the development and execution of functional tests for ... · pdf filedescribe process for...

Ryan StroupeBuilding Performance Program CoordinatorPacific Energy Center

The Development and Execution of Functional Tests for Lighting Controls

Learning Objectives and Intent of Presentation

1. Identify components in a typical functional test including

precautions, documentation, equipment lists and

AIA Quality Assurance

precautions, documentation, equipment lists and acceptance criteria.

2. Describe process for creating a functional tests using the

Functional Test Guide and blank Functional Test template.

3. Discuss specific aspects of lighting functional tests for schedule controls, occupancy sensors and daylight

controls.

4. Identify resources available to support functional testing of lighting systems.

Existing Art on Lighting Functional Tests

California’s Title 24California’s Title 24--s6 Acceptance Testss6 Acceptance Tests

http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/

Advanced Lighting Guidelines: 2003 EditionAdvanced Lighting Guidelines: 2003 Editionhttp://www.algonline.org/http://www.algonline.org/

Functional Testing GuideFunctional Testing Guidewww.peci.org/ftguide/index.htmwww.peci.org/ftguide/index.htmwww.peci.org/ftguide/index.htmwww.peci.org/ftguide/index.htm

Seattle City Light:Seattle City Light:Standard Commissioning Procedure for Daylighting ControlsStandard Commissioning Procedure for Daylighting Controls

http://www.seattle.gov/light/conserve/business/bdgcoma/bca8.pdfhttp://www.seattle.gov/light/conserve/business/bdgcoma/bca8.pdf

Standard Commissioning Procedure for Lighting Sweep ControlsStandard Commissioning Procedure for Lighting Sweep Controls


Standard Commissioning Procedure for Energy Management & Control SystemsStandard Commissioning Procedure for Energy Management & Control Systems


Commissioning Different Control Strategies

Advanced Lighting Guidelines, New Buildings Institute, 2003, pg 8-14

Functional Test Components

Purpose

Acceptance criteria

Instructions

Precautions

Roles and responsibilitiesRoles and responsibilities

Preparation

Equipment required

Procedure

Return to normal

Test sign off

Standard Commissioning Procedure for Lighting Sweep Controls, Seattle City Light, 1999

Using the Functional Test Guide Template

www.peci.org/ftguide/index.htm

Types of Lighting Controls

Manual Controls

• On/off

• Dimming

Timers

Schedule (Sweeps)*Schedule (Sweeps)*

Occupancy Sensors*

Photo Controls (Daylighting)*

• On/off

• Stepped

• Dimming

* Functionally testing this type of control is discussed here

Scheduled Control (Sweep) Functional Test

Purpose

to ensure that lights are automatically turned off at a

predetermined time.

to ensure that individual lighting circuits (zones) can be manually

enabled (over-ridden), if necessary, during scheduled OFF

periods.periods.

A zone is a group of light fixtures that are controlled by a single schedule.

California Title 24, Section 6, 2008 Nonresidential Compliance Manual, Acceptance Tests, California Energy Commission

Relay broken Relay fixed

Relays and Control Zones

R.A. Rundquist, T.G. McDougall, J. Benya. Lighting Controls: Patterns for Design. Electric Power Research Institute, 1996. Pg. 22.

Relays receive a low

voltage control signal to

connect or cut a line

voltage circuit.


Acceptance CriteriaAutomatic time switch controls are programmed with acceptable weekday,

weekend, and holiday schedules, per building occupancy profile.1

The correct date and time are properly set in the lighting controller.1

Have program backup capabilities that prevent the loss of the device’s schedules for at least 7 days, and the device’s time and date setting for at least 72 hours if power is interrupted.1

All lights can be turned ON manually or turn ON automatically during the occupied time schedule.1occupied time schedule.1

All lights turn OFF at the preprogrammed, scheduled times.1

The manual override switch is functional and turns associated lights ON when activated.1

Override time limit is no more than 2 hours, except for exempt spaces.1

Override switch is located within area of controlled zone.2

Enunciator warning the occupants that the lights are about to turn OFF functions correctly.1

Schedule and override are reasonable for zone occupancy pattern.2

1.California Title 24, Section 6, 2008 Nonresidential Compliance Manual, Acceptance Tests, California Energy Commission

2. Standard Commissioning Procedure for Lighting Sweep Controls, Seattle City Light, 1999


Precautions/InstructionsThe manual override time limit can be adjusted to minimize test time, but the

time limit setting must be reset upon completion of the test (not to exceed 2 hours).1

It is preferable to perform the test when the spaces are unoccupied. Turning the lights OFF when other occupants are present can cause problems and unsafe working conditions.1

If the complexity, configuration, or other aspects of a specific project require substitute tests or additional tests, explain on the comments sheets, and substitute tests or additional tests, explain on the comments sheets, and attach the additional test procedures and field data.2

This commissioning procedure does not address fire and life safety or basic equipment safety controls.2

In all test sections, circle or otherwise highlight any responses that indicate deficiencies.2




PrerequisitesAll luminaires and override switches controlled by the time switch control

system must be wired and powered.1

Lighting control system must be installed and ready for system operation, including completion of all start-up procedures, per manufacturer’s recommendations.1

Preferably, the space is unoccupied during the test to prevent conflicts with other trades.1with other trades.1

Document the initial conditions before overrides or manipulation of the BAS. All systems must be returned to normal at the end of the test.1

To ensure that this commissioning procedure will not damage any equipment or affect any equipment warranties, have the equipment manufacturer’s representative review any interventive test procedures prior to execution.2




Roles and Responsibilities

Control specialist

Field technician

Equipment Required

Written functional test (and clipboard)

Time piece (watch)

Computer or other interface with lighting control system

Drawings of reflected floor plans

Jumper (for relay testing)

Radios

Circuit tracer


Procedure Step 1: Simulate occupied condition.

Set ON time schedule to include actual time or adjust time to be within the ON time schedule (whichever is easier).

Verify and Document all lights can be enabled. Some systems may turn the lights on automatically at the scheduled time, but others may require that lights be turned on manually using their respective area control switch.

Verify and Document the local lighting circuit switch only operates lights in the area in which the switch is located. This is particularly important in enclosed spaces to ensure only lights within the enclosed space are controlled. However, switches to ensure only lights within the enclosed space are controlled. However, switches serving open spaces should also control only lights in the designated zone.

Temporarily schedule is set for test period

Lights turn on 3:45 pm

Lights turn off 3:47 pm



Procedure Step 2: Simulate unoccupied conditionSet the OFF time schedule to include the actual time, or adjust the time to be within

the OFF time schedule (whichever is easier).

Verify and Document all non-exempt lights turn off. Most systems warn occupants that the lights are about to turn off by sending a pulse through the lighting circuits to “flicker” the lights or provide another form of visual or audible annunciation.

• Verify and Document manual override switch is functional. Enabling the manual override switch allows only the lights in the selected space where the switch is located to turn ON. This is particularly important in enclosed spaces to ensure only lights within the enclosed space are controlled, however, switches ensure only lights within the enclosed space are controlled, however, switches serving open spaces should also control only lights in the designated zone. The lights should remain ON throughout the override time period (refer to §131(d)2D for maximum override times) and the system indicates that the lights are about to be turned off again.

• Verify and Document all non-exempt lights turn off when the next OFF signal is supplied to the lighting control circuits or the override time has expired. In order to reduce testing time associated with the complete OFF-Manual override-OFF sequence, it is recommended that the override time be shortened so that the entire sequence can be witnessed within a reasonable amount of time.

• Verify and Document the device has program backup capabilities that prevent the loss of schedules for at least 7 days, and the loss of time and date setting for at least 72 hours if power is interrupted.



Procedure Step 3: Documentation

Make sure all pass/fail criteria are initialed.

Make sure functional test is signed and dated.

Add notes to or modify systems manual to reflect scheduling changes.

Procedure Step 4: Return system back to normal operating condition.

Ensure all schedules, setpoints, operating conditions, and control parameters are

placed back at their initial conditions. Ensure the override time period is no

more than 2 hours.more than 2 hours.

It is also good practice to leave a schedule in the timeclock itself for easy reference

and to leave a blank schedule form so that the users can document any schedule

changes.Old scheduleOld schedule Revised scheduleRevised schedule 1. Lights do not turn on

automatically at 8:00 am anymore

2. Lights turn off at 11 pm/4 pm for all conditions including weekends (used to stay on until swept off on Mondays)



Old scheduleOld schedule Revised scheduleRevised schedule

1. Lights do not turn on automatically at 8:00 am anymore

2. Lights turn off at 11 pm/4 pm for all conditions including weekends

(used to stay on until swept off on Mondays)


Using Trends or Dataloggers to Cx Schedules

Appropriate datalogger types

Light status

Variable light levels

Amperage

Power

Power data for multiple lighting circuits

Trend/EMS capabilities

Bad Relay report

Programmed schedules

Operation of lighting circuits

List of circuits with performance data

Occupancy Sensor Functional Test

Purpose• to ensure that an occupancy sensor is located, adjusted, and wired

properly to achieve the desired lighting control.

• to ensure that occupancy sensors are used to automatically turn lights onand keeps them on when a space is occupied, and turn them off automatically when the space is unoccupied after a reasonable time delay.

• to ensure the time delay, that will prevent lights from short cycling ON and


• to ensure the time delay, that will prevent lights from short cycling ON and OFF as spaces are occupied and unoccupied frequently is of the desired duration.

• to identify type and appropriateness of occupancy sensor technology. There are three basic technologies utilized in most occupancy sensors: 1) infrared; 2) ultrasonic; and 3) a combination of infrared and passive sonic detection.

1.

2.

3.

Occupancy Sensor Types

R.A. Rundquist, T.G. McDougall, J. Benya. Lighting Controls: Patterns for Design.

Electric Power Research Institute, 1996. Pg. 7.


Acceptance CriteriaStandard occupancy sensor responds to “typical” occupant movement to turn

the lights ON immediately.

Manual ON occupancy sensor requires occupant to switch lighting on.

Multi-level occupant sensors meet uniformity requirements; the first stage activates between 30-70 percent of the lighting power; after that event the occupant has the ability to manually activate the alternate set of lights, activate 100 percent of the lighting, deactivate all of the lights.

Occupancy does not respond to occupant movement outside the controlled lighting zone.lighting zone.

Occupancy sensor does not trigger on other false ON or OFF.

Ultrasonic occupancy sensors do not emit audible sound.

Lights controlled by the occupancy sensor turn OFF when the preset time delay is met.

The maximum time delay is not greater than 30 minutes.

Status indicator or annunciator (typically a small LED) operates correctly.



Precautions/InstructionsIt is imperative that the test be performed during a time when the tester can have full

control over the occupancy of the space.

The time delay can be adjusted to minimize test time, but the time delay setting must be reset upon completion of the test (not to exceed 30 minutes).

Plan sensor location to avoid detection of significant air movement from an HVAC diffuser or other source, which can cause the sensor to turn the lights ON (this is most critical with ultrasonic sensors).

Avoid detection of motion in adjacent areas and unwanted triggers by adjusting coverage pattern intensity or masking the sensor with an opaque material.coverage pattern intensity or masking the sensor with an opaque material.

Educating the owner about furniture and partition placement in the spaces can avoid future problems with infrared sensor performance (which rely on “line-of-sight” coverage).

If the complexity, configuration, or other aspects of a specific project require substitute tests or additional tests, explain on the comments sheets, and attach the additional test procedures and field data.

This commissioning procedure does not address fire and life safety or basic equipment safety controls.

In all test sections, circle or otherwise highlight any responses that indicate deficiencies.



PrerequisitesOccupancy sensors are installed properly, and located in

places that avoid obstructions and minimize false signals.

All luminaires are wired and powered.

During the test, the space remains unoccupied.

Document the initial conditions before overrides or Document the initial conditions before overrides or manipulation of the BAS. All systems must be returned to normal at the end of the test.


Form for indicating set-point adjustment

for sensitivity and time delay


Roles and ResponsibilitiesControl specialist

Field technician

Equipment RequiredTime piece (watch)Time piece (watch)

Small screw driver

Radios

Ladder

Interface with lighting control system

Tape (to mask off sensor viewing angles)

Circuit tracer


Procedure Step 1: Simulate an unoccupied condition.

Ensure the space being tested remains unoccupied during the test and wait for the lights to turn off (sensor delay time can be adjusted to shorten test time).

Verify and Document lights controlled by the occupancy sensor turn off when the time delay is met. If the time delay was not adjusted prior to the test, ensure the maximum delay was not greater than 30 minutes. If the time delay was adjusted to minimize test time, ensure the sensor time delay setting does not exceed 30 minutes.

Verify and Document occupancy sensor does not trigger a false ON. Ensure that Verify and Document occupancy sensor does not trigger a false ON. Ensure that any movement outside the desired control zone does not activate the lights. Examples include:

o Walking past an open door of an enclosed office - 1

o Walking in an adjacent zone close to the control zone - 2

o Movement other than occupants (i.e. air flow from HVAC system or furnishing movement due to external forces) - 3


1.2.

3.


Procedure Step 2: Simulate an occupied condition.Enter the test space.

Verify and Document that the lights in the control zone turn on immediately. Note that some applications may use an occupancy sensor in conjunction with an automatic control switch, which allows the occupant to manually turn ON/OFF the lights or allow them to automatically turn off when the space is unoccupied (automatic OFF and manual ON control strategy). In this case, activation of the control switch should enable the lights and they should stay illuminated while the space is occupied.

Verify and Document signal sensitivity is adequate to achieve the desired control. Ensure occupancy sensor responds to “typical” occupant movement to trigger lights back on. This may require remaining in the space throughout the time delay period to ensure the occupancy sensor continues to recognize the space is occupied. “Typical” movement pertains occupancy sensor continues to recognize the space is occupied. “Typical” movement pertains to the activities one may expect for the space being served, for example: light desk work; casual walking; athletic movement (i.e. fitness rooms); sitting at rest (i.e. lunch/break room).

Verify and Document that the status indicator or annunciator operates correctly. Most occupancy sensors have an LED that will illuminate (typically flash) when motion is detected, where others may emit an audible sound.

Additionally, if the occupant sensor is a multi-level occupant sensor • Verify and Document that the first stage activates between 30-70 percent of the lights either manually

or automatically. This may be accomplished with a switching or dimming lighting system.• Verify and Document that a reasonably uniform level of illuminance is achieved by dimming of all

lamps or luminaires; or by switching alternate lamps in luminaires, alternate luminaires, or alternate rows of luminaires.

• Verify and Document that after the first stage occurs, manual switches have been provided to activate the alternate set of lights, activate 100 percent of the lighting power, and deactivate all of the lights.








Ensure all schedules, setpoints, operating conditions, and control parameters

(especially time delays) are placed back at their initial conditions.


Using Trends or Dataloggers to Cx Occ. Sensors

Appropriate datalogger types

Light status

Variable light levels

Amperage

Power

Occupancy5

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Trend/EMS capabilities

Programmed schedules

Operation of lighting circuits

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Automatic Daylight Controls Functional Test

PurposeThe purpose of this test is to ensure that automatic daylighting controls are installed and functioning properly.

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Continuous dimming example

Daylight hours are in yellow



Acceptance Criteria pt. 1Lighting is correctly circuited so that general lighting fixtures in the daylit area are on the

automatic daylighting control controlled circuit and lighting outside of the daylit area is not on the controlled circuit.1

Photosensor has been located properly to minimize unauthorized tampering.1

The photosensor is physically separated from where calibration adjustments are made, or is capable of being calibrated in a manner that the person initiating calibration is remote from the sensor during calibration to avoid influencing calibration accuracy. 1

Photosensor is protected from direct sunlight.2Photosensor is protected from direct sunlight.

Sensor located and oriented appropriate to the control type (open or closed loop) and location of daylit area.1

Under conditions where no daylight is sensed by the control, the control system increases the light output of each fixture to the design (typically full output) light output.1

The controlled fixtures reduce lighting power to no greater than 35 percent of full-load power under fully dimmed and/or stepped conditions.1

For the continuous and stepped dimming control systems, the lamps do not “flicker” at reduced light output.1

With continuous dimming systems, the fade rate of the lights is longer than 5 seconds.


2. Standard Commissioning Procedure for Daylighting Controls, Seattle City Light, 1999

Closed vs. Open Daylight ControlsClosed vs. Open Daylight Controls

R.A. Rundquist, T.G. McDougall, J. Benya. Lighting Controls: Patterns for Design.

Electric Power Research Institute, 1996. Pg. 19.


Acceptance Criteria pt. 2For the stepped control systems, there is at least one intermediate step between full light

output and minimum light output that reduces lighting power to between 70 and 50 percent of full-load power. Stepped dimming and stepped switching control systems have a minimum time delay of 3 minutes or greater before a decrease in electric lighting.

For the stepped dimming and stepped switching control systems, the deadband between steps is sufficiently large to prevent cycling between steps for the same daylight illuminance. (Cycling of lights can also be minimized with a time delay.)

For continuous dimming systems; Under partial daylight conditions, the combined daylight and electric lighting illuminance from continuously dimmable fixtures at the Reference and electric lighting illuminance from continuously dimmable fixtures at the Reference Location is no less than the Reference Illuminance and no greater than 150 percent of the Reference Illuminance.

When stepped lighting controls dim or turn off a step, the combined daylight and electric lighting illuminance from stepped dimming or stepped switching fixtures at the Reference Location is no less than the Reference Illuminance and no greater than 150 percent of the Reference Illuminance.


Stepped Dimming Example

Reference Location and Reference Illuminance

Reference Location• is defined which is served by the controlled lights and receives the least

amount of daylight. Usually this is a location that is furthest away from the windows or skylights but is still served by the controlled lighting.

Reference Illuminance • is defined at the Reference Location – this is the illuminance from electric

lighting when no daylight is available.

• can be measured at night or with black-out shades pulled.• can be measured at night or with black-out shades pulled.

Daylit areaDaylit areaDaylit areaDaylit area

Side-lightingTop-lighting


Precautions/InstructionsAttach sketch (or marked-up floor plan) showing location of illuminance test points.2

For the stepped dimming and switching control systems, it is acceptable to shorten the time delay while performing the tests, but the time delay must be returned to normal operating conditions when the test is complete (at least 3 minutes).1

If there are more than 8 lighting zones in the building, you may select a sample for the following performance tests. The sample should include at least 10% of the total number of zones, or 8 zones, whichever is greater. Zones should be selected from different areas of each floor, and from different floors. Also, if banks of luminaires in spaces are controlled by separate sensors/controllers, include at least one space with two such zones, and test both zones. List all controlled zones in the test least one space with two such zones, and test both zones. List all controlled zones in the test documentation and identify the specific subset of zones that will be tested.2

If there is failure in any of the following tests for more than 20% of the sampled zones then the entire daylighting control installation shall be considered to be not in conformance. 2

If the complexity, configuration, or other aspects of a specific project require substitute tests or additional tests, explain on the comments sheets, and attach the additional test procedures and field data.2

Attach to the test a description of the control sequence.2

This Commissioning Procedure does not address fire and life safety or basic equipment safety controls.2

In all test sections, circle or otherwise highlight any responses that indicate deficiencies.2




PrerequisitesAll luminaires in the daylit area must be wired and powered. Controls installed according to

manufacturer’s instructions. Check fixture circuiting while access to wiring is relatively easy (i.e. while lift is available or before obstructions are installed).1

Simulating bright conditions with electric sources and achieving proper luminance to perform the test can be difficult. Therefore, it is recommended that the test be performed under natural bright light conditions.1

There should be no direct sun shining on the work plane at the time of testing.2There should be no direct sun shining on the work plane at the time of testing.2

Document the initial conditions before testing. All systems must be returned to normal at the end of the test.1

Make sure finishes and furniture are in place for functional testing and sensor calibration.2

Make sure windows and skylights are clean.2

Make sure lamps have had 100 hours of burn-in before testing controls.2




Roles and ResponsibilitiesControl specialistField technician

Equipment RequiredLight meter (illuminance or foot-candle meter)Hand-held amperage meter or power meterLogging light meter or power meterLogging light meter or power meterManufacturer’s light versus power curve for continuous

dimming and step dimming BallastsInterface with lighting control systemFlashlight or other light sourceOpaque tape to cover photo-sensorSmall screw driverTime piece (watch)RadiosLadderCircuit tracer


Procedure Step 1: Identify reference locationThe Reference Location is the location in zone served by the controlled

lighting that is receiving the least amount of daylight.The Reference Location will be used for light level (illuminance in foot-

candles) measurements in subsequent tests. The Reference Location is used in testing the daylighting controls so that it can be assured that all occupants in the zone served by the controlled lighting always have sufficient light.

The Reference Location can be identified using either the illuminance The Reference Location can be identified using either the illuminance method or the distance method.• Illuminance method

○ Turn OFF controlled lighting and measure daylight illuminances within zone illuminated by controlled luminaires. Note that zone illuminated by controlled luminaires is not necessarily the same as the daylit area.

○ Identify the Reference Location; this is the location with lowest daylight illuminance in the zone illuminated by controlled luminaires.

• Distance method○ Identify the Reference Location; this is the location within the zone illuminated by

controlled luminaires that is furthest away from daylight sources.


Procedure Step 2: No Daylight TestThe purpose of the no daylight test is to provide a baseline light level, the

Reference Illuminance, against which the test professional will be comparing the performance of the system during daylit conditions. This test is also verifying that the control is providing adequate light at night.

When conducting this test, the other lights in the space should be turned off. Simulate or provide conditions without daylight. This condition can be provided by any of the applicable methods:• Conducting this part of the test at night, or• Conducting this part of the test at night, or

• Leave a logging light meter at the Reference Location(s) overnight. The logger should be collecting data on an interval no longer than 1 minute per reading, taking reading on even shorter intervals is recommended, or

• Closing blinds or covering fenestration so that very little daylight enters the zone you are testing (Very little daylight is less than 1 fc for warehouses and less than 5 fc for all other occupancies), or

• For open loop systems only, one may cover the photosensor to simulate no daylight conditions. Covering the sensor is not allowed for closed loop controls as we want to assure that the control will work correctly at night as well during the day. We will want to assure that the light output is above 70 percent of the rated light output or within 20 percent of the design illuminance.


Procedure Step 3: Full daylight testSimulate or provide bright conditions so that the illuminance (fc) from daylight

only at the Reference Location identified in Step 1 is greater than 150 percent of the Reference Illuminance (fc) measured at this location during the no daylight test documented in Step 2. o Simulating a bright condition can be accomplished by opening all shading

devices to allow natural daylight into the space

o If natural conditions are not adequate at the time of the test, shine a bright flashlight or other light source onto the photosensor.

o Temporarily change the setpoint to a very low value for the duration of this test. o Temporarily change the setpoint to a very low value for the duration of this test. Then return the setpoint to its normal setting.


Procedure Step 4: Partial daylight test.Simulate or provide bright conditions where illuminance (fc) from daylight

only at the Reference Location is between 60 and 95 percent of Reference Illuminance (fc) documented in Step 2. These partial daylight illuminance conditions can be achieved by:o Scheduling the test so that daylight conditions are within this fairly broad range

of illuminances.

o Adjusting blinds and louvers

Verify and document measured combined illuminance of daylight and controlled electric lighting (fc) at the Reference Location

Verify and document measured combined illuminance of daylight and controlled electric lighting (fc) at the Reference Location

Verify and document this measured illuminance is no less than the Reference Illuminance documented in Step 2, and

Verify and document this measured illuminance is no greater than 150 percent of the Reference Illuminance (fc) documented in Step 2







Ensure all schedules, setpoints, operating conditions, and control parameters

(especially time delays) are placed back at their initial conditions.

With daylight controls, special care must be taken to insure that system is in auto(not manual) mode.

Using Trends or Dataloggers to Cx Daylight ControlsUsing Trends or Dataloggers to Cx Daylight Controls

Appropriate datalogger types • Variable light levels at work-plane

• Variable light levels at sensor

• Variable light levels outside building

• Light status if stepped controls

• Amperage

Light exterior, light interior and power data

• Power

Trend/EMS capabilities• Programmed schedules

• Operation of lighting circuits

Design illuminance (corresponds to 25 FC)

Photo sensor data for exterior lighting controls

150% of reference illuminance (38 FC)

Universal TranslatorUniversal Translator (UT) Software(UT) Software

Manages data from multiple sources• Dataloggers• Trend data from energy management systems• Utility billing data• Climate data

Visualization capabilitiesProcessed data can be exported

Includes building diagnostic toolsIncludes building diagnostic toolsThree-year PIER-funded effort began in 2011Get UT at www.utonline.org

Schedule Control Functional Test Example

Performance issues• Schedules are not programmed

correctly

• Holidays are not included as “off” hours

• Relay failures

• Circuits are not connected to relays

• Control system clock is inaccurate Basement circuit runs 24/7

• Control system clock is inaccurate

• Lighting controls are not attributed to correct areas

Failed relay report

Basement circuit runs 24/7

Basement circuit after Cx

Occupancy Control Functional Test Example

Performance issues• Data indicates lights do not

shut down when garage is unoccupied.

• Sensors adjusted for sensitivity so lights come on as people enter the space


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Post commissioning light data


Occupancy is intermittent

Intensity (L/sf)

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Daylight Control Functional Test Example

Verification• Light levels in space are

maintained between 46 & 35fc during scheduled hours; 46fc is < 150% of reference illuminance.

• Layering of daylight controls and schedule controls is effective.

• Lights do not flicker when dimmed.

Dimmable lighting circuit

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skylight increases.• Lights do not flicker when dimmed.

• Daylight sensor located in tamper-free location.

Performance issues• Under full daylight illuminance

conditions, lights do not dim to 35% of full power (140 watts).

Space maintains 35 fc at

reference location

skylight increases.

Dimming lighting circuit 2

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Functional Testing Lessons Learned

Remember to perform prerequisites for safety – notify occupants and identify egress plans.

Controls programmer must “send” control program to memory in panels for lights to respond.

There is a learning curve for any new control system/software; plan on spending some time learning the system interface.

Document existing control set-points so no changes are missed as system is “returned to normal”.

Control systems may provide diagnostics for failures, but these can not be counted on 100%.

Align operation of lighting controls with current usage patterns of building.

Document functional test results and control changes in systems manual.

Regularly check lighting control operation and failed relay reports to identify emerging lighting Regularly check lighting control operation and failed relay reports to identify emerging lighting control issues.

Daylight test works best on sunny days in a space with operable, black-out shades.

Make sure to label failed relays as “bad”.

Keep spare relays on hand.

Lighting References and ResourcesLighting References and Resources

Advanced Lighting Guidelines: 2003 Edition Advanced Lighting Guidelines: 2003 Edition http://www.algonline.org/http://www.algonline.org/

Lighting Fundamentals HandbookLighting Fundamentals HandbookFree through EPRI Free through EPRI http://my.epri.com/http://my.epri.com/

EPRI Guide on Lighting ControlsEPRI Guide on Lighting Controlshttp://www.lightingassociates.org/i/u/2127806/f/tech_sheets/Lighting_Controls_Patterns_for_Design.pdfhttp://www.lightingassociates.org/i/u/2127806/f/tech_sheets/Lighting_Controls_Patterns_for_Design.pdf

Occupancy Sensor Design and Application GuideOccupancy Sensor Design and Application GuideOccupancy Sensor Design and Application GuideOccupancy Sensor Design and Application Guidehttp://www.wattstopper.com/getdoc/419/OSappsNewDesignFinal.pdfhttp://www.wattstopper.com/getdoc/419/OSappsNewDesignFinal.pdf

Daylighting guidelinesDaylighting guidelines── http://windows.lbl.gov/pub/designguide/default.htmlhttp://windows.lbl.gov/pub/designguide/default.html

── http://www.energydesignresources.com/technology/daylightinghttp://www.energydesignresources.com/technology/daylighting--design.aspxdesign.aspx

SkyCalc (Skylight Calculator)SkyCalc (Skylight Calculator)http://www.energydesignresources.com/Resources/SoftwareTools/SkyCalc.aspxhttp://www.energydesignresources.com/Resources/SoftwareTools/SkyCalc.aspx

Lighting References and Resources Cont.Lighting References and Resources Cont.

Functional Testing GuideFunctional Testing Guidewww.peci.org/ftguide/index.htmwww.peci.org/ftguide/index.htm

California’s Title 24California’s Title 24--Section 6 Acceptance TestsSection 6 Acceptance Testshttp://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/

Table of Standard Fixture WattagesTable of Standard Fixture Wattages•• http://www.nationalgridus.com/non_html/shared_energyeff_super_t8.pdfhttp://www.nationalgridus.com/non_html/shared_energyeff_super_t8.pdf

•• http://www.oncor.com/pdf/programs/objectives/smci_lighting_tab.pdfhttp://www.oncor.com/pdf/programs/objectives/smci_lighting_tab.pdf

•• http://www.masssave.com/~/media/Files/Professional/Applicationshttp://www.masssave.com/~/media/Files/Professional/Applications--andand--RebateRebate--•• http://www.masssave.com/~/media/Files/Professional/Applicationshttp://www.masssave.com/~/media/Files/Professional/Applications--andand--RebateRebate--Forms/2011_Retrofit_MA_Lighting_Device_Codes_03Forms/2011_Retrofit_MA_Lighting_Device_Codes_03--0202--2011.ashx2011.ashx

Universal Translator SoftwareUniversal Translator Softwarewww.utonline.orgwww.utonline.org

Pacific Energy Center’s Tool Lending LibraryPacific Energy Center’s Tool Lending Librarywww.pge.com/pec/tllwww.pge.com/pec/tll

PG&E Lighting IncentivesPG&E Lighting Incentiveshttp://www.pge.com/includes/docs/pdfs/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/incentivesbyindustry/lighting_chttp://www.pge.com/includes/docs/pdfs/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/incentivesbyindustry/lighting_c

atalog_final.pdfatalog_final.pdf

AIA Quality Assurance

Portland Energy Conservation, Inc is a registered provider with The

American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit

earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records

for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are

available on request.available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing

professional education. As such, it does not include content that may

be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA

of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling,

using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions

related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed

at the conclusion of this presentation.

Thanks for your attention!

Ryan Stroupe

Building Performance Program Coordinator

Pacific Energy Center

851 Howard Street

San Francisco, CA 94103

415.973.7257

[email protected]

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