Mar

ine liv

ing-resources

Shi

pbuil

ding and repair

Marine min erals

Coa

stal tourism

Maritime transport

Port activities

Ocean energy

M aritim e defe

nce B lue bio eco no m y / b

iote

chno

logy

Desalin ation

Sub m arine cables

THE EU BLUE ECONOMY

Maritime data

Maritime spatial

planning

Shared infrastruc-

ture

Environ-mental

protectionCommon

skillsMaritime security

Marine renewable energy

TOTAL TURNOVER €750 billion

GVA€218 billionin 2018

ESTABLISHED SECTORS EMERGING SECTORS

Coastal tourism

Coastal tourism

40%

Living resources

Port activities

62%

Port activities16 %

Direct EMPLOYMENT

5 million

50 persons in 2009

4600 personsin 2018

X8Offshore wind energy (production and transmission), young sector in expansion

EU R&D expenditure on ocean energy

EMPLOYMENT 177 000 people

TOTAL€42O

million

2007

2011

2016

2008

2012

2017

2009

2013

2018

2010

20152014

2019

0 100 200 300 400

TOTAL €520

million

BLUE ENERGY EMERGING SECTORincludes:

Maritime transport16 %

11 %

11 %

GROSS OPERATING SURPLUS

(profit)

€95 billion

The seven establishedsectors +15%

compared to 2009.

+12%compared to 2009.

70%of all global – wave & tidal –

energy in EU waters

HIGHEST GROWTH compared to 2017

+16%

+20%

+7%

+14%

GVA

EMPLOYMENT

OCEAN ENERGY

MARITIME DEFENCE

BLUE BIOECONOMY

OCEAN ENERGY DESALINATION520m of contracted investments from 2019-2024.

THE EU BLUE ECONOMY

TURNOVER (direct and indirect)

€350 MILLION

+18%compared to 2009.

+12%since 2017.

Defined as an emerging sector because data for it are currently emerging.

Wave energy

Tidal energy

Floating offshore wind Hydrogen generation

Floating solar photovoltaic energy (FPV)

H2

State: present and future

Sour

ce: T

he E

U Bl

ue E

cono

my

Repo

rt 20

20 (o

wn

calcu

latio

ns).

Sour

ce: E

uros

tat (

SBS)

, DCF

and

ow

n ca

lcula

tions

.

Flood damage (€ billion / year) with adaptation and without adaptation under a high emissions scenario in 2100

Share of national GVA (%)

Share of national employment (%)

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

SIZE OF THE BLUE ECONOMY

ECOSYSTEMS SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

Land

Air

Fresh water

Ocean

Ecological processes

Functional traits

Human well-being

Benefits

Values

Biophysicalstructures

• Nutrition, clean air & water• Health, safety, security• Enjoyment

• Economic value• Health value• Shared (Social) value• Other values

• Institutions, businesses• Policies (agriculture,

forestry, fishery, environment,…)

• Stakeholders and users

Genetic diversity

Bioticinteractions

FunctionsResponse

Speciesrichness

DRIVERS OF CHANGE

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

BIODIVERSITY

NATURAL CAPITAL

Own

elab

orat

ion

base

d on

Erh

ard

et a

l, 20

16.

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSETS

From natural capital to benefits to societyECOSYSTEMS SERVICES

• Ecosystem use and management • other capital imputs

7

1,5 2,3

6

5,2

4,31,3

1,5

1

2,5

4,3

1,7

1,10,1

1,8

1

10,8

1,4

1,31

3,2

3

8,4

0,70,7

0,20,2

0,2

2

0,4

11,710

14,2

7,22,2

2,1

3,2

4,8

4,6

2,1

0,70,1

1,5

5,5

4,9

10,6

0,80,8

0,30,2

0,1

3,4

0,35

No adaptation

Raised dykes

0 25 50 75 100 125

SI

SE

RO

PT

PL

NL

MT

LV

LT

IT

IE

HR

FR

FI

ES

EL

EE

DK

CY

BG

BE

0 4 8 12 16 20

DE

266