the cell cycle and mitosis. what is mitosis? mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Cell Cycle and MitosisThe Cell Cycle and Mitosis
![Page 2: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Mitosis?What is Mitosis?
Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide.
Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called binary fission.
![Page 3: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is the purpose of What is the purpose of Mitosis?Mitosis?
When single celled organisms go through mitosis, they are reproducing: there are now two new organisms (asexual reproduction).
Multicellular organisms go through mitosis to produce new cells to grow or to replace dying or damaged cells (growth and repair).
![Page 4: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Human DevelopmentHuman Development
Sperm Motility
Cleavage and Implantation
Development of a fetus
![Page 5: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Key termsKey termsChromosome- structure made of
highly coiled or condensed DNA.Chromatin – the uncoiled form of
DNA.Sister chromatids – two identical
sections (copies) of DNA joined together at the centromere.
Pictures on next slide
![Page 6: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Often confused termsOften confused terms 1. Single strand of
chromatin (DNA’s normal structure in the nucleus)
2. Two sister chromatids joined at centromere (After replication)
3. Replicated or double stranded chromosome after condensation. Each half is still considered a sister chromatid (During the cell cycle)
Gap1 Synthesis Prophase
1 2 3
![Page 7: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is the cell cycle?What is the cell cycle?All cells pass through a series of
events called the cell cycle.Some cells cycle continually, other
cell types only a limited number of times before they die.
![Page 8: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Cell CycleCell CycleOnly one hour out of 22 is spent in active division (Mitosis)Depending upon the type of cell undergoing the cycle.
![Page 9: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Relationship of StagesRelationship of StagesInterphase
consists of:Gap 1 (G1)Synthesis (S)Gap 2 (G2)Total time : 21
Hours
Mitosis consists of:ProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophaseTotal time : 1 Hour
![Page 10: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
InterphaseInterphase Typical Cell spends
95% of its time in interphase
Centrioles replicate during Gap 1
DNA copies itself during Synthesis
Growth occurs during all three phases.
![Page 11: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
WhatWhat’’s the DNA s the DNA doing?doing?
Chromatin in Gap 1Replicates in
SynthesisCondenses into
chromosome during early mitosis (prophase).
![Page 12: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ProphaseProphaseChromatin starts to coil into
chromosomesNucleus, Nucleolus and Nuclear
membrane (N guys) start to dissolve
Centrioles moving to opposite ends of cell
By end, chromosomes fully formed, N guys gone, and centrioles at opposite ends of cell.
![Page 13: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
MetaphaseMetaphaseAll chromosomes line up
on equator of cellSpindle fibers attach to
each chromosome
![Page 14: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
AnaphaseAnaphase Spindle fibers contract
and pull sister chromatids apart
Full set of DNA eventually pulled to opposite ends of cell.
![Page 15: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TelophaseTelophaseChromosomes begin to uncoilNuclear membrane begins to reformIn plants, cell plate forms to divide
cytoplasmIn animals, cleavage furrow forms
to divide cytoplasm
![Page 16: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cells divide. Prokaryotes divide through a simpler process called](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022012916/56649f295503460f94c4224f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)