the Monroe Doctrinethe Monroe Doctrine

Wilson’s “Moral Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”Diplomacy”

Wilson’s “Moral Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”Diplomacy”

The U. S. shouldThe U. S. shouldbe the consciencebe the conscienceof the world.of the world.

Spread democracy.Spread democracy.

Promote peace.Promote peace.

Condemn Condemn colonialism.colonialism.

Despite US Despite US interests.interests.

Examples of Wilson’s Examples of Wilson’s Moral DiplomacyMoral Diplomacy

Dominican RepublicDominican Republic

HaitiHaiti

Dutch West IndiesDutch West Indies

MexicoMexico