the emotional intelligence profile of surgical residents: a descriptive study ar jensen, md, as...
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The Emotional Intelligence Profile of Surgical Residents:A Descriptive Study
The Emotional Intelligence Profile of Surgical Residents:A Descriptive Study
AR Jensen, MD, AS Wright, MD, A Lance, MBA, K O’Brien, MA, C Pratt, MS, DJ Anastakis, MD, M.Ed, MHCM,
CA Pellegrini, MD, and KD Horvath, MD
University of Washington Department of Surgery
andCollege of Education
AR Jensen, MD, AS Wright, MD, A Lance, MBA, K O’Brien, MA, C Pratt, MS, DJ Anastakis, MD, M.Ed, MHCM,
CA Pellegrini, MD, and KD Horvath, MD
University of Washington Department of Surgery
andCollege of Education
IntroductionIntroduction
• Team Leadership and Communication Skills are vital to the practice of Medicine
• Reflected in three of the six ACGME Core Competencies1. Patient Care2. Medical Knowledge3. Practice-based Learning and Improvement4. Interpersonal Communication5. Professionalism 6. Systems-based Practice
• Team Leadership and Communication Skills are vital to the practice of Medicine
• Reflected in three of the six ACGME Core Competencies1. Patient Care2. Medical Knowledge3. Practice-based Learning and Improvement4. Interpersonal Communication5. Professionalism 6. Systems-based Practice
IntroductionIntroduction
• Design of a Team Leadership and Communication training curriculum– Educational Needs Assessment– Understand residents’ perceptions of
leadership skills and training– Tailor curriculum to needs of residents
• Design of a Team Leadership and Communication training curriculum– Educational Needs Assessment– Understand residents’ perceptions of
leadership skills and training– Tailor curriculum to needs of residents
IntroductionIntroduction
• Model: Emotional Intelligence– Team Leadership and Communication model
originally described by Mayer and Salovey in 1990 and later popularized by Daniel Goleman
– Proposed to be teachable– Hypothesized to be useful in Medicine, but no
data exist.
• Model: Emotional Intelligence– Team Leadership and Communication model
originally described by Mayer and Salovey in 1990 and later popularized by Daniel Goleman
– Proposed to be teachable– Hypothesized to be useful in Medicine, but no
data exist.
Goleman (1995) Emotional Intelligence: Why it can Matter More than IQGoleman (1995) Emotional Intelligence: Why it can Matter More than IQ
Emotional IntelligenceEmotional Intelligence
• Five key principles1. Emotional Self-Awareness
2. Emotional Self-Regulation
3. Self-Motivation
4. Awareness of Others’ Emotional States
5. Proficiency in Managing Relationships with Others
• Five key principles1. Emotional Self-Awareness
2. Emotional Self-Regulation
3. Self-Motivation
4. Awareness of Others’ Emotional States
5. Proficiency in Managing Relationships with Others
SelfSelf
OthersOthers
MethodsMethods• 20-item Survey with 5-point Likert Scale
– Leadership Skills
– Leadership Training
– Self-Assessment of Five Emotional Intelligence Traits
• 20-item Survey with 5-point Likert Scale
– Leadership Skills
– Leadership Training
– Self-Assessment of Five Emotional Intelligence Traits
• EQi® administered to all General Surgery residents as an Educational Needs Assessment
– Widely validated
– Initial studies - 3831 Adults in North America (1996)
– Correlates with leadership advancement (predictive validity – military studies)
• EQi® administered to all General Surgery residents as an Educational Needs Assessment
– Widely validated
– Initial studies - 3831 Adults in North America (1996)
– Correlates with leadership advancement (predictive validity – military studies)
ResultsResults
Leadership Skills are Important for a Surgeon to be Competent
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Disagree Strongly Neutral Agree Strongly
Survey ResultsSurvey ResultsI Have Strong Leadership Skills
0
5
10
15
20
25
Disagree Strongly Neutral Agree Strongly
Survey ResultsSurvey Results
Leadership Skills can be Taught
0
5
10
15
20
25
DisagreeStrongly
Neutral Agree Strongly
Survey ResultsSurvey Results
Resident Emotional Intelligence Self-Assessment Survey Data
0
5
10
15
20
25
Disagree Strongly Neutral Agree Strongly
Num
ber of
Res
ponse
s
Self-Awareness Self-Regulation Self-Motivation Awareness of Others' Emotional States Managing Relationships
MethodsMethods
• EQi® administered to all General Surgery residents as an Educational Needs Assessment– Widely validated– Initial studies - 3831 Adults in North America (1996) – Correlates with leadership advancement (predictive
validity – military studies)
• EQi® administered to all General Surgery residents as an Educational Needs Assessment– Widely validated– Initial studies - 3831 Adults in North America (1996) – Correlates with leadership advancement (predictive
validity – military studies)
• 20-item Survey with 5-point Likert Scale
– Leadership Skills
– Leadership Training
– Self-Assessment of Five Emotional Intelligence Traits
• 20-item Survey with 5-point Likert Scale
– Leadership Skills
– Leadership Training
– Self-Assessment of Five Emotional Intelligence Traits
Bar-On EQi®Emotional Quotient Inventory
Bar-On EQi®Emotional Quotient Inventory
– Individual results confidential
– Residents receive results from Certified EQi Consultant
– De-identified pooled group results available to Department
– Individual results requested from residents for correlational analysis
– Individual results confidential
– Residents receive results from Certified EQi Consultant
– De-identified pooled group results available to Department
– Individual results requested from residents for correlational analysis
Bar-On (2006). Bar-On Model of Emotional-Social IntelligenceBar-On (2006). Bar-On Model of Emotional-Social Intelligence
EQi® ResultsEQi® Results
TotalCorrelational Analysis
N 74 64
Male 51 (69%) 45 (70%)
Female 23 (31%) 19 (30%)
R1 33 28
R2 16 16
R3 11 10
R4 9 6
R5 5 4
+/- 1 SD+/- 1 SDRangeRange
EQi® ResultsEQi® Results
• Scaled to mean of 100• Most normally functioning individuals 85-115
• Scaled to mean of 100• Most normally functioning individuals 85-115
MeanMean
EQi® ResultsEQi® Results
N = 34
EQi® ResultsEQi® Results
N = 34
Emotional Intelligence and Age, Bar-On Normative Sample
100
101.8
102.7
101.5
95.396.8
90
92
94
96
98
100
102
104
16-19 20-29 AverageEQi
30-39 40-49 50+
Age (Years)
Ove
rall
EQ
i Sco
re
Emotional Intelligence and Age
104.7
108.5
90
92
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
108
110
20-29 (n=37) 30-39 (n=27)
Age (Years)
Ove
rall
EQ
i Sco
re
Adapted from Bar-On, EQi Technical ManualAdapted from Bar-On, EQi Technical Manual
p=0.19
ConclusionsConclusions
• Surgical Residents have a strong self-perception of their own Emotional Intelligence
• Surgical Residents as a group have above average Emotional Intelligence
• Individual EQi® results may allow residents to guide their own Leadership and Communication training
• Surgical Residents have a strong self-perception of their own Emotional Intelligence
• Surgical Residents as a group have above average Emotional Intelligence
• Individual EQi® results may allow residents to guide their own Leadership and Communication training
Future DirectionsFuture Directions
• Establishment of a Leadership Training Curriculum may improve leadership skills
• Follow-up analysis after Leadership Training is necessary
• Other instruments (MSCEIT, 360-degree EQi®) may be better measures of leadership skills
• Establishment of a Leadership Training Curriculum may improve leadership skills
• Follow-up analysis after Leadership Training is necessary
• Other instruments (MSCEIT, 360-degree EQi®) may be better measures of leadership skills