The Cardiovascular System Entertainment Group Presents:

BLOODThe Musical

Human A & PJ. Allen

2009

Components of the CV System BLOOD

BLOOD VESSELS

HEART

Immunity

Regulates: pH, body temp, water content

of cells

Clotting

Transports Oxygen,

Carbon Dioxide, nutrients, heat,

waste, and hormones

BLOOD

Blood “Stats” Comprises ___% of body weight pH between _____and ________

Acidosis---pH falls below Alkalosis—pH rises above

Denser than ________and 5x more __________ Volume

4-5 L for women (_____gal) 5-6 L for men (_____gal)

Temperature 100.4 FQ) Why not 98.6 F?A) Movement and friction generates heat

Components of Blood _____% Plasma

92% of plasma is made up of ______

8% are other substances such as _______, _______, _______

____% Formed Elements 99 % of F. E. are ________ 1% called the _______

_______are __________ and ___________, which are involved in __________

Related Terms The study of blood,

blood forming tissues, and blood disorders is called ___________

Hematocrit (Hct) Measures RBC % in

blood sample Avg. female Hct is

38-45 Avg. male Hct is 40-

54 CBC—most commonly

ordered blood test Measures RBC’s,

WBC’s, platelets

DO WE REALLY HAVE BLUE BLOOD:   Your *blood* does not ever *look* blue. 

The blue things you see under your skin are veins.  Veins are really whitish in color but because the blood is dark and the skin diffuses the light, the veins *look* blue. 

So when you bleed the blue blood does not meet the air and turn red ? 

  No, the dark red blood *may* pick up a little oxygen and brighten up a slight bit, but your blood is *never* blue

RED BLOOD CELLS• Called ___________, and produced by the

process of _______________. What is erythropoietin? _________________________________________

__________________• Shaped like a ___________ or a disk• Have no nuclei and few organelles• Do not use ___________for energy• Contains ______________ (red pigment)

– Composed of ___________groups throughout, with a centralized_______________ atom that binds to __________________

• Average life span of RBC’s is ________________• 1 RBC contains ______________hemoglobin

molecules that contain __________________ molecules of Oxygen!!!

White Blood CellsSTATS• Called______________________, are

produced by the lymph nodes and bone marrow to fight off invaders. (In children, __________gland also produces them)

• unlike RBC's, contain ____________and ______________ but no ___________

• detect ____________ __________by chemicals released from injured area

• life span: few __________to few ____________

• normal count is between __________& _____________ per drop, but can reach a level of _________________in Leukemia patients (WBC cancer).

• ______________can also spike WBC count initially to around _______________

TYPES OF WBC’S• GRANULAR LEUKOCYTES--

contain chemical filled vesicles which phagocytize or engulf invaders

1. Neutrophils--most numerous, and are first to respond to bacteria or invaders ex) PUS!!!

2. Eosinophils--respond to allergic reactions, involved in inflammatory responses, and are specific to parasitic worms such as tapeworms, roundworms, and hookworms.

TAPEWORMS!!!

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

GRANULAR LEUKOCYTES3. BASOPHILS are the rarest of the three, and are also involved in inflammation, and release HEPARIN An anticoagulant –anti -clotting used for heart/vascular patients and during open heart surgery.• also release histamine, which is a bronchiole constrictor and vasodilator. Blood rushes to the allergen affected area making it

more difficult to breathe.

White blood cells

• Agranular leukocytes1. Lymphocytes-

vaccinations boost the number of these.

– Include:– T-CELLS-- which aid

in fighting cancer, viruses, and fungi

– B-CELLS--- which inactivate bacterial toxins

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

AGRANULAR LEUKOCYTES

2. MONOCYTES

last responders are larger in numbers, and bring wandering macrophages which clean up debris in the affected area by phagocytosis

PLATELETS

• are cell fragments that form plugs in the injured vessel, and also promote clotting (aka coagulation).

Diseases of rbc’s

• Hemachromatosis– Body absorbs more

Iron than it needs– Untreated, may cause

arthritis, liver disease, diabetes

anemia

• Disease in which the oxygen carrying capacity of blood is reduced to a decrease in hemoglobin– Pale, tired, cold

Sickle cell anemia

• Half moon shaped blood cells

• cause circulation problems, very painful

• Genetic, prevalent in african americans

hdn• Hemolytic disease of the newborn

– Mother’s blood is Rh negative, fetus’s blood is Rh positive– Mother’s blood will make anti-rh antibodies to attack fetal blood– Can receive an injection to prevent this from happening

blood types•RBC’s have _________________, or surface proteins, which determine blood type. There are two types of antigens: _________&_________. There are 4 major blood types: A, B, AB, & O. Our blood plasma produces _____________against blood that is not our own, except for the ________blood type.

BLOOD TYPE

ANTIGEN ANTIBODIESPRODUCED

CANRECEIVE

FROM

CANDONATE

TO

ABO AGGLUTINATION(CLUMPING)

ANTI-A ANTI-B

WELLPLATES A B

%

Rh Factor • First discovered in the

Rhesus Monkey• If a person has the protein in

their blood, they are Rh +• If a person does not have it,

they are Rh –• To determine the frequency

of a blood type:

Ex) A+ (A) (+) 100 x 100

42 85

2.4 x 1.8

Therefore, 1 in 4.3 people have A+ blood