the eighteenth annual newfoundland electrical and computer engineering conference
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Feasibility Study of Pumped Hydro Energy Storage
for Ramea Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power System
Sheikh Mominul Islam, EIT, M.Eng.
Email: [email protected]
Newfoundland Electrical and Computer Engineering Conference
November 4th, 2010 St. John’s, Newfoundland
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Outline
Introduction
Motivation
Sizing
Dynamic simulation
Conclusion
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Introduction:
Isolated southern island of Newfoundland which was first incorporated to the province in
1951.
It has population of 674.
Nearest community is Burgeo which is about 20kM away by ferry service.
Average fuel consumption is 18,000L/week in summer and 22,000L/week in winter.
Electricity selling price is 0.1495/unit.
Over view of Ramea
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Introduction:
Over view of Ramea Electrical system
2775kW diesel plant, Six 65kW wind
turbines and three 100kW newly
installed wind turbines
The average load is 550kW
312.5kW fuel cell system under
construction
200kW load for dumping excess
energy produced by the system
30kVAR fixed capacitor bank for
each 65kW wind turbine for
supplying reactive power demand.
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Motivations:
Analysis of existing Ramea wind-diesel-hydrogen system:
HOMER is used for analyzing the existing wind-diesel-hydrogen system.
Average wind speed is 6.08m/s at 10m
height
Maximum wind speed during winter is
21.6m/s
Daily load profile varies from
350kW to 610kW
Maximum load goes to
1100kW during winter
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Motivations
Analysis of existing Ramea wind-diesel-hydrogen system:
Excess electricity from the wind turbines is converted to hydrogen
using an electrolyser.
Hydrogen is compressed and stored in three large tanks.
Stored hydrogen is used to generate electricity when needed
Expected renewable
fraction is 37% with the
contribution of 1% from
Hydrogen system
Cost of Energy is
0.248$/kWhr
Hydrogen generator will
run 702hrs/yr
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Sizing
Analysis of proposed Ramea wind-diesel-pumped hydro system:
Overall efficiency of the battery was reduced to 70% to represent a pumped hydro
energy storage system.
A 250kW converter is considered between AC and DC bus
Renewable energy fraction is considered 37%
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Sizing
HOMER simulation result of Ramea wind-diesel-pumped hydro system:
Battery bank (consisting of Trojan T-105 batteries) should have 500 batteries.
Cost of Energy is 0.218$/kWhr
Diesel required 783, 529L/yr
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Sizing
Electrical performance of Ramea wind-diesel-pumped hydro system:
Total energy required 4,281,096 kWh/year and 37% of that will be met by the wind energy
Almost only one diesel generator is running at a time
Diesel required 783, 529L/yr
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Expected energy in and out of battery system:
Sizing
Battery will be most used in July and August while it will be least used in May. Maximum power output from battery storage is 147kW during the month of
April.
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Calculations:
The hybrid system required 500 Torjan T-105 batteries (each 1350Whr).
So the potential energy stored in the upper reservoir should be.
Potential Energy = mgh,
→ 1350 × 3600 × 500 = mgh = (volume * desnsity)*g*h
Volume, V = 100081.9
50036001350
h
For a head h = 63m, required reservoir size will be V = 3932m3
For area of 2000m2, required reservoir height will be 2m
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Calculations:
Possible maximum daily average power , 147kW ~ 150kW
gHQP
For, H = Gross head in m (63m), g = 9.81 m/s2 and
η = Hydro turbine efficiency = 70%.
The flow rate, Q = 0.347 m3/s
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For the Ramea site the expected flow rate is 0.347 m3/s and head is 63m therefore the best
selection is a Pelton or Turgo type turbine.
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Dynamic simulation of grid connected PHS:
The pump is considered as a 150kW centrifugal pump with induction
machine
The hydro turbine is considered as 150kW unit with a synchronous
machine coupled to the system bus.
Community load is considered as a constant load
The system was simulated for 24s
During off peak hour the pump will be operating for pumping water to
upper reservoir
During peak demand the hydro turbine will be operating.
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Dynamic simulation of grid connected PHS:
SIMULINK representation of Diesel-wind-hydro hybrid power system in Ramea
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o
vwt
v
tatw
V
zTtmV
Tdt
dVVVV
5.10),(
1,
Wind field equation:
Vw = the wind speed
Va= Average wind speed
Vt= Turbulent component of wind speed
mw(t)= Random white noise
Z = Turbine height
V0= Maiden wind speed
Dynamic simulation of grid connected PHS:
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Dynamic simulation of grid connected PHS
Expected power changes in a transient condition in the Ramea Hybrid power system
Hydro pump is
operating
Hydro turbine is
operating
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Dynamic simulation of grid connected PHS:
Expected transients in the Ramea hybrid power system
Hydro turbine is
operating Hydro pump is
operating
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Conclusions:
Diesel fuel saved by 94,782L per year
Cost of energy reduced by 0.03$/kWh
All excess electricity will be stored in hydro storage
Available sea water can be used
63m height is available for water head.
No extension of power line is required as Man of War hill
is near to the existing system
Voltage and frequency variation are within limit
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Future recommendation:
Battery system can be replaced by actual pumped hydro system.
Soft starter can be used for reducing system transients.
Variable speed hydro pumped storage can be considered.
Variable load can be considered.
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Acknowledgement:
M. Tariq Iqbal
Nalcor energy (Newfoundland Hydro)
The Leslie Harris Centre of Regional Policy and Development,
MUN
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Thank you
For your attention and presence
Question / Comments