the colonies come of age - fallbrook high schoolfallbrookhs.org/view/716.pdf · the colonies come...
TRANSCRIPT
The Colonies
Come of Age
Even though both Northern and Southern colonies prospered, many colonists began to question British
authority.
Ch. 1, sect 4
1. Religious intolerance – to practice “freely”
2. Political repression – tired of kings who ruled
without consulting parliament, kings who claimed to be divine
right monarchs, etc.
3. Dismal economic conditions – inflation and unemployment
4. Adventure and the lure of treasure, greed for gold and wealth
What were the motives that led
individuals to the colonies?
England and Its Colonies Prosper
Mercantilism – economic system in which nations seek to increase their wealth and power:
1. By obtaining large amounts of gold and silver 2. By establishing a favorable balance of trade
• Major Principles: a) Colonies should provide the
mother country with goods that it can’t provide
b) Colonies should not compete with the mother country
c) Colonies should be a market for goods produced by the mother country.
Navigation Acts in 1651 – Britain passes law to control colonial trade
Colonies Come of Age - between 1689-1763 enjoy a period of
salutary neglect because the
British left colonies alone. Too
busy fighting wars with France to enforce mercantilism. Colonies prospered and developed their own routines:
1. Northern colonies = Commerce
• Develop trade-based economy
• Large shipping ports
• Relied less on slave labor
2. Southern colonies = Plantation Economy – Cash crop – plantations specialized in
a single crop grown for sale
rather than for livestock feed.
– Relied heavily on slave labor. Provided by triangular trade.
French and Indian War (1754-1763)
a.k.a. Seven Years’ War
1. Fought in Northwest over ownership of the Ohio Valley.
• French had built a fort in land claimed by Virginia (Ohio Valley)
• Virginia militia, under George Washington’s command, was crushed by the French
• French, Indian allies, and Spain continued to defeat British militia (1755-1756)
• By 1759, British troops along with the Iroquois have victories over French.
.
Pontiac
2. Treaty of Paris (1763) ends the
war. Britain claimed all French territory along with Florida from Spain. Ottawa leader, Pontiac, continues to fight
and eventually British use smallpox contaminated blankets, which weakens Native American tribes
3. Result: the war ended the period of salutary neglect and began the enforcement of Mercantilism (1763)
Proclamation Line of 1763
Prohibited the colonist from settling west of the Appalachian Mnts.
1. Colonist angered over law
2. Britain wanted to contain colonists
3. Britain emerged as most powerful country, but broke!
4. Tax colonist and begin to enforce mercantilism
Video: American Revolution - Part 1 “Conflict Ignites – track 2 & 3” [12:21 – 22:34] (10 min)
Left-Side “Enlightenment and Great Awakening”
• Use page 34 – 36 [37-38], recreate the chart and answer the following question for each topic.
Enlightenment
Great
Awakening
1. What kind of
movement was it? (intellectual, social, political,
religious)
2. Who were its key
figures in the colonies?
3. What idea(s) did it
stress?
4. How are they similar? (Effects of the G.A and Enl.)