the cultural song “prelude in the modal nuance dao ... · claude debussy’s “clair de lune”...
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Claude Debussy’s “Clair de Lune” and the Cultural Song “Prelude in the modal nuance Dao followed by an extract from the piece Ngu Cung Dao“ From Vietnam
May, 2018Personal Access Code:
Vietnam Population
89.7 million
Religions
Main religion is Buddhism
Land Mass (size)
329,247 sq km (127,123 sq miles)
LanguageVietnamese
High or educated speak French
Geographical InfluencesVietnam is on a peninsula and has:
tropical lowlands, hills, and densely forested highlands
Only 20% of the land is flat
Red River DeltaVietnam’s largest river
120 km long
140 km wide
15 million people inhabit the area
Central HighlandsArea of natural beauty
Bears scars from the war
Full of forests and waterfalls
Coastal Lowlands From red river delta to Mekong river basin
Rice is grown in these areas
Mekong Delta‘Rice bowl’ of Vietnam
Boats drive up and down with goods such as food
Political, Socioeconomic, and Religious InfluencesChina’s imperial rule
French colonization and imperialism
Farmers
Government officials, confucian form of civil service exams
Communist government
Middle class is emerging
Political, Socioeconomic, and Religious Influences
Religiously, Vietnam was influenced from the French and Chinese rulers.
Vietnamese MusicAffected most by Chinese
Pentatonic scale pattern
Non fixed tonal pattern
Types of music: court music, religous music, entertainment, theater, & popular forms
Improvisation in the beginning
Instruments-Dan Nhi
Like a vertical, two string violin
Imitates vocal sounds
Has a large range
0:00-0:15
Instruments-Dan Kim or Dan NguyetTwo stringed guitar
Mid range
Very solemn sound
Pure and loud sound
0:15-0:40
Instruments-Dan Ty Ba4 string guitar
Follows heptatonic scale
Light and cheerful sound
0:14-0:35
Instruments-Dan Tranh or Dan Thap Luc 16 stringed instrument
Usually played by a woman performer
Tuned to a pentatonic scale
Normally played unaccompanied
0:45-1:00
Instruments-Dan Tam or Ta 3 sizes
Bright and cheerful sound
Used most commonly in an 8 piece band
0:10-0:30
Instruments-bamboo fluteCountry side
Four seasons
1:00-1:30
Instruments-Tam Thap Luc36 stringed zither
Bright sounding
0:00-0:20
Instruments-Trong ComUse rice to tune
Sad sounding
0:10-0:30
Instruments-K’NiTone is controlled by mouth
Similar sound to vocalists
0:50-1:15
Instruments-Dan DayLow sound
Accompanies other lutes
0:30-0:45
Instruments-Cong Chieng Many different way to play
Can be played by itself, or with a group
Intended for men to play
0:15-0:35
Instruments-Gong Zither10-18 strings
Played by men
Can replace a small band
0:00-0:25
Instruments-Klong putPlayed by women
“Mother of Rice”
0:10-0:30
Instruments-Dan da (lithophone)11 Stone slabs
May have existed for over 3,000 years
0:15-0:30
Instruments-ty bà lutePear shape
4 strings
Similar to guitar
0:30-0:45
Instruments-song langSmall clapper
Used to keep time
Vietnamese Piece “Prelude in the modal nuance Dao followed by an extract from the piece Ngu Cung Dao”
Performed by:
Nguyễn Vĩnh Bảo on the dan trahn
Trần Văn Khê on the ty ba
Traditional folk song
Primary Instruments Song Lang Ty Bá Dan Tránh
DebussyFrench classical composer
Part of impressionist and romantic era
One of most influential composers of 19th and 20th centuries
LifeRaised in France
Started piano lessons at 7
By age 10, his talent was obvious and he entered the Paris Conservatory
He studied with some of the most influential musicians of the time
Won the 1884 Prix de Rome at 22, where he won a scholarship
Died of colon cancer at 55
StudiesParis conservatory
Académe de Beaux-Arts
InfluencesJean Cerutti
Ernest Guirard
Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray
Émile Durand
Antoine François Marmontel
César Franck
Albert Lavignac
Isidor Philipp
Franz Liszt
Richard Wagner
Prominent WorksAriettes oubliées (1888)
Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune
String Quartet (1893)
Pelléas et Mélisande
Suite bergamasque: "Prélude," "Menuet," "Clair de lune",and "Passepied"
Comparisons-Differences
Vietnamese Music
● Pentatonic● Chinese influence● Dan Trahn mainly
Debussy
● Octatonic & Pentatonic● French influence● Piano
Comparison-Secondary Link
How it starts
Pauses in anticipation
Simple then intricate; ornamentations
Comparison-Primary Link
Melancholy Sound
Forlorn or dreamlike Sound
Use of Pentatonic Scales
Work CitedPictures:
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