the dragon in the cockpit: a chinese view about the ...the dragon in the cockpit, slide 1 the dragon...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1
The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences
between China and the West in aviation
International Air Safety Summit
November 3, 2015
Hung-Sying Jing & Allen Batteau
National Cheng Kung University, R. O. China
Wayne State University, U. S. A.
![Page 2: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Contents
• Overview of the basic argument – linear and
non-linear thinking
• Origin of the differences – Chinese writing +
fundamental beliefs
• Operation of the differences – effects on
technological development
• Differences in aviation – effects on CRM
• Differences in the future
![Page 3: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 3
The basic questions
How different are the two cultures in aviation?
How to comprehend the difference?
![Page 4: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 4
oracle scripts
origin of the
Chinese
characters
How do they
convey
information?
![Page 5: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 5
meaning
Western phonetic writing
meaning carried
mostly by sound
sound form
meaning
sound form
Chinese ideographic writing
meaning carried
mostly by form
![Page 6: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Alphabet Effect
• 2004 book by Robert K. Logan
• Contrasted thought patterns of societies with alphabetic/phonetic scripts with pictographic writing
• Alphabetic: abstract, Pictographic: concrete
• Implications for scientific development
• Technology: concrete objects, instruments
• Science: abstract laws, theorems
• The merger of science and technology in the 20th century
![Page 7: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 7
How do we make sense of the world?
In the West, What is it?
looking for essence through disassembly
by using dialog
In China, 這是甚麼東西?
(What is this east-west?)
looking for feature through analogy
by using vision
and the difference is everywhere!
![Page 8: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 8
• Since we have to make sense of everything,
thinking is a cycle of information processing
• In the West, through dialogue
– Sequential
– Parallel
– One-dimensional information processing
• In China, through vision
– Networking
– Ideographic
– Two-dimensional information processing
Information processing of thinking pattern
![Page 9: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 9
、differences in aviation
![Page 10: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 10
linear thinking ideographic thinking
thinking along a line thinking around a circle
![Page 11: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 11
Fundamental difference in aviation
![Page 12: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 12
What makes the difference?
![Page 13: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 13
Western theories, linearized artifacts……
Sequence
![Page 14: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 14
![Page 15: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 15
![Page 16: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 16
Hofstede’s 4-dimensional Value System
• Power distance
• Individualism
• Uncertainty avoidance
• Masculinity
These are linear values?
![Page 17: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 17
Strongest differences between pilots of different
countries (by Helmreich and Merritt)
1. command roles and interactions;
2. attitude toward orders, rules and routines;
3. preference for and reliance on automation.
![Page 18: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 18
And the correlations between them are…..
Hence, the strongest differences in values
between pilots of different countries are
power distance and individualism.
![Page 19: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 19
In the West, power is a distance……
![Page 20: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 20
“Power distance” in China?
Is power a distance in China?
![Page 21: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 21
The throne of emperor surrounded by countless dragons
![Page 22: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 22
dragon:symbol of imperial power
(emperor-father)
symbol of Chinese authoritarianism
evolved from six real animals
(proto-dragon)
crocodile, tiger, snake
fish, pig
hynobius
![Page 23: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 23
Combined in Shang Dynasty….
![Page 24: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 24
Results of a Survey of Flight Crews
– Conducted by NCKU, 2000
– Human Factors and Flight Safety
Study of Crew Resource Management and
Corporate Safety Culture
– Cooperation of all Taiwanese airlines
– Sponsored by Aviation Safety Council
– Technical Assistance from Wayne State
University
![Page 25: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 25
![Page 26: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 26
![Page 27: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 27
![Page 28: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 28
Features of Chinese Authoritarianism
• Frightening inscrutable power
– Obedience
– Respect
– Fear of punishment
• Benevolent auspicious expectation
– Kindness
– Taking care
– Superb superiority
˙ Family clan
![Page 29: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 29
![Page 30: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 30
Acquaintance
Interpersonal relations in China are many
flexible circles changing with situations
Solar system
![Page 31: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Guanxi
• A central concept in Chinese culture
• Can mean relation and connection … but much
more!
• Emphasizes relationships – contrast to
individualism
• Guanxi gradient – the slope of guanxi effects
from interpersonal distance
– Reference: Jing and Chang, “Guanxi Gradient and
Flight Safety,” Human Factors and Aerospace Safety
v 6, #1, 2006
![Page 32: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 32
Guanxi gradient:a continuous spectrum
![Page 33: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 33
incompatibility
![Page 34: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 34
![Page 35: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 35
、differences in the future
![Page 36: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 36
results of adaptation
![Page 37: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 37
2000:-0.184
2008:-0.165
estimated:0.003/yr
actual:0.002+/yr
![Page 38: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 38
The problem is that it is much more faster for
the last thirty years…..
The Chinese COMAC C-919……
![Page 39: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 39
The Chinese space program…..
![Page 40: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 40
![Page 41: The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the ...The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 1 The Dragon in the Cockpit: A Chinese view about the differences between China and the West](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052616/609d02d6e63e92680f68a821/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
The Dragon in the Cockpit, slide 41
Einstein:Peace cannot be kept by force,
it can only be achieved by
understanding.
Mutual understanding → harmonious sky