The Failure of Peace in EuropeTreaty of VersaillesCollapse of EmpiresEconomic Depression

The Treaty of VersaillesIn January 1919 the Big Three meet to work on the peace plan.Wilson-United StatesDavid Lloyd George-Great BritainGeorges Clemenceau-FranceThe peace plan was to be called the Paris Peace ConferenceAll three men had different goals for the peace plan.

14 PointsPresident WilsonWanted a just and lasting plan for peace.With his 14 points he wantedTo end secret treatiesGive nations freedom of the seasFree tradeReduce armies and naviesChange the boarders of Europe and the worldCreate new nationsAllow for self determination

Self-DeterminationMeans to allow people, nations, countries to decide what government they want and how they want to be ruled.This was a challenge to the colonial system.Countries like Britain did not want self determination because it meant that they would have to give up rule in places like India.

BritainBritain/GeorgeWanted to make sure that Germany did not become a world military power.Wanted the German army and navy reduced.

FranceFrance/ClemenceauWanted Germany to pay for all the suffering France had faced during the war.Wanted the peace plan to punish Germany.

The Treaty of VersaillesThe European nations were cool to Wilsons 14 points and wanted repayment and punishment instead of goodwill and freedoms,A compromise on the treaty was reached and on June 28, 1919 the treaty was signed.The treaty stated the following;

League of NationsOne of Wilsons 14 points was adopted, the creation of a League of Nations.The goal of the league was to keep peace in the world.Germany and Russia were left out of the League.

League of NationsThe U.S. opposed the Treaty of Versailles.Many felt that belonging to the League of Nations would mean that the U.S. would have to supply troops and involve the U.S. in future wars.The Senate failed to ratify the treaty and the U.S. never joined the League of Nations.

League of NationsThe refusal of the U.S. to join weakened the league.The league had no armed forces to enforce peacekeeping.The league was considered a failure.

Punish GermanyThe treaty was harsh to GermanyTerritorial LossesLand was taken to create Poland.Alsace and Lorraine were given back to FranceGermany lost her overseas colonies

Punish GermanyMilitary RestrictionsGermanys army and navy were restricted.Germany could not have troops on the industrial boarder of France.Germany could not produce/import military weapons

Punish GermanyWar GuiltGermany had to accept responsibility for the war. (Germany did not start the war)Germany had to pay a large war debt to France and Britain. (Germany had no money to pay debts)Accepting blame for the war and paying war debts caused bitterness and anger in Germany.

Collapse of EmpiresAustro-Hungarian EmpireBecause of the war the Austro-Hungary government collapsed.Several new nations were created out of the empire;AustriaHungaryCzechoslovakiaYugoslavia

Collapse of EmpiresThe Ottoman EmpireIn 1918 the Ottoman Empire also collapsed.Arab lands were placed in control of the British or French.Britain and France were to prepare these countries for self determination. (This never happened)The rest of the empire became Turkey.

Results of the Treaty on the WorldGermany was horrified and bitter at the terms of the treaty.The League of nations failed without U.S. support.Italy was promised land by the allies which Italy never received.Russia was upset at the establishment of Poland and the creation of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania on Russian land.Arab nations were angered that they did not receive self determination.

Results of the Treaty on the WorldChina was upset that Japan was given former German colonies in China.Japan was upset that the world did not recognize Japans entire claim to China.

The Lost GenerationThe war had shaken the beliefs of many people. They had lost their faith in western civilization.Many rejected the moral values of the past and were searching for answers to the future.They were known as the Lost Generation.Many writers, poets, and painters expressed their lost feelings in their work.Hemingway, T.S. Eliot

Europe after the WarEvery major country in Europe was bankrupt from the war.European nations no longer dominated world politics.Russia had become a communist nationMany coalition governments in European nations were weak.

Europe after the WarCoalition GovernmentsWhen one political party can not gain majority during an election then an alliance is formed between two or more parties to gain a majority.The government is then run by this alliance of parties.Party#1Party#2Party#3CoalitionGovt

Europe after the WarDepressionDefinedA long and severe decline in economic activity.Causes for a depression in EuropeNations had large war debts to payCities, factories and farms had to be rebuilt

World DepressionDepressionFactories Create GoodsSurplus of GoodsNotEnough DemandPrice of goodsdropIndustriesLose$WorkersLose JobsLess$ in EconomyIndustriesGo out ofBusinessBank loansnot repaidBanks go out of business

World DepressionOnce banks go out of business people lose all their money that were in the banks.

World DepressionFarmers and suppliers of raw materials also lost money/jobs because these items were no longer needed to create finished goods.

World DepressionStock Market Crash 1929.Foreign banks and investors lose large sums of money in the crash.The crash bankrupts countries.The crash sends the depression world- wide

World DepressionKey TermsInflation = too much money in the economy and prices go up.Germany had a huge inflation problem after WWI because it did not raise taxes to pay for the war it just kept printing money. There was no value to the money. It cost millions of marks(German dollars) to pay for food.How to fixGovt needs to take money out of the economy by raising taxes.Raise interest rates on goods so people dont spend money.

World DepressionDawes PlanThe Dawes Plan was used to help Germany get out of its inflationary state in 1923.The United States gives Germany a 200 million dollar loanGermany is also given a realistic time frame to pay war debts.The German economy recovers.German factories begin producing goods at the same rate as before the war.People invest in German factories and goods.Germany recovers.

World DepressionRecession = too little money in economy and prices go down.Recession is the step before depression.

How to fixGovt needs to lower taxes to leave more money in the economy.Lower interest rates so people will spend money.

World DepressionGross National ProductThe total value of goods and services produced by a nation. Usually calculated in a one year period.

World DepressionUnemploymentThe number of workers that have lost jobs and can not find work

Notes SummeryTake five minutes, look over your notes and the on a separate sheet of paper label it The Failure of Peace in Europe and summarize your notes.What was the peace plan?What was Wilsons 14 Points?Why did the League of Nations fail?Why was the treaty harsh to Germany?Was the Treaty a success or failure?What was the economic conditions of Europe after the war?What was the cause of these economic conditions?

ActivityYou are present at the Versailles Treaty and a neutral on looker. Create a postcard on the events of peace plan and send them home to you family.On the front of the postcard create a picture and on the back detail in writing what has happened at the peace plan.

HomeworkStudy for Quiz # 4.Bring a pen for next classHow to write a DBQ.World War One DBQ.Will work on in class and will finish at home.This is part two of your unit grade.Jan 20 and 22 you need your textbooks and your notes for the entire school year!

Saving Private RyanDuring the week of Jan 26, you will be taking your midterm exam.The midterm will encompass everything we have studied up to this point.Absolute Monarchs, Scientific Rev, Enlightenment, French Rev, Napoleon, Latin American Rev, Congress of Vienna, Nationalism, Agrarian Rev, Industrial Rev, Social Reforms, Imperialism, World War One.

Saving Private RyanI will be giving in class time for review activities the week before the test.I will also be staying after and available during advisement for review.So what does this have to do with Saving Private Ryan

Saving Private RyanThe Saving Private Ryan challengeI have been to NormandyI have seen the actual beaches that the soldiers fought on.I am willing to show the movie and talk about the invasion in class if . . .

Saving Private RyanEveryone in class gets an 80 or better on the midterm.What you can doShow up for the review sessionForm study groupsWork on the in class reviewReview your notes nightlyIt is very possible for everyone to get an 80!!!