the evolving network: trends in the connected home, smb
TRANSCRIPT
The Evolving Network:
Trends in the connected home,
SMB and Enterprise Services marketsSMB and Enterprise Services markets
Clarence Black
ANMTA Spring Conference 2014
Introduction
Network Engineer with Plateau Telecommunications in Clovis, NM
Just starting a website / IT blog:
www.r66networks.comwww.r66networks.com
Future Training Sessions?
• Service Provider Metro Ethernet and MPLS Networks
• IPv6
• Security
First Key Takeaway - Wireless• Understanding Wireless networks and their impact on:
– The connected home• IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac
• IEEE 802.15.4 - Zigbee
• ITU G.9959 – Z-Wave
– Cellular Data Networks• 2G EDGE
• 3G CDMA
• 3.5G HSPA+
• 4G LTE• 4G LTE
– Small and Medium Business Networks• Multi Access point and Controller Based solutions
– Enterprise• Authentication – 802.1x, AAA
• Implementation of Network Admission control
– Service Provider• Service Provider Wifi (walled garden, paywall, etc).
• Applying this knowledge to understand the hardware capability of Wireless devices
Second Key Takeaway – Routers (RSGs)
• Residential Gateway Routers have become advanced with Enterprise class features:
– A look at all-in-one RSGs w/SFP fiber termination capability.capability.
• We will review new features in these gateways that offer new Network capabilities for the home and SMB.
• Live demo of router emulators.
State of the AZ / NM Networks
• Tier 1 Cellular providers showing up in rural areas.
• Fiber on the rise. – Although declining, copper is still a significant percentage
(~50%?) of all plant.
• Wi-Max or Fixed LTE supplements some ILEC/ CLEC markets.
• Wi-Max or Fixed LTE supplements some ILEC/ CLEC markets.
• No IPv6 in New Mexico or Arizona (?) [yet!]
• Stimulus networks now entering service – lots of DWDM.
• Metro-Ethernet interconnects with other Telcos are now more common at 1gbE or 10GbE.
State of the Network, Continued…
• For average bandwidth, NM and AZ are in the
bottom 25% of the Class of 2013:
Source: http://www.akamai.com/stateoftheinternet/
State of the Internet, Security and IPv6
• Security:– Port 445 (Microsoft-DS) remained the most
targeted port in the fourth quarter, growing to 30% of observed attacks.
• IPv6• IPv6– Comcast in November 2013:
“Today, over 25% (and growing) of Comcast’s Xfinity Internet customers are actively provisioned with native dualstack broadband Internet service. Native IPv6 support has been deployed to over 75% of our broadband network, and our goal is 100% in early 2014.”
– Google Fiber – all dual stack IPv4 and IPv6.• Google assigning a /56 IP address.
Wireless data growing by Leaps and Bounds…
• Based on traffic data collected by Ericsson, the
volume of mobile data traffic increased by 70% from
the fourth quarter of 2012 to the fourth quarter of
2013, and grew approximately 15% between the
third and fourth quarters of 2013.third and fourth quarters of 2013.
Source: http://www.akamai.com/stateoftheinternet/
Technologies:
• Access Network Technology review• Physical mediums – a review of layer 1
• Are NIDs having an identity crisis?
• The definition of MSAP - has the Multi-Service Access • The definition of MSAP - has the Multi-Service Access
Platform peaked?
802.11, 3GPP
Wireless Networks
Wireless Standards
Wireless
Standard
Frequency Throughput Year
Ratified
Technology Details
802.11 2.4ghz 2mbps 1997 DHSS legacy
802.11a 5.0ghz 54mbps 1999 OFDM Separate
radio, lower
distance distance
than 2.4ghz
802.11b 2.4ghz 11mbps 1999 DSSS
802.11g 2.4ghz 54mbps 2003 FHSS
802.11n 2.4ghz +
5.0ghz
300 –
450mpbs
2008 MIMO-OFDM Dual band
radios
802.11ac 5.0ghz only 1Gbps 2014 MU-MIMO
(v2 spec)
“VHT”
Wireless Security
• Open Authentication
• WEP (legacy)
• WPA/ WPA2 with either TKIP or AES
– TKIP is WEP based– TKIP is WEP based
• Strongest –
– WPA2/AES
Wireless Mechanics
• With 2.4ghz:
– 3 non overlapping channels.
– 40mhz channels are not possible.
• At 5.0ghz:At 5.0ghz:
– 24 non overlapping channels at 20mhz, or
– 11 40mhz channels
– 4 channels for bonding
5ghz less congested.
Bluetooth operates at 2.4ghz
802.11 Wireless Networks
• 775mhz of free spectrum to use for wifi.
• Cellular carriers are implementing Wi-Fi offload due to limited and costly cellular spectrum, and abundance of free unlicensed spectrum.free unlicensed spectrum.
• Majority of devices today do not have a wired Ethernet connection.
• 2015 - # of networked devices equal 2x global population.• Source: Ruckus Wireless
802.11 performance
Enterprise AP Residential Gateway
iPad3 41d, 39u 36d, 32u
iPhone 5 76d, 48u 41d, 37u
Google Nexus 10 33.9d, 29d 63d, 29u
Google Nexus 5 81d, 103u 44d, 51u
802.11 Signal Strength
• 80dbm is about the threshhold for good signal
strength.
• 65dbm is recommended for data intensive • 65dbm is recommended for data intensive
sessions.
802.11n Terminology• Spatial multiplexing
• Beamforming.
• MIMO
• Dual band 2.4ghz/ 5ghz
• Spatial streaming - multiple streams of data are sent simultaneously, which increases throughput. sent simultaneously, which increases throughput. Requires more antennas.
Chart source:
Ruckus Wireless
802.11-AC
• Called “VHT” – Very High Throughput
• Operates on 5Ghz only, why?– More channels for bandwidth!
• 80/160mhz channels with 802.11ac
• 256 QAM, but at short distances.
There will be two releases of 802.11-AC. Current releases do not include MU-MIMO, which is the true gigabit Wifi spec.
It is hardware, not software updates to get to the version 2 spec.
Wireless Tools
• Free:– Wifi Analyzer – iPhone or Android App.
• Not the best antennas – vertical or horizontal polarity can be a factor.
– Fing – Wifi Network scanning tool.• An enumeration tool• An enumeration tool
• Pro:– Air Magnet – Air PCAP and Wireshark output
– Channelizer Pro with Wi Spy spectrum analyzer.
Mobile Wireless
Technology Description Throughput Comments
2G GSM Edge Up to 384kpbs
Actual ~ 40kbps
Quad Band GSM
850/900/1800/1900
MHz
3G CDMA 2mbps
3G (HSPA+) UMTS Voice -
W/CDMA
42mbps Known as “4G” for
ATT and T-Mobile W/CDMA ATT and T-Mobile
subscribers.
UMTS
850/900/1700/1900
/2100 MHz
4G LTE IMS Voice
(VoLTE coming soon)
4G LTE data
80Mbps /
Scalable to
higher speeds
LTE
Primarily 700MHz
IEEE 802.15.4 AND ITU G.9959
The Connected Home
The Connected HomePCs, Laptops, Printers
Entertainment
Mobility Home Automation
Source: http://m.eet.com/media/1202350/F1large.jpg
Two related Protocols
• IEEE 802.15.4– Zigbee
• ITU G.9959– Z-Wave
– defines a set of guidelines for sub-1-GHz narrowband wireless devices.
• Both ZigBee and Z-Wave are supporting mesh network topology, which is a strong requirement towards the revolution of “internet of things”.
• With a “Gateway” device, you can control any piece of equipment that has a built-in Z-Wave or Zigbee device. This list includes security systems, Smart Thermostat, your automatic door locks, video surveillance lighting and small appliance controls.
Z-Wave Kits
DYI models:
• Lowe's IRIS • Lowe's IRIS
– Bundles - $299 - SmartKit - gateway - $99, motion detector - $25, two door/window sensors - $20 each -range extender - $30, keypad - $50, smart plug - $30, thermostat - $299, $74 less than individual)
• MiCasaVerde Vera
Z-Wave
• Z-Wave operates in the 900MHz band
• It is proprietary.
• Z-Wave product is limited to 232 devices
• Less interference at the lower frequency, and • Less interference at the lower frequency, and a longer wavelength that more easily penetrates walls and objects.
• Control lights, electrical outlets, fans, shades, drapes, irrigation, thermostats, security systems, door locks
Z-Wave
• Low Powered RF
• Supports data rates up to 100Kbps
• AES encryption, IPv6, multichannel
• No broadband connection needed for local • No broadband connection needed for local control
• Must have at least two devices to start
http://www.z-wavealliance.org/
Z-Wave
• With Mesh Networking, the more devices that are added the better the network becomes.
– Opposite of Wifi
• As devices are added, they automatically join the mesh. mesh.
• They then create the most optimal pathways to send data, with each device able to act as a repeater for other devices.
• Should one device fail, the mesh self-heals, instantly creating a new transmission pathway.
Z-Wave
• Z-Wave Alliance was established in early 2005
by a group of control manufacturers
• Now has support from over 300 companies,
including:including:
– Honeywell, GE, Black & Decker
– Over 1000 devices supported
Z-Wave compatibility
• IRIS and ZWAVE compatibility
Source: http://www.lowes.com/cd_Competitor+Comparison_593210683_
• http://www.lowes.com/cd_Services_9450173
24_
iVera
• https://home.getvera.com/users/login
Demo:Demo:
UN: guest
PW: guest
Vera Packages
• http://shop.getvera.com/SearchResults.asp?Cat=1837
Zigbee
• 802.15.4
– LR-WPANs – low rate wireless personal area
networks.
– low cost, low speed– low cost, low speed
– 30 feet range, 250Kbps
– Operates in the 2.4Ghz range
– A Standardized protocol with very good
interoperability between Manufacturers
– No broadband connection needed for local control
ZigBee
• ZigBee networks can support 65,000 devices
ZigBeeZigBee
http://www.zigbee.org/About/UnderstandingZigBee.aspx
Comparing Zwave and ZigBee
• Home-area networks (HANs)
Source: http://electronicdesign.com/communications/what-s-difference-between-zigbee-and-z-wave
Z vs. Z, cont…Z vs. Z, cont…
http://edn.com/design/analog/4426050/2/The-future-of-home-automation---ZigBee-or-Z-Wave-
Z vs. Z
• What do ADT, ViVINT, AT&T, and Verizon use?
Z-Wave!Z-Wave!
The Walmart Selection
IOS Devices
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_iOS_devi
ces#iPad
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_iOS_devices#iPad
Android Phones
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_smartphones
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_tablets
RESIDENTIAL SERVICES GATEWAYS
Routers
RSGs do most everything
• FTTP Access Gateways
– All in one w/Voice
Key RSG Features
• Dual WAN failover mode (supports two ISPs)
• Gigabit WAN ports with VLAN capability.
• Gigabit LAN ports with VLAN capability.
• DMZ – advanced security.• DMZ – advanced security.
• SNMPv2/ v3
• Some Access control list capability.
• TR-69
First Looks at RSGs
• Let’s look at some Home routers and their
features:
http://ui.linksys.comhttp://ui.linksys.com
SMB Router Feature Sets
• Remote Access VPN
• Site to Site VPN
• Security Feature Set
• Load Balancing / WAN failover• Load Balancing / WAN failover
Let’s take a look at a SMB router emulator:
http://www.tp-link.us/support/emulators/
Comparing RSGs
Source: http://www.buffalotech.com/products/wireless
Thank you!