the composition of earth’s atmosphere and the role of the atmosphere in earth’s weather and...
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![Page 1: The composition of Earth’s Atmosphere and the role of the atmosphere in Earth’s weather and climate Mrs. Radef Science 7 Spring 2015 (Adapted from CCSD](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfc81a28abf838ca8846/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The composition of Earth’s Atmosphere and the role of the atmosphere in Earth’s weather and climate
*Earth’s Atmosphere
Mrs. Radef
Science 7
Spring 2015
(Adapted from CCSD RPDP Content Benchmark E.8.A.4 http://www.rpdp.net/sciencetips_v3/E8A4.htm )
![Page 2: The composition of Earth’s Atmosphere and the role of the atmosphere in Earth’s weather and climate Mrs. Radef Science 7 Spring 2015 (Adapted from CCSD](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfc81a28abf838ca8846/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
*The
Atmosphere
*Solar Energy
*Earth’s
Magnetic
Fields
Life on Earth is Supported by:
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The Atmosphere*Absorbs the energy from the Sun
*Recycles water and other chemicals to provide a moderate climate *Protects us from high-energy radiation and the frigid vacuum of space
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The Atmosphere*Earth’s atmosphere is a very thin layer of gases that surround a very large planet.
*An analogy of the relative diameter of the Earth compared to the thickness of the atmosphere would be to exhale onto a billiard ball (from a pool table).
*The billiard ball represents the Earth and the thin layer of condensation represents the relative thickness of its atmosphere.
![Page 5: The composition of Earth’s Atmosphere and the role of the atmosphere in Earth’s weather and climate Mrs. Radef Science 7 Spring 2015 (Adapted from CCSD](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfc81a28abf838ca8846/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
*The atmosphere makes up less than one millionth of the total mass of the Earth.
*Two gases make up the bulk of the atmosphere:
*nitrogen (N2) at 78%
*oxygen (O2) at 21%,
*The other one percent includes water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), argon, and trace amounts of other gases.
The Atmosphere
Constant components(proportions remain the same over time and location)Nitrogen (N2) 78.08%Oxygen (O2) 20.95%
Argon (Ar) 0.93%
Neon, Helium, Krypton 0.00%
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*The atoms and molecules that make up the various layers in the atmosphere are constantly moving in random directions.
*When they strike a surface they exert a force on that surface in what we observe as pressure.
Pressure and the Atmosphere
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*Atmospheric pressure can be imagined as the weight of the overlying column of air.
*Pressure decreases exponentially with increased altitude.
Pressure and the Atmosphere
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*At the top of Mt. Everest (elevation 29,028 ft.), pressure is as low as 300 mb.
*There are approximately one-third as many gas molecules inhaled per breath on top of Mt. Everest as at sea level
*Climbers experience severe shortness of breath the higher they go, as less oxygen is inhaled with every breath.
Pressure and the Atmosphere
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Earth’s atmosphere is divided into four layers:
*Troposphere
*Stratosphere
*Mesosphere
*Thermosphere
Layers of the Atmosphere
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*Variable components have a much greater influence on both short-term weather and long-term climate.
*Variations in water vapor impact relative humidity.
*CO2, CH4, N2O, and SO2 absorb heat emitted by the Earth and thus warm the atmosphere, creating the greenhouse effect.
Earth’s Changing Atmosphere
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Earth’s Changing Atmosphere
Variable components(amounts vary over time and location)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 0.04%
Water vapor (H20) 0-4%
Methane (CH4) trace
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) trace
Ozone (O3) trace
Nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2) trace
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Earth’s Changing Atmosphere
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Where can you go to learn more about the Earth’s Atmosphere?*http://www.noaa.gov/
*http://www.nasa.gov/
*http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/atmosphere/index.html
*http://www.ucar.edu/learn/1_3_1.htm
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Thanks for Watching