The Burden of Obesity in The Burden of Obesity in North CarolinaNorth Carolina

Obesity in Children and YouthObesity in Children and Youth

Obese children are almost six Obese children are almost six times more likely than children times more likely than children with healthy weights to have an with healthy weights to have an impaired quality of life--equal to impaired quality of life--equal to that of children undergoing that of children undergoing treatment for cancer.treatment for cancer.

----JAMA, JAMA, 20032003

NC ranks 5NC ranks 5thth worst in Childhood Obesity worst in Childhood Obesity

Obesity andObesity and ChildrenChildren

Nationally, more than one third of children Nationally, more than one third of children and youth are overweight and 17% are and youth are overweight and 17% are obese. obese.

Approximately 25 million children and Approximately 25 million children and youth are obese or overweight. The rate of youth are obese or overweight. The rate of childhood obesity more than tripled from childhood obesity more than tripled from 1980 to 2004.1980 to 2004.

The Child Health Assessment and The Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program (CHAMP)Monitoring Program (CHAMP)

A N.C. statewide comprehensive surveillance A N.C. statewide comprehensive surveillance systemsystem

Monitors health and risk behaviors for children Monitors health and risk behaviors for children and adolescents (ages 0-17) and adolescents (ages 0-17)

During the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance During the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) interview, the respondent is System (BRFSS) interview, the respondent is asked to participate in a survey about child asked to participate in a survey about child healthhealth The interviewer calls back within a week to administer The interviewer calls back within a week to administer

CHAMP to the primary caregiver of the child.CHAMP to the primary caregiver of the child.

N.C. Children and YouthN.C. Children and Youth

In 2008, among N.C. children ages 10-17, In 2008, among N.C. children ages 10-17, 17.6% were overweight, and 15.2% were obese 17.6% were overweight, and 15.2% were obese (a combined 32.8% were overweight or obese), (a combined 32.8% were overweight or obese), compared to 61.3% who were at a healthy compared to 61.3% who were at a healthy weight.weight.

One-third of N.C. children typically consumed One-third of N.C. children typically consumed one serving or less of vegetables per day and one serving or less of vegetables per day and 20% of children did not meet the physical activity 20% of children did not meet the physical activity recommendation of 60 minutes per day.recommendation of 60 minutes per day.

In 2007, 50% of children watched more than two In 2007, 50% of children watched more than two hours of television on a typical day.hours of television on a typical day.

N.C. Children by BMIN.C. Children by BMIN.C. Children (Age 10-17), BMI for

Age (2007)

6%

61%

18%

15%Underweight

Healthy Weight

Overweight

Obese

*BMI category based on percentile (underw eight= below 5th percentile, healthy w eight= 5th percentile to less than the 85th percentile, overw eight= equal to or greater than the 85th, but less than the 95th percentile, obese= equal to or greater than the 95th percentile) for age. Data Source: North Carolina Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) Survey Data (2008): State Center for Health Statistics, Raleigh NC.

GenderGenderPercentage of N.C. Children (Age 10-17) Who Were Overweight or Obese, by Gender (2008)

17 18

19 11

01020304050

Male FemalePer

cent

age

of C

hild

ren

Obese

Overweight

29%36%

BMI category based on percentile (underw eight= below 5th percentile, healthy w eight= 5th percentile to less than the 85th percentile, overw eight= equal to or greater than the 85th, but less than the 95th percentile, obese= equal to or greater than the 95th percentile) for age. Data Source: North Carolina Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) Survey Data (2008): State Center for Health Statistics, Raleigh NC.

Age GroupAge GroupPercentage of N.C. Children (Age 10-17) Who Were

Overweight or Obese, by Age Group (2008)

20 16 17

1716 14

0

10

20

30

40

50

10-11 12-14 15-17Child Age (years)

Per

cen

tag

e o

f C

hil

dre

n a

nd

Y

ou

th

Obese

Overweight

37%32% 31%

BMI category based on percentile (underw eight= below 5th percentile, healthy w eight= 5th percentile to less than the 85th percentile, overw eight= equal to or greater than the 85th, but less than the 95th percentile, obese= equal to or greater than the 95th percentile) for age. Data Source: North Carolina Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) Survey Data (2008): State Center for Health Statistics, Raleigh NC.

Race/EthnicityRace/Ethnicity

Percentage of N.C. Children (Age 10-17) Who Were Overweight or Obese, by Race/Ethnicity (2008)

16 20 23 24 1712

21 21 1915

01020304050

White AfricanAmerican

OtherMinorities

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Pe

rce

nta

ge

of C

hild

ren

an

d Y

ou

th

Overweight Obese

28%

41% 44% 43%

32%

BMI category based on percentile (underw eight= below 5th percentile, healthy w eight= 5th percentile to less than the 85th percentile, overw eight= equal to or greater than the 85th, but less than the 95th percentile, obese= equal to or greater than the 95th percentile) for age. Data Source: North Carolina Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) Survey Data (2008): State Center for Health Statistics, Raleigh NC.

Physical ActivityPhysical Activity

Percentage of N.C. Children (Age 6-17) who met the Recommendation of 60 minutes of Physical Activity on a

typical day by Gender and Age group (2007)

84% 77%93% 87%

76%65%

0

20

40

60

80

100

Male Female Under 5 5-10 11-13 14-17

Per

cen

tag

e o

f C

hil

dre

n a

nd

Y

ou

th

Data Source: North Carolina Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) Survey Data (2007): State Center for Health Statistics, Raleigh NC.

Age (years)

Fruit and Vegetable ConsumptionFruit and Vegetable Consumption

Percentage of N.C. Children (Age 1-17) Who Ate 3+ Servings of Fruit or Vegetables on a Typical Day, by Age

(2007)

28 28 28 2634

4738

2028 28

0

20

40

60

80

100

AllChildren

Under 5 5-10 11-13 14-17Per

cen

tag

e o

f C

hil

dre

n

3+ ServingsofVegetablesper Day

3+ Servingsof Fruit perDay

Data Source: North Carolina Child Health Assessment and Monitoring Program (CHAMP) Survey Data (2007): State Center for Health Statistics, Raleigh NC.

The North Carolina Nutrition and Physical The North Carolina Nutrition and Physical Activity Surveillance System (NC-NPASS)Activity Surveillance System (NC-NPASS)

Child health indicators from local public Child health indicators from local public health departments and Women, Infants health departments and Women, Infants and Children (WIC) programsand Children (WIC) programs

Includes height, weight, a few lab Includes height, weight, a few lab measures and limited behavioral datameasures and limited behavioral data

May not be representative of the total May not be representative of the total population as a wholepopulation as a whole

N.C. Children and Youth N.C. Children and Youth Overweight TrendsOverweight Trends

Percentage of NC Children and Youth who are Overweight* by Age Group (1995-2007)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Per

cen

tag

e

2-4 years 5-11 years 12-18 years

*BMI based on body mass index for age and gender. Source: North Carolina-Nutrition and Physical Activity Surveillance System (NC-NPASS) includes data on children seen in North Carolina Public Health Sponsored WIC and Child Health Clinics and some School Based Health Centers. (1995-2007).

N.C. Children and Youth N.C. Children and Youth Obesity TrendsObesity Trends

Percentage of NC Children and Youth who are Obese* by Age Group (1995-2007)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Per

cen

tag

e

2-4 years 5-11 years 12-18 years

*BMI based on body mass index for age and gender. Source: North Carolina-Nutrition and Physical Activity Surveillance System (NC-NPASS) includes data on children seen in North Carolina Public Health Sponsored WIC and Child Health Clinics and some School Based Health Centers. (1995-2007).

The Youth Risk Behavior The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)Surveillance System (YRBSS)

Developed by CDC to monitor priority health-risk Developed by CDC to monitor priority health-risk behaviors among youthbehaviors among youth

National, school-based surveyNational, school-based survey

Completed by students (in approximately 45 Completed by students (in approximately 45 minutes) in the classroomminutes) in the classroom

Conducted biennially since 1991, at the national, Conducted biennially since 1991, at the national, state and local levels. state and local levels.

Trends in Weight of N.C. High Trends in Weight of N.C. High School StudentsSchool Students

Trends in the Percentage of N.C. High School Students Who Were Overweight or Obese (2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2001 2003 2005 2007

Per

cen

tag

e o

f H

igh

Sch

oo

l S

tud

ents

Overweight Obese Overweight or Obese

Weight category based percentile (overweight= equal to or greater than the 85th, but less than the 95th percentile, obese= equal to or greater than the 95th percentile) for age and gender. Source: North Carolina Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, North Carolina Department of Public Instruction and North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. (2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007).

N.C. Middle and High School Students, N.C. Middle and High School Students, by Gradeby Grade

Percentage of N.C. Middle School (2005) and High School (2007) Students Who Are Overweight or Obese,

by Grade

20 19 17 17 21 15 15

17 14 16 14 1312 11

01020304050

6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th

2005 2007

Per

cen

tag

e o

f S

tud

ents

Obese*

Overweight*

*BMI based on body mass index for age and gender. Source: North Carolina Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, North Carolina Department of Public Instruction and North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (2005 and 2007).

37% 33% 33% 31% 34%27% 26%

Students Who Described Themselves as Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight or Were Trying to Lose WeightOverweight or Were Trying to Lose Weight

Percentage of N.C. Middle School Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight or Were Trying to

Lose Weight (2007)

23% 22% 25%

43% 45% 45%

0

20

40

60

80

100

6th Grade 7th Grade 8th GradePer

cen

tag

e o

f S

tud

ents

Percentage of students who describe themselves as overweight

Percentage of students who are trying to lose weight

Source: North Carolina Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, North Carolina Department of Public Instruction and North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. (2007).

N.C. High School Students, by N.C. High School Students, by Race/EthnicityRace/Ethnicity

Percentage of N.C. High School Students Who Were Overweight or Obese, by Race/Ethnicity (2007)

10%

20%24%

13%19%17%15%

11%

0

10

20

30

40

50

White African American Hispanic/Latino OtherPer

cen

tag

e o

f H

igh

Sch

oo

l S

tud

ents

Overweight Obese

Source: North Carolina Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, North Carolina Department of Public Instruction and North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. (2007).