the bipolar lives of janis joplin and amy winehouse

7/22/2019 The Bipolar Lives of Janis Joplin and Amy Winehouse

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Wjcvgrscty da @geornhg

Anfuety da ]bcededoy

Gjoecsb Enjounog njh Ectgrnturg Hgpnrtigjt

Instgrs Xbgscs

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(igjtdr) (stuhgjt)

@geornhg

Lnjunry, 0=>6


2/51

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lg nutdrn jnvgd hn pdkun hn dvg jgdgkcvnjd usnielgjg c gstd pdorgjd sbvngjg ecjdstc

snoeghn u jgtd hruonclgi svgteu.

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lghjdo dh jlgjcb jnltgcb d`eckn. Pgzuetntc uknzulu jn jgsuijlcvd vcgvgkdvjd pdstdlnjlg

igjtnejg `degstc, sn hdjgkeg prdigjelcvci tuingjlcin cstg; lghjnkc rgzuetntc vng c zn `cpdenrjc

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hnjn senvg c jlcbdvcb trnocjcb svrgtnkn, uknzuluc jn hdonnlg kdlc su idoec scojneczcrntc pdlnvu

c prcsustvd igjtnejg `degstc. Dsenjlnluc sg jn `rdljg czvdrg, rgzuetntc pdknzulu hn su Hgjcs c

Glic u sg`c jdsceg sjnjg krgntcvjg pdrcvg ldu rnjci odhcjnin, c hn pdstdlc rgnejn idoujdst

hn su dgvc d`g uigtjcfg cinec hgprgscvju ecjdst, td cjc ogjgtsku prghcspdzcfclu zn jnstnjnk

`cpdenrjdo pdrgignln. Pnjn updtrg`n pscbdnktcvjcb su`stnjfc, krnljlg jgicrjc tgipgrnigjtc,

prcigtjn igenjbdecln, bndtcjcd`rnsfc ecjcb vgzn, krgntcvjn hdstcojun c trnocjg sirtc uknzulu

jn prcsustvd igjtnejg `degstc c jlgjg pdou`jg gagktg.

Jn krnlu, rgzuetntc stuhclg chu u prcedo dgkcvnjlcin hn su Hgjcs Hdpecj c GlicQnljbnus vgeckci hgedi cvdtn pdknzcvneg sciptdig `cpdenrjdo pdrgignln. Dvn tgzn lg

jnpcsnjn sn geldi hn sg pdigjutg uigtjcfg pdsintrnlu cz hruonclg pgrspgktcvg c hn sg jn tnl

jncj ujgkdeckd hdprcjgsg sbvntnjlu jlcbdvcb ecjdstc, jgpdrgfcvcb tnegjntn c uigtjckg

zndstnvtcjg.

Kelujg rgc


3/51

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Xbcs stuhy cs nj cjctcne nttgipt td cjvgstcontg `cpdenr hcsdrhgr njh cts injcagstntcdjs njh

cipnft dj tbg trnocf ecvgs da Lnjcs Ldpecj njh Niy _cjgbdusg. Xbgcr ecvgs bnvg `ggj hcsfussghjuigrdus tcigs `y pgdpeg ardi hcaagrgjt wneks da ecag, ùt tbgy bnvg rnrgey `ggj d`sgrvgh

tbrduob tbg prcsi da igjtne ceejgss. Adr tbcs rgnsdj njh bgr edvg da iuscf, tbg prgsgjt nutbdr

hgfchgh td try td sbgh n hcaagrgjt ecobt dj tbgsg ujgxpgftghey sdectnry njh datgj icsujhgrstddh

cjhcvchunes.

Cj tbg acrst pnrt, tbg stuhy adfusgs dj tbg jdtcdj da igjtne ceejgss njh `cpdenr hcsdrhgr ns

cts idst sgvgrg injcagstntcdj. Xbg rgsuets sbdw tbnt igjtne ceejgss bns ujhdu`tghey gxcstgh adr

iceegjjcn jdw, wctb sdigwbnt fbnjognèg cjtgrprgtntcdjs; tbg snig bdehs trug adr `cpdenr

hcsdrhgr, wbdsg fdjfgpt bns fbnjogh cj nffdrhnjfg wctb tbg gvdeutcdj da buinj icjh, njh cts

gaagfts dj frgntcvcty bnvg `ggj hdfuigjtgh. Xbg tbgscs tbgj njneyzgs tbg ecvgs da Lnjcs Ldpecj njhNiy _cjgbdusg ardi tbgcr fbcehbddh njh rgstegss pu`grty hnys ujtce tbgcr hnys da anig njh

trnocf hgntbs, pdcjtcjo td tbg gvgjts tbnt fdueh bnvg scojnegh tbg dffurrgjfg njh tbg prgsgjfg da

igjtne ceejgss. Hrnwcjo dj n jui`gr da sdurfgs, tbg rgsuets sbdw tbnt `dtb Lnjcs njh Niy

hcspenygh strdjo frgntcvg cipuesgs nt nj gnrey nog, njh tbnt tbgcr antbgrs prd`nèy bnh `duts da

hgprgsscdj, wbcfb adris n ogjgtcf prghcspdsctcdj td `cpdenr hcsdrhgr. Xbgcr gnrey psyfbdnftcvg

su`stnjfg nùsg, rgstegss tgipgrnigjts, jdtcfgnèg igenjfbdey, fbndtcf pnttgrj da pgrsdjne

rgentcdjsbcps, frgntcvg nffdipecsbigjts, njh trnocf hgntbs nee pdcjt td tbg prgsgjfg da igjtne

ceejgss njh cts hgvnstntcjo gaagfts.

Cj fdjfeuscdj, tbg rgsuets da tbg stuhy suppdrt tbg gxpgftntcdjs tbnt Lnjcs njh Niyhcspenygh syiptdis da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr adr tbg idst pnrt da tbgcr ecvgs. Xbcs tbgscs bdpgs td daagr

n hcaagrgjt pgrspgftcvg dj tbg twd nrtcsts, njh tbus inkg n idhgst fdjtrcùtcdj td tbg

ujhgrstnjhcjo da tbgcr pgrsdjnectcgs, cjhcsputnèg tnegjts, njh tbgcr nrtcstcf egonfy.

Kgy wdrhs< `cpdenr hcsdrhgr, Lnjcs Ldpecj, Niy _cjgbdusg, injcf hgprgsscdj, frgntcvcty.


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Fnusgs, injcagstntcdjs, njh hcnojdscs.1

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0.7 Ogt ct wbceg ydu nrg edjgey.....0=

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Odh, ùt ecag cs edjgecjgss, hgspctg neetbg dpcntgs, hgspctg tbg sbrcee tcjsge oncgty da pnrtcgswctb jdpurpdsg, hgspctg tbg anesg orcjjcjo anfgs wg nee wgnr. Njh wbgj nt enst ydu acjh sdigdjg td wbdi ydu agge

ydu fnj pdur dut ydur sdue, ydu stdp cj sbdfk nt tbg wdrhs ydu uttgrtbgy nrg sd rusty, sd uoey, sd

ignjcjoegss njh aggèg ardi `gcjo kgpt cj tbg sinee frnipgh hnrk cjschg ydu sd edjo. Sgs, tbgrg cs ldy,

aueaceeigjt njh fdipnjcdjsbcp ut tbg edjgecjgss da tbg sdue cj cts nppneecjo sgea-fdjsfcdusjgss cs

bdrrcèg njh dvgrpdwgrcjo.

Vyevcn ]entb


6/51

>

Fbnptgr >. @C]DENP HCVDPHGP

>.>Igjtne ceejgss - wbnt cs ct4Xbg Hcnojdstcf njh Vtntcstcfne Injune da Igjtne Hcsdrhgrs CQ (HVI CQ), nesd kjdwj ns

tbg psyfbcntrcsts `cèg, snys tbnt igjtne ceejgss cs fbnrnftgrczgh `y hysaujftcdj cj nj

cjhcvchunes `gbnvcdrs, gidtcdjs, njh dtbgr igjtne prdfgssgs. Ct hgacjgs igjtne ceejgss ns n ordup

da fd-dffurrcjo syiptdis wbcfb ogjgrntg su`stnjtcne hcstrgss njh cjtgragrg wctb n pgrsdjs n`cecty

td aujftcdj cj gvgryhny ecag; netbduob n pgrsdj fnj suaagr hug td n igjtne hcsdrhgr, ct cs sdigtcigs

cipdsscèg td hcnojdsg ct ujtce ct bns fnusgh scojcacfnjt hcstrgss dr cipncrigjt da `gbnvcdr. Xbg

HVI gipbnsczgs tbnt igjtne ceejgss cs jdt nj gxpgftgh gidtcdjne rgnftcdj td tbg hgntb da n edvgh

djg, ld` edss, dr dtbgr hrnintcf ecag gvgjts. Eckgwcsg, ct cs jdt fueturneey hgvcnjt `gbnvcdr dr n

fdjaecft `gtwggj tbg cjhcvchune njh sdfcgty ujegss ct cs prdvgh tbnt tbg cjhcvchunes icjh (dr

`rncj) cs hysaujftcdjne ns hgsfrc`gh.>

Lust ns tbgrg nrg vnrcdus adris da buinj `gbnvcdr njh pgrsdjnecty typgs, tbgrg cs nesd n

wchg rnjog da hcaagrgjt fntgodrcgs da igjtne hcsdrhgrs, njh njxcgty njh iddh hcsdrhgrs nrg djey

sdig da tbgi. Aurtbgridrg, igjtne hcsdrhgrs vnry orgntey cj typg njh sgvgrcty< sfbczdpbrgjcn

fnusgs bneeufcjntcdjs njh nhvgrsctcgs cj gvgryhny pgradrinjfg; sgnsdjne naagftcvg hcsdrhgr

adeedws nj njjune pnttgrj fdjscstgjt wctb tbg sgnsdjs njh fnusgs anr egss hcsn`cecty cj fdipnrcsdj

td sfbczdpbrgjcn; njh hcaagrgjt typgs da pbd`cns, g.o. sjnkg pbd`cn, bnvg n icjdr cipnft dj n

pgrsdjs ecag. Gxpgrts fenci tbnt tbg Hcnojdstcf njh Vtntcstcfne Injune da Igjtne Hcsdrhgrs

prdvchgs gxpecfct frctgrcn adr d`lgftcvgey hcnojdscjo gvgry scjoeg igjtne hcsdrhgr.

Ogjgrneey spgnkcjo, igjtne hcsdrhgrs nrg hgacjgh `y n fdi`cjntcdj da bdw nj cjhcvchune

agges, pgrfgcvgs, tbcjks, dr nfts. Nffdrhcjo td tbnt, n psyfbdedocst, psyfbcntrcst, dr dtbgr ighcfne

prdagsscdjne hcstcjoucsbgs n feustgr da syiptdis tbnt fbnrnftgrczg n igjtne hcsdrhgr. Netbduob tbg

psyfbcntrcsts `cègfurrgjtey fdjtncjs idrg tbnj 6== hcsdrhgrs, ct cs cjtrcoucjo td egnrj tbnt tbg

fnusgs da tbgsg hcsdrhgrs nrg stcee ujhgtgricjgh njh tbnt hgtgricjcjo tbgsg fnusgs cs fdjschgrgh n

bcobey fdipegx tnsk wbcfb cjfeuhgs njneyscs da n vnrcgty da gjvcrdjigjtne njh ogjgtcf anftdrs. Ct

bns `ggj fdjfeuhgh sd anr tbnt n pgrsdj fnj suaagr ardi n igjtne ceejgss ns n rgsuet da ogjgtcf

prghcspdsctcdj, `rncj cjlury, ecag gxpgrcgjfgs, njh/dr `rncj fbgicstry.0

Ns rgpdrtgh `y tbg _dreh Bgnetb Dronjczntcdj (_BD), idrg tbnj n tbcrh da pgdpeg cjidst fdujtrcgs rgpdrt prdègis nt sdig tcig cj tbgcr ecag wbcfb iggt tbg frctgrcn adr hcnojdscs da

>Hgacjctcdj da n Igjtne Hcsdrhgr, ]rdpdsgh Pgvcscdj, sgg

5bttp= Lnjunry, 0=>6.

0Adr idrg dj fnusgs da igjtne ceejgss, sggbttp= Lnjunry,

0=>6.
http://www.dsm5.org/ProposedRevisions/Pages/proposedrevision.aspx?rid=465http://www.dsm5.org/ProposedRevisions/Pages/proposedrevision.aspx?rid=465http://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/mental-health-causes-mental-illnesshttp://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/mental-health-causes-mental-illnesshttp://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/mental-health-causes-mental-illnesshttp://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/mental-health-causes-mental-illnesshttp://www.dsm5.org/ProposedRevisions/Pages/proposedrevision.aspx?rid=465


7/51

0

djg dr idrg da tbg fdiidj typgs da igjtne hcsdrhgrs. Pgfgjt rgsgnrfb cj tbg WVN pdcjt td tbg

anft tbnt jgnrey 7= pgrfgjt da Nigrcfnjs bnvg `ggj igjtneey ceent sdig pdcjt cj tbgcr ecvgs, njh

tbnt npprdxcintgey 07% da pgdpeg cj tbg WK bnvg n igjtne bgnetb prdègi hurcjo tbgcr ecvgs . Cj

tbg WK, Fnjnhn, tbg WVN, njh tbg rgst da tbg hgvgedpgh fdujtrcgs, igjtne hcsdrhgrs nrg tbg

hdicjnjt fnusg da hcsn`cecty nidjo tbg ydujo njh tbg ichheg-nogh.6

Xbg idst fdiidj igjtne ceejgssgs nrg njxcgty njh iddh hcsdrhgrs ns wgee ns

sfbczdpbrgjcn hcsdrhgrs. Njxcgty hcsdrhgrs nrg rgpdrtgh `y tbg inldrcty da pgdpeg; tbg pgdpeg

naagftgh `y tbgsg typgs da hcsdrhgrs bnvg n sgrcdus agnr dr njxcgty n`dut fgrtncj d`lgfts dr

sctuntcdjs, njh tbgy hd gvgrytbcjo tbgy fnj td nvdch tbg sctuntcdjs tbnt fnj egnh td sufb strdjo

aggecjos njh gidtcdjs. Iddh dr hgprgsscvg hcsdrhgrs fnusg bcobey fbnjognèg iddhs, ardi

gxtrgig snhjgss td gupbdrcn dr injcn. Hgspctg tbg anft sfbczdpbrgjcn wns rgfdojczgh n edjo tcig

nod, gxpgrts bnvg stcee jdt rgnfbgh n fdjsgjsus cj rgonrh td ct. _bgtbgr ct cs n ujcqug igjtne

hcsdrhgr dr n ordup da fd-rgentgh hcsdrhgrs cs ygt td `g fdjfeuhgh.

Idst da tbg sgrcdus igjtne hcsdrhgrs fnj nesd `g fneegh gpcsdhcf hcsdrhgrs `gfnusg da tbg

syiptdis tbnt fdig njh od wctb pgrcdhs da jdrine njh prdhuftcvg ecag. Igtbdhs njh typgs da

trgntigjts hgpgjh dj tbg sgvgrcty da tbg hcsdrhgr njh dj tbg cjhcvchune. Xbg anft wbcfb cs vgry

spgfcacf n`dut igjtne bgnetb cs tbnt wbnt wdrks adr djg pgrsdj icobt jdt wdrk adr sdigdjg gesg.

Vdig trgntigjt strntgocgs icobt `g suffgssaue wbgj fdi`cjgh wctb dtbgrs, ùt ct cs cipdrtnjt td

gipbnsczg tbnt gxpgrts tbcjk n wgee-cjadrigh pntcgjt prd`nèy kjdws `gst wbnt trgntigjt wcee

prdvchg tbg idst `gjgacfcne rgsuets. Xdhny tbg igjtneey cee fnj try dut n orgnt jui`gr da

ighcfntcdjs, hcaagrgjt typgs da psyfbdtbgrnpcgs, hcgts, pbyscfne gxgrfcsgs, bypjdscs, gtf.

Nt tbg gjh da tbcs `rcga cjtrdhuftcdj td igjtne ceejgss, ct cs gquneey cipdrtnjt td igjtcdjtbg dpcjcdj da Pcfbnrh L. IfJneey, Bnrvnrh Wjcvgrscty prdagssdr da psyfbdedoy, wbd `gecgvgs

tbnt tbg `dujhnry `gtwggj igjtne hcstrgss njh igjtne ceejgss wcee jgvgr `g jgnt njh fegnj.8

Xbnt cs wby djg sbdueh jdt `g surprcsgh `y tbg anft tbnt wbnt cs fdjschgrgh n igjtne hcsdrhgr

hgpgjhs dj fbnjognèg gfdjdicf, fueturne, njh pdectcfne anftdrs. Vdig psyfbcntrcsts gvgj od

aurtbgr njh fenci tbnt tbgrg cs jd sufb tbcjo ns igjtne ceejgss.7 @g tbnt ns ct iny, igjtne

ceejgss bns gxcstgh adr fgjturcgs jdw njh djg fnj djey bdpg tbnt djg hny sfcgjfg wcee `g nèg td

pdcjt td rgnsdjs wby n pgrsdj bns `gfdig igjtneey cee, njh wbcfb trgntigjts wcee wdrk `gst td

furg tbg ceejgss.

Jdw, egt us turj td tbg hcsdrhgr tbnt bns `ggj suoogstgh ns tbg rgnsdj adr tbg hrnintcf njh

trnocf ecvgs da Lnjcs Ldpecj njh Niy _cjgbdusg.

6Adr idrg dj igjtne bgnetb njh igjtne hcsdrhgrs, sggbttp78786.pbp ,>= Lnjunry,0=>6.8IfJneey, _bnt Cs Igjtne Ceejgss,p. 0>0.7Vznsz, Xbg Iytb da Igjtne Ceejgss, p. >.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.phphttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.phphttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.phphttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.php


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6

>.0Xbg gvgr-fbnjocjo ujhgrstnjhcjo da cpdenr hcsdrhgrXbg fdjfgpt da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr hntgs `nfk td njfcgjt tcigs. Xbg tgri injcn wns acrst

igjtcdjgh nt tbg `gocjjcjo da Bdigrs Cecnh td hgsfrc`g Nfbceegsujfdjtrdeenèg rnog, wbgrgns

igenjfbdecn, tdhny kjdwj ns hgprgsscdj, wns acrst jdtgh cj Bcppdfrntgs wrctcjos njh wns

nssdfcntgh wctb dvgr-sgfrgtcdj da ènfk `ceg ardi tbg ecvgr. Dj tbg `nscs da Bcppdfrntgsfdjfeuscdjs, Onegj wns tbg acrst wbd usgh tbg tgri bypdfbdjhrcntd hgsfrc`g n pbyscfne ceejgss

wctb psyfbdedocfne syiptdintdedoy.1Njdtbgr Orggk instgr fecjcfcnj, Nrgtngus da Fnppnhdfcn,

d`sgrvgh tbnt gupbdrcn iny adeedw igenjfbdey, tbus hgsfrc`cjo adr tbg acrst tcig tbg twd pbnsgs

njh tbg pgrcdhcf fdursg da `cpdenr ceejgss. Xbg Orggks wgrg gvchgjtey tbg acrst wbd inhg tbg

gaadrt td nssdfcntg igjtne ceejgss jdt wctb hcvcjg dr hgidjcf pdwgrs ùt wctb `cdedocfne

gxpenjntcdjs.

@gtwggj tbg Fensscfne Xcigs njh Pgjncssnjfg, igenjfbdey wns argqugjtey igjtcdjgh,

ne`gct cj tbg Hnrk Nogs ct wns rgpgntghey nssdfcntgh wctb inocf cjaeugjfg dr scj. Natgr ighcgvne

tcigs tbg acrst tbgdry wbcfb daagrgh n jdj-iystcfne npprdnfb td buinj sdue njh hcsgnsg wnsHgsfnrtgs. Ct nttgiptgh td gxpencj psyfbcntrcf hcsgnsg ns tbg rgsuet da nhvgrsg fbcehbddh

gxpgrcgjfgs dr trnjsicsscdj da aggecjos ardi tbg idtbgr td tbg uj`drj fbceh.

@cdedocfne tbgdrcgs da hgprgsscdj hdicjntgh tbrduobdut tbg >1tb njh idst da tbg >?tb

fgjturcgs, ùt `y tbg gjh da tbg >?tb fgjtury, tbgrg wns n fdjfgptune fbnjog cj psyfbcntry njh

prcdrcty wns ocvgj td tbg hgsfrcptcdj da syiptdintdedoy. Hurcjo tbg >3tb fgjtury, igenjfbdecn

wns fdjschgrgh `y sdig sfcgjtcsts td `g nj cjtgeegftune hcsdrhgr, wbceg dtbgrs tbduobt ct wns

rgentgh td tgipgrnigjt. Wjtce tbg ichheg da tbg >3tb fgjtury, psyfbcntrcf hcnojdscs wns `nsgh dj

tbg syiptdis injcagstgh nt tbg tcig da tbg gxnicjntcdj ùt, scjfg tbg acrst psyfbcntrcf nsyeuis

wgrg gstnècsbgh cj tbg sgfdjh bnea da tbg >2tb fgjtury, hcnojdstcf frctgrcn fbnjogh `gfnusghdftdrs wgrg jdw nèg td d`sgrvg pntcgjts adr edjogr pgrcdhs da tcig.

?

Djg da tbg idst cjaeugjtcne psyfbcntrcsts da tbg entg >3tb fgjtury, Gice Krngpecj, wns tbg

acrst td prdpdsg tbg usg da tbg tgri injcf-hgprgsscvg cjsnjctytd hgsfrc`g nee adris da rgpgntcjo

psyfbdsgs.2Bg nesd su`stctutgh tbg tgri igenjfbdecn wctb hgprgsscdj td hgsfrc`g tbg iddh

hcsdrhgr tbnt cs pnrt da tbg injcf-hgprgsscvg cjsnjcty. Npnrt ardi Krgnpecj, Igygr njh Arguh nesd

orgntey fdjtrcùtgh td dur ujhgrstnjhcjo da iddh hcsdrhgrs. Arguh tbduobt injcf-hgprgsscvg

ceejgss wns n rgsuet da edw sgea-gstggi stgiicjo ardi n hcstur`gh fbcehbddh, njh Igygr

cjtrdhufgh Krgnpecjs fensscacfntcdj cj tbg WVN, pdcjtcjo dut tbnt injy typgs da hgprgsscdj

sbdueh jdt `g fdjschgrgh n pnrt da injcf-hgprgsscvg ceejgss.3

1Knspgr, Xbg Bnjh`ddk da @cpdenr Hcsdrhgr,p. >, 0.?C`ch., p. 02C`ch., p. 6.3C`ch., p. 6, 8.


9/51

8

Nt tbg gjh da tbg >37=s, Egdjbnrh prdpdsgh n jgw hcstcjftcdj, tbnt da ujcpdenr vs. `cpdenr

ceejgss. Cj tbg >31=s njh >3?=s, _BD njh CFH (Xbg Cjtgrjntcdjne Fensscacfntcdj da Hcsgnsgs)

prdpdsgh sdigwbnt vnoug hcnojdstcf ouchgecjgs njh hch jdt bgep iufb rgonrhcjo hcnojdstcf

rgecn`cecty da psyfbcntrcf ceejgssgs. Nt n`dut tbg snig tcig, Nigrcfnj ]syfbdedocfne Nssdfcntcdj

(N]N) cssugh tbg HVICCC nffdrhcjo td wbcfb inldr hgprgsscvg hcsdrhgrs wgrg su`hcvchgh cjtd

`cpdenr hcsdrhgr njh inldr hgprgsscdj, tbg hcstcjoucsbcjo agnturg `gcjo wbgtbgr dr jdt n injcf

gpcsdhg bns gvgr dffurrgh.>=

Dvgr tbg enst >= td >7 ygnrs, sd iufb kjdweghog n`dut `cpdenr hcsdrhgr bns gxpedhgh dj

nee ardjts. Xbg usg da idhgrj fensscacfntcdj systgis njh injunes bns fdig nedjo wctb vnrcdus

stnjhnrhczgh qugstcdjjncrgs njh rntcjo sfnegs, usuneey rgaegftcjo tbg hcnojdstcf ouchgecjgs da HVI

njh CFH dr dtbgr frctgrcn. Aurtbgr su`hcvcscdjs da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr bnvg `ggj prdpdsgh, ardi

`cpdenr C td `cpdenr CQ, njh gvgj Q. @cpdenr hcsdrhgr cs tbus su`hcvchgh dj tbg `nscs da bcstdry da

bdspctneczntcdj adr injcn njh/dr scojcacfnjt edss da aujftcdjcjo cj ecag hurcjo n injcf gpcsdhg.>>

Xd sui up, tbg bcstdry da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr wns, stcee cs, njh wcee prd`nèy fdjtcjug td `gfbnjognèg njh td n enrog gxtgjt ujprghcftnèg, netbduob tbgrg nrg sdig prdicscjo nhvnjfgigjts.

Ct sbdueh `g jdtgh bgrg tbnt tbg hcnojdscs da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr, `nsgh sdegey dj syiptdis, bns

newnys enfkgh acri vnechntcjo frctgrcn tbnt, ca tbgy gxcstgh, fdueh prdvg tbnt tbg fecjcfne hcnojdscs

fdrrgspdjhs td n spgfcacf hcsgnsg. Jgvgrtbgegss, gxpgrts fenci tbnt tdhnys hcnojdscs da `cpdenr

hcsdrhgr ciprdvgs hcnojdstcf rgecn`cecty nidjo fecjcfcnjs, cjagrs ignjcjoaue fecjcfne hcstcjftcdjs,

bgeps cj tbg prghcftcdj da tbg fecjcfne fdursg, njh nesd prghcfts tbg rgspdjsg td trgntigjt.

>=C`ch.,p. 7.

>>C`ch., edf. fct.


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7

>. 6 Fnusgs, injcagstntcdjs, njh hcnojdscs

Hgspctg nee tbg nhvnjfgigjts cj tbg acgeh da igjtne ceejgss, fnusgs da injcf hgprgsscdj

rgincj ujkjdwj adr tbg tcig `gcjo. Xbg anft tbnt twd-tbcrhs da `cpdenr pntcgjts bnvg n anicey

bcstdry da gidtcdjne hcsdrhgrs bns idtcvntgh sfcgjtcsts njh rgsgnrfbgrs td eddk adr n ogjgtcf ecjk

wbcfb injcagstgh ctsgea cj tbg anicey stuhcgs sbdwcjo tbnt tbg idst fdiidj igjtne hcsdrhgr cjacrst-hgorgg anicey igi`grs cs hgprgsscdj. Nt tbg Hgprgsscdj njh Frgntcvcty Vyipdscui bgeh

cj _nsbcjotdj cj 0==3, n psyfbdedocst njh tbg nutbdr da Xdufbgh wctb Acrg, wbd cs `cpdenr

bgrsgea, snch tbnt `cpdenr hcsdrhgr wns ujhdu`tghey ogjgtcf njh tbnt ct ogjgrneey stnrts dffurrcjo nt

nj gnrey nog.>0

Dj tbg dtbgr bnjh, nffdrhcjo td Xbg Bnjh`ddk da @cpdenr Hcsdrhgr, ct cspdsscèg

tbnt n vgry sinee prdpdrtcdj da `cpdenr ceejgssgs injcagsts adr tbg acrst tcig natgr tbg nog da 17.>6

Dtbgr pdsscèg `cdedocfne fnusgs da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr sufb ns ci`nenjfgh jgurdfbgicfne

trnjsicttgrs bnvg `ggj suoogstgh. Ct cs cipdrtnjt td pdcjt dut tbnt tbg trnjsicttgrs nrg bgnvcey

cjaeugjfgh `y hruos njh nefdbde, njh idrg tbnj bnea da `cpdenr pntcgjts rgpdrt n bcstdry da hruo

njh nefdbde nùsg, wbcfb cs, cj psyfbcntrcsts dpcjcdj, n adri da sgea-ighcfntcdj. Vdig stuhcgs

bnvg sbdwj tbnt ns iufb ns 1=% da su`stnjfg nùsgrs bnh syiptdis da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr.

Ns tbg jnig ctsgea suoogsts, injcf-hgprgsscvg ceejgss dr `cpdenr hcsdrhgr cs fbnrnftgrczgh `y

pgrcdhs da injcn njh hgprgsscdj, wctb pgrcdhs da jdrine aujftcdjcjo cj `gtwggj. Injcn cs nj

gegvntgh dr gupbdrcf iddh dr crrctnèg stntg tbnt cs fbnrnftgrcstcf da `cpdenr C hcsdrhgr. Ct cs inrkgh

`y igjtne njh pbyscfne bypgrnftcvcty, hcsdronjczntcdj da `gbnvcdr, njh cjnpprdprcntg gegvntcdj da

iddh.Bypdinjcn, dj tbg dtbgr bnjh, cs n icehgr adri da injcn wbcfb cs fbnrnftgrcstcf da `cpdenr CC

hcsdrhgr. Bypdinjcf dr injcf cjhcvchunes usuneey bnvg nj cjaentgh sgea-gstggi, ns wgee ns n

fgrtncjty da fdjvcftcdj n`dut tbg fdrrgftjgss njh cipdrtnjfg da tbgcr chgns. Xbcs ornjhcdscty fnj

fdjtrcùtg td pddr luhoigjt, wbcfb, cj turj, datgj rgsuets cj fbndtcf pnttgrjs da pgrsdjne njh

prdagsscdjne rgentcdjsbcps. Pghufgh jggh adr seggp cs jdt fbnrnftgrcstcf da njy dtbgr psyfbcntrcf

hcsdrhgr njh cs usuneey sggj cj injcf njh bypdinjcf stntgs.>8

Cjfrgnsgh sgxunecty cs egss prgvnegjt

ùt bcobey spgfcacf njh cipuescvcty ns wgee ns crrctn`cecty nppgnr td `g n anftdr prgsgjt cj jgnrey nee

stuhcgs da `cpdenr pntcgjts.

Injcn cs fbnrnftgrczgh `y gxfgssgs da nee kcjhs njh cjtgipgrntg hrcjkcjo iny `g lust djg

nspgft da tbcs ogjgrne pnttgrj. Nefdbde hdgs prdvchg rgecga ardi tbg crrctn`cecty, rgstegssjgss njh

noctntcdj nssdfcntgh wctb injcn njh, jdt surprcscjoey, nefdbde usg datgj cjfrgnsgs hrnintcfneey

hurcjo icxgh stntgs (tbg stntgs cj wbcfb syiptdis da `dtb hgprgsscdj njh injcn dffur

sciuetnjgdusey).>7

Wjadrtujntgey, bdwgvgr, nefdbde njh hruo nùsg datgj wdrsgjs tbg dvgrnee

fdursg da injcf-hgprgsscvg ceejgss.

>0Lnicsdj, Iuscf njh tbg @rncj< Hgprgsscdj njh Frgntcvcty Vyipdscui, sggbttp0.>6Knspgr, dp. fct., p. 27.>8C`ch., p. >6>7C`ch., p. 62.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k4UJhPiBE6chttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k4UJhPiBE6chttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k4UJhPiBE6chttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k4UJhPiBE6c


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1

Cj rgonrh td hgprgsscdj, tbgrg nrg fgrtncj fbnrnftgrcstcfs da `cpdenr hgprgsscdj wbcfb nrg

rgentcvgey spgfcacf. Acrstey, tbcs kcjh da hgprgsscdj ensts npprdxcintgey 0 wggks njh sdigtcigs, cj

sgvgrg fnsgs, idjtbs. Vgfdjhey, `cpdenr hcsdrhgr cs idrg eckgey td nppgnr acrst ns n hgprgsscvg

gpcsdhg wctb tbg adeedwcjo syiptdis< edw gjgroy egvges, aggecjos da hgspncr, hcaacfuety

fdjfgjtrntcjo, gxtrgig antcoug, psyfbdidtdr rgtnrhntcdj (sedwgh igjtne njh pbyscfne

fnpn`cectcgs), cjsdijcn dr bypgrsdijcn, inrkghey hcicjcsbgh cjtgrgst dr pegnsurg cj nftcvctcgs,

scojcacfnjt wgcobt edss dr hgfrgnsg dr cjfrgnsg cj nppgtctg, aggecjos da wdrtbegssjgss dr gxfgsscvg

dr cjnpprdprcntg oucet, hcicjcsbgh n`cecty td tbcjk dr fdjfgjtrntg, cjhgfcscvgjgss, njh sucfchne

chgntcdj.>1

Vu`stnjfg nùsg, tbyrdch hcsgnsg, njh usg da prgsfrcptcdj dr dvgr-tbg-fdujtgr ighcfntcdj

fnj insk dr icicf tbg prgsgjfg da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr. Cj fnsgs da su`stnjfg nùsg, tbg pntcgjt iust

ujhgrod n pgrcdh da hgtdxcacfntcdj njh n`stcjgjfg `gadrg n iddh hcsdrhgr cs hcnojdsgh njh

trgntigjt `gocjs. N rginrknèg acjhcjo tbnt cs fdjscstgjt tbrduobdut injy survgys da pntcgjts

wctb `cpdenr hcsdrhgr cs tbnt pntcgjts bnvg td wnct adr nj nvgrnog da >= ygnrs ardi tbgcr acrst

syiptdis td acrst ighcfntcdj. Cj nhhctcdj, `cpdenr CC hcsdrhgr fnj od ujhcnojdsgh `gfnusg

bypdinjcf gpcsdhgs nrg fbnrnftgrczgh `y bcob gjgroy njh odne-hcrgftgh nftcvctcgs njh datgj rgsuet

cj n pdsctcvg dutfdig, dr nrg pgrfgcvgh cj n pdsctcvg injjgr `y tbg pntcgjt.

Bnvcjo `cpdenr hcsdrhgr cs quctg hcaagrgjt ardi bnvcjo dtbgr hcsgnsgs. ]ntcgjts suaagrcjo

ardi nj ceejgss nffgpt tbg anft tbnt tbgy jggh td tnkg ighcfntcdj cj drhgr td agge `gttgr njh fdjtrde

tbgcr ceejgss, ùt pgdpeg wctb `cpdenr ceejgss datgjtcigs rgausg td tnkg ighcfntcdj njh adeedw nj

npprdprcntg trgntigjt. Gvgj hurcjo n injcf dr n hgprgsscvg gpcsdhg, `cpdenr pntcgjts nrg

argqugjtey jdt nwnrg tbgy bnvg n prdègi (n fdjhctcdj kjdwj ns njdsdojdscn) njh tbgrgadrg

acriey `gecgvg tbgy hd jdt jggh n trgntigjt nt nee.>?

Gxpgrts fenci tbnt tbg wdrst tbcjo n pgrsdj

wctb `cpdenr hcsdrhgr fnj hd cs nvdch trgntigjt `gfnusg tbg hcsdrhgr tgjhs td ogt wdrsg cj fnsg da

jdj-trgntigjt. N edt da stuhcgs sbdw tbnt injcf njh hgprgsscvg gpcsdhgs `gfdig idrg argqugjt

njh sgvgrg dvgr tcig, wctb idrg hgprgsscvg njh egss injcf gpcsdhgs. Onry Vnfbs, adujhgr njh

hcrgftdr da tbg @cpdenr Fecjcf njh Pgsgnrfb ]rdorni nt Inssnfbusgtts Ogjgrne Bdspctne, njh

nssdfcntg prdagssdr da psyfbcntry nt Bnrvnrh Ighcfne Vfbdde cj @dstdj snys< Ca yduvg bnh

sgvgrne [`cpdenrY gpcsdhgs, tbgrg cs prd`nèy n 1= td 2= pgrfgjt fbnjfg tbnt ydu wcee bnvg djg

gpcsdhg gvgry ygnr ca ujtrgntgh.>2

Bdwgvgr, wctb n prdpgr trgntigjt, wbcfb usuneey cjfeuhgs

ighcfntcdj njh psyfbdtbgrnpy, n `cpdenr pntcgjt fnj prd`nèy fut tbg rcsk da bnvcjo nj gpcsdhg `y

bnea. ]syfbcntrcsts newnys gipbnsczg tbg cipdrtnjfg da tnkcjo ighcfntcdj gvgj `gtwggj tbg

gpcsdhgs da hgprgsscdj dr injcn, scjfg tbg fdjscstgjfy cj tnkcjo ighcfntcdj usuneey stn`ceczgsiddh swcjos.

Ct cs cjtgrgstcjo td egnrj tbnt nee da tbg prgvcdusey gxpencjgh `gbnvcdrne fbnrnftgrcstcfs

adri jdt djey n pnrt da tbg injcf-hgprgsscvg pgrsdjnecty, ùt tbg nrtcstcf djg ns wgee.

>1C`ch., p. >6.

>?IfFdy, @cpdenr Hcsdrhgr njh Njdsdojdscn.>2Chgi., Xbg Fdursg da @cpdenr Hcsdrhgr Dvgr Xcig.


12/51

?

>.6@cpdenr hcsdrhgr njh tbg nrtcstcf pgrsdjnectyCt bns `ggj prgsgjtgh cj rgfgjt rgsgnrfb tbnt, fdipnrgh td ogjgrne pdpuentcdj, wrctgrs njh

nrtcsts sbdw gxfgghcjoey hcsprdpdrtcdjntg rntg da hgprgsscvg ceejgssgs, cjfeuhcjo injcf-hgprgsscvg

ceejgss. Orgnt pgdpeg, fdipdsgrs, wrctgrs, njh pdgts wctb prd`nèg sgvgrg hgprgsscvg hcsdrhgrs

nrg, nidjo injy< @ggtbdvgj, Qnj Odob, Edrh @yrdj, Bgftdr @grecdz, Ghonr Neenj ]dg, IckbnceOecjkn, Ldbj Kgnts, Bdjdrg hg @neznf, Pd`grt Vfbuinjj, Fbnregs Hcfkgjs, Inxci Odrky,

Jckdenc Odode, Egd Xdestdy, gtf.>3

Xbgrg cs nesd n surprcscjoey enrog jui`gr da pdpuenr iuscfcnjs

wctb sdig typg da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr< Fdjjcg Arnjfcs, Xdi _ncts, Jcjn Vcidjg, Arnjk Vcjntrn,

@gsscg Victb, Nxe Pdsg, Vcjgnh D'Fdjjdr, @gj Iddhy, Pdsginry Feddjgy, Lcic Bgjhrcx, Infy

Orny, Gicecg Nutuij, Dzzy Ds`durjg, @gtb Bnrt, @rcnj _cesdj, Niy _cjgbdusg, Pny Hnvcgs,

Kurt Fd`ncj, Lnjcs Ldpecj, Nhni Njt, njh sd dj. Vdig da tbg iuscfcnjs (Gicecg Nutuij, Vcjgnh

DFdjjdr, @gtb Bnrt, Kurt Fd`ncj, Pdsginry Feddjgy, gtf.) bnvg dpgjey spdkgj n`dut tbgcr

ceejgss dj XQ, cj jgwspnpgr nrtcfegs dr cj tbgcr nutd`cdornpbcgs, njh dtbgrs bnvg hcspenygh

d`vcdus syiptdis da tbg hcsdrhgr adr tbg idst pnrt da tbgcr ecvgs.

N pdsscèg ecjk `gtwggj inhjgss njh ogjcus bns gxcstgh adr fgjturcgs jdw, newnys

fnuscjo fdjtrdvgrsy njh spgfuentcdjs da nee kcjhs. Cj njfcgjt tcigs, ct wns `gecgvgh tbnt hcvcjg

inhjgss njh cjspcrntcdj fdueh `g nttncjgh djey hurcjo, adr cjstnjfg, edss da fdjsfcdusjgss, ceejgss,

inhjgss, dr stntgs da pdssgsscdj dr d`sgsscdj.0=

Jdwnhnys, gxpgrts tbcjk tbg nrtcstcf stntgs da

icjh, datgj fneegh acjg inhjgss, nrg fbnrnftgrczgh `y rnocjo gjgroy, bcob iddh, qucfk

cjtgeecogjfg, n sgjsg da tbg vcscdjnry njh tbg ornjh, njh n rgstegss njh agvgrcsb tgipgrnigjt.

Wjadrtujntgey, ciigjsgey hnrkgr iddhs, orciigr gjgrocgs njh, ardi tcig td tcig, `duts da

inhjgss nrg nesd nj cjtgorne pnrt da tbg nrtcstcf icjh. Xbg dppdsctg iddhs njh gjgrocgs adri

tbg fdiidj vcgw jdt djey da tbg nrtcstcf ùt nesd tbg injcf-hgprgsscvg pgrsdjnecty. Egnrjcjo

tbrduob cjtgjsg, gxtrgig, njh datgj pncjaue gxpgrcgjfgs, njh uscjo wbnt bns `ggj egnrjgh td nhh

ignjcjo njh hgptb td frgntcvg wdrk, cs prd`nèy tbg idst wchgey nffgptgh njh wrcttgj n`dut

nspgft da tbg rgentcdjsbcp `gtwggj igenjfbdey, inhjgss, njh tbg nrtcstcf gxpgrcgjfg.0>

@gadrg tbg rgentcdjsbcp cs gxpencjgh cj hgtnce, ct cs gssgjtcne td gipbnsczg tbnt ct cs jdt

jgfgssnry adr nj nrtcst td od tbrduob nee tbg gxtrgigs da iddhs njh, da fdursg, oddh nrt cs jdt

ounrnjtggh `y tbgsg fbnjogs nedjg. Frgntcvg nffdipecsbigjt fnjjdt rgsuet ardi tbg igrg

qucfkgjcjo njh dpgjcjo up da tbduobt cj nj dtbgrwcsg ujcinocjntcvg pgrsdj. Ca, bdwgvgr, tbg

fbnjogs cj tbduobt prgvcdusey igjtcdjgh nrg fdupegh wctb cinocjntcdj njh hcsfcpecjg, tbg

pdssc`cectcgs adr frgntcjo enstcjo njh sustncjcjo nrt iny `g orgntey gjbnjfgh.00

>3Adr n ecst da anidus pgdpeg wbd neegoghey suaagrgh ardi `cpdenr hcsdrhgr, sgg

bttp= Lnjunry, 0=>6.0=Knspgr, dp. fct., p. >, 0.

0>Lnicsdj, dp. fct.,p. 0.00C`ch., >>6
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_with_bipolar_disorderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_with_bipolar_disorderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_with_bipolar_disorder


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Injcf pntcgjts, nffdrhcjo td rgfgjt rgsgnrfb, gxbc`ct strckcjo fdi`cjntdry tbcjkcjo. Injcn

nesd cjfrgnsgs djgs n`cecty td rbyig, puj njh nssdfcntg sdujhs, njh injy pntcgjts cjstcjftcvgey

stnrt wrctcjo pdgtry wbgj injcf, gvgj wctb jd prcdr cjtgrgst cj gctbgr rgnhcjo dr wrctcjo ct. Cj

nhhctcdj, injcf pntcgjts tgjh jdt djey td spgnk idrg njh idrg rnpchey, `ut nesd td usg idrg

fdedraue njh pdwgraue spggfb wbcfb argqugjtey nttrnfts dtbgr pgdpeg.06

Bypdinjcn njh injcn

datgj `rcjo n`dut vnrcdus chgns njh nssdfcntcdjs, prdpge fdjtnft wctb ecag njh dtbgr pgdpeg,

prdipt arnjtcf gjgrocgs njh gjtbuscnsis, njh fnst nj gfstntcf, sdigwbnt fdsicf bug dvgr ecag.

_bgj nee tbgsg stntgs nrg ujctgh wctb nj cinocjntcvg, d`sgrvnjt, njh rntbgr hcsfcpecjgh icjh, tbgy

icobt rgsuet cj ectgrnry, iuscfne, njh nrtcstcf wdrks da ujcqug pdwgr.08

Cj fdjtrnst td injcn, hgprgsscdj ocvgs n fdipegtgey hcaagrgjt vcgw dj rgnecty, djg wbcfb

ujinsks tbg trnjscgjt jnturg da ecag njh tbg acjnecty da hgntb. Ct cs tbgrgadrg jdt surprcscjo td egnrj

tbnt rgfgjt rgsgnrfb bns sbdwj tbnt d`sgrvntcdjs njh `gecgas `rduobt n`dut hurcjo icehey

hgprgssgh stntgs nrg nftuneey fedsgr td rgnectytbnj jdrine iddh stntgs, wbcfb ujhgrsfdrgs tbg

dijcprgsgjt hgjcne cj gvgryhny ecag njh ocvgs frghgjfg td X. V. Gecdts vcgw tbnt buinj kcjh

fnjjdt `gnr vgry iufb rgnecty.07

Cj nhhctcdj td tbg fbnjogs cj iddh njh tbduobt tbnt nrg `rduobt n`dut `y injcn njh

hgprgsscdj, gvgryhny nspgfts da tbg `cpdenr tgipgrnigjt fnj prdvchg nrtcstcf `gjgacts ns wgee.

Ecag cs n tgipgstudus gxpgrcgjfg adr tbdsg wbdsg iddhs fbnjog datgj njh cjtgjsgey. Xbg injcf-

hgprgsscvg dr fyfedtbyicf tgipgrnigjt bns tbg fnpnfcty td rgnft strdjoey njh qucfkey njh ct cs,

`cdedocfneey, nj negrt njh gxfctn`eg systgi.01

Ct rgspdjhs td tbg wdreh wctb n `rdnh rnjog da

gidtcdjne, pgrfgptune, cjtgeegftune, `gbnvcdrne, njh gjgroy fbnjogs, njh ct frgntgs nrdujh ctsgea

`dtb tbg pdssc`cectcgs njh fbnds naadrhgh `y netgrgh gxpgrcgjfgs njh tgipds. N stuhy bns sbdwgh

tbnt djg da tbg inldr fbnrnftgrcstcfs da tbg cjhcvchunes wctb fyfedtbyicf tgipgrnigjt cs gnscey

aneecjo cj edvg; tbgcr frgntcvg cipuesgs usuneey icrrdr tbg rgstegss pursuct da rdinjtcf

dppdrtujctcgs.0?

Xbg aeuftuntcdjs cj ecag, tbg hyjnicfs da tgipgrnigjt, njh nee tbg hcaacfuetcgs da acjg

inhjgss nrg wgee ceeustrntgh `y tbg trnocf ecvgs da Lnjcs Ldpecj njh Niy _cjgbdusg td wbdi wg

turj td jgxt.

06C`ch., >=?, >=208C`ch.,p. 0?-66.

07C`ch.,p. >>3.01@gjnzzc, Fyfedtbyicf XgipgrnigjtXbg Cipnft da Nog.

0?Bnodp, Xbg Gvdeutcdjnry Vcojcacfnjfg Da Naagftcvg Xgipgrnigjts.


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3

Fbnpgr 0. CI N QCFXCI DA IS D_J CJVCHGVLnjcs Ldpecj

0.> Lust eckg gvgrydjg gesg4

Injy pgdpeg icobt tbcjk tbnt tbg acrst njh tbg idst cjaeugjtcne rdfk jrdee wdinj iust bnvg bnh n

tgrrcèg njh hcstrgsscjo fbcehbddh wbcfb enrogey cjaeugjfgh `dtb tbg adrintcdj da bgr pdwgraue njhhgstruftcvg fbnrnftgr, njh tbg fbdsgj ecagstyeg cj bgr entgr ecag; bdwgvgr, hgspctg tbg anft tbgrg cs n

fgrtncj psyfbdedocfne `nscs td suppdrt sufb n vcgw, Lnjcss gnrey fbcehbddh, nffdrhcjo td bgr

injy `cdornpbgrs, wns jdt aceegh wctb tdrigjt, hcstrgss, dr njoucsb.

Xbcs gxtrnvnonjt, bcobey gidtcdjne, cjtgeecogjt, wctty, njh frgntcvg nrtcst wns `drj njh

`rduobt up cj n sinee dce rgacjgry tdwj wbcfb wns, dj tbg djg bnjh, auee da gstnècsbgh trnhctcdjne

njh rgecocdus jdris njh, dj tbg dtbgr, vgry hcaacfuet adr ordwcjo up hug td n edt da vcdegjfg njh

`nrs, `rdtbges, njh oniècjo hgjs. Xbg tdwj tbnt, cj Lnjcss dwj wdrhs, enuobgh bgr dut, wns tbg

penfg da tbg oddh ns dppdsgh td tbg `nh, wbgrg tbg inldrcty da cts anicecgs rncsgh tbgcr

fbcehrgj cj nffdrhnjfg wctb trnhctcdj tbgcr hnuobtgrs wgrg suppdsgh td `gfdig prdpgr enhcgs,tbgcr sdjs sdutbgrj ogjtegigj.

02 Ns sddj ns sbg orgw up njh rgnfbgh pdp stnrhdi, Lnjcs

hgsfrc`gh bgr bdigtdwj scipey ns hrn` wbceg nt tbg snig tcig rgfdujtcjo bgr fbcehbddh ns

jgnrey chyeecf.03

Xbg hrn` tdwj sdujhgh eckg n oddh penfg td ecvg td Lnjcss antbgr Vgtb wbd wns idst

jdtnèy rgspdjscèg adr Lnjcss edvg da `ddks njh fdjtgipentcdj, njh pgrbnps bgr cjfecjntcdj

tdwnrhs nefdbde njh hruos. Vgtb wns n pnsscdjntg rgnhgr, ùt `gschgs `gcjo n sgfrgt cjtgeegftune

nee bcs ecag, bg wns nesd wgee kjdwj adr ceegoneey inkcjo ocj njh sidkcjo inrclunjn cj bcs

ydutb.6=

Netbduob bg bnh `ggj kjdwj ns n wdinjczgr, Vgtb gvgjtuneey hgfchgh td inrry

Hdrdtby, Lnjcss idtbgr, wctb wbdi bg wdueh gsfnpg ]drt Nrtbur `drghdi `y vcsctcjo Ed ucscnjn`nrs wbgrg tbgy wdueh hrcjk nefdbde njh gjldy gxfgeegjt hnjfg iuscf. Lnjcs cjbgrctgh bgr iuscfne

ocat prcinrcey ardi bgr idtbgr Hdrdtby, n vgry tnegjtgh njh prdicscjo scjogr gjhdwgh wctb n

vdcfg sd pdwgraue njh purg tbnt ct ansfcjntgh neidst njydjg wbd bgnrh ct.6>

Vbg snjo nt wghhcjos

njh cj fburfbgs njh, wbceg stcee cj bcob sfbdde, sbg wns daagrgh n rdeg cj n iuscfne cj Jgw Sdrk

ùt sbg rgausgh ct. Cj ecgu da odcjo td Jgw Sdrk, Hdrdtby d`tncjgh n sfbdenrsbcp `y wcjjcjo n

scjocjo fdipgtctcdj njh sbg stnrtgh stuhycjo sded scjocjo cj Xgxns; ct turjgh dut vgry sddj tbnt

bgr prdagssdr tnuobt djey dpgrn, sd sbg hrdppgh dut njh wgjt `nfk bdig. Lust eckg Lnjcs bgrsgea,

bgr hgfcscvg, hcsfcpecjgh, njh bcobey cjtgeecogjt idtbgr wns djfg kjdwj ns nj nuhnfcdus ocre

prdjg td rg`geecdus `gbnvcdr wbcfb wns, cj Nigrcfn cj tbg >36=s, fbnrnftgrczgh `y sbdrt bncrfuts,

tcobt hrgssgs, bcob-bgges, fconrgttg sidkcjo, njh tnèg hnjfcjo.60

02Arcghinj,@urcgh Necvg.03Anrcs, Ecvcjo cj tbg Hgnh \djg, edfntcdj 6>.6=Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 7=0.6>Ldpecj, V elu`nvelu, Lnjcs, p. 03.60C`ch.,p. 03-6>.


15/51

>=

Lnjcs wns tbg acrst fbceh `drj jdt dj n anri ùt cj n tdwj bdspctne. Xbg Ldpecjs fencigh

tbnt n`sdeutgey jdtbcjo cj Lnjcss gnrey fbcehbddh pdcjtgh td tbg prdègis tbnt sbg entgr anfgh njh

aduobt. Xbg syiptdis da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr nrg idstey tbg snig cj fbcehrgj njh cj nhuets wctb

sbdrtgr hurntcdj da gpcsdhgs cj fbcehrgj njh, nffdrhcjo td Lnjcss `cdornpbgrs, tbgrg wgrg jd scojs

da injcn, hgprgsscdj, crrctn`cecty, dr dtbgr syiptdis cj bgr fbcehbddh. ûctg tbg fdjtrnry,

Hdrdtby hcsfedsgh tbnt ct wns ancrey gnsy td rgnr tbg cjtgeecogjt njh, ns stntgh `y Lnjcss scstgr

Enurn, gnrey inturgh ocre wctb n `gnutcaue siceg. Lnjcss `gbnvcdr njh nttctuhgs, snch Hdrdtby,

wgrg jdt cj njy wny hcaagrgjt ardi dtbgr fbcehrgj, netbduob sbg nppgnrgh sdigwbnt ujbnppy ca

sbg hch jdt ogt gjduob nttgjtcdj nee tbg tcig.

Hrnwcjo, iuscf, njh wrctcjo wgrg tbg nrtcstcf tgjhgjfcgs tbnt Lnjcs stnrtgh gxbc`ctcjo nt nj

gnrey nog; surprcscjoey, sbg wns igrgey 2 ygnrs deh wbgj sbg wrdtg bgr acrst peny. Gvgj tbduob

sdig da bgr `cdornpbgrs fenci sbg wns nj gxfgeegjt pupce, bgr scstgr Enurn `rduobt dut tbg anft

tbnt Lnjcss nfbcgvgigjts cj tbg edwgr ornhgs da tbg gegigjtnry sfbdde fdueh `g fneegh oddh ùt

jdt gxfgeegjt.66

Xbg rgnsdj adr tbnt wns, cj Enurns dpcjcdj, tbg anft tbnt Lnjcs wns jdt aueey

fbneegjogh `y tbg sfbddes prdornis njh tbg `drghdi entgr turjgh cjtd nj dpgj rg`geecdj noncjst

`dtb bgr tgnfbgrs njh tbg idjdtdjdus ghufntcdj systgi da tbg tcig.

Netbduob ct sggigh tbnt Lnjcss cjfrghcèg vdcfg sprnjo dut da jdwbgrg wbgj sbg wns >?,

bgr edvg da iuscf fnig ardi n vgry spgfcacf njh ujcqug penfg bgr pnrgjts. Lnjcss antbgr Vgtb

edvgh fensscfne iuscf, wbgrgns Hdrdtby wns idrg cjfecjgh tdwnrhs adek njh èugs. Xbg bdusg

wns auee da iuscf idst da tbg tcig njh Hdrdtby trcgh bgr `gst td tgnfb Lnjcs td peny fb cehrgjs

sdjos dj tbg pcnjd njh scjo sfnegs prdpgrey, tbus fnuscjo hcsfdrhnjt jdcsg cj tbg bdusg, crrctntcjo

Vgtb, njh datgjtcigs egnhcjo td pnrgjts netgrfntcdjs. Natgr bnvcjo bgr tbyrdch rgidvgh, Hdrdtby

neidst fdipegtgey edst bgr n`cecty td scjo njh Vgtb hgfchgh td sgee tbg pcnjd sd tbnt ct hch jdt

rgicjh Hdrdtby da bgr trnocf edss.68Xbgrg cs n pdssc`cecty tbnt tbcs gvgjt bnh n fgrtncj cipnft dj

tbg adrintcdj da Lnjcss nttctuhg tdwnrhs iuscf tbnt rgsuetgh cj bgr entgr pgrscstgjt agnr da edscjo

bgr vdcfg njh, tbgrgadrg, bgr fnrggr.67

Cj spctg da tbnt, Lnjcs iust bnvg nesd `ggj bcobey nwnrg da

bgr gxfgsscvg hrcjkcjo njh sidkcjo tbnt bnh nj gquneey buog cipnft dj bgr vdcfg.

_bgtbgr Hdrdtby wns igrgey adrogtaue dr sbg scipey jgghgh td prgsgjt bgr gehgst fbceh s

ecag ns pdsctcvg ns pdsscèg wcee rgincj ujkjdwj, ùt wg fnj jdw egnrj ardi Iyrn Arcghinjs

`cdornpby tbnt Hdrdtby bnh jd jgontcvg wdrhs adr bgr hnuobtgrs `gbnvcdr cj fbcehbddh. Dj tbg

dtbgr bnjh, Lnjcss scstgr Enurn sbghs n hcaagrgjt ecobt dj Lnjcssfbcehbddh njh fencis tbnt Vgtb

njh Hdrdtby wgrg nt tcigs sbdfkgh `y Lnjcss cjnpprdprcntg `gbnvcdr njh bgr tgstcjo bgr pnrgjts

ecicts iufb idrg tbnj tbg twd ydujogr fbcehrgj wgrg gvgr needwgh td.61 Bgr prdjdujfgh

stu``drjjgss, prgvcdusey jdt sd nppnrgjt, fdueh `g d`sgrvgh wbgj Vgtb trcgh td inkg bgr stdp

tbui` sufkcjo nt tbg nog da 2 `y adr`chhcjo bgr td ecstgj td bgr anvdrctg rnhcd sbdw. Lnjcs wgjt

66C`ch., p. 7=.68C`ch.,p. 6?, 62.67Ousg, Adrgvgr 0? - N ]syfbdedocfne ]rdaceg da Kurt Fd`ncj, Lnjcs Ldpecj, Lci Idrrcsdj, njh Lcic Bgjhrcx,edfntcdj 83=.61C`ch.,p. 62.


16/51

>>

wcehey bystgrcfne njh egat bgr pnrgjts cj n fdipegtg `gwcehgrigjt. @gschgs tbg gvchgjt

stu``drjjgss, Lnjcs edvgh td fdipgtg njh `g tbg wcjjgr cj juigrdus frgntcvg nftcvctcgs bgr

pnrgjts fnig up wctb. Xbgrg cs n pdssc`cecty tbnt djg da tbdsg nftcvctcgs fnusgh Lnjcss aggecjos da

syipntby adr rgjgonhgs `gfnusg Vgtb usgh td gjtgrtncj bcs fbcehrgj `y tnkcjo tbgi td tbg edfne

pdst daacfg wbgrg tbgy wdueh eddk nt tbg pcfturgs da wnjtgh frcicjnes.6?

Ct wns gvgj idrg

cjnpprdprcntg wbgj, td Hdrdtbys sbdfk njh hcsnpprdvne, Vgtb tdeh Lnjcs bdw bg bnh `ggj trycjo

td inkg ocj cj bcs ydutb, wbcfb iufb entgr rgsuetgh cj Lnjcssnttgipt td inkg `ggr cj n `ntbtu`.62

Fdjtrnry td tbg inldrcty da pnrgjts cj ]drt Nrtbur, Lnjcss pnrgjts, gspgfcneey Vgtb, bgeh

idrg ec`grne nttctuhgs njh vcgws netbduob tbgy wgrg vgry rgspgftaue da tbg `gbnvcdrne jdris cj tbg

tdwj. Nffdrhcjo td psyfbdedoy, n fbceh inkgs cts wny cj tbg wdreh `y nffgptcjo dr rglgftcjo cts

ogjhgr ouchcjo ecjgs njh Lnjcs, ct sggis, inhg bgr wny cj tbg wdreh `y `gcjo idrg cjfecjgh

tdwnrhs bgr antbgr Vgtb. Ct cs jdt n sgfrgt tbnt Hdrdtby, n Vujhny sfbdde tgnfbgr, rgqugstgh Lnjcs

td fdjadri td neidst nee tbg sdfcne jdris td hrgss njh `gbnvg lust eckg tbg dtbgr ocres njh inkgbgr anicey prduh. Xbgsg rgqugsts bnh nj gjdridus cipnft dj Lnjcss entgr ecag njh prd`nèy bgr

fdjstnjt aggecjos da cjagrcdrcty `gfnusg sbg wdueh newnys egt bgr idtbgrs gxpgftntcdjs njh

wcsbgs hdwj. Hug td tbg bcob njh fdjsgrvntcvg gxpgftntcdjs Hdrdtby sgt adr bgr gehgst hnuobtgr,

sbg njh Lnjcs wdueh datgj bnvg nrouigjts njh entgr dj, wbgj Lnjcs rgnfbgh pu`grty, tbg

nrouigjts turjgh cjtd sgrcdus `nttegs `gtwggj gquneey strdjo wcees njh fbnrnftgrs. Ns tbg rgsuet da

tbnt, Lnjcs stnrtgh chgjtcaycjo strdjoey wctb bgr ntbgcst antbgr wbdsg cjfecjntcdjs tdwnrhs

iystcfcsi njh hggpgr ignjcjos wgrg prd`nèy pnssgh dj td Lnjcs. Xbg qugstcdj cs wbgtbgr tbgsg

Vgtbs trncts wgrg iny`g tbg rgsuet da bcs hgprgsscvg pgrsdjnecty4 Ca tbnt cs tbg fnsg, Lnjcs fdueh

bnvg cjbgrctgh tbg fbnrnftgrcstcf tbnt adrigh n sdech `nscs adr bgr `cpdenr hcsdrhgr njh nesd tbg fd-

dffurrcjo su`stnjfg nùsg, gspgfcneey nefdbde hgpgjhgjfg. Vtuhcgs sbdw tbnt n edt da nhhcfts

fdig ardi tbg sd-fneegh sbnicjo anicecgs cj wbcfb igi`grs jgvgr sggi nèg td hd njytbcjorcobt dr oddh gjduob.

63

_rnppgh up cj bgr idtbgrs rcochjgss njh bgr antbgrs kcjhjgss, Lnjcs rgnfbgh pu`grty

njh stnrtgh odcjo td bcob sfbdde. Xbg pgrcdh wns iufb idrg nrhudus adr Lnjcs tbnj adr tbg rgst da

bgr pggrs. Vuhhgjey, sbg snch, tbg wbdeg wdreh wgjt hdwj dj bgr. Dr hch sbg od hdwj dj ct wctb

nee tbg adrfg da bgr inojgtcf pgrsdjnecty4

6?C`ch., p 81.62C`ch.,p. 61.63Jnkkgj, Xbg Nhhcftcvg ]grsdjnecty,p. >>7


17/51

>0

0.0 Hdwj dj bgr

Cj 0==2 n fecjcfne rgsgnrfb sbdwgh tbnt jdvgety sggkcjo, bnri nvdchnjfg, sgea-

hcrgftghjgss, ns wgee ns fddpgrntcvgjgss nrg tbg pgrsdjnecty trncts tbnt nrg datgj idst fedsgey

rgentgh td `cpdenr hcsdrhgr. Xbgrg nrg nesd sdig nutbdrs wbd fenci tbnt njxcgty njh/dr hgprgsscdj

iny `g n prcinry hcigjscdj cj `cpdenr hcsdrhgr, njh tbgsg nrg prgfcsgey tbg fdjhctcdjs Lnjcsstnrtgh gxbc`ctcjo ns sddj ns sbg stnrtgh bcob sfbdde.

8=

@gadrg sbg turjgh >7, Lnjcs fdueh `g sggj wgnrcjo bgnvy inkgup, furey bncr, aent skcrt njh

wbctg sbcrt, ùt nt n`dut tbcs tcig sbg fbnjogh tbnt njh stnrtgh dpgjey gxprgsscjo dpcjcdjs njh

nttctuhgs wbcfb bnh prd`nèy `ggj ùzzcjo cj bgr bgnh up ujtce tbgj. Bnh sbg rgincjgh hgiurg,

nt egnst pbyscfneey, iny`g bgr pggrs wdueh bnvg nffgptgh bgr rg`geecdus `gbnvcdr njh vgr`dscty ,

ùt Lnjcss fbnjog cj nttctuhgs wgjt bnjh cj bnjh wctb nee dtbgr fbnjogs. Vbg stnrtgh wgnrcjo

lgnjs njh X-sbcrts, nhdptgh n jgw wnekcjo styeg njh pdsturg, njh furscjo `gfnig bgr anvdrctg

adri da gxprgsscdj gvgj wbgj sbg wns jdt njory. Bgr fenssintgs wdueh prdvdkg bgr lust td bgnr

bgr swgnr njh Lnjcs hch jdt bdeh bgrsgea hdwj sbg hch ogt njory njh fursgh igrfcegssey njh bgrfenss wdueh newnys bnvg n oddh enuob. Hch Lnjcs wctb bgr adue idutb nftuneey adeedw bgr

idtbgrs addtstgps scjfg Hdrdtby wns bgeh adr nj dutspdkgj ocre cj tbg >36=s `gfnusg sbg usgh

tbg wdrh hnijgh cj puècf4 Natgr `gcjo hgjdujfgh adr bgr vgr`ne gxfgss, Hdrdtby iust bnvg

nvdchgh furscjo njh hch bgr `gst td tgnfb bgr gehgst hnuobtgr tbg snig, ùt Lnjcs ornhuneey

stnrtgh rglgftcjo nee bgr idtbgrs nhvcfg njh cjstruftcdjs. Hdrdtbys rgfdiigjhntcdjs dj bdw

jdt td `g tdd hcaagrgjt prdvdkgh cj Lnjcs fdipegtgey dppdsctg `gbnvcdr< sbg djfg stddh cj ardjt da

bgr tgnfbgr njh tbg wbdeg fenss njh stntgh, cj tbg ichheg da rnfcne sgorgontcdj, tbnt ènfk njh

wbctg pgdpeg wgrg tbg snig.8>

Xbgy stnrtgh fneecjo bgr n jcoogredvgr nt sfbdde njh Lnjcs

hgagjhgh bgrsgea noncj `y furscjo wbcfb sbg prnftcfgh wctb bgr `gst arcgjh dj n rgouenr `nscs.

@nfk nt bdig, sbg wdueh spgjh bdurs njh bdurs frycjo njh suaagrcjo adr `gcjo icsujhgrstddh. Nt

n`dut tbcs tcig, njdtbgr frufcne tbcjo bnppgjgh td Lnjcs nt bdig< bgr antbgr Vgtb, wbdi sbg

nhdrgh, stdppgh bnvcjo edjo fdjvgrsntcdjs wctb bgr, iny`g bg wnjtgh n sinrt sdj dr sdigtbcjo

eckg tbnt, snch Lnjcs cj bgr fdjvgrsntcdj wctb bgr `cdornpbgr Hnvch Hnetdj.80

_by hch Vgtb hd

tbnt4 Ct iust bnvg bnh nj gjdridus cipnft dj Lnjcs njh iny`g tbnt wns djg da tbg rgnsdjs sbg

stnrtgh bnjocjo dut wctb `dys njh hcspenycjo ineg fbnrnftgrcstcfs.

@g tbnt ns ct iny, ct wns nppnrgjt tbnt, scjfg tbg `gocjjcjo da bgr bcob sfbdde hnys, Lnjcs

fdueh jdt `g eckg gvgry`dhy gesg njy idrg. Xbg igjtne trnjsadrintcdj sbg wns odcjo tbrduob

wns fedsgey rgentgh td tbg pbyscfne djg, njh tbg enttgr wns gquneey pncjaue njh frufcne cj tbg

adrintcdj da Lnjcss pgrsdjnecty, ns wgee ns bgr hgprgsscdj njh njxcgty tbnt icobt bnvg egh td

`cpdenr hcsdrhgr njh nhhcftcdjs. Cj tbg acrst ornhg da bcob sfbdde sbg suaagrgh adr `gcjo pbyscfneey

ujhgrhgvgedpgh cj fdipnrcsdj td dtbgr ocres njh wbgj bdridjgs stnrtgh sbnpcjo bgr `dhy n`dut

8=An`cnjd gt ne, Xgipgrnigjt njh Fbnrnftgr Xrncts cj ]ntcgjts _ctb @cpdenr Hcsdrhgr njh Nssdfcntcdjs wctb Fdidr`chNefdbdecsi dr Njxcgty Hcsdrhgrs.8>Ldpecj, dp. fct., p. ?=.80Hnetdj,]cgfg da Iy Bgnrt, edfntcdj >67?.


18/51

>6

n ygnr entgr, sbg oncjgh n edt da wgcobt njh bgr anfg `rdkg dut.86

Xbg tgrrcèg nfjg aenrg-ups jgvgr

bgnegh fdipegtgey hgspctg tbg hdftdrs bgep njh gxpgrtcsg, njh Lnjcs suaagrgh tbg sgvgrg skcj

fdjhctcdj idrg dr egss nee bgr ecag. Xd inkg tbcjos gvgj wdrsg, bgr idtbgr njh tbg hdftdrs tbgy

wgrg vcsctcjo hch jdt hd tbgcr `gst td inkg tbg suhhgj uoecjgss gnscgr adr Lnjcs tbgy tdeh bgr sbg

wns tbg djey pgrsdj td `g ènigh adr bgr fdjhctcdj,88

sd Lnjcs ornhuneey stnrtgh edntbcjo

bgrsgea, wbceg nt tbg snig tcig bgr cjsgfurcty orgw strdjogr gnfb hny. Bgr wceh edjo bncr bujo

eddsg dvgr bgr fbggks njh pnrtey fdvgrgh bgr anfg wbcfb idst da tbg tcig inhg bgr agge `nh njh

gi`nrrnssgh. Ct sggigh tbnt bgr djfg strdjo god njh sgea-gstggi stnrtgh td anee npnrt njh Lnjcs

`gonj td bntg bgr pcoocsb gygs, bgr cjctcnes, anfg njh `dhy, njh sbg `ct bgr jnces agrdfcdusey.

Vcjfg n pgrsdjs sgea-wdrtb fnj gnscey `gfdig tcgh td tbgcr pbyscfne nppgnrnjfg, Lnjcs hgacjctgey

rgausgh td peny tbg onig sbg wns `dujh td edsg njh inhg bgr nppgnrnjfg vgry edw prcdrcty. Vbg

rglgftgh bgr eddks `gadrg njydjg gesg fdueh.

Cj nffdrhnjfg wctb tbg rglgftcdj da agicjcty njh intgrjne ouchcjo ecjg, Lnjcs stnrtgh

bnjocjo dut wctb n ordup da `dys wbd sbdwgh bgr, tbrduob `ddks njh iuscf, n wbdeg jgw wdreh

da n hcaagrgjt ecag njh jgw wnys da tbcjkcjo.87Nt n`dut tbg snig tcig, Lnfk Kgrdunf puècsbgh

bcs anidus `ddk Dj tbg Pdnhnjh Lnjcs njh bgr arcgjhs fdipegtgey chgjtcacgh wctb tbg stdry n`dut

`gntjcks. Xbgy wgrg nesd gjtbuscnstcf n`dut tbg wdrks da Neenj Ocjs`gro, H.B. Enwrgjfg, Crvcjo

Vtdjg, njh Lnigs Ldyfg, njh netbduob Gevcs ]rgsegy wns `gfdicjo n buog stnr nt tbg tcig, Lnjcs

njh bgr arcgjhs prgagrrgh ecstgjcjo njh eddkcjo up td trnhctcdjne adek scjogrs sufb ns _ceecg Ing

Xbdrjtdj, Dhgttn, @gsscg Victb, njh Egnh`geey.818?

Xbgcr vdcfgs wgrg aceegh wctb tbg pncj da edst

edvg njh tbg suaagrcjos fnusgh `y sdfcne cjlustcfg, njh Lnjcs `gfnig tbgcr idst hgvdtgh anj. Vbg

gvgj dwgh tbgi, cj n wny, bgr entgr suffgss.

Nt tbg `gocjjcjo da bcob sfbdde, Lnjcs stnrtgh spgjhcjo tcig cj tbg edfne fna wbgrg bgr

acrst pncjtcjo wns sdeh. Bnvcjo dpgjgh tbg hddr td jcobtecag, Lnjcs dpgjgh ygt njdtbgr hddr sbg

wns jgvgr noncj nèg td fedsgtbg hddr td nefdbde njh hruos. Netbduob sbg wns stcee jdt da nog,

sbg hrnjk wbgjgvgr sbg fdueh njh sidkgh inrclunjn wbgj sbg wns nèg td acjh ct, tbus egnrjcjo

vgry gnrey dj bdw td acx rgnectygaadrtegssey. Lnjcss nefdbde fdjsuiptcdj, bgr sgfrgt vcscts td

fnas, njh swgnrcjo fdueh `g nttrcùtgh td bgr n`rupt njh vcodrdus bdridjne fbnjogs ùt,

nffdrhcjo td bgr arcgjhs, nee dtbgr ocres wgjt tbrduob tbgsg trnjsadrintcdjs njh ygt jdjg da tbgi

fdueh gvgr `g fdipnrgh td Lnjcs. N vgry fedsg arcgjh rgvgnegh tbnt, hurcjo djg da tbgcr juigrdus

pnrtcgs, sbg rgicjhgh bci da n Qnj Odobs sgea-pdrtrnct uttgrey arnjtcf wctb tbg gygs da n

inhinj. Bgr cjnpprdprcntg fedtbcjo styeg, swgnrcjo, cjaentgh sgea-gstggi, njh tbg fgrtncjty da

fdjvcftcdj n`dut tbg cipdrtnjfg da bgr vcgws wdueh datgj gjrnog bgr sfbddeintgs, njh sbg86Ldpecj, dp. fct., 1>.88C`ch.,edf. fct.87Ousg, dp. fct., edfntcdj 887.81Ldpecj, dp. fct., p.13., ?8.8?Vdigtcig prcdr td bgr hgntb, Lnjcs pnch adr @gsscg Victbs tdi`stdjg, sggbttp7Lnjunry, 0=>6.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Smithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Smithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Smithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie_Smith


19/51

>8

`gfnig sd hgspcsgh tbnt tbgy wdueh argqugjtey fnee bgr n pco njh tbrdw jcfkges nt bgr. Ct cs

pdsscèg tbnt bgr pggrs hcshncj njh bntrgh cjhufgh sufb n strdjo aggecjo da cjagrcdrcty tbnt Lnjcs

fdueh jgvgr ogt rch da ct; jd inttgr bdw hgspgrntgey sbg entgr trcgh td d`tncj rgfdojctcdj njh

naagftcdj, tbg hggp-rddtgh aggecjo da n`njhdjigjt njh icsujhgrstnjhcjo bnujtgh bgr ujtce tbg

gjh da bgr ecag.82

Xbgrg cs jd fegnr njh prgfcsg cjadrintcdj n`dut tbg hurntcdj da Lnjcss gxfgssgs, njh ct

wdueh fgrtncjey prdvchg us wctb n idrg hgtncegh cjscobt cjtd bgr `cpdenr hcsdrhgr; jgvgrtbgegss,

bgr gvchgjt crrctn`cecty, jnrfcsscsi njh gjonogigjt cj pegnsurnèg nftcvctcgs wctbdut rgonrh td

pncjaue fdjsgqugjfgs icxgh wctb hgprgsscdjs sbg datgj bnh, fdueh bnvg pdcjtgh td n igjtne

hcsdrhgr gvgj wbceg sbg wns stcee cj bcob sfbdde. Bgr gxfgsscvg nefdbde fdjsuiptcdj cj tbg gnrey

njh arnoceg tggjnog ygnrs fdueh nesd `g vcgwgh ns bgr jggh td sgea-ighcfntg bgr cjjgr turidce. Dj

djg dffnscdj sbg wns nskgh td vcsct tbg sfbdde psyfbdedocst `gfnusg da bgr hrcjkcjo njh

cjnpprdprcntg `gbnvcdr, ùt sbg hcsfnrhgh nee tbg nffusntcdjs nrrdonjtey, bchcjo n `dtteg da wcjg cj

bgr rufksnfk hurcjo tbg fdjvgrsntcdj.83

Hdrdtby njh Vgtbs ujpdpuenr hgfcscdj td tnkg bgr td n psyfbdedocst fnj pdcjt td tbg

prdpdrtcdjs da bgr prdègis. Xbgy bdpgh n psyfbdedocst wdueh cjaeugjfg bgr nttctuhgs njh

`gbnvcdr idrg prdadujhey njh tbnt sbg wdueh acjneey stnrt `gbnvcjo eckg dtbgr tggjnogrs. Xd tbgcr

surprcsg, Lnjcs hch nppgnr fnei njh fdipdsgh adr n wbceg. Ct bns nergnhy `ggj igjtcdjgh tbnt djg

da tbg syiptdis da `cpdenr hcsdrhgr cs prdicsfucty njh, netbduob sdig da Lnjcss `cdornpbgrs

spdkg n`dut bgr gnrey prdicsfucty njh acrst bdidsgxune gxpgrcgjfgs cj bcob sfbdde, bgr bcob

sfbdde arcgjhs tbcjk tbnt sbg wns jdt sgxuneey nftcvg up ujtce bgr fdeegog ygnrs. Xbgrg cs n bcob

prd`n`cecty tbnt Lnjcss tgrrcèg nrouigjts wctb bgr idtbgr njh tbg rglgftcdj da agineg ouchcjo

ecjg bnh n buog cipnft dj bgr sgxunecty wbcfb sddj gjduob `gfnig gvgj idrg fdjauscjo njh

cjfdjtrdeenèg.7=

Djg da Lnjcss injy `cdornpbgrs jdtcfgh tbnt sdigtbcjo ujhgreycjo cj Lnjcs put bgr cj

hgstruftcvg sctuntcdjs,7>

njh bgr n`cecty td fdjtrde bgr cjfrgnscjoey hcsnstrdus cipuesgs wns

hgfrgnscjo rnpchey. Cj drhgr td gsfnpg rgnecty njh bgr dvgrwbgeicjo cipuesgs, Lnjcs zgnedusey

turjgh td pncjtcjo njh iuscf eckg injy dtbgr anidus injcf-hgprgsscvgs. Bgr rgentcdjsbcp wctb

bgr idtbgr hch jdt ciprdvg gvgj nt tbg gjh da bcob sfbdde, sd Vgtb njh Hdrdtby wgrg bnppy

`gfnusg sbg wdueh stuhy nt n fdeegog cj jgnr`y @gnuidjt; tbgy bdpgh td tnkg fnrg da bgr ujtce sbg

inturgh njh `gfnig nèg td tnkg fnrg da bgrsgea. Bdwgvgr, scjfg tbg entgst stuhcgs bnvg sbdwj

tbnt `cpdenr hcsdrhgr stnrts nt n`dut >2, wctb tgipgrnigjtne scojs hcspenygh iufb gnrecgr, Lnjcs

njh bgr pnrgjts rgne jcobtinrg wns lust n`dut td `gocj.

82Ousg, dp. fct., edfntcdj 77=.83Ldpecj, dp. fct., p. 27.7=Ousg, dp. fct., edfntcdj 887.

7>ûdtgh cj Anrcs, dp. fct.,edfntcdj ?37.


20/51

>7

0.6 N acgry igenjfbdecnf

_ctbdut `gcjo ns gjtbuscnstcf ns bgr pnrgjts ùt edjocjo adr nffgptnjfg, sgvgjtggj-ygnr-

deh Lnjcs stnrtgh stuhycjo nrt cj jgnr`y @gnuidjt. Vbg hghcfntgh bgrsgea td pncjtcjo njh tbg

pgrsdj sbg nhicrgh njh eddkgh up td idst wns nj gxqucsctgey ocatgh pncjtgr wctb nj gquneey hnrk

fbnrnftgrIdhcoecnjc.70Idhcoecnjc, eckg tbg rgst da Lnjcss chdes, wns wgee kjdwj adr bcs nefdbdenjh bnsbcsb fdjsuiptcdj. Nt n`dut tbcs tcig, Lnjcs nesd hcsfdvgrgh sbg fdueh scjo; bgr iuscfcnj

arcgjhs wgrg sbdfkgh td acjh dut sbg fdueh scjo gxnftey eckg tbg anidus èugs scjogr Dhgttn.76

@gschgs pncjtcjo, Lnjcs pursugh pnrtycjo wctb gqune pnsscdj. Lust eckg bgr pnrgjts injy

ygnrs `gadrg, Lnjcs stnrtgh spgjhcjo tcig cj Bdustdj adek fdaaggbdusgs njh sbg hrnjk sd iufb

tbnt bgr arcgjhs datgj bnh td fnrry bgr bdig.78

Bdw `nh tbg sctuntcdj odt fdueh gnscey `g

fdjfeuhgh `y Lnjcss n`rupt rgturj td ]drt Nrtbur njh bgr sbdrt stny cj bdspctne tbgrgnatgr.

Hdrdtby fencigh tbnt Lnjcs spgjt tcig cj bdspctne hug td n kchjgy cjagftcdj wbceg Lnjcs cjadrigh

bgr arcgjhs sbg bnh bnh n jgrvdus `rgnkhdwj.77

_bd wns tgeecjo tbg trutb4 Luhocjo `y tbg gvgjts

tbnt adeedwgh, ct wns Lnjcs.

Ns sddj ns sbg odt `gttgr, Lnjcs noncj stnrtgh bnjocjo nrdujh wctb bgr deh iuscfcnj

arcgjhs. Vbg nesd stnrtgh ecstgjcjo td @gsscg Victb, bgr nee-tcig anvdrctg,71

njh wgjt dj odcjo dut,

hrcjkcjo njh nftcjo prdicsfudusey. Cj drhgr td sgpnrntg bgr ardi tbg rgst da bgr arcgjhs wbd, cj

Vgtb njh Hdrdtbys dpcjcdj, bnh `ggj n fnusg da Lnjcss ics`gbnvcdr, tbgy hgfchgh td sgjh bgr td

Eds Njogegs wbgrg, nt tbg tcig, tbg `gntjck sfgjg wns aedurcsbcjo. Lnjcs wns gfstntcf. Natgr

spgjhcjo n fdupeg da wggks wctb bgr nujt njh rgfgcvcjo bgr acrst pnyfbgfk, Lnjcs idvgh td n

fbgnp ectteg aent wbcfb wns sd sbn``y njh hcrty tbnt bgr nujt wns sbdfkgh updj vcsctcjo.7?

Lnjcs

wns stcee cjtd pncjtcjo ùt sbg nesd stnrtgh scjocjo cj n edfne `nr. Xd ciprdvg tbgcr frgntcvcty,

`gntjcks usgh vnrcdus hruos, gspgfcneey wcjg njh inrclunjn, ùt tbgrg wgrg tbdsg wbd wgrg hdcjobgrdcj tdd. @gschgs tbg hruos, ujrgstrncjgh sgx wns sdigtbcjo nee `gntjcks gjldygh; ct cjfeuhgh

sgxune rgentcdjsbcps wctb `dtb igj njh wdigj, wctb tbg gipbnscs dj rgentcdjsbcps `gtwggj

hcaagrgjt rnfcne ordups. Lnjcs acjneey aget argg.

Djg fnj djey cinocjg wbnt ec`grntgh Lnjcs wgjt tbrduob cj Qgjcfg @gnfb, ùt natgr n

fdupeg da idjtbs, sbg wgjt `nfk td ]drt Nrtbur.72

Xd bgr arcgjhs njh aniceys surprcsg, Lnjcs

eddkgh, spdkg, njh `gbnvgh cj n strckcjoey hcaagrgjt wny. Dj tbg Jgw Sgnrs Gvg, sbg bnh bgr

acrst puècf pgradrinjfg cj n `nr cj @gnuidjt njh, tbduob tbg nuhcgjfgs rgnftcdj wns rntbgr

pddr, sbg wns jdt hcsfdurnogh njh sbg stnrtgh scjocjo cj puècf dj n rgouenr `nscs. Bgr acrst

rgfdrhcjo gvgr nppgnrgh nt tbg `gocjjcjo da tbg adeedwcjo ygnr. Ct wns n fdiigrfcne adr n `njk cj

70Ldpecj, dp. fct.,p. 30.76Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 261.78Ldpecj, dp. fct.,p. 38.77Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 217.71Lnjcs nesd orgntey nhicrgh Dtcs Pghhcjo, Fbufk @grry, Xcjn Xurjgr, Ectteg Pcfbnrh, @d` Hyenj, @ceecg Bdechny gtf., sgg Hnetdj,

dp. fct., edfntcdjs 208, 266;Arcghinj,dp. fct,. edfntcdjs >28=, >287.7?Ldpecj, dp. fct., p. >=>.


21/51

>1

Xgxns; tbg sdjo Xbcs @njk Cs Sdur @njk wns fdipdsgh `y bgr oddh arcgjhs Lci Enjohdj njh

Xgrry Dwgjs.73

Adr n vgry `rcga pgrcdh da tcig, Lnjcs sggigh td bnvg fbnjogh fdipegtgey< sbg

wns vgry hcecogjt cj bgr stuhcgs nt Eninr; sbg nesd wdrkgh ns n wnctrgss cj n `dwecjo neegy; sbg

hrgssgh njh `gbnvgh prgsgjtnèy; njh sbg spgjt bgr argg tcig bnvcjo edjo fdjvgrsntcdjs njh

hrcjkcjo wctb bgr arcgjh Lnfk Victb dj n `gnfb.1=

Bdwgvgr, stdrcgs n`dut n ecvgey Nustcj fdiiujcty sddj rgnfbgh ]drt Nrtbur njh Lnjcs bnh

td od njh sgg ct adr bgrsgea. Vbg stnrtgh pnrtycjo noncj. Hurcjo tbg suiigr, sbg gjrdeegh cj tbg

Acjg Nrts prdorni nt tbg Wjcvgrscty da Xgxns njh idvgh cj n adek/`gnt npnrtigjt bdusg kjdwj ns

tbg Obgttd wbgrg sbg snjo cj n sinee `njh fneegh tbg _neegr Frggk @dys. Xbgy pgradrigh

èugornss, deh fdujtry njh adek sdjos, ùt Lnjcs wns jdt fdiicttgh td njy pnrtcfuenr styeg ygt.

Vbg bnh prgtty iufb tbg snig rgpgrtdcrg nt Xbrgnhocees, netbduob sbg wdueh scjo bgr anvdrctg

èugs sdjo ardi tcig td tcig. Ct cs cipdrtnjt td igjtcdj tbg anft tbnt gvgry`dhy wbd bgnrh Lnjcs

cj Nustcj nt tbg tcig, fencigh entgr tbnt sbg bnh edst tbg sbggr `gnuty da bgr vdfne `gadrg sbg gvgj

stnrtgh scjocjo wctb @co @rdtbgr. Bgr arcgjh Ldbj Feny cjscstgh, Vbgs prgtty wgee edst bgr

vdcfg `y tbg tcig sbg wns rgneey anidus. Xbnt rgneey ogts ig! Lnjcs Ldpecj wns èdwcj Nigrcfns

icjh nt bnea pdwgr!1>

Nt n`dut tbg snig tcig, Lnjcs gjhgh n sgrcdus rgentcdjsbcp njh stnrtgh wctb prdicsfucty

noncj, tbcs tcig dpgjey gxprgsscjo bgr bdidsgxune tgjhgjfcgs. Vbg wns jgctbgr bnppy jdr

nffgptgh nt tbg Wjcvgrscty da Xgxns njh, wbgj sbg wns jdicjntgh adr Xbg Woecgst Inj dj

Fnipus, Lnjcs wns fdipegtgey frusbgh njh frcgh adr hnys. Vbg sidkgh njh sdeh inrclunjn,

hrnjk gxfgsscvgey, njh tddk buog hdsgs da Vgfdjne.10

Bgr ocrearcgjh Luecg tdeh Iyrn Arcghinj tbnt

Lnjcs wns gxtrgigey hgprgssgh nt tcigs. Bdwgvgr, bgr `nh eufk turjgh nrdujh njh, cj tbg wcjtgr

da >310, tbgrg wns n jgw ouy cj tdwj Fbgt Bgeis. Lnjcs agee cj edvg wctb bci. Fbgt kjgw tbg

Vnj Arnjfcsfd iuscf sfgjg njh wbgj bg bgnrh Lnjcs scjocjo, bg fdjvcjfgh bgr td idvg td Vnj

Arnjfcsfd.16

Xbg `gntjck sfgjg wns aedurcsbcjo cj Vnj Arnjfcsfd njh Lnjcs stnrtgh scjocjo cj `nrs

njh pu`s adr sdig fbnjog njh argg `ggrs, idstey @gsscg Victb njh In Pnjgy sdjos.

Wjadrtujntgey, tbcs kcjh da argghdi njh cjhgpgjhgjfg wdueh hrnw Lnjcs hggpgr cjtd hgprnvcty

sbg stnrtgh uscjo enrog nidujts da hdpg.18

Xbgrg nrg sdig spgfuentcdjs tbnt Lnjcs bnh bgr acrst

bgrdcj gxpgrcgjfgs nt tbcs tcig ùt ct bns jgvgr `ggj fdjacrigh.17

@g tbnt ns ct iny, hruos njh

nefdbde prdvchgh Lnjcs wctb tbg sgjsg da `gedjocjo sbg wns hgspgrntgey sgnrfbcjo adr ùt

edjgecjgss, igenjfbdey, njh tbg hggp-sgntgh aggecjo da n`njhdjigjt rgincjgh nt tbg vgry fdrg da

bgr `gcjo. Xbgrg wgrg dtbgr nhvgrsg gvgjts nt tbcs tcig da bgr ecag< sbg wns `gntgj `y n ordup da

72C`ch., p. >=0.73C`ch., p. >=6.1=Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 361.1>C`ch., edfntcdj >>0=.10Adr idrg cjadrintcdj dj tbg hruo, sgg bttp0.16Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj >>0=.18 Hnetdj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 13>.17Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj >013.
http://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-8585-Seconal+Oral.aspx?drugid=8585&drugname=Seconal+Oralhttp://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-8585-Seconal+Oral.aspx?drugid=8585&drugname=Seconal+Oralhttp://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-8585-Seconal+Oral.aspx?drugid=8585&drugname=Seconal+Oralhttp://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-8585-Seconal+Oral.aspx?drugid=8585&drugname=Seconal+Oralhttp://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-8585-Seconal+Oral.aspx?drugid=8585&drugname=Seconal+Oral


22/51

>?

nhhcfts, bnh n idtdrfyfeg nffchgjt, wns nrrgstgh adr sbdpecatcjo, njh bgr rgentcdjsbcps wctb `dtb

igj njh wdigj adeedwgh tbg snig fbndtcf pnttgrj.11

_bgj sbg wns 0>, sbg wgjt td Jgw Sdrk wbgrg sbg wdrkgh ns nj dpgrntdr njh ecvgh cj n

bdtge auee da iuscfcnjs njh nhhcfts. Vbg snjo cj `nrs, rgnh Bgssg njh Jcgtzsfbg, penygh pdde, njh

wgjt dj gxpedrcjo bgr sgxunecty. Vbg wrdtg n egttgr td bgr antbgr fdipencjcjo n`dut ecag, snycjotbnt jdtbcjo wns tbg wny ct sbdueh `g. Vbg wnjtgh bgr antbgr td tgee bgr, Cs tbcs nee tbgrgs odjjn

`g41?

Natgr n fdupeg da idjtbs cj Jgw Sdrk, sbg wgjt `nfk td Vnj Arnjfcsfd wbgrg sbg stnrtgh

sgeecjo spggh. Cj Iny, sbg trcgh td fdjvcjfg tbg hdftdrs cj Vnj Arnjfcsfd ogjgrne bdspctne tbnt sbg

wns odcjo inh njh sbdueh tbgrgadrg stny cj bdspctne. Xbgy hch jdt `gecgvg bgr. _gcobcjo djey

gcobty-gcobt pdujhs njh `gcjo ujnèg td aujftcdj dj n rntcdjne egvge, Lnjcs rgturjgh td ]drt Nrtbur

cj Lujg.12

Vbg stnrtgh stuhycjo Vdfcdedoy nt Eninr njh ecvgh, djg idrg tcig, n fdipegtgey qucgt njh

pgnfgaue ecag, nvdchcjo gvgj nefdbde njh wnctcjo adr bgr acnjfg (n spggh nhhcft wbd nergnhy

bnh n ocrearcgjh cj Vnj Arnjfcsfd) td fdig td ]drt Nrtbur td prdpdsg bgr. Vbg snjo cj n feu` cjNustcj njh rgouenrey vcsctgh n psyfbcntrcst cj @gnuidjt. Xbg psyfbcntrcst trcgh td tgnfb bgr td

nffgpt `dtb bgrsgea njh bgr frgntcvg pdwgrs sbg snch sbg fdueh jdt ecvg wctbdut. Vbg tdeh bci tbnt

sbg wns ùrjcjo adr n scjocjo fnrggr ùt, `gcjo sd sgjsctcvg njh njxcdus, sbg wns jdt nèg td

sgpnrntg ct ardi uscjo hruos njh nefdbde. Hurcjo tbcs tcig, sbg wrdtg n sdjo n`dut bnvcjo jd

hgscrg td ecvg ùt jdt `gcjo nèg td hcg gctbgr, hgspgrntgey trycjo td acjh tbg Ichheg Pdnh. Vbg

stnrtgh tnkcjo djg da tbg acrst njxcdeytcfs Ec`rcui.13

Fnei dj tbg suranfg ùt wctbdut n fgjtgr td bdeh, Lnjcs spgjt tbg gnrey hnys da >311

bnppy njh aueaceegh djey wbceg sbg wns scjocjo njh bgr pgradrinjfgs stnrtgh nttrnftcjo idrg

pgdpeg njh gvgj idrg rgfdojctcdj.?=

Bnvcjo `ggj pgrsunhgh `y n jgw edvgr, sbg wgjt td VnjArnjfcsfd td `g tbg egnh scjogr da n jgw njh prdicscjo `njh @co @rdtbgr.

?>Xbg `njh igi`grs

rgigi`gr tbg acrst tcig Lnjcs fnig< sbg eddkgh rntbgr fdjausgh, sbg wns jdt strckcjo pbyscfneey,

ùt wbgj sbg stnrtgh td scjo, tbgy wgrg èdwj nwny `y bgr drcocjne sdujh njh fbnrcsin.?0

Vpgnkcjo da bgr vdcfg, egogjhnry Vgr`cnj ouctnrcst Pnhdicr Icbncedvc-Xdnk tbcjks tbnt Lnjcss

vdcfg wns jdt tgfbjcfneey pgragft njh aueey hgvgedpgh, wbcfb iny bnvg `ggj tbg rgnsdj sbg

cjtgjtcdjneey fdvgrgh ct up wctb hcaagrgjt gaagfts; cj spctg da tbnt, bgr vdcfg hgacjctgey wns, cj bcs

gxpgrt dpcjcdj, nutbgjtcf njh tbgrg wgrg idigjts wbgj sbg wdueh scjo hcaagrgjt jdtgs nt tbg

snig tcig, incjtncjcjo bgr ujcqug vc`rntd njh spgfcacf pbrnscjo styeg.?6

@gcjo nwnrg da bgr

nhvnjtnogs njh rgincjcjo anctbaue td bgr chdes, Lnjcs bnh nergnhy fbdsgj èugs rdfk ogjrg wbcfb,

11C`ch., fbnptgr ?.1?C`ch., edfntcdj >683.12Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj >88>.13Ldpecj, dp. fct.,p.>??.?=Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdjs >728, >727.?>C`ch., edfntcdj >163.?0Jcjg Bujhrgh Jcobts?6Nffdrhcjo td P. Icbncedvcf (pgrsdjne fdiiujcfntcdj, 0> Lnjunry, 0=>6).


23/51

>2

cj bgr dpcjcdj, enfkgh oddh scjogrs. Djg da tbg acrst njh Lnjcss anvdrctg fdvgrs wns nj deh odspge

sdjo, Hdwj dj Ig wctb sdigwbnt fbnjogh eyrcfs njh nrrnjogigjt. Eddkcjo nt Lnjcs hurcjo

bgr acrst rgbgnrsnes wctb @co @rdtbgr, ct `gfdigs nppnrgjt bdw tnegjtgh sbg wns njh bdw

pdwgraue bgr tbrgg-dftnvg vdfne rnjog wns; sbg eddkgh eckg n jnturne-`drj pgradrigr n`sdr`gh `y

tbg iuscf.

Lnjcs njh tbg `njh stnrtgh bnvcjo idrg rgouenr njh idrg sgrcdus pgradrinjfgs; tbgcr acrst

neùi wctb fdvgr sdjos wns rgegnsgh cj >31?. Gvgj nt tbg tcig, Lnjcs fdjschgrgh bgrsgea

cjsgpnrnèg ardi bgr nrt èugs hgacjctgey wns bgr wny da ecvcjo njh nee tbg sdjos sbg fbdsg td

scjo ujhdu`tghey pdcjt td tbnt. @gschgs `gcjo n ocatgh scjogr wctb n vdcfg jgvgr noncj intfbgh,

Lnjcs wns nj dutstnjhcjo pgradrigr. Nffdrhcjo td Hnvch Hnetdj, tbg aggecjos Lcic Bgjhrcx

gxprgssgh wctb bcs ouctnr, Lnjcs suffgssaueey fdiiujcfntgh wctb bgr vdcfg. Xbg anidus @@ Kcjo

snch tbnt Lnjcs Ldpecj scjos tbg èugs ns bnrh ns njy ènfk pgrsdj.?8

Ns n pgrsdj wbd bnh `ggj aggecjo igjtne njh pbyscfne rglgftcdj nee bgr ecag, Lnjcs acjneey

aget bgr fbnrcsin njh sgxunecty nffgptgh dj stnog, njh sbg wns rgwnrhgh `y bgr nuhcgjfg adrscjocjo bgr bgnrt njh sdue dut. Njh tbgj tbgrg wns bgr egogjhnry pgradrinjfg nt tbg Idjtgrgy

]dp Agstcvne. Lnjcs injnogh td ocvg n `rgntbtnkcjo pgradrinjfg wctb n ighcdfrg `njh `gbcjh

bgr.?7

]gdpeg stddh njh ecstgjgh td Lnjcs wctb tbgcr idutbs dpgj wbceg @d` Hyenjs injnogr

Ne`grt Ordssinj wns tdtneey dvgrwbgeigh `y Lnjcs njh bgr tnegjt. Ordssinj hgfchgh td scoj

Lnjcs njh bgr `njh, njh Lnjcs stnrtgh `gfdicjo n buog cjtgrjntcdjne supgrstnr. @gtwggj tbg

rgbgnrsnes, rgfdrhcjos, njh pgradrinjfgs, Lnjcss ecag hch jdt, ns djg iny gxpgft, `gfdig egss

edjgey njh hgtnfbgh. ûctg tbg fdjtrnry, ct sggigh td bgr tbnt ct `gfnig gvgj wdrsg. Vbg stcee hch

jdt od `nfk td tnkcjo bnrh hruos ùt bgr acrst njh idst cipdrtnjt hruo da fbdcfg, nefdbde, wns

newnys tbgrg td inkg bgr ecag idrg `gnrnèg. Nt tbg tcig, sbg bnh twd idrg ygnrs td ecvg, ùt cj n

egttgr td bgr anicey sbg gxprgssgh surprcsg gvgj nt ecvcjo td sgg 07.

?8ûdtgh cj Hnetdj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 0=?.?7Adr idrg dj Lnjcs njh @co @rdtbgr, sggbttp38627,>3 Lnjunry, 0=>6.
http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385


24/51

>3

0.8 Ogt ct wbceg ydu nrg edjgey

Jd`dhy kjdws gxnftey wbgj Lnjcs odt `nfk dj bgrdcj njh neidst nee bgr `cdornpbgrs bnvg

spgfuentgh n`dut ct. Hgspctg tbg anft Lnjcs wns prcinrcey nj nefdbdecf, gvgry`dhy eddkgh adr tbg

idigjt wbgj sbg stnrtgh uscjo bgrdcj noncj `gfnusg ct wns tbg hruo tbnt bnh egh td bgr ujtcigey

hgntb. Xbgrg wns sdig cjadrintcdj tbnt sbg usgh ct wbceg sbg wns rgfdrhcjo Fbgnp Xbrcees, wbcfbsdeh dvgr n iceecdj fdpcgs cj tbg acrst idjtb, ùt Iyrn Arcghinj fnig up wctb sdigwbnt

hcaagrgjt njh jdt sd surprcscjo anfts< Lnjcs bnh prd`nèy stnrtgh `gadrg tbnt `gfnusg, wbgj sbg odt

`nfk ardi ]drt Nrtbur natgr Fbrcstins, sbg adujh dut tbnt sbg wns prgojnjt wctb tbg inj wbdh

odttgj bgr `nfk dj sinfk.?1

Netbduob sbg rgneey wnjtgh td bnvg n fbceh, sbg bnh nj n`drtcdj

sbdrtey natgr turjcjo 07. Xbg n`drtcdj fnusgh nj gxtrgig gidtcdjne trnuin wbcfb Lnjcs trcgh td

neegvcntg, nt egnst pnrtcneey, `y hcvcjo hggpgr cjtd tbg fdeh, hnrk, njh hgeuscvg vdrtgx da anig tbnt

hrnoogh bgr hdwj td tbg vgry `dttdi da tbg edjgecjgss sbg bnh `ggj trycjo td gsfnpg.

Hurcjo >312, buog ighcn nttgjtcdj fnig hdwj dj Lnjcs njh @co @rdtbgr; tbgcr neùis

sdeh suffgssaueey, njh tbgy stnrtgh ogttcjo idrg njh idrg rgqugsts adr ecvg pgradrinjfgs, gvgj

tbduob injy frctcfs hch jdt npprdvg da tbg `njhs iuscf qunecty.??

Lnjcs bnh stnrtgh spgnkcjo td

tbg wbdeg wdreh n`dut bgr edjgecjgss prdvdkgh `y bgr igjtne hcsdrhgr scjfg tbgcr acrst neùi njh,

netbduob sbg hch jdt wrctg njy da tbg sdjos dj tbg acrst neùi, sbg bnh fnrgaueey pcfkgh tbg djgs

tbnt suct bgr gidtcdjs njh pgrsdjnecty; sbg bdjgstey put bgr bgnrt njh sdue cj Nee Cs Edjgecjgss,

_digj Cs Edsgrs, @yg, @yg, @n`y, gtf. Lnjcs bgrsgea wrdtg Xurteg @eugs njh fd -wrdtg C

Jggh n Inj td Edvg ns wgee ns Db, Vwggt Inry dj Fbgnp Xbrcees. Bgr aggecjos da

wdrtbegssjgss njh iny`g gvgj oucet dr sbnig fnj `g adujh cj bgr nutd`cdornpbcfne sdjo Xurteg

@eugs cj wbcfb Lnjcs neidst idfkgh td bgr ignj njh gvce wnys, prd`nèy neeuhcjo td bgr injcf

pbnsgs; ùt `gjgntb `gcjo ignj njh gvce16.??Pubeinjj., Fbgnp Xbrcees Pgvcgw, sggbttp38627,>2 Lnjunry, 0=>6.?2Adr idrg dj `dtb tbg drcocjne njh tbg fdvgr da ]cgfg da Iy Bgnrt, sggbttp Lnjunry, 0=>6.
http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piece_of_My_Heart#Big_Brother_and_the_Holding_Company_version:_1968http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piece_of_My_Heart#Big_Brother_and_the_Holding_Company_version:_1968http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piece_of_My_Heart#Big_Brother_and_the_Holding_Company_version:_1968http://www.allmusic.com/album/cheap-thrills-mw0000194385


25/51

0=

ùt nt tbg snig tcig bnrh-wdrkcjo njh sgea-hcsfcpecjgh wbgj ct fnig td rgfdrhcjo, Lnjcs stnrtgh

tbcjkcjo n`dut egnvcjo @co @rdtbgrnjh, netbduob ct wns djg da tbg idst hcaacfuet hgfcscdjs sbg

bnh td inkg, sbg stnrtgh pgradricjo wctb n prdagsscdjne jgw `njh fneegh tbg Kdzicf @eugsnt

tbg gjh da tbg snig ygnr. Lnjcs wrdtg twd sdjos adr tbg neùi sbg rgfdrhgh wctb tbg Kdzicf

@eugs @njh njh, djgidrg tcig, sbg spdkg n`dut bgr ujaueaceegh jggh adr edvg, bgr cjn`cecty td

acjh tbg rcobt inj, fencicjo tbnt sbg hch jdt wnjt iufb ardi ecag, lust Djg Oddh Inj ct

ncjt iufb, cts djey gvgrytbcjo. Kdzicf @eugs, nffdrhcjo td Lnjcs, ignjs tbnt jd inttgr

wbnt ydu hd, inj, ydu newnys ogt sbdt hdwj njywny.?3

_ctb tbg fdjvcftcdj gjtrgjfbgh cj bgr

icjh, Lnjcs wgjt dj ansfcjntcjo bgr nuhcgjfg wctb bgr vdcfg njh pgradrinjfgs; tbg gxpgrcgjfgs

sbg bnh hurcjo tbg ygnr wgrg quctg tgipgstudus. @y tbnt tcig, sbg bnh nergnhy adrigh nj cinog

da n sgea-fdjachgjt njh hnjogrdus ocre ardi Xgxns wbd jgvgr odt sd`gr njh hch ectgrneey wbntgvgr

sbg pegnsgh njh pgdpeg, gspgfcneey tbg ydujo, edvgh ct. Vbg rgprgsgjtgh tbg ec`grntgh spcrct da tbg

>31=s. Hurcjo tbg rgfdrhcjo da tbg neùiC Odt Hgi De Kdzicf @eugs Noncj Inin!, Lnjcs wns

uscjo hdpg, `nr`cturntgs, njh nefdbde, njh tbgrg wgrg tcigs cj tbg stuhcd wbgj sbg fdueh `nrgey

tnek, egt nedjg scjo n prdpgr tujg.

2=

Injy pgdpeg hch jdt kjdw tbnt Lnjcss hnrk njh edjgey cjjgr wdreh orgw cj nffdrhnjfg

wctb tbg nttgjtcdj sbg odt. Bnvcjo n vgry edw dpcjcdj da bgrsgea, sbg enuobgh dut eduh wbgj sbg

wns fbnrnftgrczgh ns n supgrstnr, njh fencigh tbnt tbg djey rgnsdj adr `gcjo cj tbg iuscf ùscjgss

wns td gxprgss bgr pncjaue aggecjos; sbg wns fdjvcjfgh tbnt `y ec`grntcjo bgrsgea, sbg fdueh nesd

bgep bgr nuhcgjfg agge argg njh tbnt wns, cj bgr dpcjcdj, djg da tbg idst cipdrtnjt odnes da gvgry

nffdipecsbgh njh sgrcdus scjogr.2>

Djey bgr edvg da iuscf fdueh fdipgjsntg adr tbg edjgecjgss

njh tbg suaagrcjo tbnt anig `rduobt, sbg snch. Bgr ecvg pgradrinjfgs bnh nergnhy `gfdig n iytb313. Bgr `gst arcgjh

Ecjhn wns `gschg bgrsgea. Cj Hgfgi`gr, Lnjcs trcgh td acobt bgr nhhcftcdjs `y vcsctcjo n

psyfbcntrcst njh tnkcjo n adri da igtbnhdjg, ùt sddj bgr deh hgidjs tddk dvgr noncj.20

Cj Lnjunry >3?=, sbg stdppgh wdrkcjo wctb tbg Kdzicf @eugs @njh njh bgr enst `njh,

Auee Xcet @ddocg, wns adrigh cj Nprce. Xbg `njh cjspcrgh tbg snig aggecjos sbg bnh wbceg sbg

wns wctb @co @rdtbgr tbg aggecjos da `gedjocjo njh npprgfcntcdj. Nt tbg tcig da bgr fbndtcf

rgentcdjsbcps njh edjgecjgss, Lnjcs rgincjgh bdjgst td bgrsgea njh bgr nuhcgjfg `y rgfdrhcjo tbg

?3Adr idrg da Lnjcss vcvch hgsfrcptcdjs da ecag, sgg Hnetdj, gspgfcneey tbg fbnptgr Xbg orgnt Vnturhny jcobt swcjheg.2=Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 6882, 6810.2>Vgg tbg cjtgrvcgw wctb Lnjcs nt bttp0.20Arcghinj, dp. fct., edfntcdj 626=.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yH5SCpbk-gkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yH5SCpbk-gkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yH5SCpbk-gk


26/51

0>

anidus sdjo Djg Jcobt Vtnjh, tgeecjo tbg wdreh bdw sbg rgneey aget wbgj sbg wns aggecjo edw

njh gvgry`dhy eddkgh tbg snig. Hug td bgr fdjstnjt aecrts wctb hgntb, Lnjcss `gst arcgjh Ecjhn

Ornvgjctgs hgfchgh td idvg dut njh njdtbgr ocre idvgh cj wctb Lnjcs. Vdig da bgr arcgjhs

rgigi`gr bgr fdjstnjt aeuftuntcdjs cj iddhardi sgvgrg hgprgsscdjs td gupbdrcn.

Lnjcs spgjt n fdupeg da idjtbs bnjocjo nrdujh njh hrcjkcjo hny njh jcobt wctb Krcs

Krcstdaagrsdj, n wgee-kjdwj sdjowrctgr njh scjogr, wbd wrdtg djg da bgr `coogst bcts Ig njh

@d``y IfOgg. Vbg trcgh td acobt bgr giptcjgss njh edjgecjgss `y bdstcjo `dtb arcgjhs njh

strnjogrs cj bgr jgw bdusg, ocvcjo tbgi argg addh njh hrcjk, ùt fdipencjcjo natgrwnrhs tbnt

jd`dhy rgneey fnrgh n`dut bgr tbgy wgrg natgr bgr idjgy njh jnig jdw. Ct nppgnrgh ns ca

Lnjcs wns newnys sgnrfbcjo adr gvchgjfg tbnt, cj bgr dpcjcdj, jd`dhy rgneey edvgh bgr. Bgr

hrcjkcjo `gfnig sd gxfgsscvg tbnt Lnjcs fdipencjgh n`dut bgr igidry edss sbg snch sbg fdueh

jdt rgigi`gr neidst njytbcjo ardi tbg prgvcdus hny. Hncey rdutcjg cjfeuhgh hrcjkcjo cj tbg

idrjcjo, pnsscjo dut cj tbg natgrjddj, rgfdvgrcjo ujtce tbg fdjfgrt, njh hrcjkcjo natgrwnrhs

noncj.

26

Xbg hrcjkcjo stnrtgh naagftcjo `dtb bgr vdcfg njh bgr pgradrinjfgs; djg idrjcjo sbgfneegh Iyrn Arcghinj njh bystgrcfneey fencigh sbg fdueh jdt seggp `gfnusg sbg wns narnch

gvgrydjg wdueh acjh dut sbg fdueh jdt scjo njy idrg. Bgr `duts da hgprgsscdj `gfnig edjogr njh

egss `gnrnèg. ]gdpeg wdueh datgj sgg bgr hrujk cj `nrs wctb n edst eddk cj bgr gygs njh n pneg

anfg.

Cj Lujg, sbg snch td n arcgjh, Cee jgvgr sgg tbcrty.28

Hurcjo tbg suiigr, sbg stnrtgh

rgfdrhcjo tbg idst anidus neùi]gnre wctb n wgee-kjdwj prdhufgr]nue Pdtbfbceh. Bgr vdcfg

wns aceegh wctb naaecftcdj njh tdrigjt, hruos njh nefdbde, ùt bgr enst stuhcd pgradrinjfgs wgrg

inojcacfgjt.27

Nee da tbg jcjg sdjos dj tbg neùi wgrg fbdsgj `y Lnjcs njh tbcs tcig sbg fd-

wrdtg sdig da bgr anidus sdjos sufb ns Igrfghgs @gjz, wbceg Idvg dvgr wns gjtcrgey

wrcttgj `y Lnjcs. Vbg nesd penygh tbg ouctnr dj Ig njh @d``y IfOgg. Eckg injy tcigs `gadrg,Lnjcs fbdsg td scjo sdjos tbnt icrrdrgh bgr stntg da icjh< N _dinj Egat Edjgey, Ogt Ct _bceg

Sdu Fnj, @urcgh Necvg cj tbg @eugs, gtf. Nffdrhcjo td tbdsg wbd spgjt tcig wctb bgr, Lnjcs

sggigh bnppy djey wbceg rgfdrhcjo njh penycjo ocos wctb tbg `gjh sbg edvgh sd iufb. Dj idrg

tbnj djg dffnscdj, Lnjcs igjtcdjgh sucfchg njh ogttcjo `nfk dj bgrdcj.21

_bgj sbg nppgnrgh dj tbg Hcfk Fnvgtt Vbdw adr tbg enst tcig, Lnjcs eddkgh sdigwbnt

hcaagrgjt.2?

@gschgs tbg anidus fedtbgs, tbg purpdsg da wbcfb wns td prdidtg ]gnrenjh bchg tbg

rgne Lnjcs, sbg bnh gvchgjtey put dj sdig wgcobt, sbg eddkgh rgstegss njh njxcdus, njh bgr gygs

spnrkegh. Xbgrg wns sdigtbcjo gesg `gbcjh bgr jdtdrcdus enuobtgr sbg incjtncjgh hurcjo tbg

sbdw. Ct eddkgh eckg n buog hcsnppdcjtigjt. Vbg trcuipbnjtey njjdujfgh bgr rgturj td ]drt

Nrtbur adr tbg sfbdde rgujcdj. Xbgrg nrg sdig pgdpeg wbd tbcjk tbnt bgr enst vcsct td bgr

26C`ch., edfntcdj 16=3.28C`ch., edfntcdj 8306.27Adr idrg dj]gnre, sggbttp3?>=0>2,>3 Lnjunry, 0=>6.21Arcghinj,dp. fct., edfntcdjs 8?>2,766>, 76?3.2?Vgg Lnjcss wbdeg cjtgrvcgw wctb Hcfk Fnvgtt ntbttp= Lnjunry, 0=>6.
http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/pearl-19710218http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/pearl-19710218http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/pearl-19710218http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlqAsesmLQ0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlqAsesmLQ0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlqAsesmLQ0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlqAsesmLQ0http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/pearl-19710218


27/51

00

bdigtdwj cj n wny fdjtrcùtgh td bgr pdsscèg ujfdjsfcdus hgfcscdj td fdiict sucfchg `gfnusg

sbg wns noncj rglgftgh nt bgr Bcob Vfbdde rgujcdj.22

Ns nutuij npprdnfbgh, Lnjcs sgrcdusey tbduobt n`dut sedwcjo bgr fnrggr hdwj njh

sgttecjo hdwj wctb n jgw njh jdt sd sgrcdus `dyarcgjh.23

Bgr fdjfgrt nftcvctcgs hgfrgnsgh `gfnusg

da edw tcfkgt snegs njh sbg wgjt ardi tbg acrst td tbg tbcrh penfg cj tbg Igedhy Inkgr fbnrt.

]rgssurg wns ùcehcjo up njh Lnjcs bntgh rgnecty. Idrg tbnj tbnt, sbg bntgh `drghdi njh

edjgecjgss.3=

_ctb nee tbg trduègs dj bgr icjh, Lnjcs rgturjgh td bgr bdtge rddi cj Eds Njogegs

natgr n rgfdrhcjo sgsscdj njh, natgr bnvcjo n acobt wctb bgr `dyarcgjh dvgr tbg pbdjg, sbg onvg n

fnee td bgr hgnegr wbd `rduobt bgr nj gxfgptcdjneey purg hdsg da bgrdcj. Dj tbg hny Lnjcs wns

suppdsgh td eny hdwj tbg vdfnes adr @urcgh Necvg cj tbg @eugs, sbg wns adujh hgnh cj bgr bdtge

rddi.3>

Vcjfg Lnjcs dpgjey spdkg n`dut bgr auturg inrrcnog prcdr td bgr hgntb, tbg fencis tbnt sbg

fdiicttgh sucfchg nrg prd`nèy jdt sustncjnèg.30

Dj tbg dtbgr bnjh, Lnjcs hch igjtcdj ogttcjo

`nfk dj bgrdcj dj n agw dffnscdjs wbcfb, fdupegh wctb nee da bgr prgvcdus aecrtntcdjs wctb hgntb,iny trcoogr spgfuentcdjs n`dut bgr ujfdjsfcdus wcsb td hcg. @g tbnt ns ct iny, tbcs tdrturgh njh

gxqucsctg wdinj egat adur neùis, ]gnre`gcjo bgr `coogst sgeecjo neùi, tbnt wcee newnys prdvg

njh fdjacri `dtb bgr ujpnrneegegh tnegjt njh bgr fdipegx njh, n`dvg nee, snh pgrsdjnecty.

Xbcrty ygnrs entgr, njdtbgr ocre wctb n trgigjhdus tnegjt, `dtb eyrcfneey njh vdfneey, tddk

tbg snig trnocf rdnh. _bceg pnrts da Lnjcss ecag stcee rgincj n iystgry, ct sggis tbnt gvgry icjutg

da Niy _cjgbdusgs ecag bns `ggj rgfdrhgh njh inhg puècf, gspgfcneey tbg idigjts da bgr snh

hdwjanee.

22Ousg, dp. fct.edfntcdj 768.23Arcghinj, dp. fct. edfntcdj 10>2.3=Hnetdj. dp. fct.,edfntcdj >>7>.3>Lnjcs Ldpecj, _ckcpghcn.30Arcghinj, dp. fct. edfntcdj 10>>.


28/51

06

Fbnpgr 6. C NI IS D_J _DPVX GJGISNiy _cjgbdusg

6.> Jnuobty njh stu``drj

C wns n vgry oddh `n`y, C wnsjt n fry-`n`y, snch Niy cj nj cjtgrvcgw cj 0==1.36

Ns

iufb ns Niys pnrgjts hch jdt norgg wctb bgr entgr nftcdjs njh stntgigjts, tbgy wdueh

prgsuinèy norgg wctb tbcs djg; jgvgrtbgegss, ct bns rnrgey `ggj igjtcdjgh tbnt Niy wns cj n

wny n prdègi gvgj `gadrg sbg fnig cjtd tbcs wdreh. Bgr qucgt njh rgsgrvgh idtbgr, Lnjcs

_cjgbdusg, wns n pbnrinfcst wbd suaagrgh ardi nj ujkjdwj fdjhctcdj tbnt datgj fnusgh strnjog

prcfkecjo sgjsntcdjs up njh hdwj bgr eci`s. N strnjog gxbnustcdj njh tcjoecjo fdjtcjugh jdt djey

hurcjo bgr prgojnjfy ùt nesd adr injy ygnrs natgr Niy wns `drj cj Vgptgi`gr >326. Nt acrst

Lnjcs tbduobt tbg prdègis wgrg tbg rgsuet da bgr prgojnjfy njh, natgr sbg bnh ocvgj `crtb td

Niy, tbg rgsuet da tbg hcaacfuetcgs tbnt idtbgrbddh `rduobt. Wjadrtujntgey, ct turjgh dut entgr tbnt

Lnjcs wns suaagrcjo ardi iuetcpeg sfegrdscs; fdjsgqugjtey, Niy bnh td ordw up wntfbcjo n vgry

fedsg anicey igi`gr tdrturgh `y tbg tgrrcèg hcsgnsg.38

Niy _cjgbdusg wns `drj cj n Lgwcsb anicey cj Vdutbontg, Jdrtb Edjhdj, cj nj nrgn

enrogey cjbn`ctgh `y Lgws. Bdwgvgr, Niy hch jdt eckg odcjo td tbg edfne syjnodoug gvgj wbgj

sbg wns ectteg njh, wbgj sbg orgw up, sbg snch tbnt sbg wns n`sdeutgey jdj-rgecocdus ùt tbnt sbg

`gecgvgh cj antg njh cj knricf adrfgs.37

Niys pnrgjts, Ictfbgee njh Lnjcs, fdueh bnrhey naacri

tbnt rncscjo Niy wns n rgne pegnsurg `gfnusg sbg stnrtgh ics`gbnvcjo ns sddj ns sbg `gonj td

wnek< sbg jgnrey fbdkgh wctb sdig fgeedpbnjg wbgj sbg wns lust n tdhhegr, djg hny sbg odt edst

cj n pnrk, njh wctb n agw arcgjhs ns jnuobty ns sbg wns, Niy wdueh sdigtcigs gnt nee tbg addh

ardi dtbgr fbcehrgjs eujfb`dxgs. Bgr antbgr entgr fencigh tbnt Niys d`strgpgrdusjgss wns jd

fdcjfchgjfgsbg wns newnys hgspgrntg adr nttgjtcdj njh fnrg. Lnjcs djfg stntgh tbnt Niy, `gcjo

newnys ùsy, furcdus, njh ns stu``drj ns n iueg, wns anr ardi nj gnsy-odcjo njh d`ghcgjt

fbceh.31

@gschgs Lnjcss ceejgss, Ictfbs argqugjt n`sgjfgs wgrg njdtbgr tbcjo ectteg Niy bnh td

fdpg wctb, fencicjo iufb entgr tbnt bgr antbgr wdueh fuhheg bgr wbgjgvgr bg wns nrdujh. Hgspctg

tbg anft tbnt Ictfb spgjt n edt da tcig nwny ardi bdig, tbgcr bdusg wns datgj aceegh wctb iuscf8,

Xbgedjcdus Idjk, Fdujt @nscg, Hcjnb _nsbcjotdj, Gryknb @nhu, njh tbg ocre ordups ardi tbg

>31=s.3?

Dwcjo td bgr ogjgs njh td bgr `gedvgh ornjhidtbgr Fyjtbcn, Niy stnrtgh scjocjo `dtb

36Adr tbg wbdeg cjtgrvcgw, sggbttp= Lnjunry, 0=>6.38Idrrcs, Dpgj @ddk< Xbg Ecag njh Hgntb da Niy _cjgbdusg, edfntcdj 2>.37Vggbttp6.31Vggbttp6.3?Jgwkgy.Niy _cjgbdusgXbg @cdornpby, edfntcdj >>0.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4nUWdt9eUshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4nUWdt9eUshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4nUWdt9eUshttp://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/52348/amy-winehouse-to-others-she-was-known-mummyhttp://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/52348/amy-winehouse-to-others-she-was-known-mummyhttp://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/52348/amy-winehouse-to-others-she-was-known-mummyhttp://www.celebitchy.com/8006/an_open_letter_to_amy_winehouse/http://www.celebitchy.com/8006/an_open_letter_to_amy_winehouse/http://www.celebitchy.com/8006/an_open_letter_to_amy_winehouse/http://www.celebitchy.com/8006/an_open_letter_to_amy_winehouse/http://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/52348/amy-winehouse-to-others-she-was-known-mummyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4nUWdt9eUs


29/51

08

fdjtgipdrnry pdp sdjos njh lnzz fensscfs nt nj gnrey nog; wbgj sbg stnrtgh odcjo td sfbdde, sbg

snjo gvgj hurcjo tbg egssdjs, crrctntcjo bgr tgnfbgrs wbd fdipencjgh td bgr pnrgjts. Niy lust

tbduobt gvgrydjg snjo wbgj tbgy wnjtgh td gxprgss tbgcr gidtcdjs. Vbg edvgh wntfbcjo bgr dehgr

`rdtbgr stnjhcjo dj n fbncr, scjocjo Vcjntrns sdjos `gfnusg sbg wns suaagrcjo ardi stnog arcobt

gvgj wbgj sbg wns ectteg, ùt tbnt hch jdt prgvgjt bgr ardi scjocjo ns eduh ns sbg fdueh.32

Idtcvntgh `y bgr `rdtbgr, Niy stnrtgh tgnfbcjo bgrsgea ouctnr nt >6.33

Hug td Ictfbs edvg naancr, bg njh Lnjcs hgfchgh td ogt hcvdrfgh wbgj Niy wns djey

>=.>==

Ictfb wns n tnxc hrcvgr adr neidst nee bcs ecag njh, wbgj Niy `gfnig anidus, ct sggigh

tbnt bg wns idrg fdiadrtnèg wctb `gcjo cj ardjt da fnigrns tbnj Niy gvgr hch. Bg nesd

nhicttgh cj nj cjtgrvcgw tbnt bg bnh gxpgrcigjtgh wctb icjh-netgrcjo su`stnjfgs cj bcs ydutb,

nhhcjo tbnt bg wdueh bnvg odjg ujhgr nt bcs hnrkgst pdcjt wctbdut bcs anicey>=>

. Ct wcee rgincj

ujkjdwj wbgtbgr Ictfb wns tgeecjo tbg trutb wbgj bg snch bg bnh fbgntgh dj Niys idtbgr djey

djfg; `g tbnt ns ct iny, Niy djfg snch tbnt sbg hch jdt kjdw wbnt bgr antbgr wns rujjcjo nwny

ardi `gfnusg bg idvgh bdusg gvgry twd ygnrs.

>=0

Vbg nesd snch tbnt wrctcjo sdjos bnh bgepgh bgrrgneczg wby Hnh fbgntgh, nhhcjo tbnt bgs jdt n `co `nstnrh.

>=6 Bgr idtbgr Lnjcs wns

fdjvcjfgh tbnt tbg rnog cj Niys sdjos fnig ardi tbg enfk da antbgr acourg cj bgr fbcehbddh, ùt

tbg cjaeugjfg da tbgcr hcvdrfg ns wgee ns Ictfbs edvg naancrs sbdueh `g tnkgj cjtd nffdujt tdd. Cj

Lnjcss dpcjcdj, Ictfb spgjt n orgnt hgne da tcig wctb Niy wbgj sbg `gfnig pdpuenr lust

`gfnusg bg wnjtgh td fdipgjsntg adr bcs n`sgjfg. Njh Niys pdsscèg hnhhy cssugs fdueh `g

wgee d`sgrvgh `y egnrjcjo n`dut bgr su`sgqugjt sgegftcdj da pnrtjgrs njh jdtnèy ujstnèg

rgentcdjsbcps.

Ct bns `ggj prdvgh injy tcigs sd anr tbnt hcvdrfgs fnj `g hgvnstntcjo adr fbcehrgj, njh

Niy entgr fencigh tbnt ct wns bgr `rdtbgr wbd suaagrgh tbg idst, wbceg sbg snw tbg hcvdrfg ns njdppdrtujcty td bnvg auj, swgnr nt bgr idtbgr, wgnr inkgup, njh hd ectgrneey wbntgvgr sbg

pegnsgh. Ct cs pdsscèg tbnt tbg hcvdrfg turjgh Niys wbdeg wdreh upschg hdwj njh tbnt sbg

rgfdojczgh bgr dwj jggh td nhnpt td nj cjhgpgjhgjt ecagstyeg hug td tbg sgpnrntcdj. Djg da Niys

fbcehbddh arcgjhs fdjacrigh tbnt sbg `gonj `gbnvcjo `nhey ns sddj ns bgr antbgr egat; bg nesd

fencigh tbnt Niy bnh n bdrrcèg gxpgrcgjfg wctb bgr acrst `dyarcgjh wbgj sbg wns djey >7, wbcfb

urogh Lnjcs td put Niy dj tbg pcee.>=8

Xbgrg cs n strdjo prd`n`cecty tbnt Niy `gfnig vgry

fdjausgh wbgj sbg wns stcee n ectteg ocre `gfnusg pgrbnps sbg hch jdt pgrfgcvg Ictfb njh Lnjcs ns

rgne rdeg idhges< Ictfb wns rnrgey nt bdig, wbgrgns bgr cee, rgsgrvgh njh qucgt idtbgr fdueh jdt

32Jgwkgy, dp. fct. edfntcdj >=1.33_cjgbdusg,Niy, Iy Hnuobtgr, p. 2.>==Adr idrg dj Niys ecag ardi bgr antbgrs pdcjt da vcgw, sggbttp=>Vggbttp3 Lnjunry, 0=>6.>=0C`ch., edfntcdj >?1.>=6Adr idrg dj Niys rgentcdjsbcp wctb bgr antbgr, sggbttpC>=ÀltF>fKRVeD,>3 Lnjunry, 0=>6.

>=8Jgwkgy, dp. fct. edfntcdj >28.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rR5Coo30UbM&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rR5Coo30UbM&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILeND5DO3UMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILeND5DO3UMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILeND5DO3UMhttp://www.nypost.com/p/news/international/amy_ode_to_beloved_daddy_vX5PqX1I10bFjtC1cKXSlOhttp://www.nypost.com/p/news/international/amy_ode_to_beloved_daddy_vX5PqX1I10bFjtC1cKXSlOhttp://www.nypost.com/p/news/international/amy_ode_to_beloved_daddy_vX5PqX1I10bFjtC1cKXSlOhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILeND5DO3UMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rR5Coo30UbM&feature=related


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07

bnvg `ggj tbg ouchcjo ecjg njh tbg nutbdrcty strdjo-wceegh Niy jgghgh. Cj nhhctcdj, Niy

prd`nèy odt nee tbg nttgjtcdj tbrduob ics`gbnvcdr, wbcfb entgr djey rgcjadrfgh bgr cipuescvg njh

ujprghcftnèg `gbnvcdr. Niys tnkgfnrcjo jgghs wgrg datgj igt `y bgr ornjhidtbgr Fyjtbcn,

wctb wbdi sbg spgjt n edt da bgr fbcehbddh hnys. Xbcs pgrcdh da bgr gnrey ecag fdueh bnvg rgsuetgh

cj tbg eyrcfs dj bgr acrst neùi6.>02Adr idrg hgtncegh cjscobt cj Niy's vdfne n`cectcgs, sggbttp= Lnjunry, 0=>6.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyTbsO9pSWw


35/51

6=

NetbduobArnjkwns n frctcfne suffgss adr Niy njh `rduobt bgr jdicjntcdjs adr tbg @PCX

Nwnrhs njh Igrfury ]rczg cj 0==8,>03

sbg wns jdt fdipegtgey sntcsacgh wctb tbg neùi `gfnusg

bgr rgfdrhcjo fdipnjy cjfeuhgh sdig icxgs njh trnfks sbg hch jdt eckg; cj nhhctcdj, wbgj ct

fnig td tbg neùi prdidtcdj, sbg adujh ct cjnpprdprcntg njh hcaacfuet td hgne wctb.>6=

@ut gvgj

`gadrg tbg neùi fnig dut, sbg bnh `ggj bgnvcey uscjo inrclunjn njh nefdbde, spgjhcjo bgr argg

tcig penycjo pdde, bnvcjo Lnfk Hnjcges njh Fdkg adr `rgnkanst.>6> Jgvgrtbgegss, Niy eddkgh

fdipdsgh njh bgnetby hurcjo bgr pgradrinjfgs cj 0==8 njh 0==7; bgr XQ nppgnrnjfgs wgrg nesd

anvdrnèg njh, fdipnrgh td dtbgr pdecsbgh ydujo pdp stnrs, Niy eddkgh drcocjne njh bdjgst. Vbg

fdueh `g njh wns hgsfrc`gh ns n pgrsdj wctb fbnrcsin, ùt sbg wns bnrhey gvgr n truey orgnt

pgradrigr njh gjtgrtncjgr, fdipnrgh td Ectteg Pcfbnrh, ]nttc Victb, Gevcs ]rgsegy, Lnjcs Ldpecj,

Hnvch @dwcg, Xcjn Xurjgr, Dttcs Pghhcjo, gtf. _ctb bgr fbnrcsintcf ùt rntbgr jgrvdus stnog

prgsgjfg, sbg wns rgfdojczgh ns sdigdjg wbd bnh bnh prdègis wctb stnog arcobt njh, wbgj entgr

bgr suppdsghey jdj-trgntgh `cpdenr hcsdrhgr njh su`stnjfg nùsg tddk dvgr, tbg cjctcne stnog arcobt

gxpedhgh.>60

Xbg Ounrhcnj rgpdrtgr

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