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SCIENCE YEAR 5

TERM 3 - CONTENTS

UNIT 5 - THE ECONOMY

Work means to perform a productive activity which people do,

usually for a salary.

In relation to work, we can classify a population into two groups:

►The active population is made up of the people who work and

receive a salary, and the people who are unemployed (without a job)

and looking for work.

►The inactive population is made up of the people who can’t work,

such as children and the elderly.

GLOSSARY To perform: realizar

Productive activity: actividad productiva

Salary: salario, sueldo.

Active population: población activa (población en edad de

trabajar)

Unemployment: paro

Unemployed people: parados

To receive: recibir

To look for: buscar

Population: población

Elderly people: gente mayor, tercera edad

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Economic sectors (sectores económicos)

The jobs of the active population are classify into economic sectors.

People can be working in

the primary sector,

the secondary sector

the tertiary (service) sector.

Business Sectors http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8KDxAWfMwf4 (00:01:41)

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Primary sector

It is made up of the jobs that obtain raw materials (resources

from nature: recursos de la naturaleza).

The main activities are: agriculture (agricultura), livestock

farming (ganadería), fishing (pesca), forestry (bosques y montes)

and mining (minas).

Primary activities are carried out (llevadas a cabo) in rural, marine

and forest areas, which are usually far from the cities.

Only 4% of the active population of Spain work in the primary

sector.

GLOSSARY

Raw materials: materiales puros, sin manufacturar.

Population working in the primary sector in Spain

4%

22%

74%

Primary sector

Secondary sector

Service sector

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NOTES FRIDAY 21st

MARCH

Agriculture: is the growing of crops, usually on the plains. The

principal crops are: wheat, olives, grapes, potatoes, fruit and

vegetables.

Livestock farming: is raising animals for food or to sell. Some of

these animals might be: cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, chickens,

rabbits…

Fishing: includes any activity concerned with trying to catch fish,

usually in the wild, and it is very important on the coast of Spain.

Other activities are forestry and mining.

NOTES WEDNESDAY 26st

MARCH

1.1. Secondary sector

It is made up of the jobs that transform raw materials into other

products (manufactured goods). Construction and industry are

the main activities in this sector.

Population working in the secondary sector in Spain

4%

22%

74%

Primary sector

Secondary sector

Service sector

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Construction: is making a building or the fabrication of

infrastructure. The construction industry is very important, but

jobs in this sector have decreased dramatically in Spain.

Industry: there are many different kinds of industries: metallurgy,

chemical, food, telecommunications, textile, automobile…

Industries are usually located in cities and nearby areas. Jobs in

industry have decreased in Spain too.

1.2. Tertiary sector or Service sector

It includes the jobs that provide services to others. There are

many activities in this sector, such as education, transport, health

care, tourism, trade, administration, communications, finance… In

Spain, this sector employs the most people.

Trade: is the buying and selling of products; an exchange of

things. This can be one good for another good, one good for

money, money for a service, etc.

Tourism: is one of the most important service activities in Spain

and it generates an economic impact, such as the employment

creation. Spain has become a popular destination for the world's

international tourists.

Population working in the service sector in Spain

4%

22%

74%

Primary sector

Secondary sector

Service sector

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Transport: it is very important for trade and tourism. Transport

plays an important part in the economic growth of the country.

But most of the transport cause huge amount of pollution. We

can classify it into three groups: land transport (railways, roads

and motorways), sea transport (ports) and air transport

(airports).

The Spanish economy

4%

22%

74%

Primary sector

Secondary sector

Service sector