the firm
DESCRIPTION
How does our economy work?. First, the productive sector employs resources (such as labour). and uses them to create goods and services (output). the Firm. How does our economy work?. Households consume these goods and services. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
the Firm
First, the productive sector employs resources (such as labour) and uses them to create goods and services (output).
Households
Households consume these goods and services and provide Firms with the resources (such as labour) that they require.
Households provide resources to Firms and earn income (such as salaries and wages) in exchange.Firms produce goods and services which they sell to Households.
The activities of Households and Firms are linked.
HouseholdsFirms
Households provide resources to Firms and earn income (such as salaries and wages) in exchange.
Firms produce goods and services which they sell to Households.Resources and goods and services flow one wayThese are called Real Flows because they are physical items
Money Flows go in the other direction
Households Firms
This is called the Circular Flow Model.
Households
It is made up of Real Flows and Money Flows.
Firms
Households Firms
This is called the Circular Flow Model.It is made up of Real Flows and Money Flows.This is an economic model that attempts to explain the real world. It simplifies all that goes on in a real economy and just focuses on what is considered important.
Income
Resources
Goods and Services
Consumer SpendingTask
Income
Resources
Goods and Services
Households and Firms are not the only sectors in the economy. Before expanding the model, we will simplify it by only using money flows from now on.
Expanding the Model
Consumer Spending
Households Firms
The Financial Sector includes banks, insurance companies and other financial institutions.Households save any income not spent with this sectorFirms go to banks to borrow funds for expansion: new factories, new machines or research and development. This is called investment.
So, there are two new money flows, savings and investment.
Savings
Investment
Income
Consumer Spending
Households Firms
FinanceSector
Task
Another sector to add is the Overseas Sector. Firms sell their products to foreign buyers, earning export receipts.A real flow of exports is matched by a money
flow, export receipts.
Exports
Export
Receipts
Savings
Investment
FinanceSector
Income
Consumer Spending
Households Firms
Export
Receipts
Firms also import goods and services to use or sell.
is matched by the money flow, import payments.
The real flow of imports
ExportsIm
ports
Import
Paymen
ts
Savings
Investment
FinanceSector
Income
Consumer Spending
Households Firms
Import
Paymen
ts
Export
ReceiptsInvestment
Savings
Consumer Spending
Income
Our new model, showing money flows only, now looks like this.
Imports
FinanceSector
Households Firms
Import
Paymen
ts
Investment
Income
Our new model, showing money flows only, now looks like this.
Savings
Task
Consumer Spending
Export
Receipts
FinanceSector
Households Firms
Households Firms
Income
Resources
Goods and Services
Consumer Spending
In which flow or sector would you classify the following?
Money spent on a yacht
Timber for the decking
A yacht manufacturer
Payment for timber
Profits from the sale of yachts
A boat builder
Wages paid to a boat builder
Consumer Spending
Resources
Firms
Resources
Income
Income
Income
The buyer of a yacht Households
A yacht Goods/Services
Back
Savings can be defined asincome not spent
Lee buys a van
LBJ Ltd buys a van
Lee buys shares in LBJ
Lee gets a dividend on his shares
LBJ researches a new product
LBJ uses a share float to expand their factory
Lee receives his salary
Consumer Spending
Investment
Savings
Investment
Income
Income
Investment
Lee deposits money in the bank Savings
Back
Savings
Investment
Finance
Income
Consumer Spending
Households Firms
Investment can be defined as
the creation of capital goodsUsing these definitions,
classify the following into one of the money flows:
Martin Family
LV Martin and Sons
Leo Martin goes to work
F&P dish drawers are sold in Namibia
F&P builds a new assembly line
Leo Martin buys a new fridge
Leo’s new fridge was produced in Australia
Household
Firm
Income
Consumption
Investment
Export Receipts
Import Payment
Import
Payments
Export
ReceiptsInvestment
Savings
Consumer Spending
Income
FinanceSector
Households Firms
In which money flow or sector would you classify the following?