the cell phone in the classroom: a foe or a friend? eurocall 2011
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The cell phone in the classroom: a foe or a friend? EUROCALL 2011. Irina Averianova, Nagoya Business University, Japan. Cell Phone - History. 1973 - The first hand-held mobile phone by Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The cell phone in the classroom: a foe
or a friend?
EUROCALL 2011
The cell phone in the classroom: a foe
or a friend?
EUROCALL 2011Irina Averianova, Nagoya Business University, Japan
Irina Averianova, Nagoya Business University, Japan
Cell Phone - History
1973 - The first hand-held mobile phone by Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola
1979 – The first commercially automated cellular network (the 1G) was launched in Japan by NTT DoCoMo
1981 – The simultaneous launch of the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden
1983 - The first USAG network using the Motorola DynaTAC mobile phone.
Cell Phone – More History
1991 - The first "modern" network of digital 2G (second generation) cellular technology was launched by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Group) in in Finland
1999 – The first i-mode service (connection of mobile phones to the Internet) by NTT DoCoMo, Japan
2001 - The first commercial launch of 3G (Third Generation) technology was again in Japan by NTT DoCoMo
2007 - The first IPhone, Internet- and multimedia-enabled smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.
2010 – The first 4th Generation iPhone model released in Japan.
Cell Phone - History
1905 2011
Cell Phone Statistics - worldwide mobile phone subscriptions
Rank
Country or region
Number of mobile phones
% of population
Last updated
- World Over 5 billion 2010
1 China 906,800,000 67.1 June 2011
2 India 840,280,000 70.23 May 2011
3 United States
302,947,098 96 Dec 2010
4 Russia 220,550,000 151.9 February 2011
5 Brazil 217,300,000 111.6 June 2011
6 Indonesia 168,264,000 73.1 May 2009
7 Japan 107,490,000 84.1 Mar. 2009
Cell Phone Functions Telephony
Text messaging
MMS
Internet access
Podcasts
Photography
Various business applications
Gaming
Cell Phone – A friend?
Access
Ubiquity
More reading and writing among teenagers (B. Bass, Maryland Writing Project, 2002; D.Crystal, 2009)
Diversification of writing (H.Helderman, 2003)
Revising and editing (G. Jacobs, 2005)
Cell Phone – A foe?Cheating
2002 - University of Maryland, College Park, 12 students
2002 - Hitotsubashi University, 26 students
2004 - England, 287 school and college students
Multitasking
Disruption
Txting – instead of normative writing > lack of code-switching skills
Instant Messaging-Development1995 -0.4 messages per customer per month
2006 - 72% of all mobile phone users worldwide use Short Message Service (SMS).
Finland, Sweden, Norway - 90% of the population
The European average - about 85%
2010 - 2.4 trillion messages
Texting as Electronic Discourse: Written Speech Spoken Writing
(Hybrid, A new computer style, Internet Slang, Internet language, Net speak, Chat Room Shorthand, Tech-talk, Nu English)
DISCURSIVE DRIVES
Economy of writing
Linguistic relaxation
Maintenance of orality in the absence of direct auditory interaction
NUCB SurveyDo you have a cell phone?
Teachers – 73 % Students – 100 %
For STUDENTS: what kind of cell phone?
50 % have Smart Phone (iPhone, etc.)
For TEACHERS: Why not?
Happy without it.
No need.
Don’t need it in Japan.
Never had, never will.
NUCB Survey
How long have you had a cell phone?
More than 10 years
Teachers – 51 % Students – 17 % *
More than 5 years
Teachers – 39 % Students – 48.4 %
NUCB Survey - Functions
SMS, MMS, Email: “Never” or “Almost never”?
Teachers Students
48 % never send 4 %
32 % never receive 4 %
NUCB Survey - FunctionsTaking photos
Teachers Students
48.6 % never or almost never 11 %
Listening to sound files
Teachers Students
83 % never or almost never 36 %
NUCB Survey - FunctionsAccessing the Internet
Teachers Students
30 % 96 %
Playing games
ONLY 1 teacher SOMETIMES does
75 % of students DO
NUCB SurveyDo we need to use cell-phone for teaching and learning?
Agree DisagreeNot sure
Teachers
2.8 % 54.3 % 42.9 %
Students
47 % 3 % 50 %
NUCB SurveyHave you ever seen or heard or
read about any teaching/learning activities with cell-phones?
60 % of Teachers - NO
60 % of Students - YES
IF you ever --–”--- … would you like to try them in your practice?
72 % - NO or NOT SURE! 28 % - YES
NUCB Survey Students SHOULD NOT use cell-
phone at school
AGREE
Teachers Students
75 % 60 %
DISAGREE
Teachers Students
8.5 % 11 %
A Friend or a Foe?YES! “To address the educational needs of
our students it is important to understand how technology influences their everyday lives” (Hoopingarner, 2008)
YES! Japan is “one of the leading mobile telephone markets, not only in terms of size, but also in terms of innovation (Hulme-Jones, 2010)
YES! “The cell phone is the technology of choice for today’s students” (Hoopingarner, 2008)
A Friend or a Foe
Cell Phone at school - 2b or not 2b th@ts ?
Innovative research!
Innovative practice!Thank you!