ProblemsWithUrbanization

TheCAUSESofUrbanizationI.  FourfactorsresponsibleforurbanizationA.  Americanagriculturemechanized i.  Farmsdon’tneedalargeworkforce(machinesdothework)ii.  RushfromruraltourbanareastoBindwork

B.  AmericanIndustrializationincreasedi.  TheincreaseinAmericanindustrydemandedanincreaseinthe

laborforcelocatedinurbancitiesii.  Americancitizensmovedfromruralenvironmentstourban

citiestoworkinnewindustrialjobs.

C.  Americanimmigrationincreasedi.  ImmigrantsbeginrushingintoAmericaforopportunityii.  Employment,escapestarvation,refugees

D.  NewtechnologiesallowedAmericanurbanizationtotakeplace:

i.  Steel,skyscrapers,elevators,electricity,subwaysallowedcitiestoform

UrbanizationI.  Rapidurbanizationoccurredinthelate19thcenturyin

Northeasterncities(NYC,Boston,Philly,Pittsburgh)A.  Americansbeganmovingtocities

II.  NewindustrialjobsledmanyAmericanstoseekabetterlifeinurbanareas

III.  ImmigrantpopulationsalsogrewinAmericancitiesduetoemploymentopportunities&availablehousing

AmericanizationMovementI.  Many Americans feared that

the high increase in the number of immigrants would lead to a loss of American culture

II.  The Americanization Movement was created to assimilate immigrants into American culture

A.  Want immigrants to act like Americans

III.  Immigrants were taught English, American history, cooking & social skills

I.  DespitetheAmericanizationmovementmanyimmigrantsmovedintoneighborhoodswithothersfromthesamecountry. A.  ManyimmigrantsdidnotwanttoAmericanize;happywiththeir

culturesandwantedtokeepthemB.  Theycouldheartheirownlanguage,eatfamiliarfoods,andkeep

theircustoms.

II.  DuetothelowwagesofindustrialjobsmostimmigrantslivedintenementsA.  Poorlybuilt,overcrowdedapartmentsB.  Lowincomehousing(ghettos&projects)

EarlyUrbanLife

Tenements I.  Highnumbersofimmigrantswere

forcedintotenementsalongwithothernativebornAmericans

II.  Alotofpeoplewereforcedtoliveinverysmallspaces.

III.  Fewornowindowstoletinfreshairandsunshine

IV.  Tenementshadnoindoorplumbingandimmigrantslivedindisgustingconditions

V.  Diseases(cholera,tuberculosisandinBluenza)spreadquicklyinthesecrowdedneighborhoods

ExposingTenementsI.  Reformersandorganizationssoonsteppedintoassist

theurbanpoor

II.  Journalist&photographerJacobRiisexposedthehorribleconditionsinNewYorktenementsinhisbookHowtheOtherHalfLives.

A.  DiscussedtheterribleconditionsofimmigrantsinNYCtenements

B.  GainedsupportfromrichAmericanstodosomethingaboutthetenementsinNYC

III.  CitiesbeganpassinglawstoaddressthehorriBicconditionsoftenements

A.  Airshafts,outsidewindows(air),indoorplumbing,safetyfeatures

DoNow

I.  VisitGoogleClassroomII.  Openthedocumenttitled:HowtheOtherHalfLivesIII.  Withapartnerreadtheexcerptfromthe

document…IV.  TheclasswillreadthedocumenttogetherV.  Answerthequestionsthataccompanythe

document…

PROBLEMSWITHURBANIZATION

UrbanProblemsI.  Americancitiesgrewincrediblyfastduringthelate19th

century

II.  TheproblemàAmericancitiesgrewtoobigtoofast

III.  Citiesstruggledtoprovidethenecessaryservices&safelivingconditionsfortheresidents

Urban Problems

I.  Housing II.  Transportation III. Water IV.  Sanitation V.  Fire VI.  Crime

UrbanProblemsI.  Housing:Overcrowded

tenementswereun-healthyplacestolive.A.  Peoplediedduetounsafe

livingconditionsII.  Sanitation:Garbage

oftenwasnotcollectedandpollutedtheair.A.  LivinginIilthleadsto

death&diseasesFamous photographer Jacob Riis captured the struggle of living in crowded tenements

III.  Transportation:Citiesstruggledtoprovideadequatetransitsystems.

IV. Water:Withoutsafedrinkingwatercholeraandtyphoidfeverwerecommon

V.  Crime:AspopulationsincreasedthievesIlourished.

VI.  Fire:Limitedwater,woodenstructures,andtheuseofcandlesledtomanymajorurbanIires.

Harper’s Weekly image of Chicagoans fleeing the fire over the Randolph Street bridge in 1871

UrbanSolutionsI.  Housing:citiespassedlawsforcinglandlordstoimprove

tenements(airshafts,windows,indoorplumbing)II.  Transportation:citiesprovidedmasstransit(subways,streetcars)III.  Water:citiesopenedwaterBiltrationmethodsbutstruggledwith

cleanwaterIV.  Sanitation:citiescreatedwastedepartmentsfortrashcollection

andopenedsewersforhumanwasteV.  Crime:citiescreatedpolicedepartmentstocontrolcrimeVI.  Fire:citiesprovidedfulltimeBiredepartmentstoBightBires

ReformArrivesI.  Asurbanproblemscontinuedtogrowmanyreformers

soughttobetterthelivesofimmigrantsandurbanpoor

II.  TheSocialGospelMovementpreachedsalvationthroughservicetothepoor.

A.  ChurchesbeganassistingurbanpoorinanefforttogettoheavenB.  Godwantstherichtohelpthepoor(religiousobligation)

III.  SomereformersestablishedSettlementHouses:A.  SettlementhousesprovidedassistancetourbanpoorB.  Offeredaplacetostay,educationalclasses,healthcareandother

socialservicesC.  (Ex:YMCA,organizationstohelppoor&needy)

TheHullHouse

I.  TheHullHousewasthemostfamousandrecognizedofthesettlementhouses

II.  TheHullHousewasfoundedinChicago,ILbyJANEADDAMS

III.  TheHullHouseandothersettlementhousesprovidedassistancetourbanpoor

AREYOUWITHME???1)  WhatfourfactorsledtourbangrowthintheU.S.A.?

2)  WhatistheAmericanizationmovementandwhydidmanyimmigrantsBightagainstit?

3)  Whatisthenameforthehomesthatimmigrantsandurbanpoorwereforcedtoliveinduringthelate1800s?

4)  Whoexposedtheterribleconditionsofurbancities&inwhatbook?

5)  Listandexplain5problemsthaturbancitiesfacedduringthistimeperiod?

6)  Whatwascreatedtoaddresstheproblemsofurbanpoor?Whatisthenameofthemostfamousone?