The Excretory System

C15L3

Primary functions

1. the removal of wastes and foreign substances and excess substances from the blood

2. the temporary collection and storage of these substances

3. the elimination of these substances from the body

4. regulates the level of fluid in the body

The excretory system is made of four body systems.

Functions of the Excretory System (cont.)

The digestive system collects and removes undigested solids from the foods you eat.

Functions of the Excretory System (cont.)

The urinary system processes, transports, collects, and removes liquid waste from the body.

Functions of the Excretory System (cont.)

The respiratory system removes carbon dioxide and water vapor from the body.

Functions of the Excretory System (cont.)

The integumentary system, which includes the skin, secretes excess salt and water through sweat glands.

Organs of the urinary system

Kidneys

Ureters

Bladder

Urethra

Organs of the urinary system

The organs of the urinary system work together to process, transport, collect and excrete liquid waste.

Organs of the urinary system

• The bean-shaped organ that filters, or removes, wastes from blood is the kidney.

• The body has two kidneys, one on each side of the body, near the back wall of the abdomen, above the waste, and below the rib cage.

Kidney function

filter wastes from the blood and excretes them in a liquid called urine

Kidney

Blood flows into the kidney by way of the renal artery

Kidney

nephron: a network of capillaries and small tubes, or tubules, in the kidneys, where filtration of blood occurs.

Nephron

Your entire blood supply is filtered by your kidneys around 60 times each day.

main components of urine

•Urea

•Uric acid

•Water (95%)

•Sodium chloride

Abnormal Colors of Urine

color cause or disorder

Dark brown but clear Cirrhosis, acute viral hepatitis

Greenish jaundice

Milky infection producing pus

Abnormal Colors of Urine

color cause or disorder

Pink, red, or lighter brown

infection and hemorrhage in urinary system

Dark yellow or orange B complex or carotene; medication

Abnormal Components of Urine

component cause

Glucose diabetes mellitus

Protein kidney disease or heart disease

Acetone diabetes mellitus, starvation

Abnormal Components of Urine

component cause

Amino Acid Crystals severe liver disease

Uric AcidCrystals

gout

ureters

Urine leaves each kidney through a tube called the ureter and goes to the urinary bladder

urinary bladder

muscular bag that temporarily stores urine

urethra

tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body

urethra

Urine leaves the bladder through a tube called the urethra which contains circular muscles called sphincters that control the release of urine.

Disorders and Diseases of the Urinary System

Urinary Disorders

KIDNEY FAILURE

abnormal condition in which the kidneys fail to form urine. This

disorder may be caused by physical injury, bacterial

infections, or exposure to toxic chemicals

KIDNEY STONES

FLOATING KIDNEY (nephroptosis)

a kidney that has been jarred from it usual location and has become movable; caused by a severe injury or blow

to the lower back; can occur after a very overweight person reduces body fat

The excretory system helps maintain homeostasis by filtering wastes from the blood and removing wastes from the digestive system.

The excretory system also interacts with the hypothalamus of the nervous system to help maintain homeostasis.

The Excretory System and Homeostasis