The contributions of petroleum and natural gas

Name: Vikramaeaswaran A/L

Subaharan

Class: 3 Amanah

School: SMK SEKSYEN 4 BANDAR

KINRARA

Teacher’s Name: Puan Maznah

Index

(a)The characteristics and uses of the

various fractions of petroleum

(b)The contributions of petroleum and

the natural gas are the economic

development of the country

(c) The efficient ways of using

petroleum and other natural fuel

resources

(d) Conclusion

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Objective

I am doing a report based on

the title given which is The

Contribution of Petroleum and

Natural Gas. My objective of

doing this folio is to learn how

the natural fuel resources are

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formed and the benefits they

provide to humans.

The characteristics and uses of the

various fractions of petroleum

Crude petroleum contains many

types of hydrocarbons mixed

together they must be separated

before we can make use of them.

As different hydrocarbons have

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different boiling points, they can

be separated into various

components called fractions by a

process called fractional

distillation.

In the oil and gas industry,

fractional distillation is carried

out by heating unprocessed

petroleum in a furnace at 400*C

in an oil refinery. The vapour

produce is channeled into a

fractionating column to collect

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the various fractions at different

temperatures.

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Each and every petroleum

fraction has its own

characteristics and uses. The

characteristics of the fraction

or distillate is related to its

boiling point. The higher the

boiling point of the distillate,

the darker its colour and the

more viscous it becomes. It is

less flammable and the

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quantity of soot formed also

increases.

The contributions of petroleum and the

natural gas to the economic

development of the country

1. About 75% of the total energy

used in Malaysia comes from

petroleum.

2. Petroleum is the main source of

energy for:

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(a) Running factories such as

food canning factories

(b) Mining and smelting metal

ores such as tin ore and iron

ore.

(c) Agricultural industries such

as rubber and oil palm

plantations.

(d) Our homes, offices,

hospitals and schools

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(e) Our vehicles such as cars

and buses

3. Petroleum is one of

Malaysia’s main exports.

Malaysia earns a lot of money

which is used for the welfare of

the citizens and the

development of the country.

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4. The petroleum industry has

created many other industries,

shipping, transport and

industries for household

products such as cooking gas.

5. The new industries have

created many more jobs for the

people and also attracted

foreign investors.

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The efficient ways of using petroleum and

other natural fuel resources

According to the Seventh

Malaysian Plan, our Government

has focused on ensuring

adequate, secure and cost-

effective supplies of natural fuel

resources, using energy resources

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efficiently and reducing pollution

in the environment.

There are various ways of using

natural fuel resources more

efficiently such as:

1. We should use our vehicles

only when necessary in order

to save petrol or diesel.

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2. We should use the LRT

system more frequently

instead of using our motor

cars.

3. We should recycle used

things such as aluminium cans,

iron articles and bottles. This is

because energy from resources

is needed to make these

things.

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4. We must find more efficient

ways to get petroleum, natural

gas and coal so that there is as

little wastage of these

resources as possible.

5. Do not use a washing

machine to wash just a few

pieces of clothes.

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Conclusion

Earth is made up of different resources.

Each resource has its benefits to the

humans. Natural fuel resources are the

most used resource in Malaysia. Natural

fuel resources are non-renewable which

means once used up, they cannot be

replaced. Humans should use this

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resources more efficiently so that it doesn’t

get depleted too quickly.

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Reference Source

1.

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-i6zAGVcyEm8/VDzOIYLhtTI/

AAAAAAAAAmc/9Kb2GmGF-bA/s1600/awaw.png

2. http://www.google.com/url?

sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved=0CE

wQFjAGahUKEwji9KX_7JbGAhXlUKYKHbbKB8w&u

rl=http%3A%2F%2Fetp.pemandu.gov.my%2Fupload

%2Fetp_handbook_chapter_6_oil_gas_and_energy.pdf

&ei=bniBVeKFNOWhmQW2lZ_gDA&usg=AFQjCNE

YGKhocITCJxr66qTuDI4lGgkDNg&bvm=bv.96041959,

d.dGY

3. Nexus Science PMR

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