The Carbon

Footprint

Paul CondranEquipment Maintenance/Fleet

ManagerCity of Culver City

Paul CondranEquipment Maintenance/Fleet

ManagerCity of Culver City

What is Carbon Footprint?

What must you do to Reduce it?

“Innovation Doesn’t Really Matter, Unless it Does Something That

Does Matter”

2

To Carb or Not?To Carb or Not?

carbon footprint is ~

1. A measure of the impact our activities have on the environment 2. It correlates directly to and in particular to climate change 3. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day- to-day living4. Primarily through the burning of fossil fuels and electricity 5. Carbon footprint is a measurement of all greenhouse gases we produce and is measured in units of tons (or kg) of carbon dioxide equivalents

What is Carbon Footprint?

To Carb or Not?To Carb or Not?

1. When calculating GHG for fleets (i.e. emissions related to fuel), CO2 carries the largest percentage of these gases, which is likely why

GHG emissions are also equated to the term “carbon footprint.”

2. References to “carbon footprint” essentially mean the amount and manner of all GHGs that are generated by an individual, a business, a government entity, a location, a process, etc. = “The Total Footprint” 

3. The emissions of carbon are directly proportional to energy consumption.  When a value for GHG is used, it means the total of all of these gases for any given operation calculated together

4. GHG also includes ozone, but is not actually generated through energy use as the others are; instead, ozone is a by-product of the other noted gases chemically interacting with sunlight in the atmosphere, so it isn’t “calculated” as a GHG when looking at direct emissions from energy consumption, at least not in our industry. 

VideoVideo

A Carbenism….

So, what is Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions, Exactly?

Not, Particulate Matter (PM)

Not, Nitrogen Oxides - Nox - Now, you’re surprised!

– Surprised?

These are “hard” pollutants – you can see them, These are “hard” pollutants – you can see them, smell them, and feel them in the air, especiallysmell them, and feel them in the air, especially

when certain atmospheric conditions are presentwhen certain atmospheric conditions are present

Wait, We’re Not Carb’en Yet!!

GHG (greenhouse gases) is the collective term used for the following elements:

•CO2 (carbon dioxide)

•N2O (nitrous oxide)

•CH4 (complex, multi-mixed methane)

• HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons)

• CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)

Now, we’re Carb’en!!

Therefore, GHG is -

Almost Carb’en….Almost Carb’en….

Interesting Facts!!CO2 emissions from a gallon of gasoline = 19.4 pounds/gallon

CO2 emissions from a gallon of diesel = 22.2 pounds/gallon

CO2 emissions from a gallon of natural gas (GGE) = .0061 pounds/GGE

CO2 emissions from electricity emit 1.297lbs per kWh CO2 emissions from a gallon of propane (LPG) = 2.61 lbs

Get’en to Carb’enGet’en to Carb’en

What Do You Do To De-Carb?What Do You Do To De-Carb?

1. Select a fuel source with the greatest advantage

2. Cost effective for your operation

3. Technology is available

4. Grant money available to help you

5. Create synergies

6. Develop partners to assist you (The OEM’s)

7. Know and calculate your emissions data beforehand to realize the greatest cost benefit

Let’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitLet’s Reduce Your Carbon Habit

So, what can you do?

What are the next steps?

How can you make a difference?

To Carb or Not?To Carb or Not?

YearDiesel Gallons

Consumed CO2 in m.t.                    

2001 501,358 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 Baseline

2002   2,672 2,672                  

2003   2,447   2,447                

2004   2,223     2,223              

2005   1,998       1,998            

2006   1,774         1,774          

2007   1,549           1,549        

2008   1,325             1,325      

2009   1,100               1,100    

2010 80,265 776                 776  

      224 449 673 898 1,122 1,347 1,571 1,796 2,020 10,100

  1st yr 2nd yr 3rd yr 4th yr 5th yr 6th yr 7th yr 8th yr 9th yr

Total CO2 reduction over 9

years

Emission Calculation Worksheet    

   

  Emission Factor:  

  NOX X  

  PM10    

  ROG    

             

   

  Old Engine New Engine  

  Application Application    

   

    g/bhp-hr   g/bhp-hr  

   

    miles/yr   miles/yr  

   

  4conversion factor 4

conversion factor  

   

  907,200 g/ton 907,200 g/ton  

   

  00.0% tons/yr/vehicle 0.00000 tons/yr/vehicle  

   

  # vehicles in project # vehicles in project

   

  engine life - yrs engine life - yrs

   

00.0%  total tons project life 00.0%  total tons project life

   

   

   Emission

Reduction:    

    0.000    

   tons for total project life    

             

             

  Old Engine FD-1060 Diesel New Engine Cummins C8.3L  

  Application On-road Dump Truck ApplicationOn-road Dump 

Truck  

   

  10.7 g/bhp-hr 1.2 g/bhp-hr  

   

  4000 miles/yr 4000 miles/yr  

   

  4 conversion factor 4 conversion factor  

   

  907,200 g/ton 907,200 g/ton  

   

  0.18871 tons/yr/vehicle 0.02116 tons/yr/vehicle  

   

  3 # vehicles in project 3 # vehicles in project  

   

  12 engine life - yrs 12 engine life - yrs  

   

  6.79 total tons project life 0.76 total tons project life  

   

   

 Emission

Reduction:  

  6.032  

 tons for total project

life  

             

We’re Gett’en to Carb’en…

Calif. Air Resources BoardCalif. Air Resources Board

CARB

Executive

OrderExample

Try to Carb This!Try to Carb This!

Diesel Emissions (yes even clean diesel)

Diesel carbon content per

gallon: .0107 mt

= Winner!!

Gasoline carbon content per gallon: .0093 mt Second Place!!

Propane carbon content per-gallon is .0061 mt of

Natural Gas carbon content per gallon is .00007 mt.

http://www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.htm

The Carbon FootprintThe Carbon Footprint

Maximum Carb’en Maximum Carb’en

The Carb’enism The Carb’enism

Through legislation, some countries are going to impose an additional car tax, as early as 2012, through the annual registration based on the engine's CO2 emissions. The higher, the more you pay, the lower the less you pay. Ireland SpainEngland EgyptAustraliaGreeceSwedenBrussels  $ $ $ $

To Carb or not to Carb?To Carb or not to Carb?

The Carbon FootprintThe Carbon Footprint

The Carb’enism The Carb’enism

Myths

#1 Carbon Dioxide= Bad

Myth #2

Carbon Monoxide is Not Carbon Dioxide

Back to the Carb (or not) Back to the Carb (or not)

The Carbon-Free Nation?The Carbon-Free Nation?

What is the Carbon Footprint Standard?

• Unified and independent

• Recognizes all stages of carbon management - from assessment, to carbon reductions and carbon neutrality

• Applicable to organizations / businesses

• Applicable to products / services

• Aligned with international best practice / standards such as ISO14064, Publicly Available Specification 2050 (PAS2050) and Publicly Available Specification 2060 (PAS2060)

The Carbon-Free Nation?The Carbon-Free Nation?

Why do you need the Carbon Footprint Standard

• Demonstrate your environmental credentials

• Enhance your company reputation

• Meet increasing supply-chain materials needs

• Achieve positive PR and create marketing opportunities

• Motivate your employees

• Engage with your customers and stakeholders

• Calculate your carbon offsets and document your validations

Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”

CNG - Compressed Natural Gas

• Clean, abundant & 100% domestic• Can be renewable• Vehicles and engines available, safe• Fueling available, not uncommon and the infrastructure is already in-place• Public stations are everywhere

Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”

Liquid Propane Gas

LPG

• Fossil fuel, cleaner/cheaper than gas/diesel• Domestic & Abundant • Stations are everywhere• Vehicles and engines available• Good inexpensive technology• Not as clean as natural gas

Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”

Hybrids & Plug-in Hybrids

• Two or more power sources for propulsion• HEV = Hybrid Electric Vehicle• PHEV = Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle• Series, Parallel, Hydraulic, HFCV• Almost any fuel can be used for the engine• All electric mode• Increase MPG• Increase range

Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”

• Electric cars are here• BEV – battery electric vehicle• NEV – neighborhood electric vehicle• MSEV – medium speed electric vehicle• Batteries

EV

Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”

• H2 = battery

• Made from any feedstock

• FCEV = Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

• Several manufacturer projects

• Future?

• Expensive

Hydrogen

H

Let’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitLet’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitWhat You Can Do

What You Can Do

• Very important to be a collaborative thinker

• Openly listen to the ideas of others & be flexible

• Become brilliant (but it’s perfectly fine to make mistakes)

• Once you commit to an alternative fuel, do it at 100% and become the best at using, developing & applying the technologies

• We don’t recommend taking a cafeteria approach to alternative fuels; it’s very hard to effectively manage and too costly

• Some alternative fuels will force you into a “hostage situation” (for the delivery/availability of the fuel) - This must be avoided

• Meet with and listen to the advice of the experts & suppliers

• Develop vehicle specifications around the technology. Don’t fit the technology to existing equipment

Recycling Products• Used Oil• Used Oil & Fuel Filters – Use of lifetime oil filters• Batteries (All types)• Replace Light Bulbs/Fixtures to low emitting (including fluorescents) • Anti-Freeze• Tires (Incorporate a major recap/re-groove program)• Various kinds of paper• Scrap Metal• Aluminum cans & plastic bottles (Use for an “employee fund”)

Shop Supplies• Recycled Products & Best Business Practices• Go Digital – Paperless processes. Store and read files from your PC with no need to print them

Carbon Reduction Opportunities

Let’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitLet’s Reduce Your Carbon Habit• Become LEED Certified (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design)

• Close loop operation - Facilities

• Zero Waste Operation

• Lighting, HVAC and facility maintenance control systems

• Solar electricity in your facilities

• Use of on-property wind technology to create/harness electricity

• Require deliveries and products purchased within city limits

Culver City’s Carbon Cutting CrazeCulver City’s Carbon Cutting Craze• We dispense close to one million gallons of natural gas each year (GGE’s)

• We have reduced and/or eliminated 63,000lbs of PM

• We have reduced and/or eliminated 91,000 lbs of Nox

• We have reduced our CO2 footprint by 2,120 mt.

• We have lowered our carbon footprint by over 2,000 mt.

• Own and operate a three compressor CNG station

• 85% of our heavy & medium fleet use CNG, 25% of L/D fleet use CNG

• Fleet utilization policy incorporates an alternative fuel

replacement approach and speaks to CO2 reduction

• Mandatory recycling (all products), lighting controls and “Green” purchasing policies

Back to Carb’enBack to Carb’en

www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.htm

Helpful Websites to Calculate your Carbon Emission Reductions

www.caleemod.com

www.business.edf.org/projects/fleet-vehicles/fleet-greenhouse-gas-emissions-calculator

www.carbonfund.org

You Can De-Carbon Your OperationYou Can De-Carbon Your Operation

YES!!

The Carbon FootprintThe Carbon Footprint

Thank You!!!! Paul Condran

Equipment Maintenance/Fleet ManagerCity of Culver City310.253.6525paul.condran@culvercity.org

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